[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
127 views9 pages

Transistor CE

The document discusses transistor amplifiers, specifically the common emitter amplifier. It covers basic design concepts such as phase relationships, AC emitter resistance, AC beta, and the use of coupling capacitors. It then discusses the AC equivalent circuit and how to derive the voltage gain of the common emitter amplifier. The document also briefly covers input impedance, swamping, and provides an example circuit. It concludes with an overview of field effect transistors such as JFETs and MOSFETs.

Uploaded by

Ashkarali Kottakkal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
127 views9 pages

Transistor CE

The document discusses transistor amplifiers, specifically the common emitter amplifier. It covers basic design concepts such as phase relationships, AC emitter resistance, AC beta, and the use of coupling capacitors. It then discusses the AC equivalent circuit and how to derive the voltage gain of the common emitter amplifier. The document also briefly covers input impedance, swamping, and provides an example circuit. It concludes with an overview of field effect transistors such as JFETs and MOSFETs.

Uploaded by

Ashkarali Kottakkal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Transistor Amplifiers

The Common Emitter Amplifier

Ashkarali P Asst. Professor Electronics


SNG College , Chelannur Kozhikode

Basic Design

1
Phase relationships
The output voltage is 180 degrees out of phase with the
input voltage.
The output current is in phase with the input current

vin vout

AC Emitter Resistance
The base-emitter junction has an ac emitter resistance that
can be approximated by

where

This is a dynamic resistance that only appears in ac


calculations.

2
AC beta
The ac current gain for a transistor is different than the
dc current gain.
The ac current gain is defined as

Note that this is the gain of the transistor not the


amplifier.
hfe values are usually listed on the specification sheets
for the transistor.

Coupling Capacitor
In many applications amplifiers are connected in series
with other amplifiers (cascaded) or with other complex
circuits.
Coupling capacitors are used to pass the ac signal from one
stage to the next while blocking the dc signal.
Coupling capacitors act as if they have infinite impedance
for dc signals but very low impedance for ac signals.
The dc equivalent of a circuit can be determined by
replacing the capacitors by breaks in the circuits (open
circuit).
The ac equivalent of a circuit can be determined by
replacing capacitors by shorts in the circuit.

3
AC Equivalent

VCC

vout
RC
R1 + - vout vin
vin RL||RC
C2
RL
- +
C1
re+ RE
RE R2||R1
R2

Gain for the CE Amp


The voltage gain for the CE amp can be derived using the
ac equivalent circuit.
vout
vin
RL||RC

re+RE
R2||R1

v out ic ( RC RL ) RC RL
Av = = #
v in ie ( re" + RE ) re" + RE

4
Input impedance
The input impedance of a CE amplifier with
voltage-divider biasing is given by

The ac input impedance of the transistor base


is

Swamping
A bypass +15 V

capacitor can be
used to reduce the RC

ac resistance of 10 k
3.9 k
+ - vout

the RE but vin 2.2 F 2.2 F


RL
maintain the gain- - + 2N3904
3.9 k

stabilization
properties of an RE1
150
external emitter 4.7 k

resistor. RE2
+
10 F
2.7 k -

5
All Together Now
Assume ac +15 V

current gain is
150 for the RC
3.9 k
10 k vout
transistor. + -

vin 2.2 F 2.2 F


Find Av, and Zin. RL
3.9 k
- + 2N3904

RE1
150
4.7 k

+
RE2 10 F
2.7 k -

Other Basic Amplifier Designs


Common-Collector
Common-Base
(Emitter-Follower)

6
Transistors

Field Effect Transistors (FETs)

Junction Field Effect Transistors


Width of conducting
channel is controlled
by gate voltage.
Source emitter
Drain collector
Gate Base

7
JFETs vs. BJTs
JFETs have an extremely high input
impedance for a given gain as compared to
BJTs.
Smaller size
Higher frequency response
Voltage controlled rather than current
controlled

MOSFET
Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET
Very low current devices
Most VLSI circuits use MOSFETs.
Two types:
Enhancement
Depletion

8
MOSFET
Enhancement

MOSFET
Depletion

You might also like