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Engineering Proceedings

Engineering Proceedings is an open access journal dedicated to publishing findings resulting from conferences, workshops, and similar events, in all areas of engineering. The conference organizers and proceedings editors are responsible for managing the peer-review process and selecting papers for conference proceedings.

Imprint Information Journal Flyer Open Access ISSN: 2673-4591

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Vol. 75

ICAME 2024

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Vol. 73

IECB 2024

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Vol. 72

IECMA 2024

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Vol. 71

ASWEC 2024

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Vol. 70

EEPES 2024

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Vol. 69

WDSA/CCWI 2024

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Latest Articles

7 pages, 504 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Study on Eyewear Design Quality Using the Kano Two-Dimensional Quality Model

by Hsiao-Ni Su

Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074072 - 16 Oct 2024

In the recent consumer market, eyewear has gone beyond the improvement of visual function and is used for the individual style and the symbolization of social standing. Consequently, the aesthetic design of eyewear influences consumer purchasing decisions. Thus, it is necessary to investigate [...] Read more.

In the recent consumer market, eyewear has gone beyond the improvement of visual function and is used for the individual style and the symbolization of social standing. Consequently, the aesthetic design of eyewear influences consumer purchasing decisions. Thus, it is necessary to investigate how eyewear design incorporating elements with aesthetic appeal can enhance the sensory experiences of consumers, thereby intensifying their preference for products and fostering their intent to purchase. Utilizing the Evaluation Grid Method (EGM), the design characteristics of eyewear products in the market were explored to assess how these characteristics affect consumer selections. A quantitative analysis of the key quality attributes in eyewear design was conducted using the Kano Model. The results demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between design attributes and consumer satisfaction, confirming the relevance of the Kano Model’s classification. By providing a multi-dimensional quality, the Kano Model elucidated variations in consumer quality requirements for eyewear design, allowing designers and manufacturers to strategically enhance key product design elements, thus creating items with greater market appeal. The results provide recommendations for the improvement of product design aesthetics to increase visual allure for consumers and strengthen market competitiveness. Full article

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8 pages, 2764 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Deep Learning System for E-Waste Management

by Godfrey Perfectson Oise and Susan Konyeha

Eng. Proc. 2024, 67(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024067066 - 16 Oct 2024

The deep learning system for e-waste management presented in this proposal is a transformative solution designed to address the escalating challenges of garbage collection and management in urban environments. Rapid urbanization has resulted in increased waste generation, necessitating a more intelligent and efficient [...] Read more.

The deep learning system for e-waste management presented in this proposal is a transformative solution designed to address the escalating challenges of garbage collection and management in urban environments. Rapid urbanization has resulted in increased waste generation, necessitating a more intelligent and efficient approach to e-waste collection and disposal. This system integrates cutting-edge technologies, primarily Artificial Intelligence (AI), to improve e-waste management processes, enhance resource utilization, and contribute to the creation of cleaner and more sustainable urban spaces. Urban areas are experiencing unprecedented growth, leading to a surge in the volume of waste generated daily; as such, traditional waste management systems struggle to cope with this influx, resulting in environmental pollution, compromised public health, and inefficient resource utilization. The proposed deep learning model with accuracy of 83% seeks to revolutionize existing practices by leveraging the capabilities of AI. The aim of this research is to develop a sequential neural network using a Keras and TensorFlow image analysis: a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) for e-waste management. The Python programming tool will be used to develop the deep learning model as well as a GUI that will facilitate human–computer interactions. The system will be tested and the result evaluated to assess the functionality and adequacy of the system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Electronic Conference on Processes)

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1135 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Analyzing the Challenges in the Healthcare System of Bangladesh

by Md Ahsanul Habib and Golam Kabir

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076015 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2024

This research aims to comprehensively analyze the influential challenges within the healthcare system of Bangladesh using the DEMATEL–ISM-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology will be used to identify, evaluate, and prioritize challenges that have a [...] Read more.

This research aims to comprehensively analyze the influential challenges within the healthcare system of Bangladesh using the DEMATEL–ISM-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology will be used to identify, evaluate, and prioritize challenges that have a notable impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery in Bangladesh. The ISM methodology will help create hierarchical structures of challenges and explore the interdependencies among different factors. DEMATEL, a robust tool in decision science, will assist in understanding complex relationships among various criteria. Through this approach, this study intends to reveal the interconnections and causal relationships among different challenges, providing a systematic understanding of their impact on the healthcare system. Population growth was found to be the most challenging factor in the healthcare system of Bangladesh. The outcomes of this research are expected to contribute valuable insights to policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and stakeholders involved in the enhancement of the healthcare system in Bangladesh. Full article

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1242 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Analysis of Risks Faced by Chinese Exporters After Entering the International Market

by Denghui Wang, Dustin Unger and Golam Kabir

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076013 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2024

The global consumer goods market is one of the most complex and multi-layered markets, utilizing many supply chain networks daily. Chinese-made exports comprise roughly 35% of the global consumer market, and this figure is only likely to continue increasing given China’s advanced manufacturing [...] Read more.

The global consumer goods market is one of the most complex and multi-layered markets, utilizing many supply chain networks daily. Chinese-made exports comprise roughly 35% of the global consumer market, and this figure is only likely to continue increasing given China’s advanced manufacturing and technical abilities. This study develops the framework to analyze the risks of Chinese manufacturers exporting their products to the international markets and ultimately categorize each identified risk factor. Moreover, the Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) is employed to establish a hierarchical relationship between the risk factors, whereas the MICMAC method is used to analyze the categorical nature of each risk factor. Of the nine risk factors identified, two (New Competitors, War and Geopolitical Conflicts) resulted in the highest “V” risk rating, while one (Consumer Behavior) of the nine risk factors identified represented the lowest level “I” of risk. Prospective Chinese manufacturers that are looking to export consumer goods can use this research to aid in mitigating certain risk factors associated with entering the international market. Full article

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7 pages, 228 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Barriers to the Adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Construction Projects in South Africa

by Opeoluwa Akinradewo, Clinton Aigbavboa, Chijioke Emere, David Ojimaojo Ebiloma, Olushola Akinshipe and Ayodeji Oke

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076012 - 16 Oct 2024

At inception, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were mostly used for military purposes; however, in today’s technology-driven world, they are used for many more applications. In construction, UAVs can be used for pre-planning, proper surveying of the given area, checking or inspecting safety, 3D [...] Read more.

At inception, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were mostly used for military purposes; however, in today’s technology-driven world, they are used for many more applications. In construction, UAVs can be used for pre-planning, proper surveying of the given area, checking or inspecting safety, 3D printing, quality monitoring and other related objectives. Even though UAVs’ features and capabilities have been highlighted in various prominent studies, they are not being adopted efficiently in the construction industry, necessitating this study. A quantitative research approach was adopted to achieve the set objective of this study. Data were retrieved using a questionnaire survey distributed to construction professionals randomly in the South African construction industry. The retrieved data were analysed using descriptive and inferential data analysis methods. The findings from the analysis revealed that two significant clusters of barriers to adopting UAVs in the construction industry are related to technicalities and security factors. It was concluded that there is a long way to go in adopting UAVs in the construction industry. This study recommended that construction stakeholders take necessary measures to mitigate the identified barriers. This will assist the industry in improving its efficiency and performance. Full article

8 pages, 1077 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Industrial Metabolism MFA Model Applied in a Startup in Canada

by Jorge Hernán Torres-Berrío and Miguel Ángel Ospina Usaquén

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076011 - 16 Oct 2024

Industrial metabolism is a recent field of research in engineering and sustainability. Its practical objective is to provide structural solutions to organizations and regulate the productive, ecological, and economic system. Due to being a relatively new topic and without a known pattern, the [...] Read more.

Industrial metabolism is a recent field of research in engineering and sustainability. Its practical objective is to provide structural solutions to organizations and regulate the productive, ecological, and economic system. Due to being a relatively new topic and without a known pattern, the present research adapts the 4R (resources) urban metabolism MFA model developed at ETH in Switzerland by Professor Peter Baccini and applies it to a Canadian food startup (Missfresh). Within the adjusted model, clean production tools, circularity plans, ecological design, inventory flow analysis, and the four general study variables (materials, infrastructure, impacts, and standards) were used for solutions within the company. This research seeks two academic results: the metabolic map (static–dynamic animation) that describes the behavior of the company during a period of time, and the industrial metabolism model adapted and validated for subsequent applications. In practical results, the impacts of the model in the 3Es of sustainability in the industry and the sector are evaluated: ecology, ergonomics, and economy. This research is conducted within the framework of an internship to obtain a master’s degree in Sustainable Development and Environment at the University of Montreal. Full article

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10 pages, 937 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Sustainable Approach to Waste Management: Selecting the Optimal Landfill Site in Saskatchewan, Canada

by Md. Shahariar Ahmed, Sheikh Md Shahadat Kabir, Anica Tasnim, Arafat Sultan Khan, Kabita Bhowmik and Golam Kabir

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076010 - 16 Oct 2024

Solid waste management is a crucial task for municipalities in disposing of city waste. Overcoming socioeconomic obstacles in finding appropriate landfill sites involves a multifunctional team using a process that includes selecting criteria and alternatives. In this study, the FUZZY Analytical Hierarchy Process [...] Read more.

Solid waste management is a crucial task for municipalities in disposing of city waste. Overcoming socioeconomic obstacles in finding appropriate landfill sites involves a multifunctional team using a process that includes selecting criteria and alternatives. In this study, the FUZZY Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and FUZZY TOPSIS were used to rank five landfill alternatives based on seven criteria. Additionally, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was employed to establish hierarchical relationships between criteria. MICMAC analysis identified dominant and dependent factors. The study found that Land Capacity carries the highest weight, and the Central Landfill site is the most suitable location. Land Capacity is the dominant factor, while land surface temperature has minimal impact. Roads and communication networks have the highest driving power. The project’s findings can guide the selection of landfill sites and contribute to the development of new sites based on the criteria discussed and their relationships. Full article

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11 pages, 1024 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Preoperative and Postoperative Factors Associated with 30-Day Postoperative Emergency Room Visit for Bariatric Patients in the United States: A Systematic Review of the Literature

by Pawan Bhandari, M. Affan Badar, Christopher Kluse and Suhansa (Sue) Rodchua

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076009 - 16 Oct 2024

This literature review explores 30-day emergency room (ER) visits for patients who go through bariatric surgery, an elective surgical procedure. The study delves into obesity and bariatric surgery trends and factors in 30-day postoperative ER visits for bariatric patients, utilizing PubMed and SCOPUS [...] Read more.

This literature review explores 30-day emergency room (ER) visits for patients who go through bariatric surgery, an elective surgical procedure. The study delves into obesity and bariatric surgery trends and factors in 30-day postoperative ER visits for bariatric patients, utilizing PubMed and SCOPUS databases. While most published peer-reviewed articles cover a mix of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors, almost no articles focus solely on preoperative factors impacting 30-day postop ER visits. This study contributes to the field in the way that it synthesizes and narrows down preoperative factors in one place and provides recommendations emphasizing these preemptive measures to optimize the healthcare system in the US for the patient population undergoing bariatric procedures. In the future, a model can be developed solely considering the preoperative factors to predict and minimize the possibility of 30-day postop ER visits, which can help reduce cost. Full article

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4 pages, 743 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Inclusion of Water Age in Conjunctive Optimal Operation of Water and Power Grids

by Tomer Shmaya and Avi Ostfeld

Eng. Proc. 2024, 69(1), 196; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024069196 - 15 Oct 2024

Water distribution systems (WDSs) are critical infrastructure systems designed to safely supply water to consumers. As complex systems, they require constant operational decision-making, which is often the result of an optimization process. WDSs require power for pumping and the operation of water treatment [...] Read more.

Water distribution systems (WDSs) are critical infrastructure systems designed to safely supply water to consumers. As complex systems, they require constant operational decision-making, which is often the result of an optimization process. WDSs require power for pumping and the operation of water treatment facilities. Power is supplied through power grids (PGs)—essential infrastructure which must be strategically operated as well, under constraints. This work is focused on the effects of PG operation on water quality, which is a major operational challenge of WDSs. The inclusion of the PG as part of the WDS optimal operation problem has the potential of influencing flow directions in the WDS, which in turn affects water quality. In this work, a model for the optimal operation of water and power networks is constructed, including water age considerations. The model is applied to a simple case study, containing a small WDS connected to a small PG. The results demonstrate the effect of PG operation on water quality. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Joint Conference on Water Distribution Systems Analysis & Computing and Control for the Water Industry (WDSA/CCWI 2024))

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5 pages, 1521 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Raw Water Main Flow Conditioning to Manage Material Load and Treatment Capacity

by Stewart Husband, Neil Walkington-Mayo and Joby Boxall

Eng. Proc. 2024, 69(1), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024069193 - 15 Oct 2024

A water treatment works in the UK endured elevated inlet turbidity and iron concentrations following increased demands in the raw water supply main, reducing its capacity by blocking filters that required costly extra cleaning. Adding flow and turbidity monitoring allowed novel raw water [...] Read more.

A water treatment works in the UK endured elevated inlet turbidity and iron concentrations following increased demands in the raw water supply main, reducing its capacity by blocking filters that required costly extra cleaning. Adding flow and turbidity monitoring allowed novel raw water main variable condition discolouration model (VCDM) simulations to track the accumulation and mobilisation behaviour, showing the full 18.7 km contributing material and risk returning in only 2 months, helping explain the multiple annual events. The utility is now applying operational efficient flow conditioning, developed here using the VCDM, to manage risks and capacity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Joint Conference on Water Distribution Systems Analysis & Computing and Control for the Water Industry (WDSA/CCWI 2024))

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5 pages, 1006 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Identifying Hydraulic Conditions for Discolouration Material Accumulation

by Reinar Lokk, Joby Boxall and Stewart Husband

Eng. Proc. 2024, 69(1), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024069190 - 15 Oct 2024

Understanding the interactions between hydraulic conditions and the accumulation of discolouration material in drinking water distribution systems is crucial to help identify risk locations and inform effective maintenance. With two accumulation processes now acknowledged and the known range in size and characteristics of [...] Read more.

Understanding the interactions between hydraulic conditions and the accumulation of discolouration material in drinking water distribution systems is crucial to help identify risk locations and inform effective maintenance. With two accumulation processes now acknowledged and the known range in size and characteristics of discolouration material, this is not a trivial challenge. A full-scale pipe loop system, adapted for precise flow control and with multiple turbidity monitors, was dosed with discolouration material collected from operational networks. By tracking changes in bulk water material loading, this study indicates that at above 1.25 L/s (0.25 m/s, Re 15,000, 0.213 N/m²), a change in accumulation behaviour occurs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Joint Conference on Water Distribution Systems Analysis & Computing and Control for the Water Industry (WDSA/CCWI 2024))

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9 pages, 1346 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

From Grinding to Green Energy: Pursuit of Net-Zero Emissions in Cement Production

by Md. Shahariar Ahmed, Anica Tasnim and Golam Kabir

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076008 - 15 Oct 2024

In an age of heightened environmental awareness and the pressing need for net-zero emissions, concerns over rising energy consumption in cement production, responsible for 5–8% of global CO₂ emissions, have intensified. This paper proposes a novel pioneering framework that integrates Shannon’s entropy [...] Read more.

In an age of heightened environmental awareness and the pressing need for net-zero emissions, concerns over rising energy consumption in cement production, responsible for 5–8% of global CO₂ emissions, have intensified. This paper proposes a novel pioneering framework that integrates Shannon’s entropy and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods to steer the cement industry towards sustainability and net-zero emissions. Utilizing Shannon’s entropy, the research impartially determines the significance of multiple criteria, reducing biases in decision-making for energy efficiency in cement production. Four MCDM methods (TOPSIS, VIKOR, ELECTRE, WSM) are applied to rank energy efficiency alternatives, providing a nuanced analysis of options for the cement industry. The study integrates sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of MCDM methods under varying conditions, assessing the impact of changes in criteria weights on the ranking of energy efficiency alternatives and showcasing the adaptability of the proposed framework. Examining six diverse scenarios reveals the framework’s adaptability and the versatility of the Horizontal Roller Mill (HRM), with the Vertical Roller Mill (VRM) emerging as a cost-effective emission reduction alternative. This interdisciplinary approach, integrating information theory, decision science, and environmental engineering, extends beyond industry relevance, providing valuable insights aligned with global sustainability goals. Harmonizing economic viability with ecological responsibility, this report offers an instructive guide, propelling the cement industry toward a more sustainable future. Full article

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6 pages, 1162 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Public Acceptability of Solar Energy Implementation in Mexico

by Ana Sofia Andrade-Arias, Golam Kabir, Armando Elizondo-Noriega and Mehdi Mirmohammadsadeghi

Eng. Proc. 2024, 73(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076007 - 15 Oct 2024

This study identifies barriers hindering solar energy projects in Mexico and explores factors influencing public acceptance. Utilizing latent variables, the research reveals a correlation between low solar energy acceptance and government disinterest. Younger age and higher education levels positively correlate with greater support [...] Read more.

This study identifies barriers hindering solar energy projects in Mexico and explores factors influencing public acceptance. Utilizing latent variables, the research reveals a correlation between low solar energy acceptance and government disinterest. Younger age and higher education levels positively correlate with greater support for environmental conservation and solar projects. Such results emphasize the need for proactive strategies by policymakers, project developers, and other stakeholders in Mexico. Similarly, this study reveals the perception of the participants regarding government’s pivotal role in providing financial incentives and promoting solar initiatives to enhance public trust and acceptance of solar energy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Electronic Conference on Biosensors)

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9 pages, 937 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Integrating 3D Printing into Traditional Construction Supply Chains: A Systematic Review of Challenges, Benefits and Framework Proposals

by Shahanaj Sultana, Sharfuddin Ahmed Khan and Mohammad Abu Hasan Khondoker

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076006 - 15 Oct 2024

The purpose of this study is to highlight the existing challenges encountered by traditional construction supply chains and the potential advantages that 3D printing can offer to overcome these challenges. A systematic review was conducted, which revealed a total of eleven (11) obstacles [...] Read more.

The purpose of this study is to highlight the existing challenges encountered by traditional construction supply chains and the potential advantages that 3D printing can offer to overcome these challenges. A systematic review was conducted, which revealed a total of eleven (11) obstacles concerning material, cost, and environment. Moreover, eight (8) benefits of 3D printing were identified from various sources in the literature. Furthermore, a framework based on the literature has been proposed to demonstrate how these challenges, functions and benefits can interact with each other in the supply chain. The aim is to explore their impact on each other. Full article

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8 pages, 1822 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Improving Internal Combustion Engine Performance through Inlet Valve Geometry and Spray Angle Optimization: Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

by Muhammad Ahsan and Mian Noman

Eng. Proc. 2024, 72(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024072006 - 15 Oct 2024

This study aimed to calculate the impact of inlet valve geometry and spray angle on the performance of internal combustion engines using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. CFD analysis was performed to explore the fuel flow dynamics within a combustion chamber at critical [...] Read more.

This study aimed to calculate the impact of inlet valve geometry and spray angle on the performance of internal combustion engines using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. CFD analysis was performed to explore the fuel flow dynamics within a combustion chamber at critical stages, considering factors such as swirl and tumble. This study investigated the role of the intake port’s geometry and spray angles in creating squish and swirl, which is crucial for enhancing combustion efficiency and overall engine performance. The analysis employed the Finite Volume Method (FVM), solved within ANSYS Fluent 2021 software, utilizing the standard k-ε turbulence model. Design Modeler was used for the geometry design and ANSYS Fluent facilitated the CFD analysis of the injection. Four distinct cases were explored to assess engine performance across various designs, examining parameters such as pressure, temperature, and velocity. These performance parameters were evaluated against the existing literature, enabling the identification of optimal configurations. This study identified optimal performance parameters based on the existing literature. The best design was further validated against existing designs under identical boundary conditions. This research demonstrates improved engine performance across all parameters compared to existing values in the literature. This suggests the efficacy of the proposed inlet valve geometry and spray angle configurations in increasing internal combustion engine efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Machines and Applications)

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8 pages, 208 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Meta-Analysis of Adopters and Non-Adopters of Rooftop Photovoltaics in Indonesian Households

by Bertha Maya Sopha and Sholeh Ma’mun

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076005 - 15 Oct 2024

Although the Indonesian government has conducted various interventions to escalate the uptake of rooftop PV in Indonesian households, adoption has still been sluggish. Few studies have been conducted to explore the issue, and these studies are scattered. The paper aims to assess generalizations [...] Read more.

Although the Indonesian government has conducted various interventions to escalate the uptake of rooftop PV in Indonesian households, adoption has still been sluggish. Few studies have been conducted to explore the issue, and these studies are scattered. The paper aims to assess generalizations of the previous studies regarding adopters’ and non-adopters’ characteristics of Indonesian households and their perceptions of rooftop PV attributes using meta-analysis. The findings show that statistically significant differences between the two studies in terms of socio-demographic factors, problem awareness, innovativeness, and perceived qualities of rooftop photovoltaics exist. Despite the differences, the adopters of both studies perceived equally that using renewable energy was important, that rooftop photovoltaics were environmentally friendly, and that they were generally aware of environmental problems. It appears that the non-adopters sample drawn from stratified random sampling demonstrates a similar distribution specified by Diffusion of Innovation. Furthermore, the non-adopters in the two research show a comparable belief regarding the significance of putting renewable energy into practice. Due to inconclusive patterns, an empirical investigation that sufficiently represents both the rooftop PV adopters and non-adopters in Indonesian households is suggested. Other potential future research are also discussed. Full article

8 pages, 1012 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Fuzzy Logic Approach to Circular Economy Maturity Assessment of Manufacturing Companies

by Dennis Kreutzer, Esther Borowski and Ingrid Isenhardt

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076004 - 15 Oct 2024

The transition from linear to circular value creation is leading to a fundamental transformation in all areas of manufacturing organisations. Maturity models are used to analyse and support the transformation, but these have deficiencies regarding holism and the ability to process fuzziness. To [...] Read more.

The transition from linear to circular value creation is leading to a fundamental transformation in all areas of manufacturing organisations. Maturity models are used to analyse and support the transformation, but these have deficiencies regarding holism and the ability to process fuzziness. To address these deficiencies, a holistic Fuzzy Logic approach to Circular Economy maturity assessment is proposed. Circular Economy maturity indicators are processed in a multi-stage fuzzy system. This allows for the identification of potential for change in all areas of the organisation to derive actions to improve the organisation’s circularity. Full article

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8 pages, 212 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Constructing Cyber Resilience: A Focus on Cybersecurity Measures in the South African Construction Sector

by Seyi Stephen, Clinton Aigbavboa, Ayodeji Oke, Opeoluwa Akinradewo and Ayobami Idowu

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076003 - 15 Oct 2024

In addressing the challenges of cyber threats in the South African construction sector, the study employed a quantitative methodology involving a questionnaire retrieved from 86 of the study’s respondents. It employed tools like mean item score (MIS), standard deviation (SD), and the pattern [...] Read more.

In addressing the challenges of cyber threats in the South African construction sector, the study employed a quantitative methodology involving a questionnaire retrieved from 86 of the study’s respondents. It employed tools like mean item score (MIS), standard deviation (SD), and the pattern matrix of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The findings revealed critical cybersecurity measures, including adherence to international information security standards such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), ISO 27001, or the Cybersecurity Framework by NIST, two-factor authentication, and strategic planning. The implications of these findings underscore the importance of robust cybersecurity frameworks and heightened awareness. This research contributes insights for enhancing cyber resilience in the construction industry, urging stakeholders to prioritize protective measures against cyber risks. Full article

8 pages, 222 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Diverse Approaches to Construction and Demolition Waste Reuse: A Case of South Africa

by Kenneth Otasowie, Clinton Aigbavboa, Ayodeji Oke, Peter Adekunle and Emmanuel Ayorinde

Eng. Proc. 2024, 76(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024076002 - 15 Oct 2024

Construction and demolition waste management through the reuse of materials has drawn a considerable amount of attention in recent years. Hence, this study examines the diverse approaches to construction and demolition waste reuse in South Africa. Surveying 122 construction professionals, 87 responses were [...] Read more.

Construction and demolition waste management through the reuse of materials has drawn a considerable amount of attention in recent years. Hence, this study examines the diverse approaches to construction and demolition waste reuse in South Africa. Surveying 122 construction professionals, 87 responses were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results show that manufacturing the road base pavement layer from reclaimed asphalt, manufacturing furniture from used timber, using recycled plastic to manufacture plastic strips for soil embankments, and manufacturing fibreglass insulation from recycled glass are the most adopted and significant approaches to construction and demolition waste reuse in South Africa. By embracing these approaches, the construction industry can transition towards more sustainable and resource-efficient practices, thereby minimising waste generation, conserving natural resources, and mitigating environmental impacts. Full article

5 pages, 874 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Simulation of a Case-Study Intermittent Water Distribution Network by Using the Storm Water Management Model

by Aurora Gullotta and Alberto Campisano

Eng. Proc. 2024, 69(1), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024069192 - 14 Oct 2024

An EPA-SWMM model was used for the simulation of the intermittent water distribution system (WDS) of a small municipality in southern Italy. The model was compared with field data collected during an experimental campaign carried out in the intermittent WDS. The whole cycle [...] Read more.

An EPA-SWMM model was used for the simulation of the intermittent water distribution system (WDS) of a small municipality in southern Italy. The model was compared with field data collected during an experimental campaign carried out in the intermittent WDS. The whole cycle of operation of the WDS was simulated, including the filling, distribution and emptying phases of the intermittent network. The modelling also included water leakages and private tanks that are normally interposed between network pipes and end users. Comparison of model results and experimental observations concerned water levels at the reservoirs and pressures at specific nodes of the WDS during some days of the experiments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Joint Conference on Water Distribution Systems Analysis & Computing and Control for the Water Industry (WDSA/CCWI 2024))

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