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Anthropogenic ground-level ozone substantially reduces the productivity of tropical forests and so their carbon drawdown, according to ozone susceptibility experiments and dynamic global vegetation modelling.
Large-ensemble simulations suggest that strong regional trends in precipitation and temperature extremes will be common over the next two decades, even under stringent mitigation measures.
Summer snow accumulation and its albedo effect on Arctic sea ice are controlled by the Arctic Oscillation atmospheric circulation pattern, according to a combined modelling and remote sensing analysis.
Mesozoic deformation of the North China Craton occurred via lithospheric thickening followed by thinning and extension triggered by flat-slab subduction and rollback, according to four-dimensional mantle flow models of the plate–mantle system.
Global riverine carbon export to the ocean may exceed previous estimates, underscoring the important role of riverine carbon to the carbon budget, according to a multi-model ensemble assessment constrained by a global dataset.
Quartz emits a piezoelectric charge during deformation that may promote the formation of gold nuggets within veins in orogenic settings that experience earthquakes, according to a study using quartz deformation experiments and piezoelectric modelling.
Arctic–boreal biomes vary regionally in the sensitivity of their fire regime to climate, according to an analysis of properties of individual fires measured by satellite radiometry.
The upwelling mantle beneath Iceland underwent melt depletion at least 1 billion years ago and is therefore compositionally buoyant, according to a study of neodymium and hafnium isotope ratios in peridotites from the Charlie Gibbs Transform Zone.
Enhanced chemical weathering following continental breakup may have driven a succession of Mesozoic oceanic anoxic events, according to tectonic and biogeochemical modelling.
About 6% of the total uptake of carbon dioxide by the ocean is due to rainfall, according to an analysis of satellite observations and ERA5 reanalysis data from 2008 to 2018.
Subtropical and extratropical sea surface temperature changes can explain recent observed Walker circulation strengthening, according to climate model experiments.
Genomes recovered from a Tibetan Plateau ice core extending back 41,000 years show that preserved viral communities varied substantially with cold-to-warm climate cycles.
More than 80% of vegetation burned globally regained its pre-fire level of productivity within 2 years, according to an assessment of post-fire vegetation productivity from 2004 to 2021.
Linear aeolian dunes aligned in the direction of snow drift are widespread across Antarctica, indicating a limited supply of mobile snow particles controlled by snow sintering, according to an analysis of satellite imagery.
Increasing the number of global changes reduces the resistance of ecosystem services worldwide, according to an analysis of global available observational data and field experiments.
Graphitic carbon was hydrothermally cycled through shear zones during late-stage orogenesis associated with Nuna supercontinent assembly, according to a coupled rhenium–osmium and uranium–lead dating study.
Secondary organic aerosols in Beijing are driven by emissions from outside of the city, with seasonally different emission sources, according to molecular chemical characterization of particulate air pollution.
Observations from the Labrador Coast indicate the presence of subsea permafrost landforms outside of the Arctic, suggesting a potential underestimation of subsea permafrost in the world’s oceans.