Turkish Frequently Used Words

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abla

older sister; ma'am

acaba

I wonder

acele

hurry; hastily

ac

tart, hot (pepper), bitter

hungry, greedy

open, bare, empty

almak

to open, to clear up

amak

to open

ad

name, reputation

ada

island, city block

adam

man (person), human being

adet

custom, habit

adres

address

affetmek

to forgive, excuse

afiyet

health

aabey

older brother

aa

tree

ar

heavy, difficult

az

mouth; rim, brim

alamak

to weep, cry, whine

armak

to ache, hurt

austos

August

aile

family

ait

concerning, relating to

ak

white, clean

akl

reason, intelligence, mind

akll

wise, intelligent

akmak

to flow, to leak

akam

evening

alay

crowd

alak

low

aln

forehead

almak

to get used to, become familiar

alveri

business, shopping

allah

God

allaha smarladk

(said by person when leaving)

goodbye! (Reply is Gle Gle)

almak

to take, get, buy

alt

bottom

alt

six

altn

gold

altm

sixty

ama/amma

but, yet, still

an

moment, perception, boundary

ana

main (ana yol = main road)

anahtar

key

ancak

only, merely, just barely, hardly

anlamak

to understand, comprehend, find

out

anlatmak

to explain, tell, show

anne

mother

apartman

apartment building, block of flats

araba

car ; vehicle

aralk

space, gap, interval

aramak

to look (for), search

arka

the back, rear, reverse

arkada

friend

armut

pear

artk

left over, remnant, extra ; for

now, henceforth

arzu

wish, desire

asansr

elevator

asker

soldier

aa

the lower part, bottom, inferior

at

horse

ata

father, ancestor

ate

fire, fever, temperature

atmak

to throw, drop, send away

avukat

lawyer

ay

moon ; month

ayak

foot, leg, base, pedestal

ayakkab

shoe

aydnlk

light, brightness

ayna

mirror

ayn

the same, identical

ayran

yoghurt drink

ayr

separate, distinct, different

ayrlmak

to part, separate, split

az

small, little, few

azalmak

to become less, lessen, diminish

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baba

father

bacak

leg, shank

ba

tie, string; vineyard

bal

tied, connected

bahar

spring

bahe

garden, park

bakan

state secretary

bakkal

grocer

bakmak

to look at

balk

fish

balkon

balcony

banka

bank

banyo

bath ; bath-tub ; bath-room

bardak

glass, cup

basmak

to tread, stand

ba

head, chief

baarmak

to accomplish

babakan

prime minister

baka

other, different

balamak

to begin, start

bat

west, western

batmak

to sink

bavul

suitcase, trunk

bay

Mr. - (used only with surname)

bayan

lady

baylmak

to faint /

bayram

festivity, holiday

bazan/bazen

sometimes

baz

some, certain

bebek

baby, doll

beenmek

to like, admire

bekr

single, bachelor

beklemek

to wait

belediye

municipality

belge

document

belki

perhaps

belli

evident, obvious

ben

me, ego

benzin

gasoline

beraber

together

berber

barber

beri

here, near

beslemek

to feed, nourish

be

five

bey

gentleman

beyaz

white

beyefendi

sir

bak

knife

brakmak

to leave

biber

pepper

bildirmek

to tell, inform

bile

even, already

bilet

ticket

bileti

ticket taker

bilgi

knowledge, information

bilmek

to know, be aware

bin

thousand

bina

building

binmek

to get upon, ride

bir

one

bira

beer

biraz

a little, some

birleik

united

birlik

unity, union

bisiklet

bicycle

bitirmek

to finish, complete

bitmek

to be used up, end, be finished

biz

we

bluz/bulz

blouse

boaz

throat; straight; mountain pass

bol

plentiful, ample

bor

debt, loan

bo

empty, free

10

boy

height, stature, length

boyun

neck, cervix; responsibility

bozmak

to spoil, ruin, destroy

bozuk

broken

bozulmak

to go bad, become corrupt

blge

region, zone

blm

portion, slice, chapter

brek

flaky pastry with filling

byle

so, thus; such

bu

this

buuk

and a half, (iki buuk = two and

a half)

bugn

today

bulmak

to find, discover

bulumak

to meet

11

bulut

cloud

bulvar

boulevard

burada

here

burun

nose, beak, tip

buyurmak

to command

buz

ice, very cold

buzdolab

refrigerator

bro

office

btn

whole, total, unbroken

byk

big, large

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cadde

main road, thoroughfare

cami

mosque

can

soul, life, person, vigor

12

canl

living, animate, living being,

alive

ceket

jacket

cennet

paradise, heaven

cep

pocket

cevap

answer, reply

cins

sort, type, sex, gender, race,

stock

cuma

Friday

cumartesi

Saturday

cumhuriyet

republic

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abuk

quick, fast, swift, quickly

armak

to call, to invite, to shout

alkan

hard-working, diligent

13

alma

work, study

almak

to work, study

almak

to steal ; to play a musical

instrument

anta

bag, purse

arpmak

to bump, hit, knock, run (into)

aramba

Wednesday

ar

shopping district, market quarter

atal

fork, bifurcation

ay

tea

ekmek

to pull, haul, move (a car)

eit

kind, sort, variety, assortment

evirmek

to turn, rotate; to refuse; to

translate

eyrek

a quarter, one fourth

karmak

to take out, send out, expel, to

14

publish
kmak

to go out, emerge, to graduate

iek

flower

iftlik

farm

ikolata

chocolate

irkin

ugly

ocuk

child

ok

many, much, very

orap

stocking, nose, sock

orba

soup

nk

because

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da/de

too, also

da

mountain, brand

15

daha

more, than, yet, or

daima

always, forever

daire

circle; apartment

dakika

minute

daktilo

typewriting, typist

dans

dance, dancing

dar

narrow, tight

davet

invitation

dede

grandfather

defa

time, turn

defter

notebook

deer

price, worth, value

deil

not

deik

different, varied, changed

16

deimek

to change

delik

hole, opening

demek

to say

denemek

to test, examine

deniz

sea

derece

step, stair, degree

derhal

suddenly, immediately

derin

deep, profound

ders

lesson, lecture

dert

sorrow, sadness, pain

deva

remedy

devir

age, time

devlet

state, government, nation

deyim

saying, expression

17

out, outer, outside

dar

outside

dier

other

dikkat

care, attention

dikmek

plant, sew, stitch

dil

language, tongue

dilemek

to want, desire, to wish

dinlemek

to listen

di

tooth

domak

to be born

doru

correct, true

dou

east

doum

birth

doksan

ninety

18

doktor

doctor

dokuz

nine

dolap

cupboard, case

dolamak

to walk

dolmak

to fill

dolmu

(something which is filled)

dolu

full

domates

tomato

dondurma

ice cream

dost

friend, lover

doymak

to be satisfied

dnmek

to go round, circle; to return

dn

return

drt

four

19

dvmek

to beat, pound

dudak

lip

durak

stop, stopping place

durmak

to stop, stand

durum

state, position, attitude

du

shower

duvar

wall

duygu

feeling, sense, perception

duymak

to hear

dn

wedding feast

dkkn

shop, store

dn

yesterday

dnya

world, earth

dmek

to fall

20

dnmek

to think, worry

dz

smooth, level, flat

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eczane

pharmacy, chemist

efendi

master, owner

eer

if

elence

amusement, enjoyment

elenmek

to enjoy, to have a good time

ek

supplement; prefix, suffix

ekim

October; sowing, planting

ekmek

bread; to sow, to cultivate

eksik

lacking, less

eki

sour, tart

el

hand, power

21

elbette

certainly

elbise

dress, clothes

elektrik

electricity

elli

fifty

elma

apple

emekli

retired

emin

safe, secure, sure, certain

emir

order, command

en

width; hefty, huge; most

enerji

energy

erkek

man

erken

early

ertesi

the next, following

eser

work (of art); written

22

eski

old

spouse; husband, wife; one of a

pair

eya

furniture, things

et

meat

etek

skirt

etmek

to do, make

etraf

sides, surroundings

ev

house

evet

yes

evlenmek

to marry

evli

married

evvel

first, before

evvel/evvela

firstly

eylem

action, operation; verb

23

eyll

September

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fabrika

factory

faiz

interest

fakat

but

fakir

poor, destitute

faklte

department (at a university)

fark

difference, distinction

fayda

profit, advantage, use

fazla

excessive, extra

felket

disaster

fena

bad

fralamak

to brush

frn

oven, bakery, kiln

24

fiil

act

fikir

thought, idea, opinion

film/filim

film

fincan

cup

fiyat/fiat

price

fotoraf

photograph

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galiba

perhaps, probably

garson

waiter

gazete

newspaper

gazeteci

journalist; newspaper seller

gazino

cafe, casino

gece

night

ge

late

25

geen

last, past

geirmek

to fix, insert; to pass (time); to

enter;

geit

passage; mountain pass

gemek

to pass, cross; to undergo; to

spoil; to faint

gelecek

future; next

gelin

bride; daughter-in-law

gelimek

to grow up; to develop, prosper

gelmek

to come

gemi

ship (n.)

gen

young

gene/yine

again; still, nevertheless

genellikle

generally

geni

wide

gerek

real, genuine; reality, truth;

26

really
gerek

necessary; need

gerekmek

to be necessary

geri

backward, behind; slow (clock);

to take/put back

getirmek

to bring, yield

gezmek

to stroll; to go out; to tour, visit

gibi

like, similar; nearly, somewhat

gidi

departure; way of life, conduct

giri

entrance; introduction

girmek

to enter; to join; to fit (into);

gie

pay desk, ticket window

gitmek

to go; to lead; to suit; to leave;

to disappear

giyinmek

to dress (o. s.)

giymek

to wear; to put on
27

gs

breast, chest

gk

sky, heavens

gl

lake

gmlek

skirt; slip; generation; degree,

shade; (snake) skin

gndermek

to send

gre

according (to); considering

grev

duty; function

grmek

to see; to visit; to regard; to

undergo; to perform

grmek

to meet, to have an interview;

to discuss

gstermek

to show

gtrmek

to take (away), to carry; to

accompany; to lead

gz

eye

28

gzlk

eyeglasses

gram

gram

difficult; difficulty

gl

rose

glmek

to smile, to laugh

gn

day; period, time

gnaydn

good morning/day

gne

sun

gney

south, southern

gnlk

daily, 'n' days old; for 'n' days;

diary; usual

- gnlk

three days old ; for three days

grlt

noise

gzel

nice, beautiful, good

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29

haber

news

hafta

week

hak

justice

hakikaten

in truth, truly

hakl

right, just

hal

condition; attitude; strength

halbuki

whereas, however

hal

carpet, rug

halk

people, folk, nation

hangi

which

hanm

lady, Mrs., Ms., Miss.

hanmefendi

lady, madam

hani

in fact, besides

30

hareket

movement, act, deed

harita

map

harp

war, battle

hasta

sick

hastabakc

nurse's aide

hastane

hospital

hat

route ; line ; stripe ; contour

hatrlamak

to remember, to remind

hava

air, weather

hayat

life

haydi

come on!

hayr

no; charity

hayvan

animal

hazr

ready

31

hazrlamak

to prepare

haziran

June

hl

still, yet

hediye

gift, present

hele

above all, especially

hem.. hem de..

both and

hemen

right away, almost

henz

only, just, just now

- Mehmet, henz gelmedi.

Mehmet hasn't come yet. [with

negative = 'yet']

hep

all, the whole

her

every, each

herhalde

probably

herkes

everyone, everybody

hesap

account, bill

32

heyecan

excitement, enthusiasm

hrsz

thief

hz

speed

hi

never, not at all

hissetmek

to feel, to sense

hoca

teacher

ho kal

fine,

hkmet

government, administration

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srmak

to bite

smarlamak

to order s.o., to have s.o made

light, any source of light

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inside, interior, inner, domestic,

33

kernel
ieri

inside, interior

iin

for, because, so that

iki

drink, liquor

imek

to drink

idare

administration, management,
direction

ihtiya

need, necessity

ihtiyar

old, old person

iki

two

iktisadi

economic

ila/il

medicine, drug

iln

notice, advertisement

ile

with

ileri

front part, forward, ahead

34

ilgin

interesting

ilk

first, initial

ilkbahar

spring

imza

signature

imzalamak

to sign

inanmak (-a)

to believe, trust, have faith in

inmek

to get off (a bus, car, etc.)

insan

person

inallah

I hope that . . .

ise

however (after a noun)

isim

name

iskemle

chair, stool

istasyon

station

istek

wish, desire, request

35

istemek

to want

work

ii

worker

iitmek

to hear

ite

here! here it is! look!

itmek

to push, shove

iyi

good

iyilik

goodness, favor, kindness

izin

permission

izlemek

to follow, pursue; watch

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Jeton

jeton, money token, ferry token

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36

kabul

acceptance

ka

how many ... ?

kamak

to escape

kadar

as ... as; approximately

kadn

woman

kahvalt

breakfast

kahve

coffee; caf

kahverengi

brown

kalabalk

crowd, crowded

kaldrmak

to raise, endure

kale

fortress

kalem

pencil, pen

kaln

thick

kalkmak

to get up, rise

37

kalmak

to remain, be left

kalorifer

central heating system

kan

blood

kanun

law

kapal

closed, covered

kapamak

to close, shut

kap

door, gate

kapc

doorkeeper

kar

snow

kara

black - see Explanation of Kara

karakol

police station

karanlk

dark

karar

decision

karde

sibling

38

kar

wife

karn

stomach, abdomen; womb

kark

mixed, complex

karmak

to mix, become confused

kar

facing, opposite

karlamak

to go to meet, to welcome

kasaba

small town

kasap

butcher

kasm

November

ka

eyebrow

kak

spoon

kat

storey, floor

kat

hard, stiff

kavga

quarrel, fight

39

kavun

honeydew melon

kaybetmek

to lose

kaynak

spring, source, origin

kazan

large kettle

kazan

gain, profit, benefit

kazanmak

to earn, win, get

kt

paper, card

kr

profit, benefit

ktip

clerk, secretary

kebap

shish kebab

kedi

cat

kendi

oneself

kent

city

kere

time

40

kesmek

to cut, slice

keyif

pleasure in life; joy

krk

forty

krmak

to break, crush, grind

krmz

red

ksa

short

ksm

part, portion, division

winter

ky

shore, side, outskirts

kyma

ground meat

kz

girl, daughter

kzl

red; scarlet fever

kzmak

to anger

kibrit

match

41

kilim

rug

kilo

kilogram

kilometre

kilometer

kim

who, whoever

kimse

someone, anyone

kira

renting, leasing

kirli

dirty

kii

person, human being

kitap

book

koca

husband, adult

kol

arm, sleeve, limb

kolay

easy, simple

koltuk

armchair

komu

neighbor

42

konferans

lecture, conference

konser

concert

konsolos

consul (diplomat)

konumak

to talk, speak

korkmak

to fear, be afraid

komak

to run

koymak

to put, place

koyu

thick (liquid)

koyun

sheep

kfte

meat patty, meatball

kmr

coal, charcoal

kpek

dog

kpr

bridge

kr

blind, dull, dim

43

ke

corner

kt

bad

ky

village

kyl

peasant

kulak

ear; gill

kullanmak

to use, drive

kum

sand, gravel

kuma

cloth, fabric

kurmak

to set up, assemble

kurtarmak

to save, rescue

kuru

piaster (coin) ; cent

ku

bird

kutlamak

to congratulate, celebrate

kutu

box, case, can

44

kuvvet

strength, power, force

kuzey

north

kk

little, small

ktphane

library

Back to Top

lamba

lamp

lzm

necessary

limon

lemon

lira

lira

lise

(high) school

lokanta

restaurant

ltfen

please

lzum

necessity, need

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45

maalesef

unfortunately

madem

since, seeing that

maden

mine

mahalle

neighborhood, district

makina

machine

mal

goods, property

manav

greengrocer

manzara

scene, view

mart

March

masa

table

maallah

Wonderful!

mavi

blue

mays

May

46

mna

meaning, sense

meclis

assembly, council

mektep

School (okul)

mektup

letter

memleket

country, land

memnun

pleased, satisfied

memur

civil servant, official

mendil

handkerchief

merak

curiosity

merdiven

stairs, ladder

merhaba

hello

merkez

center, headquarters

mersi

thanks! cheers!

mesele

matter, problem

47

meslek

profession

megul

busy, preoccupied

mehur

famous

metre

meter

mevsim

season

mevzu

topic, subject

meydan

open space

meyve

fruit

millet

nation, people

mill

national

milyar

billion

milyon

million

mimar

architect

minare

minaret

48

misafir

guest, visitor

mor

purple

musluk

tap, faucet

mutfak

kitchen

mutlaka

absolutely

mutlu

happy

mddet

period, duration

mdr

director, head, chair

mhendis

engineer

mhim

important, significant

mmkn

possible

mracaat

application

msaade

permission

mze

museum

49

mzik

music

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nasl

how

ne

what

neden

why

nerede

where

nereli

where from

nereye

where to

niin

why

nihayet

finally

nisan

April

niye

why

niyet

intention;

niyet etmek

to intend

50

normal

normal

not

note, mark

numara

number, size;

numara yapmak

to act, pretend

nutuk

speech, oration;

nutuk vermek

to make a speech

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ocak

January

oda

room

odac

janitor

odun

firewood

ofis

office

olan

boy

Oul

son

51

okul

school

okumak

read

olmak

to be; to happen

omuz

shoulder

on

ten

opera

opera

ordu

army

orman

forest

orta

middle

otel

hotel

otobs

bus

otomobil

automobile

oturmak

to sit; to reside

otuz

thirty

52

oynamak

to play

oyun

game

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br

to other

demek

to pay

dev

duty; homework

le

noon

renci

student

renmek

to learn

retim

instruction; education

retmek

to teach

retmen

teacher

lmek

to measure; to consider

measurement

53

lmek

to die

lm

death

mr

life span; amusing

front

nce

first; ago

nem

importance

nemli

important

pmek

to kiss

yle

like that, so

zel

private

zr

excuse; defect

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pahal

expensive

paket

packet, package

54

palto

man's coat

pansiyon

boarding house

pantalon

pants, trousers

para

money

para

piece, bit, segment

park

park

parlak

bright, shining, successful

parmak

finger, toe,

pasaport

passport

pasta

pastry, dessert

pastane

pastry shop

patates

potato

patron

employer, head of a business

pazar

open market; Sunday

55

pazartesi

Monday

pek

very much; hard, firm

peki

very good

pembe

pink

pencere

window

perde

curtain, screen, veil

perembe

Thursday

peynir

cheese

piknik

picnic

pilav

pilaf

pis

dirty, foul, obscene

piirmek

to cook, to bake

pimek

to be cooked, baked; to ripen, to

mature

plaj

beach

56

polis

police, policeman

politika

politics, policy

portakal

orange

posta

post, postal service

postane

post office

profesr

professor

program

program

pul

stamp

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radyo

radio

raf

shelf

ramen (-a)

in spite (of)

rahat

comfortable

rak

anise flavored alcoholic

57

beverage
randevu

appointment, rendezvous

reel

jam

renk

color

renkli

colored, colorful

resim

picture

resm

official, formal

ressam

painter, artist

rica

request

rzgr

wind

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saat

watch, clock, hour

sabah

morning

sa

hair

58

sade

mere, simple, pure

sa

alive

salk

life, health

saha

space, field

sahi

sound, true, correct

sahip

owner

sakn

beware; objection

salata

salad, lettuce

sal

Tuesday

salon

hall, guest room, dining room

sanayi

industries

sandalye

chair

saniye

second, moment

sanki

supposing that

59

sanmak

to think

sar

yellow; pale

satc

salesman

satn almak

to buy

satmak

to sell

sava

struggle, fight, war

sayfa

page

saymak

to count

sebep

cause, reason, source

sebze

vegetable

semek

to choose, select

sefer

voyage

sekiz

eight

sekreter

secretary

60

seksen

eighty

selm

greeting, salutation

sen

you

sene

year

serbest

free, independent

sergi

exhibition

serin

cool

sert

hard, violent

ses

sound, noise, voice

sevgili

beloved, dear

sevin

joy, delight

sevinmek

to be pleased with

sevmek

to love, like

seyahat

journey, travelling

61

seyretmek

to see, to look on

scak

warm, hot, heat

sfr

zero

sk

close together, dense

skmak

to press, squeeze

snf

class

sr

secret, mystery

sra

row, turn, file

sigara/cgara

cigarette

sinema

cinema

siyah

black

siz

you

soan

onion

souk

cold, frigid

62

sohbet

conversation, chat

sokak

street

sol

left, left-hand

son

end, result, last

sonbahar

fall, autumn

sonra

afterwards

sormak

to ask

soru

question

sorun

problem

soyad

family name, surname

sylemek

to say

sz

word, speech, rumour

szlk

dictionary

spor

sport, games

63

su

water, fluid

subay

officer

sultan

ruler

susmak

to be silent

srmek

to drive

st

milk

Back to Top

air

poet

apka

hat

arap

wine

ark

east, Orient

art

condition

armak

to be confused about

amak

to be perplexed

64

ehir

town, city

eker

sugar, candy

ekerli

sweetened

emsiye

umbrella

ey

thing

ikyet

complaint

imdi

now

irket

company, partnership

spit, skewer; swelling, swollen

ie

bottle

iman

fat

ofr

chauffer

yle

in that manner, so, just

that, this

65

ubat

February

phe

doubt, suspicion

Back to Top

tabak

plate, dish

tabii

of course

tahsil

collection; study, education

tahta

blackboard; board, plank

takm

set; team

taksi

taxi

tam

complete, entire, perfect

tamam

OK; completion, end

tane

grain; piece;

tanmak

to know

tanmak

to meet, make acquaintance

66

tanr

god; God

taraf

side, direction

tarif

description; tariff

tarih

history

tarla

arable field

ta

stone

tamak

to carry, transport, bear

tanmak

to move to (location) ; be
carried to

tatil

holiday, vacation

tatl

sweet, drinkable

tavuk

hen

taze

fresh, new

tebrik

congratulation

tehlike

danger

67

tek

single, alone

teklif

proposal, offer

tekrar

repetition

tekrarlamak

to repeat

telefon

telephone

televizyon

television

telgraf

telegraph, telegram

tembel

lazy

temiz

clean, pure, honest

temizlemek

to clean

temmuz

July

temsil

representation

tepe

hill, summit

tercih

preference

68

terzi

tailor

teekkr

thanks, giving thanks

trnak

finger nail, toe nail;

ticaret

trade, commerce

tiyatro

theater

top

ball, anything round

toplamak

to collect, gather, tidy

toplant

assembly, meeting

toprak

earth, soil, land

tramway

tram, streetcar

tra/tra

shaving

tren

train

tuhaf

uncommon, curious

turist

tourist

69

turistik

touristic

turuncu

orange (color)

tutmak

to hold; to catch, seize

tuvalet

toilet

tuz

salt

tuzlu

salted, salty

trl

various

ttn

tobacco

Back to Top

ucuz

cheap

uak

airplane

umak

to fly, to evaporate, disappear

ufak

small

uramak

to stop by

70

ulus

people, nation

ummak

to hope, expect

umumiyetle

usually, generally

unutmak

to forget

uyanmak

to awake, come to life

uygun

comfortable, suitable,
appropriate

uyku

sleep (n.)

uyumak

to sleep

uzak

distant, remote

uzatmak

to extend, prolong

uzun

long

Back to Top

three

lke

country
71

mit

hope, expectation

niversite

university

nl

famous

st

top, upper surface

flat-iron

ye

member

zere

at the point of, about to

zmek

to strain, break; to hurt the

feelings of

zlmek

to be worn out

zm

grape

Back to Top

vakit

time

vali

governor
72

valiz

suit-case

vapur

steamer

var

there is, there are

varmak

to arrive, to reach

vatan

native country

vatanda

citizen, compatriot

vazgemek

to give up, to abandon

vazife

duty, obligation

vaziyet

position, situation

ve

and

vermek

to give

veya

or

vurmak

to hit, kill, steal, swindle

73

Back to Top

ya.. ya da..

either ... or ...

yabanc

stranger, foreigner

ya

oil, fat, grease

yamak

to rain

yamur

rain (n.)

yahut

or

yakn

near (to)

yakt

fuel (for heating)

yakmak to

light, ignite

yalan

lie, fabrication

yalnz

alone, lonely

yan

side; neighborhood

yanak

cheek

74

yani

that is to say

yanl

error

yanmak

to burn, be on fire

yapmak

to make; to build; to create

yaprak

leaf, grape leaf; layer

yardm

help

yar

half of the

yarm

half (n.)

yarn

tomorrow

yasak

prohibition, ban, prohibited

ya

damp, fresh

yaamak

to live; to enjoy

yal

old, elderly

yatak

bed

75

yatmak

to go to bed

yava

slow; quiet

yavru

young animal

yaz

summer

yaz

writing

yazk

pity, shame

yazmak

to write

yedi

seven

yemek

to eat; to spend (money)

yeni

new

yer

place; position

yeil

green

yetimek

to catch, make; to be in time for

yetmek

to be sufficient

76

yetmi

seventy

ykamak

to wash; to bathe

ykanmak

to be washed; to be bathed

yl

year

yine/gene

again, once more; still, even so

yirmi

twenty

yiyecek

food

yourt

yogurt

yok

there is not.., there are not..

yoksa

or?; if not..? (used in questions)

yol

road, path, route

yolcu

traveler; passenger

yolculuk

journey, trip

yollamak

to send

77

yorgun

tired

yorulmak

to get tired

yn

direction, aspect, angle

ynetici

manager, administrator

yukar

upstairs; upper

yumurta

egg; testicle

yumu

soft, tender, gentle

yurt

homeland of a people or nation

yksek

high; lofty

ykselmek

to rise, ascend

yrmek

to work, to march, to move

forward

yz

one hundred; face; reason

yzmek

to swim, to float

Back to Top
78

zahmet

trouble

zaman

time

zamir

pronoun

zarf

envelope

zaten

anyway; besides

zengin

rich

zeytin

olive (fruit)

zil

doorbell, buzzer

ziyaret

visit, pilgrimage

zor

trouble, worry, difficulty

79

List of Daily Turkish Locutions

A list of locutions used regularly in daily Turkish speech.
These conversational items clarify meaning and understanding . Such locutions
make for fluidity in daily speech.

A List of Daily Conversational Locutions (192)

English

Turkish

According to that

ona gre

At last

nihayet ; sonunda

After all

nede olsa

At least

en azndan

A little

biraz

At most

en ok ; azami

A little bit

bir para

At once

derhal

All day long

btn gn
80

At random

rasgele, rast gele

All of a sudden

birdenbire

At short notice

ksa sre iinde

All of you

hepiniz

All over the world

btn dnyada

At the back

arkada

All right

peki

At the door

kapda

All set?

tamam m?

At the end

sonunda

Almost

hemen hemen

At the same time

ayn zamanda

A long time ago

oktan beri

As a matter of fact

nitekim

Before long

ok gemeden yaknda
81

As a rule

usulen

As for me

bana kalrsa

Besides

bundan baka

As if ; as though

sanki ; gya

Better

daha iyi

As usual

her zamanki gibi

Both of you

ikiniz de

As you please

nasl isterseniz

By airmail

uakla

At any rate

her zaman

By heart

ezberden

At first

ilkin

By means of

aracyla

At hand

elde
82

By no means

asla

By the way

sras gelmiken

By turns

sra ile

Care of

eliyle

How is that?

nasl olur?

Come in!

buyurun ; giriniz

How many?

ka tane

Consequently

bundan dolay

How much.

kaa? ; ne kadar?

Don't mention it

bir ey deil

I am sorry!

affedesiniz!; zlyorum

Don't worry

merak etmeyin

Enclosed

iliik olarak

I am sure

eminim

Ever since

o zamandan beri
83

I beg your pardon

zr dilerim

Every day

her gn

Face to face

yz yze

I can't help it

elimde deil

For ever

sonsuzca

For God's sake!

Allaha akna!

I don't care

aldrmam!

For instance

rnein

If need be

gerekirse

For sale

satlk

If possible

kabilse

For the first time

ilk kez olarak

Ill-timed

zamansz

for the time being

imdilik
84

In a hurry

acele ; ivedili

Frequently

sk sk

In any case ; somehow

her halde ; naslsa

From end to end

batan baa

In due course

zamannda

From now on

imdiden sonra

In due time

tam zamannda

From this moment

bu andan sonra

In every respect

her bakmdan

From this time on

bundan sonra

In fact

esasen ; nitekim

Full up

dolmutur

In front of

nnde ; karsnda

Good for nothing

ie yaramaz

In no time

bir rpda
85

Good looking

yakkl

In order to

amacyla

Good luck

iyi anslar

In spite of it

ona ramen

Gradually

git gide

In the end

sonunda

Help yourself

buyurun

In the first place

ilk nce

How are you?

naslsnz?

In the future

gelecekte

In the long run

sonunda

In the meantime

bu arada

In the middle

ortada

No doubt

phesiz
86

In the morning

sabahleyin

No harm done

zarar yok

In the open

ak havada

Not at all

hi de deil

In the shade

glgede

Now and again ; now and then

arada srada

In the very act

Sust

In this case

bu halde

In this manner

bylelikle

Of course

tabii

On time

tam vaktinde

Of late

geenlerde

In turns

sra ile

On and on

durmadan

Isn't it?

deil mi?
87

Once again

bir daha

Is that so?

sahi mi?

Once and for all

kesinlikle

I suppose so

galiba

Once a week

haftada bir

It is all the same

fark etmez

Once in a while

ara sra

It is not worth while

demez

Once more

tekrar ; bir daha

It is of no use

bouna

On condition that

artyla

One by one

birer birer

Just a moment

bir dakika

On foot

yryerek
88

Just in case

ne olur ne olmaz

On leave

izinli

Just in time

tam vaktinde

On purpose

bile bile ; kasten

On the contrary

tersine ; aksine

Less

daha az

Let me alone

git iine

On the left

solda

Let's go

gidelim

On the right

sada

Little by little

azar azar

On the other hand

dier taraftan

Long ago

uzun zamandan beri

Look out!

dikkat et!

On top of

tepesinde
89

Over again

tekrar

Made to order

smarlama

Over there

orada

Maybe

belki ; olabilir

Please

ltfen ; rica ederim

More or less

aa yukar

Providing that

artyla

Ready made

hazr konfeksiyon

Till morning

sabaha kadar

Return ticket

gidi-dn bileti

To be sure

tabii

To let ; to rent

kiralk

Right here

ite burada

Too many

pek ok
90

Right there

ite orada

Too much

pek fazla

Rough and ready

yarm yamalak

Under age

yaa kk

Up side down

darmadan

Safe and sound

sa salim

Up to date

modern

See you later

gene greli

Up to now

imdiye kadar

Side by side

yan yana

Since a long time

uzun zamandan beri

Welcome!

ho geldiniz

Well done!

bravo!

Since then

ozamandan beri

What happened?

ne oldu?
91

So long

eyvallah

What's happening? ; What's up?

ne oluyor?

Sooner or later

er ge

So-so

yle byle

What's wrong with you?

neniz var?

So to say

szde ; sanki

So that

yle ki

What's the matter?

ne kar?

What next?

ya sonra?

Thanks a lot

teekkrler

Why not?

neden olmasn?

Agreed ; OK!

anlatk

Willy nilly

ister istemez

That right

doru ; tamam
92

With a view to

amacyla

That is to say

yani

With no exceptions

ayrksz

That maybe

olabilir

With one accord

oy birlii ile

Then

o zaman ; yleyse

The soonest possible

bir an nce

With your leave

izninizle

You're welcome

bir ey deil

Turkish Time, Seasons, Months, Days,

Weather, Numbers
A Turkish Time Vocabulary

saniye second

an moment

anbean moment-by-moment, gradually

dakika minute

saat (plural: saatler hours) hour

93

gn day

gnbegn day-by-day, gradually

hafta week

ay month [also moon]

yl or sene (arab.) year (you will hear both of these words in general use)

zaman time

vakit [vakti] time as a particular occasion

vakit [vaktim] my time loses final vowel when suffixed with a vowel

defa time (as an event or occasion)

kere time (as an event, occasion or point in time)

kez a point in time

Turkish zaman time

zaman time this word is the main one in use for "time, occasion"

ne zaman? what time?, when?

ka zaman how long?, how much time?

zamandan zamana [zaman-dan zaman-a] from time to time

her zaman all the time, every time, always

her ne zaman whenever

Bo zamanlarnda ne yaparsn? What do you do in your spare time?

Turkish vakit point in time

Bo vaktim yok. I have no spare time.

94

Vaktim yok I haven't got time

Vaktim kalmad. I've no time left.

Turkish kere point in time

kere time, point in time

drt kere four times

bir kere daha once more

sadece bir kere only once

Onu, be kere yaptm I did it five times

Turkish kez point in time

kez is a provincialism used regularly in modern daily speech.

kez three times

her kez always

bu kez this time

ylda iki kez bi-anually

ayda iki kez bi-monthly

haftada bir kez once a week

Telling the time in Turkish
There there are basically four different formats to tell the time.
1. Sentence structure (A):
Saat yedi'yi eyrek geerken gelirim. I will arrive at a quarter past seven.
2. Sentence structure (B):
Saat yedi'yi eyrek gee gelirim.
95

3. Analog form:
Saat yedi eyrekte gelirim.
4. Digital Form:
Saat [7:15] yedi onbete gelirim.
It is # min. to # o'clock. -e var
Saat iki'ye on (dakika) var It is ten (minutes) to two
It is # min. past # o'clock -i geiyor
Saat iki'yi on (dakika) geiyor. It is ten (minutes) past two.
At # min. to # o'clock. -e kala [The time remaining to..]
Saat iki'ye on (dakika) kala. At ten to two.
At the time when...At #min. past # o'clock. -i gee [the time when it is..]
Saat iki'yi on (dakika) gee. At ten past two.
While it is is passing.. -i geiyorken
Saat iki'yi on (dakika) geiyorken. At ten past two.

Telling the time with -ken while.

Ne zaman gelirsin? When will you come?

Saat yedi'yi eyrek geiyorken gelirim. ["iken" form]

Telling the time with -i gee passng.

Saat yedi'yi eyrek gee gelirim ["-i gee" form]

Many turkish learners tend to say: "Saat yedi'yi eyrek geiyor'da gelirim."
which is is INCORRECT and not used.
Turkish Times of the Day

afak dawn
96

kahvalt breakfast

sabah morning

sabahleyin at morning, in the morning

gn day

btn gn all day long

her gn every day

gndz daytime, daylight

le noon

leden sonra afternoon

le yemei lunch

akam evening

akamleyin in the evening, at eventide

akam st teatime, early evening

akam yemei dinner, evening meal

dn yesterday

dn sabah yesterday morning

dn akam yesterday evening

dn gece last night

evvelki gn the day before yesterday

alacakaranlk [alaca-karanlk] twilight

97

gece night

geceleyin in the night, at night

gece yars Lit: night its-half midnight

geen gn the day past, the other day, yesterday

geen ay last month

geen sene/yil last year

geen hafta last week

geenlerde recently (in the past), lately

erken early

ge late

ne zaman when (what time, the time that..)

ay month

cumartesi gecesi Saturday night

ertesi gn the following day

ertesi hafta the following week

evvelki/evvelsi gn the day before yesterday

geceleri at nights

gelecek hafta next week

hafta week

br gn the day after tomorrow

98

br hafta the week after next

leleri at noon times

leyin at noon

pazar sabah Sunday morning

sabahlar in the mornings

son gnlerde in the last few days

son zamanlarda recently

yarn tomorrow

yl/sene year
Turkish How long for?, Since when?
Ne i yaparsnz? What is your job?
Drt yldr retmenim. I have been a teacher for 4 years. [LIT: it is 4 years I am
a teacher.]
ki bin ten beri retmenim. I have been a teacher since 2003. ["-den beri" =
since]
Dnden beri hastaym. I have been ill since yesterday.
Pazar gnnden beri evdeyim. I have been at home since Sunday.
Turkish Stating the Time of an Event

oktan, bile, zaten already, besides

Hl le yemeini yedin mi? Have you eaten your lunch yet?

Ooo, oktan yedim. Oh, I have already eaten/

Yedim bile. I have already eaten.

Sanrm bir eyler yemek istiyor musun? Do you want something to eat.?
99

Bana bir ey getirme. Do not bring me anything.

Ben yedim zaten. Besides, I have already eaten.

yeni, imdi, henz just

Hasan,ltfen banyoya girme. Hasan, please don't go into the bathroom.

Yeni/imdi/henz temizledim. I have just cleaned (it).

Kurumas gerek/lazm. Tamam m? It needs to dry. OK?

Bana 100 lira dn verir misin Aye? Can you lend me 100 Tl Aye?

zgnm.. [or Kusura bakma..] veremem. I am sorry I can't (give).

Daha yeni/imdi faturalar dedim. I have just paid the bills.

daha, henz, hl yet

Daha/henz devini bitirmedin mi? Haven't/have you finished your

homework yet?

Hayr, daha bitirmedim. Henz deil. No, I haven't finished yet. Not yet.

Daha gelmediler. They haven't come yet.

imdiye kadar, u ana kadar So far, up to now, until now.

Bu k imdiye kadar/u ana kadar kar yamad. It has not snowed so far
this winter.

Bugn imdiye kadar/ u ana kadar hibir ey yemedik. We have not

eaten anything so far today.
100

ilk the (very) first

Bu ilk kez araba srm/lk kez araba srdm. This is the first time I
have driven a car.

Bu, son iki saatte itiin beinci kahve. This is the fifth cup of coffee you
have drunk in the last two hours.

Son be saatte iki fincan kahve itin. You have drunk two cups of coffee in
the last five hours.

ilk means the very first one, whereas birinci means the first of a series:

Dnyann ilk insan Adam adl'd The world's first man was called Adam

Birinci yar balamak zeredir. The first race is about to begin.

hayatmda ever in my life

hayatnda, hayatnzda ever in your life [familiar = hayat-n-da / formal =

hayat-nz-da]

onun hayatnda ever in his life [hayat--n-da = in his life]

hayatmzda ever in our life

hayatlarnda ever in their life

Bu hayatmda okuduum en skc kitap. This is the most boring book I

have ever read.

Bu hayatmda iinde bulunduum en zor durum. This is the most

difficult situation I have ever been in.

101

Hayatmda tantm en konukan/geveze insan. He is the most talkative

person I have met in my life.

once, twice, several times.

bir kez, bir defa, bir kere once

iki kez, iki defa, iki kere twice

birok kez, defa, kere several times

hi ever [in positive sentences]

hi never [in negative sentences]

Neredeydin? Where have you been? / Where were you?

Have you ever been to Antalya? Hi Antalya'da bulundun mu?

Have you ever been to Antalya? Hi Antalya'ya gittin mi?

Yes,I have been there once/twice. Evet, bir defa/iki defa/ orada bulundum.

Yes,I have been there many times. Evet, bir ok kere (bir ok kez/ bir ok
defa) oraya gittim.

No, I have not been/never been there. Yo, Antalya'ya hi gitmedim.

No, I have not been/never been there. Yo, Antalya'da hi bulunmadm.

Yo is a gentle conversational way of saying "No". It is not so strong as

using Hayr No
Have you ever been to?
(1) Formal: -de/-da, /-te /-ta bulunmak to be (found) in/on at a place
Hi Ankara' da bulundun mu? Have you ever been to Ankara?
102

(2) Informal: -a/-ya, -e/-ye gitmek to go to a place

Hi Ankara' ya gittin mi? Have you ever been to Ankara
Turkish Months, Seasons and the Weather

Names of the months and weekdays are written without capitals.

January ocak;

February ubat

March mart

April nisan

May - mays

June haziran

July temmuz

August austos

September eyll

October ekim

November kasm

December aralk
Turkish Weekday Names

Sunday pazar, Paz. [LIT: market]

Monday pazartesi, Pzt. [LIT: after Sunday.]

Tuesday sal, Sa.

103

Wednesday aramba, rs. [LIT: 4 days after Sabbath from Persian.]

An idiom: Bu i aramba pazar gibi. This job is a complete mess up. [LIT: This
job is like a Wednesday Market.]

Thursday perembe, Prs. [LIT: 5 days after Sabbath from Persian.]

Friday cuma, Cum. [LIT: reunion related to Persian/Arabic.]

Saturday cumartesi, Cmt. [LIT: after Friday.]

Turkish Seasons of the Year Yl Mevsimi

ilkbahar [also bahar is sometimes used] spring

yaz summer

sonbahar also Old Turkish gz autumn [ENG.] fall [USA.]

k winter
Turkish speeech for in the summer is yazn and in the winter kn. This ending in is an old Instrumental Case which is no longer used much in day to day speaking
other than these examples. For in the spring and in the autumn, the static condition
(Locative) Suffix is used sonbaharda and ilkbaharda. Very often the simple
word bahar can supplant either ilkbahar or sonbahar it depends on the choice of
the speaker.
Turkish Cardinal Points Drt Yn

Kuzey North

Gney South

Dou East

Bati West

104

Turkish Weather hava

berbat

awful

frtna

storm

souk

cold

gne

sun (n.)

scak

hot

gneli

sunny (adj.)

gzel

good, nice

hava scakl

temperature

harika

marvellous

scaklk

heat

yamur

rain (noun.)

derece

degree(s)

yamur
yamak

rain (verb.)

emsiye

umbrella

yamurlu,
yal

rainy (adj.)

lk

warm

kar

snow (n.)

hava

weather

kar yamak

snow (v.)

hava tahmini

weather forecast

kar yal,
karl

snowy (adj.)

hava durumu

weather condition

dolu

hail

rzgar

wind (n.)

hafif

light

yel

wind
105

sert

heavy

poyraz

breeze

durmak

stop (v.)

rzgar esmek

to blow wind (v.)

yldrm

lightning (n.)

rzgarl

windy (adj.)

Turkish Weather Expressions

Ne gzel bir gn! What a lovely day!
Hava yarn nasl olacak? What will the weather be like tomorrow?
Yine gneli, fakat biraz rzgarl. It's sunny again, but a little windy.
Ka derece? What is the temperature?
Hava ok scak. . The weather is very hot.
Neredeyse 31 derece. Nearly 31C (degree Celsius).
Erzurumda kar yaacan dnyor musun? Do you think it will snow in
Erzurum?
Sanmyorum. Kar iin erken. I don't think so. It is early to snow.
Frtna olacan dnyor musun? Do you think there will be a storm?
Sanmyorum. I don't think so.
Ama Ar'da kar yayor. But it is snowing in Ar.
Orada kar ya ne zaman durur? When will it stop snowing up there?
Yaknda durur. It will stop soon.
Yamur mu balayacak? Will it start to rain?
Evet, birazdan yamur balayacak gibi. Yes, looks like rain soon.
emsiyeye ihtiyacm olur mu? Do I need an umbrella?
Sana emsiyeni yanna alman neririm. I suggest you to get your umbrella with
you.
Ne berbat hava! Saat ba deiiyor. What an awful weather! It changes hourly.
Yamur mu yayor? Is it raining?
Evet, yayor. Yes, it is (raining).

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Turkish Cardinal Numbers 0 to 49

sfr 0

on 10

yirmi 20

otuz 30

krk 40

bir 1

on bir 11

yirmi bir 21

otuz bir 31

krk bir 41

iki 2

on iki 12

yirmi iki 22

otuz iki 32

krk iki 42

on u 13

yirmi u 23

otuz u 33

krk u 43

drt 4

on drt 14

yirmi drt 24

otuz drt 34

krk drt 44

be 5

on be 15

yirmi be 25

otuz be 35

krk be 45

alt 6

on alt 16

yirmi alt 26

otuz alt 36

krk alt 46

yedi 7

on yedi 17

yirmi yedi 27

otuz yedi 37

krk yedi 47

sekiz 8

on sekiz 18

yirmi
sekiz 28

otuz sekiz 38

krk sekiz 48

dokuz 9

on
dokuz 19

yirmi
dokuz 29

otuz dokuz39

krk dokuz 49

Turkish Cardinal Numbers

cardinal number
number used to denote quantity; a counting number; a numerical adjective.

Listen to Turkish Cardinal Numbers 1 to 10

107

Turkish Cardinal Numbers 50 to 99

elli 50

altm 60

yetmi 70

seksen 80

doksan 90

elli bir 51

altm bir 61

yetmi
bir 71

seksen
bir 81

doksan bir 91

elli iki 52

altm iki 62

yetmi
iki 72

seksen
iki 82

doksan iki 92

elli u 53

altm u 63

yetmi
u 73

seksen
u 83

doksan u 93

elli
drt 54

altm drt 64

yetmi
drt 74

seksen
drt 84

doksan drt 94

elli
be 55

altm be 65

yetmi
be 75

seksen
be 85

doksan be 95

elli
alt 56

altm alt 66

yetmi
alt 76

seksen
alt 86

doksan alt 96

elli
yedi 57

altm yedi 67

yetmi
yedi 77

seksen
yedi 87

doksan yedi 97

elli
sekiz 58

altm sekiz 68

yetmi
sekiz 78

seksen
sekiz 88

doksan sekiz 98

elli
dokuz 59

altm
dokuz 69

yetmi
dokuz 79

seksen
dokuz 89

doksan dokuz 99

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About Turkish Numbers

yz 100 also means face or reason.

Turkish Cardinal Numbers 100 to 1 million

yz 100

iki bin 2000

oniki
bin 12000

yirmi iki bin 22000

iki yz 200

u bin 3000

onu
bin 13000

yirmi u bin 23000

u yz 300

drt
bin 4000

ondrt
bin 14000

yirmi drt bin 24000

drt yz 400

be bin 5000

onbe
bin 15000

yirm be bin 25000

be yz 500

alt bin 6000

onalt
bin 16000

yirmi alt bin 26000

alt yz 600

yedi
bin 7000

onyedi
bin 17000

yirmi yedi bin 27000

yedi yz 700

sekiz
bin 8000

onsekiz
bin 18000

yirmi sekiz bin 28000

sekiz yz 800

dokuz
bin 9000

ondokuz
bin 19000

otuz bin 30000

dokuz yz 900

on
bn 10000

yirmi
bin 20000

elli bin 50000

109

bin 1000

onbir
bin 11000

yirmi bir
bin 21000

bir milyon 1000000

Cardinal numbers are followed by singular nouns.

iki ev 2 houses
be yz araba 500 cars
krk aa 40 trees

be yz yirmi bin yedi yz elli sekiz 523,758

Which may also be written in official papers and banks without any spaces
as: beyzyirmibinyediyzellisekiz 523,758

In English small general numerical amount is stated by "Two or three.." as

in: two

or three eggs.
Turkish says "three five.." bes yurmurta three (or) five eggs

In Turkish the number krk forty is used to signify an uncountable

amount. Krk ylda bir. Once in forty years. is equivalent to "Once in a blue
moon" in English.

Turkish Ordinal Numbers

ordinal number
A number used to denote position in a sequence. "first, second.."

Turkish Ordinal Numbers

birinci also ilk

first ; 1st

yirmi nc

twenty-third ; 23rd

ikinci

second ; 2nd

otuz drdnc

thirty-fourth ; 34th

nc

third ; 3rd

elli beinci

fifty-fifth ; 55th
110

drdnc

fourth ; 4th

krk altnc

forty-sixth ; 46th

beinci

fifth ; 5th

altm yedinci

sixty-seventh ; 67th

altnc

sixth ; 6th

on sekizinci

eighteenth ; 18th

yedinci

seventh ; 7th

doksan
dokuzuncu

ninety-ninth ; 99th

sekizinci

eighth ; 8th

yznc

hundredth ; 100th

dokuzuncu

ninth ; 9th

bininci

thousandth ; 1000th

onuncu

tenth ; 10th

sfr

zero ; 0

Turkish Fractions and percentage

yarm (noun) half
yarm elma a half an apple
yar (adj.) half yar elma a half apple
elmann yars the apple half
buuk half [an hour, a kilo, a serving]
eyrek quarter of [an hour, a kilo, a serving]
bir one, #1 [And is also the indefinite article a or an]
te iki [-te iki] two-thirds [lit: three-in two] written as 3/2 in Turkish.
yzde yirmibe twenty-five percent [Lit: one hundred-in 25] written as %25 in
Turkish
Turkish Distributive Numbers One each, two each, three each
distribitive number
111

A numerical word that answers "how many each?"

Turkish Distributive Numbers

yarmar

half each

birer

one each

ikier

two each

er

three each

drder

four each

beer

five each

altar

six each

yedier

seven each

sekizer

eight each

dokuzar

nine each

onar

ten each

on birer

eleven each

yirmier

twenty each
112

yirmi beer

twenty-five each

otuzar

thirty each

krkar

forty each

ellier

fifty each

yzer

a hundred each

ikier yz [NOT iki

yzer]

two hundred each

biner

a thousand each

ikier bin [NOT iki biner]

two thousand each

birer milyon [NOT

milyonar NOR bir
milyonar]

a million each

Kzlara ikier elma verin. Give the girls two apples each.
birer birer saymak to count one by one
Paralar ikier ikier saydm. I counted the money n twos.

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