News Media, Translation & Interpretation

Commander: http://www.septentrion.com/fr/livre/?GCOI=27574100141390
La traduction joue un rôle central dans la production d’information par les agences de presse et pourtant, elle est longtemps passée inaperçue. Est-ce dû à l’image que les journalistes ont de la traduction ? Traductologie et sciences de la communication entrent en dialogue pour répondre à cette question. Comment les agenciers participent-ils à la production d’information en plusieurs langues ? Quelles sont les conséquences des stratégies de traduction adoptées par les journalistes ? Par son enquête de terrain, cette étude ouvre la porte d’une agence mondiale, l’Agence France-Presse, et d’une agence nationale, l’Agence télégraphique suisse. Par son analyse discursive, elle illustre les conséquences d’une conception étroite de la traduction sur des dépêches d’agence consacrées à un problème public suisse.

This paper investigates the role of media translations in reframing 'reality' and inserting ideologically-loaded concepts to promote certain agendas. It further examines the effectiveness of paratextual (re)framings as a strategic device in the manipulation of 'reality'. It analyses the English translations of the Arabic media narratives on 'Daesh' employing the interdisciplinary approach of Baker (2006) narrative theory-informed. These English translations were published on the website of the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI); a Washington-based think tank that is largely quoted by the Western, mainly the US, prominent media outlets. The data collected for the purpose of this study consists of 46 Arabic editorials alongside their 25 English translations. The findings of this research suggest that paratextual devices including titles, introductions, headings, images and their captions, and endnotes and glossaries are significant (re)framing tools that function outside the immediate text. MEMRI is found to successfully reframe the Arabic narratives on 'Daesh' in an attempt to sustain and further the meta-narrative of the 'War on Terror'. The significance of this study is specifically to draw the awareness of the public of the different rival narratives circulated by the media.

The translation of BBC English-Chinese political news is considered as a bridge across Chinese people who represent 19.1% of the world total population (Chinese Official Population Clock website, 16/01/2014). However, this kind of bridge is not always easy to be built because of the various intricate diversities such as history, culture, social ideology, aesthetic interest etc. between the two languages. Considering those components, translation shifts become an unavoidable phenomenon in English-Chinese political news translation activity. According to Catford (1965), translation shifts mainly contain two types of transferring forms: level shifts and category shifts (including structural shifts, unit shifts, class shifts and intra system shifts,). In this paper, the authors explore the various translation shifts exiting in the English-Chinese political news translation on BBC website on the light of Catford’s theory (1965), aiming to embodying the necessity of translation shifts.

The practice of translation in news journalism and in the production of media texts is a specific process that differs from the role translation plays in many other domains. Translation of fiction, as well as non-fiction, has traditionally been centred around the notion of equivalence between the source and target texts with a view to how specific forms, meanings and effects of the former can be appropriately rendered in the latter. News-related translation, however, is characterised by various kinds of textual transformations since the journalist translator usually uses the original text to construct a new text. Various forms of translational non-equivalence are hence the norm.
      This chapter provides a critical pragmatic analysis of translation shift in the area of news translation. It notes how these shifts can frame and perspectivize the news story. The text identifies four major areas where changes in translation tend to occur: (1) localization of the news content; (2) glossing translation through metadiscourse; (3) mistranslation in the news; and (4) fake translation. The chapter also discusses the recent trend of readers deconstructing official translations in such post-media discourse spaces as reader comments, which is a practice that constitutes a new form of participatory journalism.

This article documents some foregrounding devices that the media use to attract readers’ attention to linguistic forms, all identified in sports reports relating to the Euro 2004 Football Championship published in various British newspapers. A functional explanation is offered in terms of the poetic and interactive character of such devices and their role in simulating friendship and encouraging ‘bonding’ between the writers and
readers (phaticity). Their omnipresence in the British media is linked with structural characteristics of the English language, the readiness of the British to tolerate manipulation of linguistic forms, and the general trend towards ‘infotainment’ in the media.

This study examines news reports related to human rights in the GSs (Gulf States) on Twitter in order to explore the main strategies used in presenting such news. The STs (Source Text) in English were taken from NGOs accounts such as Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International and from international agencies such as BBC while TTs (Target Text) in Arabic were from the same NGOs and the translation of NGOs news in news agencies such as Aljazeera. The results showed that although gatekeeping is the dominant strategy used to prevent translating NGOs news, transediting and reframing strategies were used often to manipulate translating and presenting those pieces of news. Faithful translation, on the other hand, was the least used strategy. The study concluded that translators’ ethical role should assert the honorable commitment they have towards the voices of the oppressed.

This chapter discusses some of the interwoven issues concerning translation, imagology and ideology in the news. Part of a larger project investigating representations of Berlusconi's politically incorrect discourse in the British press, the chapter analyses a small but significant corpus of online news texts that focus on the former Italian leader's alleged use of two taboo expressions. Focussing on the reverberations of linguistic taboos in the process of meaning transfer from Italian into English, the chapter suggests that the renderings of these unsubstantiated utterances are ideologically slanted, consciously or unconsciously, to support the existing news narratives surrounding Berlusconi.

Haber çevirisi, küresel bilgi alışverişinin çok önem kazandığı günümüzde haber üretiminin vazgeçilmez bir parçasıdır. Bu alanda gerçekleştirilen çalışmalar çevirilerin çoğunlukla çeviri alanından mezun olmayan kişiler tarafından gerçekleştirildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bazı çalışmalar ise bu sürecin yabancı dil bilen gazeteciler tarafından gerçekleştirildiği için çeviri olarak görülmediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise uluslararası haberlerde gerçekleşen çeviri faaliyetleri için büyük öneme sahip olan ve bu alanda çeviri gerçekleştirebilecek bir çevirmen adayının sahip olması gereken edinci kazandırabilecek derslerin akademik çeviri eğitimindeki yerini ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için ise nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme yöntemi kullanılarak 55 tane üniversitenin çeviribilim ve/veya mütercim tercümanlık müfredatları incelenmiştir ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda ise haber çevirisini kapsayan derslerin %38'inin zorunlu ve alanla ilgili çoğunlukla farkındalık kazandırmaya yönelik olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Japanese journalist Shiori Ito, known as a sexual assault survivor and icon of the #MeToo movement in Japan, has been depicted in many different lights by domestic and international media. This study illustrates the significant differences in the narrative the international media chose to (re)create, an act which involved translation from Japanese. Using this high-profile case, this study reveals the existence of culture- and institution-specific narratives as well as differences in the selection and deselection of information by each news producer to reinforce such narratives by applying framing as the theoretical framework for analysis.

Our objective in this paper is to compare how lexical units created in Catalan discourse, and related to the aspirations of independence, are reproduced by Euronews in Spanish, English, German and French and how
their function as linguistic tools of discursive identity construction changes after translation (transediting). Based on the discourse-historical approach (Wodak et al., 2005), we could detect three main strategies of discursive identity construction (autonomisation, legitimation, and unification) in the 37 selected articles between 2015-2021. Certain
adaptations are often inevitable to comply with the media format and journalistic register of a particular target culture.

Within social relations in globalized and multilingual spaces affected by massive movements of people (e.g. Australia), globalisation encourages specificity at the micro-community level. "Ethnicity" here represents "a great source of comfort" (Spinner, 1994: 59) and community newspapers are indeed expressions of ethnicity, embodying an ongoing struggle between the multiple forces of globalisation represented by host and heritage cultures and languages, as well as providing an independent and meaningful voice for the community. This case study on the Italo-Australian community newspaper "Il Globo" explores translational aspects in the articles treating national issues in Australia ("Stati & Territori" section). Thanks to a senior journalist at "Il Globo" (IGJ 1 henceforth), I retrieved English source texts (ST) and published Italian target texts (TT), affording a privileged look into news translation practices and outcomes. A corpus of 12 published TTs was analysed against the STs that informed and guided IGJ's writing, paying special attention to how the journalist quoted her sources and dealt with cultural-specific items (CSIs, House, 2006). Finally, I discuss how this case study's results can contribute to and offer a different perspective on the complex issues that link globalisation, language, and power within migrants' communities and the role of ethnic media in today's highly globalised multilingual and liquid (western) societies.

This volume explores some of the un
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derlying mechanisms that influence
the ways in which news producers sha
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pe knowledge on cultural difference.
Viewing translation within a broader
framework of intercultural communica
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tion, the qualitative study examines the
construction of translation-mediated
news, focussing on two Italian political
figures: Silvio Berlusconi and Matteo Sal
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vini. Newspapers still play a crucial role
in mediating between politicians and the
public. Yet, the words of foreign leaders
are invisibly filtered, reformulated and
recontextualised in the translational act.
Adopting multimodal critical discourse
analysis methods, the study unpacks the
meaning making processes involved in
representing the foreign, offering fresh
perspectives on journalistic translation

Cet article vise à attirer l’attention sur la traduction comme facteur de diffusion de l’innovation linguistique et scientifique dans la presse d’information aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Lieu de vulgarisation, la presse représente elle-même un premier type de traduction mais il sera montré que la traduction propre de textes journalistiques faisait partie intégrante l’industrie de la presse à ses tous débuts. Ensuite, nous utiliserons des analyses linguistiques d’un corpus de textes journalistiques datant des XVIIe et XVIIe siècles pour étudier l’apport linguistique de la traduction. Il sera démontré en particulier que la traduction des articles était une source d’emprunts lexicaux aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles tout comme elle l’est de nos jours. Nous montrerons également que la conceptualisation et le statut de la traduction auraient pu être touchés par la présence de comptes rendus discutant soit des ouvrages traduits, soit des ouvrages qui traitent de la traduction comme thème.

Global warming is perhaps the most significant issue that we face, yet it would appear to be poorly understood by the general public. Their knowledge of global warming science derives almost entirely from its coverage in news media. This article, using various case studies – comparing media publications to the original publications, the creation of a copy story or broadcast, talks given by journalists, and a journalist
preparatory program – discusses practices inherent in the practice of journalism that contribute to the difficulties the general public has in understanding socioscientific issues such as global warming. In discussing the case studies the question is asked if news media should be trusted to convey those topics, if it should be used to teach subjects such as global warming to students, or even if they should be learning about those issues in science classes at all.

In the policy environment, the news media play a powerful and influential role, determining not only what issues are on the broad policy agenda, but also how the public and politicians perceive these issues. Ensuring that reporters and editors have access to information,
that is, credible and evidence-based is critical for stimulating healthy public discourse and constructive political debates. EvidenceNetwork.ca is a non-partisan web based project that makes the latest evidence on controversial health-policy issues available to the Canadian news media. This article introduces the Evidence Network, the benefits it offers to journalists and researchers, and the important niche it occupies in working with the news media to build a more productive dialogue around healthcare.