RSD

Thirty-three samples of construction and demolition waste collected at 11 recycling facilities in Denmark were characterised in terms of total content and leaching of inorganic elements and presence of the persistent organic pollutants PCBs and PAHs. Samples included (i) "clean" (i.e. unmixed) concrete waste, (ii) mixed masonry and concrete, (iii) asphalt and (iv) freshly cast concrete cores; both old and newly generated construction and demolition waste was included. PCBs and PAHs were detected in all samples, generally in non-critical concentrations. Overall, PAHs were comparable to background levels in urban environments. "Old" and "new" concrete samples indicated different PCB congener profiles and the presence of PCB even in new concrete suggested that background levels in raw materials may be an issue. Significant variability in total content of trace elements, even more pronounced for leaching, was observed indicating that the number of analysed ...

Las redes sociales digitales son un fenómeno global y creciente, que permiten la comunicación entre personas de una manera impensable hace algunos años. Éstas están siendo usadas por las empresas como herramienta de marketing por la facilidad y economía que representa en aspectos como la comunicación, la gestión de información comercial y la relación con el cliente. La finalidad de éste trabajo es proponer un modelo de Branding través de las redes sociales. El modelo propuesto cómo estrategia de marketing, sugiere una ventaja competitiva y benéfica para la empresa. Introducción Internet y los cambios tecnológicos han transformado el mundo en las últimas décadas. La forma en que se comunican las personas ha cambiado. La aparición de redes sociales digitales (RSD) en Internet ha permitido que las personas puedan comunicarse de otra forma utilizando las nuevas tecnologías, generando relaciones que posibilitan la interacción constante e inmediata. La relevancia de las RSD en la vida moderna se ha visto reflejada en diferentes entornos, tales como su uso y eficacia en campañas políticas en diferentes países, la utilización para la comunicación entre personas tras catástrofes naturales de grandes dimensiones, o el uso que algunas empresas están haciendo de ellas para lograr un vínculo de comunicación directo con sus clientes. Las RSD se han convertido en la actualidad en un fenómeno que impacta el día a día de la vida de millones de personas en el mundo. Comunidades virtuales como Facebook han alcanzado dimensiones insospechadas hace algunos años, logrando a los seis años de su fundación una masa de 400 millones de usuarios, siendo en la actualidad la segunda página más visitada en Internet y con un valor de mercado de 15 billones de dólares [1].

Abstrak Variabel standar sebagai acuan pada proses pemilihan mahasiswa lulusan terbaik dalam suatu instansi biasanya sudah disediakan, tetapi dalam prakteknya selain variabel yang digunakan masih mengambang, belum dibedakannya antara variabel primer dan sekunder, serta pembobotan variabel yang masih setara/flat. Hal ini menyebabkan penentuan mahasiswa lulusan terbaik masih terasa sepihak dan belum optimal. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini dirumuskan permasalahan mengenai bagaimana mengimplementasikan metode FMADM (SAW) berdasarkan 6 kriteria penilaian (jenis mahasiswa, ketepatan lulusan, ipk, usia, prestasi akademik, prestasi non akademik) pada proses pemilihan lulusan terbaik yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model sistem rekomendasi, sehingga nantinya diharapkan model yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam penentuan lulusan terbaik. Berdasarkan data yang telah diujikan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem dapat berfungsi dengan baik serta dapat menghasilkan perangkingan yang diurutkan berdasarkan nilai tertinggi. Kesesuaian antara metode universitas dan sistem dengan FMADM (SAW) memiliki tingkat kesesuaian 100%. Sedang berdasarkan hasil pengujian menggunakan RSD diperoleh nilai sebesar 15.02%.

Abstract The standard variable as a reference in the process of selecting the best graduate students in an institution is usually provided, but in practice other than the variables used are still floating, there is no differentiation between the primary and secondary variables, as well as the equivalent / flat variable weighting. This causes the determination of the best graduate students still feels unilateral and not optimal. So that in this study formulated problems regarding how to implement the FMADM (SAW) method based on 6 assessment criteria (types of students, graduate accuracy, IPK, age, academic achievement, non-academic achievements) in the process of selecting the best graduates aimed at producing a recommendation system model so that later it is expected that the resulting model can be used as a tool in determining the best graduates. Based on the data that has been tested, it can be concluded that the system can function properly and can produce a ranking sorted by the highest value. Conformity between university methods and systems with FMADM (SAW) has a 100% conformity level. While based on the test results using RSD obtained a value of 15.02%.

La Ley de Reconocimiento y Protección al Refugiado N° 26.165, sancionada en el año 2006, constituyó sin dudas un hito fundamental en materia de protección de personas refugiadas en Argentina. Asimismo, en los años que siguieron se sucedieron importantes avances que implicaron un fortalecimiento del sistema de asilo en el país. Sin perjuicio de ello, aún existen algunos desafíos para alcanzar el máximo nivel de cumplimiento de los estándares de protección y garantizar adecuadamente el derecho a buscar y recibir asilo.
Es por ello que nos proponemos dar cuenta de los avances más importantes que se produjeron en materia de protección de personas refugiadas en Argentina, así como también de algunos problemas que se encuentran pendientes de solución desde hace muchos años y los principales desafíos que se presentan en la actualidad.
Asimismo, nos referiremos a los cambios más relevantes que se produjeron en los últimos años -a nivel político, institucional, normativo y en las prácticas administrativas- y podrían afectar a las personas que buscan protección internacional como refugiadas en nuestro país. En este sentido, nos referiremos a las recientes modificaciones en materia de política migratoria, que han sido objeto de serios cuestionamientos, a algunos cambios vinculados directamente al procedimiento de asilo y al actual desafío de responder a la afluencia de personas forzadas a salir de su país de origen debido a graves crisis humanitarias.

Brain neuronal dysfunction has been implicated in pathogenesis of migraine but direct evidence is lacking. Scintillating scotoma of migraine is generally believed to originate at the visual cortex. While cortical spreading depression is a relatively late physiological alteration in migraine, its protective role in neuronal ischaemia is increasingly being recognized. Atenolol, nadolol, or verapamil prevent migraine but do not readily cross the blood–brain barrier or critically influence any brain or peripheral neuronal function. Typical migraine headache, aura, or scintillating scotoma has not been reported following enucleation or evisceration of the eye. In humans, pain and temperature fibres from only the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve reach the upper cervical spinal segments. Pain in migraine attacks including occipital and nuchal discomfort reflects selective involvement of the ophthalmic nerve. Photophobia is largely a retinal reflex involving the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Key clinical features of the migrainous scintillating scotoma are consistent with retinal origin. Spreading depression in the retina is well-established. A subtle regional ocular sympathetic deficit prevails in migraine patients and possibly impairs regulation of intraocular choroidal blood volume and intraocular pressure. Several first-line migraine prophylactic agents lower the intraocular pressure. The neuro-ophthalmological basis for a monocular origin of migrainous scintillating scotomata due to mechanical deformation of the posterior segment of the corneo-scleral envelope consequent to choroidal venous congestion and rise in intraocular pressure is presented. Study of distribution and displaceability of the migrainous scintillating scotoma can settle its site of origin. Headache of migraine possibly arises from a similar mechanical deformation of the anterior eye segment followed by antidromic discharge in the trigeminovascular system. Lateralizing negative deficits such as homonymous hemianopia probably reflect vasospastic complications of migraine. A rational explanation for the most characteristic clinical features of migraine and a new template to elucidate the pharmacological basis of anti-migraine drugs is offered.

Two methods for determining fuel contamination in groundwaters are compared. The first is based on headspace extraction, while the other utilizes purge and trap. Analyses, in both cases, are made by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection, with benzene, toluene, and xylene isomers as monitoring agents for fuel leaks. When compared, results show satisfactory agreement if we take into account the high

Advances in metabolic engineering are enabling the creation of a large number of cell factories. However, high-throughput platforms do not yet exist for rapidly analyzing the metabolic network of the engineered cells. To fill the gap, we developed an integrated solution for fluxome profiling of large sets of biological systems and conditions. This platform combines a robotic system for (13)C-labelling experiments and sampling of labelled material with NMR-based isotopic fingerprinting and automated data interpretation. As a proof-of-concept, this workflow was applied to discriminate between Escherichia coli mutants with gradual expression of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Metabolic variants were clearly discriminated while pathways that support metabolic flexibility towards modulation of a single enzyme were elucidating. By directly connecting the data flow between cell cultivation and flux quantification, considerable advances in throughput, robustness, release of resources...

We adapted and optimized a method to quantify the cellulose, hemicellulose, xylan, arabinan, mannan, galactan contents in lignocellulosic biomass. This method is based on a neutral detergent extraction (NDE) of the interfering biomass components, followed by a sulfuric acid hydrolysis (SAH) of the structural polysaccharides, and a liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detection (LC-CAD) to analyze the released monosaccharides. The first step of this NDE-SAH-LC-CAD method aims at removing all compounds that interfere with the subsequent sulphuric acid hydrolysis or with the subsequent chromatographic quantification of the cellulosic and hemicellulosic monosaccharides. This step includes starch hydrolysis with an analytical thermostable α-amylase followed by an extraction of soluble compounds by a Van Soest neutral detergent solution (NDE). The aim of this paper was to assess the precision of this method when choosing fiber sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), tall fescue (Fest...

Analysis of historical streamflow trends and their relationship to landscape characteristics is essential for understanding geographic differences in runoff within the Great Lakes basin and for distinguishing temporal trends from temporal variance. Factor analysis of streamflow records (1956–1988) from 32 US Geological Survey gauging stations within the Great Lakes basin revealed distinct spatio-temporal patterns of stream runoff within five different regions of the basin. Streams represented by the first annual factor occurred in southern Wisconsin and the lower peninsula of Michigan, and exhibited a linear increase in mean annual streamflow over the 33 year period caused by increased autumn and winter runoff. The second annual factor represented streams in New York and eastern Ohio, which exhibited sharply increased autumn discharge during the 1970s and 1980s. The remaining three annual factors distinguished groups of streams in western Ohio, Minnesota, and the upper peninsula of Michigan with differing annual and seasonal flow patterns but no consistent trends in annual flow. Factor analysis of monthly flow expressed as a proportion of annual flow identified three seasonal proportion factors that were temporally distinct but geographically dispersed. Annual yield (annual streamflow per unit watershed area) was greatest from watersheds with greater topographic relief and forest cover, and February yield was greatest from small, lower elevation watersheds having a small proportion of wetland area. Understanding past spatio-temporal patterns of streamflow variability within the US Great Lakes basin and their relationship to landscape properties provides a basis for evaluating future change.