distributed forces distributed forces
problems : distributed forces areas, lines, theorems of Pappus, volumes
y y
4 4
2 2
x x
2 0 2 0
2 4 6 2 4 6
2 2
QUESTION 1
Determine the centroid for both components.
(1, 2) and (, )
QUESTION 2
Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown. 0.6 m x
( 0.15, 0) 0.2 m
0.45 m
0.9 m
QUESTION 3
Locate the centroid of the frame shown. 0.6 m x
(, ) 0.2 m
0.45 m
0.9 m
QUESTION 4
Determine the centroid of the composite bodies shown.
y
y R 20 mm y
20 mm
30 mm 1 6 1
1
80 mm 6
30 mm R 8 mm
x x
x 6 quarter circle
R 30 mm R 50 mm arc
1
dimensions in cm
R 25 mm
13-1 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
1m
QUESTION 5
Determine the weight and centre of gravity of
y
12 m
the concrete wall. The wall is 10 m long with a
density of 24 kN/m3.
1.5 m
2m 5.5 m
1.5 m
QUESTION 6
Two metal plates A and B, and an aluminium plate C y
are sandwiched together. The plates are 20 mm thick 200 mm 100 mm 200 mm
and 200 mm wide. Determine the centre of gravity of A
x
the combined body. Densities of metal and aluminium C
B
are 7.85 Mg/m3 and 2.71 Mg/m3 respectively.
y
QUESTION 7
R 5 cm
The plate shown is made up of two materials. The ratio
between the densities of A and B is 1:4. Determine the
10 cm
centre of gravity of the plate. Find the centroid if the A B
plate is made up of a single material.
x
10 cm 10 cm
y
QUESTION 8
R 0.3 m
The plate shown is made up of two materials. The ratio
between the densities of A and B is 2:1. Determine the
A B 0.6 m
centre of gravity of the plate. Find the centroid if the
plate is made up of a single material. x
0.6 m 0.6 m
20 mm
QUESTION 9
x = k 1y 2
Determine centroid of the shaded area using integration.
y = k2x2
x
20 mm
13-2 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
D
QUESTION 10
3m
The weight of the three member structure is 4 N/m. C 60 N
Determine location of the centre of gravity. Hence, 3m B
determine the reaction at O.
3m
A
3m 3m
4m
O
x
QUESTION 11 d
The truss OACB is made up of five 4 m length rods with a mass of A C
7 kg/m is lifted by a cable. Determine the distance d so that the
truss maintains at the position shown.
x
O B
QUESTION 12
The figure shows a pendulum made up of a bent rod OAB
O 0.6 m
welded to a hollow plate. Determine the centre of gravity A
about the x-y axes. Hence, calculate the angle if the B
0.4 m y
pendulum is pinned jointed at O. x
Mass of rod OAB = 5 kg/m
Mass of the plate material = 20 kg/m2 R 0.3 m
R 0.1 m
QUESTION 13
A 130 kg bent rod OAB is supported and loaded as
shown. Mass m1 = 50 kg and m2 = 35 kg. The surface m2
y
at B is smooth. Determine m1 A
x
a. the centroid of the bent rod, O
0.5 m 0.5 m
0.3 m
b. the reactions at O and B.
B
30o
13-3 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
QUESTION 14
Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown. Using the 100 mm
theorems of Pappus, determine the volume of the solid x
50 mm R 50 mm
obtained by rotating the area about the y axis.
150 mm 150 mm
QUESTION 15 y
A
Using the theorems of Pappus, determine the C 20 cm
surface area of the component obtained by B
60 cm
rotating the lines 180o about the x axis. Sketch E D x
the resulting component.
60 cm 220 cm 80 cm
QUESTION 16
Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown. Determine
the volume generated if the area is rotated 180o about the
x
xaxis. Sketch the resulting component. R 1 cm R 3 cm
8 cm 3 cm
QUESTION 17
The figure shows a machine component. Determine
y
a. centroid of the shaded area,
b. volume generated when the shaded 0.9 m
area is rotated 180o about the xaxis.
R 0.6 m
c. Sketch the resulting body in b. x
1.5 m 3m
QUESTION 18 R 24 mm
Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown. Using
the theorems of Pappus, determine the volume of the
solid obtained by rotating the area about the y axis.
R 18 mm
x
13-4 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
QUESTION 19 y
The figure shows cross sectional area of a composite body
R5m
made up of two different materials. Densities of materials A
and B are 10.5 x 103 kg/m3 and 19.3 x 103 kg/m3 respectively. 3m
A
Using theorems of Pappus, determine B
a. volume of both bodies if rotated 360o about the y-axis, 8m
0.6 m
b. the mass of each body
x
QUESTION 20
y
The figure shows a cross section of a machine component which is 70 mm
symmetrical about the yaxis. Determine the location of the
centroid referring to the axes, limiting analysis to four (4) 150 mm
components only.
Using Theorem of Pappus, determine the volume generated if the
R 30 mm 150 mm
component is revolved 180o about the xaxis and sketch the
x
resulting component (in 3D).
100 mm
QUESTION 21 R2m
Determine centroid of the shaded area and the volume
3m
generated if rotated 90o about the y-axis. x
3m
R2m
4m
QUESTION 22
Determine surface area of the composite body. R1 R2
R1 = 10 mm
R2 = 30 mm
h
R3 = 20 mm
R4 = 60 mm
h = 60 mm R4
R3
13-5 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
QUESTION 23
R 4000
Determine surface area of the component
30o
shown using theorems of Pappus.
Dimensions in mm. 150
250
150
300
R 50 mm
QUESTION 24
R 35 mm
Determine volume of the component shown
using the theorems of Pappus. 10 mm x
20 mm
R 20 mm quarter circle
R 30 mm
2
2
2
QUESTION 25
2
Determine the surface area and volume of the component R6
shown using the theorem of Pappus.
Dimensions in cm.
12
QUESTION 26
R 20 mm
Figure shows the side view of a uniform thickness soup
bowl with a flat base. Determine the centre of gravity of
the bowl. Using the theorems of Pappus, determine
surface area of the bowl.
20 mm
R 20 mm
QUESTION 27
The figure shows the cross sectional view of a beaker.
Sketch (complete with dimensions) R 10 mm
50 mm
a. the required area to be rotated to calculate the
volume of liquid that can fill the beaker.
b. the lines to be rotated to calculate the surface 90 mm R 50 mm
area of the beaker.
10 mm
13-6 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
y
QUESTION 28
The door knob shown is made up of a material of density
5200 kg/m3. Determine
a. surface area of the knob. x
b. the weight of the knob.
R 40 mm
R 10 mm
QUESTION 29
The figure shows a bowl made of a cutoff hollow sphere. Draw
the crosssectional segment (complete with the appropriate 5 cm
dimensions and approximate location of the centroid) required
20 cm
in order to determine the area of the surface of revolution using R 5 cm
the Theorems of Pappus (Guldinus).
Do not calculate the area of surface of revolution.
R 50 mm
QUESTION 30
Determine the surface area and volume of the composite
body shown. R 100 mm
R 75 mm
QUESTION 31
Determine the quantity of paint required to paint 10,000 units
56 mm
of the component shown if 1 litre of paint can cover an area
6 mm
of 10 m2. 14 mm
36 mm
72 mm
13-7 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
QUESTION 32
R 15 mm
The figure shows a top constructed from two different materials.
The density of the body A is 5 kg/cm3, while the density of the 6 mm
nail B (partly embedded into the body A) equals 25 kg/cm3. A
Using Theorems of Pappus, determine : R 21 mm
B 20 mm
a. the volume of each component, A and B.
b. the mass of the top
R 2.5 mm
20 15
QUESTION 33 20 15
An aluminium cylinder inserted through a metal block as
shown. Determine the centre of gravity if the density of
R 10
10
aluminium is 2.8 g/cm3 and for metal 7.7 g/cm3.
Dimensions in cm. 40
QUESTION 34
2.5
0.5
A composite body is made up of two components. Determine 1
2.5 3
the x coordinate of both the centroid and centre of gravity of x
the composite body. The density of component A is 0.8 the 4
density of component B.
1
Dimensions in cm. z
3
QUESTION 35 0.9 m 0.9 m
Determine location (coordinate) of the centroid of 0.9 m 0.9 m
the composite body shown.
( x = 0.954 m, y = 0.575 m, z = 0.9 m) 0.3 m
z
0.3 m x
1.2 m
R 0.4 m
0.3 m
13-8 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
y
0.1 m
0.3 m
QUESTION 36
0.1 m
Determine the centroid ( x , y and z ) of the component shown.
x
0.4 m
R = 0.4 m
30 mm
40 mm
QUESTION 37
Determine location (coordinate) of the centroid of the x
composite body shown. z
20 mm
20 mm
12 mm R 12 mm
QUESTION 38
Determine the centre of gravity ( x , y , z ) of
the machine element shown. 100
R 75
Dimensions in mm. z
150 28
x
100
200
100
20 mm 20 mm
QUESTION 39 20 mm 20 mm
Determine location (coordinate) of the centroid 30 mm 12 mm
of the composite body shown. x
z
R 12 mm
0.2 m 0.1 m
0.1 m
QUESTION 40 0.1 m
Determine location (coordinate) of the centroid of
x
the composite body shown.
( x = 0.0656 m, z = 0.196 m, y = 0.05 m) z 0.1 m
round hole quarter circle
0.1 m
13-9 arm
distributed forces distributed forces
QUESTION 41
Determine location (coordinate) of the centroid of
0.2 m
R 0.2 m
the composite frame shown.
z
0.4 m x
QUESTION 42 A
Determine the centre of gravity of the bent rod shown.
0.6 m
Rod AO is made of metal while the rod OBC is
0.8 m 0.8 m
aluminium. The ratio of their densities is 2.841. O
C B
z x
QUESTION 43
Determine the location of the centre of gravity of the
uniform thickness metal sheet shown. 0.12 m
0.12 m
R 0.12 m
x
z
0.12 m
y
1.2 m
QUESTION 44
Locate the centroid (x , y , z ) of the composite
sheet metal bracket if the material is
30o R 0.45 m
homogeneous and has a constant thickness. R 0.9 m
( x = 0.1246 m, y = 0.421 m, z = 0.436 m)
0.8 m
0.45 m
z
x
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