Reconnection

In general, trauma is often a threat to life when it involves physical harm. However, an overwhelming feeling can also be traumatic. Recovery, on the other hand, is the process in which characters manage to restore their life back to normal. The main focus of this study is to examine the types of trauma and the stages of recovery that characters in the selected novel go through by using Judith Herman's concepts of Trauma and Recovery. The main concept of Trauma that will be analysed in this study is child abuse while the stages of recovery to be discussed include reconnection and the dialectic of continued trauma. The study examines these issues in the narrative of Daughters Who Walk This Path, written by Yejide Kilanko. This novel depicts ill-fated events that eventually lead to the characters' traumatic experience and later the recuperation that the characters go through. Daughters Who Walk This Path portrays how a traumatised rape victim manages to move on with life after that torture. The book portrays how the traumatised characters managed to recover from their dark past in order to live a normal life. INTRODUCTION The novel, Daughters Who Walk This Path, depicts ill-fated events that eventually lead to the traumatic experiences and later recuperation that the characters go through. Trauma has been depicted as an experience whereby the victim goes through a series of ill-fated events (Caruth 1996). As portrayed in the novel, trauma was shown in the form of child abuse. In the novel, Child abuse was in the form of rape that happened to two school-going children. These two children were left under the care of people their parents had trusted. In order to recuperate from a trauma, the victims must come to terms with the issues which are actually not allowing them to move toward the future. The only way for the victims to have a better future is by working through the residual effects of their traumatic experiences (Schick 37-55). Both the rape victims in Daughters Who Walk This Path had to undergo the stages of recovery in order to restart normal life. They had to come to terms with their attacks and attackers as a way for them to move forward. The stages of recovery that these two characters underwent were those proposed by Herman in his concept of Trauma and Recovery. Generally, African texts have been discussed from a Post-Colonial theoretical perspective. The main focus of Post-Colonial literature's transcultural memory is its colonial past, which can portray important insights into life during that time. Although many of important events that took place and circumstances that existed during the colonial age have been related in Post-Colonial literature, not many themes have emerged depicting the lives of African slaves, although slavery has been a major theme portraying the physical and mental traumatization that the slaves were subjected to by their colonizers (Eckstein 2006) As for the novel used in this study, no prior studies were found to have been done on this book. However, many genres have been discussed using trauma theory in the African context. This study will analyse the novel Daughters Who Walk This Path by using Judith Herman's (1992) Trauma and Recovery concept. The Trauma: Child Abuse

This article examines the reactivation of dormant ties in Japan and the United States. Using the institutional approach to culture developed by Yamagishi et al., it is hypothesized that respondents living in Japan will be less likely to reconnect with dormant ties when prompted than respondents living in the United States. It is further hypothesized that interaction with kin and work ties will help to explain lower levels of reconnection in Japan than in the United States. To examine these hypotheses, we developed a field experiment in which 95 adults living in Japan and 68 adults living in the United States were prompted by a smartphone application to reconnect with dormant ties. The results of this study show strong support for the hypothesis that respondents living in Japan are less likely to reconnect with dormant ties than respondents living in the United States when prompted. There is also mixed support for the hypothesis that interaction with kin and work ties helps to explain lower levels of reconnection in Japan than in the United States.

In recent years, the development of 3G/4G networks
makes people pay more attention to the traffic
accounting in data-based charging cellular networks.
Although this charging system has been worked
many years and updated frequently, we find that
there are still some points which can be improved.
First, we measure the traffic in poor signal between
end devices and base station by different operators,
discovering some billing loopholes and overcharge.
Our experiment shows the overcharge can be 28.4%
of the data we want. Then, we analyze the traffic
through phones in one extreme case, and detect that
the retransmission only take place no more than
10% of the whole traffic. While, the reconnection
volume can be three times by the goodput. At the
end, we propose feasible solutions and discuss
possible future directions.