(1) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 16.
2)
It is desired to transport liquid metal through a pipe embedded in a wall at a point
where the temperature is 650K. A 1.2-m thick wall constructed of a material having
thermal conductivity varying with temperature according to
, where T is in K and k is in W/m.K, has its inside surface
maintained at 925 K. The outside surface is exposed to air at 300 K with a convective
heat transfer coefficient of 23 W/m2.K. How far from the hot surface should the pipe
be located. What is the heat flux for the wall?
(2) WWWR 17.13
A 2.5-cm-thick sheet of plastic (k = 2.42 W/m.K) is to be bonded to a 5-cm-thick
aluminium plate. The glue that will accomplish the bonding is to be held at a
temperature of 325K to achieve the best adherence, and the heat to accomplish this
temperature is to be provided by a radiant source. The convective heat transfer
coefficient on the surfaces of both the plastic and aluminium is 12 W/m2.K, and the
surrounding air is at 295 K. What is the required heat flux if it is applied to the
surface of (a) plastic? (b) aluminium?
(3) (Modified from Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student
Version 16.1)
The steady state expression for heat conduction through a plane wall is . For
steady state heat conduction through a hollow cylinder, an expression similar to the
equation is
Where is the log-mean are defined as
a. Show that as defined above satisfies the equations for steady state radial heat transfer
in a hollow cylindrical element.
b. If arithmetic mean area, is used rather than the logarithm mean, calculate
the resulting percent error for values of of 1.5, 3 and 5.
(4) WWWR 17.39
Circular fins are employed around the cylinder of a lawn mower engine to dissipate heat.
The fins are made of aluminium. They are 0.3 cm thick, and extend 2 cm from base to tip.
The outside diameter of the engine cylinder is 0.3 m. Design operating conditions are
and h = 12 W/m2.K. The maximum allowable cylinder temperature is .
Estimate the amount of heat transfer from a single fin. How many fins are required to
cool a 3-kW engine, operating at 30% thermal efficiency, if 50% of the total heat given
off is transferred by the fins?
(1)
1.2m
925K x 650K Ts=300K
TR.W.
L
dT 1.2 T
q k q dx k0 (1 bT )dT
dx 0 925
T
k0 b
q T T 2 23(T 300)
1.2 2 925
Solving TR.W . 300.71K
q 16.366W / m2
From 0 to L
L 650
q k 0 (1 bT )dT
0 925
925
k0 b
L T T 2
q 2 650
L 0.646m
(2)
2.5cm 5cm
h1 h2 Pl: Plastic
Al: Aluminum plate
Tsurr h1 12W / m 2 K h 2 12W / m 2 K
=295K
k 1 2.42W / mK k 2 229W / mK
Pl Al
T1 Ti=325k T2
(A) Plastic (part 1)
2.42
q 12(T 1 295) (T 1 325)
0.025
2.42 229
(T 1 325) q2 (325 T 2) 12(T 2 295)
0.025 0.05
Solving B T 2 324.9K
2.42
q2 (T 1 325) T 1 328.7 K
0.025
q q1 q 2 359 404 763W
(B) Aluminum Plate (Part 2)
229
q q3 q4 12(T 2 295) (T 2 325) (C ')
0.05
229 2.42
q4 (T 2 325) (325 T 1) ( D ')
0.05 0.025
Solving (D) T 1 321.7 12(T 1 295)
T 2 325.07 K
q q4 q3 320 361 681W
(3)
q kA k (ro ri )
(a) T 2 T Same as Eq. 17-6
L ro ri ro ri ln(ro / ri ) Long, hollow cylinder
2 k radial heat transfer
T
ln(ro / ri )
(b)
2 (ro ri )
(ro ri )
ln(ro / ri )
2 (ro ri ) / ln(ro / ri )
(ro ri ) ln ro / ri
2(ro ri )
ro
( 1) ln ro / ri
ri
ro
2( 1)
ri
ro
From 1.5 % Error 1.3%
ri
3 % Error 10.0%
5 % Error 20.7%
(4)
0.3
ri 0.15m; r0 0.15 0.02 0.17
2 2t
0.003
t 0.0015m
2
Area 2 (ro 2 ri 2 ) Aend
2 (0.17 2 0.15
0.0152 2
) 2 (0.17)(0.003)
ri
0.0434m 2
1
ro
h 12 2
ro ri 0.02
kt (229)(0.0015)
0.118
ro
1.13 From Fig 16.11 f 0.99
ri
q Af f h(T0 T )
(0.0434)(0.99)(12)(270)
139W
For a 30% 3kW Engine
3kW
Qin 10kW
0.3
Qheat Qin W 10 3 7kW
Amount of heat transfer from fins = 0.5 7 3.5kW
3500
No. of fins needed, n 25.17 26 fins
139
