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Formation of Spatials: Turkish Language

This document discusses spatial terms in Turkish. It explains that basic spatial terms like "here", "there", and "over there" are formed by combining demonstrative pronouns like "this", "that", and "yonder" with a suffix meaning "place". Specifically, "here" is formed from "this" and "place" as "bura". "There" and "over there" are formed similarly. These basic spatials can then be extended by adding additional suffixes indicating location, movement from a place, or movement toward a place. Examples are given to illustrate the use of basic and extended spatial terms in Turkish.

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151 views3 pages

Formation of Spatials: Turkish Language

This document discusses spatial terms in Turkish. It explains that basic spatial terms like "here", "there", and "over there" are formed by combining demonstrative pronouns like "this", "that", and "yonder" with a suffix meaning "place". Specifically, "here" is formed from "this" and "place" as "bura". "There" and "over there" are formed similarly. These basic spatials can then be extended by adding additional suffixes indicating location, movement from a place, or movement toward a place. Examples are given to illustrate the use of basic and extended spatial terms in Turkish.

Uploaded by

mteharrik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Turkish Language - Here and there

Formation of SpatialsThe Basic SpatialsExtended Spatials Example


- Basic Spatials

Formation of Spatials
The suffix -re- or -ra- means - place or place of..
For instance - nerede? - means - Where? [Lit: ne-re-de - whatplace-at]
Earlier we learned bu - this - and u - that - and o - that
yonder. Putting these words together with -ra- meaning place
of.. - we form the words:
bura - here - [Lit: this place]
ura - there - [Lit: that place]
ora - that yonder - [Lit: that place over there]
There words are not very often used in this pure form but are
extended to show the place - where... - or - from.. - or - to,
towards - by the addition of a suitable suffix.

The Basic Spatials


Adding the Static Position Suffix (Locative) -de or -da - in, on, at
- we form the basic locations:

The Singular - Specific Place


burada - here [Lit: bu-ra-da - this-place-at]
urada - there
orada - over there
nerede? - where?

The Plurals - Spatially more vague


buralarda - hereabouts, around here
uralarda - thereabouts, around there
oralarda - thereabouts over there, around about over there
nerelerde? - whereabouts?

Extended Spatials

Adding the Movement Away (Ablative) suffix -dan - from or the


Movement Toward (Dative) suffix -a - to, towards - then the
meanings become:

The Singular
buradan - from here
buraya - to here
uradan - from there
uraya - to there
oradan - from there
oraya - to there
nereden? - where from?
nereye? - where to?

And the Plurals - Spatially more vague


buralardan - from hereabouts, from around here
buralara - to hereabouts
uralardan - from thereabouts
uralara - to around there
oralardan - from thereabouts (distant)
oralara - to thereabouts
nerelerden? - from whereabouts?
nerelere? - to whereabouts?
All the various Noun Conditions can be used to extend the
demonstrative pronouns.
bura(s) - here
buray- here (obj.)
buraya - to here
burada - at here
buradan - from here
burann - belonging to here, of here
buralar - hereabouts
bura(s)yla - with this place here
The same is also valid for ura(s), ora(s) and also interrogative
- nere(si)?

Example - Basic Spatials

Buralarda bir gzel restoran var m? - Is there a good


restaurant around here?
Buraya gel! - Come (to) here!
Oradan yeil bir araba geldi. - A green car came from over
there.
urada byk bir otel var. - There is a big hotel there.
Note that ura has a diminutive form urack in general use. The
meaning becomes "just here/there, herabouts" - as an
example:
urackta gazeteyi koyun - Put the newspaper just
there/here
There are similar forms for bura becoming burack and ora
becoming orack. these forms in use, but not as much as the form
urack

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