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Nutrients
Special Issues
Nutritional and Metabolic Changes Affecting Adipose Tissue Biology
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Nutritional and Metabolic Changes Affecting Adipose Tissue Biology

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Obesity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2025 | Viewed by 1394

Special Issue Editors

Dr. David Sánchez-Infantes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Madrid, Spain
Interests: obesity; type 2 diabetes; adipose tissue; inflammation; lipotoxicity; metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Patricia Corrales

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Madrid, Spain
Interests: obesity; ageing; lipotoxicity; metabolism; adipose tissue; pregnancy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An adequate nutritional balance is key to maintaining a healthy metabolic status. Besides obvious genetic predisposition, alterations in lifestyles affect adipose tissue biology, promoting the development of metabolic disorders.

White and brown adipose tissue are recognized as key endocrine organs involved in metabolism. Some research studies have focused on the metabolic alterations in adipose tissue in obesity, but novel research deciphering their role in other processes that require metabolic adaptations is crucial to furthering new therapeutic options.

This Special Issue, titled ‘Nutritional and Metabolic Changes Affecting Adipose Tissue Biology’, aims to provide new insight into the field from the perspective of nutrition and metabolism to promote a healthy status.

Dr. David Sánchez-Infantes
Dr. Patricia Corrales
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • adipose tissue
  • metabolism

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 5065 KiB  
Article
A Mixture of Lactobacillus HY7601 and KY1032 Regulates Energy Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Improves Cholesterol Disposal in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice
by Kippeum Lee, Hyeon-Ji Kim, Joo-Yun Kim, Jae-Jung Shim and Jae-Hwan Lee
Nutrients 2024, 16(15), 2570; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152570 - 5 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1127
Abstract
We aimed to characterize the anti-obesity and anti-atherosclerosis effects of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 using high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese C57BL/6 mice. We divided the mice into control (CON), HFD, HFD with 108 CFU/kg/day probiotics (HFD + KL, HY7301:KY1032 = [...] Read more.
We aimed to characterize the anti-obesity and anti-atherosclerosis effects of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 using high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese C57BL/6 mice. We divided the mice into control (CON), HFD, HFD with 108 CFU/kg/day probiotics (HFD + KL, HY7301:KY1032 = 1:1), and HFD with 109 CFU/kg/day probiotics (HFD + KH, HY7301:KY1032 = 1:1) groups and fed/treated them during 7 weeks. The body mass, brown adipose tissue (BAT), inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) masses and the total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were remarkably lower in probiotic-treated groups than in the HFD group in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of uncoupling protein 1 in the BAT, iWAT, and eWAT was significantly higher in probiotic-treated HFD mice than in the HFD mice, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. We also measured the expression of cholesterol transport genes in the liver and jejunum and found that the expression of those encoding liver-X-receptor α, ATP-binding cassette transporters G5 and G8, and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase were significantly higher in the HFD + KH mice than in the HFD mice. Thus, a Lactobacillus HY7601 and KY1032 mixture with 109 CFU/kg/day concentration can assist with body weight regulation through the management of lipid metabolism and thermogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional and Metabolic Changes Affecting Adipose Tissue Biology)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 on the body and tissue masses of the mice. (<b>A</b>) Body masses of the mice after 7 weeks. (<b>B</b>) Images of brown adipose tissue (BAT), inguinal white adipose tissue (inguinal WAT), and epididymal adipose tissue (epididymal WAT) samples. Masses of the (<b>C</b>) epididymal WAT, (<b>D</b>) inguinal WAT, (<b>E</b>) BAT, (<b>F</b>) livers, and (<b>G</b>) spleens of the mice. (<b>H</b>) Food intake and (<b>I</b>) water intake per unit of body weight. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 12). Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; bc &gt; c &gt; d). CON, control; HFD, HFD-fed obese mice; HFD-KL, 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/kg/day <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY103 plus HFD; HFD-KH, 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/kg/day <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY103 plus HFD.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Histology of adipose tissue depots in each of the mouse groups. (<b>A</b>) Brown adipose tissue (BAT, top), inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT, middle), and epididymal white adipose tissue (bottom), stained with hematoxylin and eosin (scale bar = 50 μm). (<b>B</b>) Number of adipocytes in epididymal WAT and inguinal WAT, determined using ImageJ (version 1.53t). N = 6–8 mice/group. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 12). Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; b &gt; c).</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 on serum lipid and cholesterol-related parameters in HFD-fed mice. Serum concentrations of (<b>A</b>) adiponectin, (<b>B</b>) triglyceride (TG), (<b>C</b>) total cholesterol (T-Chol), (<b>D</b>) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol), (<b>E</b>) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Chol), and (<b>F</b>) blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Data are mean ± SD (n = 12). Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; c).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 on the rectal temperature and serum parameters related to glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice. (<b>A</b>) Core temperature, measured using a thermometer. Serum concentrations of (<b>B</b>) glucose, (<b>C</b>) glycated or glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), (<b>D</b>) creatine kinase (CK), and (<b>E</b>) lactate. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 12). Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; c).</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Adipose sections immunostained for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the various mouse groups. Representative images of (<b>A</b>) BAT and (<b>B</b>) inguinal WAT (bright field, UCP1 (red), DAPI (blue), and merged UCP1 and DAPI).</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 on the expression of key thermogenic proteins in (<b>A</b>) BAT, (<b>B</b>) inguinal WAT, and (<b>C</b>) epididymal WAT. Western blot data for sirtuin 1 (SirT1), UCP1, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (<span class="html-italic">p</span>-AMPK), AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; c).</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 on the circulating concentrations of liver-related enzymes and the liver mRNA expression of the mouse groups. Serum activities of (<b>A</b>) alanine transferase (ALT), (<b>B</b>) aspartate transaminase (AST), and (<b>C</b>) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Expression of the genes encoding (<b>D</b>) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (<span class="html-italic">Hmgcr</span>), (<b>E</b>) sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (<span class="html-italic">Srdbp2</span>), (<b>F</b>) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (<span class="html-italic">PPARa</span>), (<b>G</b>) ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G5 (<span class="html-italic">Abcg5</span>), (<b>H</b>) <span class="html-italic">Agcg8</span>, (<b>I</b>) liver X receptor alpha (<span class="html-italic">LXRb</span>), (<b>J</b>) <span class="html-italic">LXRβ</span>, and (<b>K</b>) cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (<span class="html-italic">Cyp7a1</span>), normalized to that of <span class="html-italic">Gapdh</span>. Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; bc &gt; c).</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>Effects of the <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> HY7601 and KY1032 mixture on cholesterol-metabolism-related parameters in the jejuna of the mouse groups. Expression of genes encoding (<b>A</b>) ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G5 (<span class="html-italic">Abcg5</span>), (<b>B</b>) <span class="html-italic">Agcg8</span>, (<b>C</b>) liver X receptor alpha (<span class="html-italic">LXRα</span>), and (<b>D</b>) NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (<span class="html-italic">Npcl1</span>), normalized to that of <span class="html-italic">Gapdh</span>. Fecal concentrations of (<b>E</b>) bile acids and (<b>F</b>) total cholesterol. Groups accompanied by different letters were significantly different: <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 (a &gt; ab &gt; b &gt; c).</p> Full article ">
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