CBSE Physics Project on Dry Battery Charger. Includes circuit diagram. Ususally class 12th (XII) physics project topic. Just a few changes and the project will be ready or maybe use it as a reference.
Continune the effort and post whatever you make for projects and presentations in school and colleges and help the juniors and mates.
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CBSE Physics Project on Dry Battery Charger. Includes circuit diagram. Ususally class 12th (XII) physics project topic. Just a few changes and the project will be ready or maybe use it as a reference.
Continune the effort and post whatever you make for projects and presentations in school and colleges and help the juniors and mates.
#MOD_for_EDUCATION_SYSYTEM
#MESs
CBSE Physics Project on Dry Battery Charger. Includes circuit diagram. Ususally class 12th (XII) physics project topic. Just a few changes and the project will be ready or maybe use it as a reference.
Continune the effort and post whatever you make for projects and presentations in school and colleges and help the juniors and mates.
#MOD_for_EDUCATION_SYSYTEM
#MESs
CBSE Physics Project on Dry Battery Charger. Includes circuit diagram. Ususally class 12th (XII) physics project topic. Just a few changes and the project will be ready or maybe use it as a reference.
Continune the effort and post whatever you make for projects and presentations in school and colleges and help the juniors and mates.
#MOD_for_EDUCATION_SYSYTEM
#MESs
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DRY
Submitted By: BATTERY CHARGER XII Non-Medical Board Roll No.:
Submitted To:
INDEX 1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.) 6.) 7.) 8.)
Acknowledgement Certificate Aim of the Project Components Theory Ni-Cd Battery Charger Chemical Reactions Circuit Diagram
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to offer my gratitude and indebtedness to my principal _______for providing the best of facilities and environment to bring out our spirit of inquiry and innovation through this venture. I would to thank my teacher _____(H.O.D. PHYSICS) for sincere encouragement, creative guidance, constructive criticism and valuable suggestions during the preparation of the project. I wish to thank my parents for their undivided support which inspired me and encouraged me to go my own way. At last I would like to thank my friends who appreciated me for my work.
CERTIFICATE This is to certify that of XII Non-Medical has submitted project titled Dry Battery Charger along with a working project on the same following all the given instructions and procedures.
AIM OF THE PROJECT
To Create/Assemble a Dry Battery Charger using transformer and diode.
Description: The Step-Down
Transformer transforms 220v AC as input into 6v AC as output. The Diode converts the received 6v AC into DC. The LED along with a 56 resistance connected in parallel indicates the charging of dry battery placed in the holder.
COMPONENTS o Step-Down Transformer (220 -- 6-0-6) o Two Diodes (p-n junction) o Light Emitting Diode (LED) o Two Cells (1.2v each) o Two Ohmic Resistances (56 each) o Mains Cord o Connecting Wires
THEORY The cell is a device by which electrical energy is obtained from the chemical energy stored due to chemical reactions taking place in the cell. The combination of two or more cells is called a battery.
Electrochemical cells are of two types:
1. PRIMARY
CELL: These can be used just once
i.e. once the cell gets discharged it cannot be
charged completely. The most common example is the portable form of Lechlanche Cell, Voltaic cell, Daniel cell. 2. SECONDARY CELL: These cell can be recharge by applying a potential greater than the emf of the battery in the opposite direction i.e. from positive to negative. Examples Acid/Lead Battery (Not dry), Ni-Cd Cell.
Ni-Cd BATTERY CHARGER
The nickel-cadmium battery is a popular type of rechargeable battery for portable electronics and toys using the metals nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) as the active chemicals. They are sometimes used as a replacement for primary cells, being available in many of the same sizes.
Ni-Cd batteries usually have a metal case with a
sealing plate equipped with a self-sealing safety valve. The positive and negative electrode plates, isolated from each other by the separator, are rolled in a spiral shape inside the case.
In the project, two AA size Li-Cd cells as battery
are which is commonly available and can be used in many appliances. This circuit can also recharge common dry cell battery for fewer times at certain level.
Ni-Cd cells have potential of 1.2 V. So Ni-Cd
batteries come in multiple of 1.2v but it maintains constant voltage throughout its service life and about 0.81v when discharged.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS The chemical reactions during discharge are: At the cadmium electrode i.e. Cathode:
Cd ( OH )2 +2 e Cd +2O H
At the nickel electrode i.e. Anode:
( 2 OH )2+2 O H 2 NiO ( OH )+2 H 2 O+ 2e
The net reaction which occurs in a Ni-Cd battery is:
2 NiO ( OH )+Cd +2 H 2 O 2 ( OH )2 +Cd ( OH )2
While charging, reaction take place in the opposite
direction because of the applied potential across the cells.
For the simple dry primary cells as used in
the project, the recharging can be done but the charging is never complete thus the battery is not charged 100%.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Here is a simple and slow charger for better life of small Ni-Cd battery. Charge it for 6-12 hrs using this circuit.
The same can be used for Primary Leclanche Dry Cells for experimental purpose.
Bibliography o Wikipedia.org o Batterystuff.com o Rechargebatteries.org o Images.google.com o Batteryuniversity.com o Circuiteasy.com
