Laziness

جوادی یگانه، محمدرضا و مجید فولادیان (1390) «تنبلی اجتماعي و عوامل موثر بر آن» مجله جامعه شناسي ايران. دوره دوازدهم. شماره 3. زمستان 1390. صص 109-137.

Social  Laziness  has  been  attention  in  recent  years  in  Iran  and  there  are  also 
representations  in  the  society  such  as;  low  work  efficiency,  lots  of  holidays, 
overweight  and  sedentary.  Despite  the  importance  of  this  issue,  a  direct 
sociological  research  has  not  been  done  about  it.  This  paper  wants  to  study 
amount and factors influencing on social laziness in the form of a concept in
the framework of Rational Choice theory. Method of this research is survey on
1256  of  Tehran  citizens.  The  finding  indicate  that  tendency  to  laziness  in 
Tehran is at least %20. The interpretation  of this finding express this trend of
tendency to laziness is not increasing. The most important factors influencing
on  laziness  in  Multivariable  Analysis  is  fatalism,  sense  of  powerlessness  and 
autonomy. The final finding is low tendency to laziness do not show low rate
of that, because social status is facilitating laziness in society.

Sometimes, some people tend to procrastinate or not exert effort to do what they want to do or are expected to do. The laziness mechanism turns on when our subconscious mind begins to classify the work or job at hand as a useless, resource and time wasting undertaking, even if the person knowingly understands the importance and the need to perform the job. This may be caused by some reasons, which are discussed in the next slides.

Hustling is considered almost an obligation of the modern-day
rapper, who is supposed to monetize his talent, while also remaining true to
himself and his roots. Being a hustler or just achieving the status of one is
desirable for modern-day rappers, as it validates their position in their social
group. The voices that stand out are therefore those belonging to rappers
who chose to go a different route and instead of bragging about their riches, prefer to present themselves as slackers, who are more concerned with the comfort of ‘laziness’ provided by their lyrical talents. As a  case study I  have selected a  well-known rapper, Redman (1970), who is respected in the hip-hop community and has enjoyed some mainstream success, yet never commodified his image. He is one of the few rappers whose authenticity is never disputed, and in this article I want to argue that the main reason behind his special status is the laziness he projects through his lyrics as well as visual representations of his rap persona: the MTV Cribs episode, his role as Jamal in the 2001 movie How High, and the fictionalized version of himself in the short-lived Method & Red TV series.

غالبًا ما نفكِّر في الكسل باعتباره حالة طبيعية، وفي العمل باعتباره شيئًا يجب أن نُجبَر على القيام به. نحن كُسالى بطبيعتنا، وغير معتادين على العمل إلَّا من خلال ما يُمليه علينا المجتمع. ولكن ماذا لو كانت هذه العادة متأصلة تمامًا لدرجة أنَّ العكس هو الصحيح الآن؟ ماذا لو كان الانشغال هو حالتنا الطبيعية، والكسل هو محض شيء ثمين وصعب تحقيقه؟ قد يكون من الصعب جدًا عدم فعل أي شيء، أو إيقاف دافع العمل الذي لا يرحم بداخلنا

In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis we witnessed a revival of discussions about a presumed 'laziness' of Southern European countries. In addition to the diffusion of the so-called regime of austerity and the rise of unemployment, at a national level, refrains around the notion of laziness have been coupled with the neoliberal emphasis on self-responsibility as regards the individuals' capacity (or lack thereof) to construct themselves as 'employable'. This article argues that the laziness refrain is used as an accusation to enforce and maintain specific politico-economic relations of production. This is done also by means of personifying a morally charged high ground that underpins the subject making the accusation, which is in turn used to undermine modes of existence that are formally forged and presented as falling out and compromising the 'idyllic' conditions for the extraction of an expected amount of profits. I will thus critically reappraise the idea of laziness in a series of literatures so as to challenge its construction as an anthropological universal and highlight its contemporary (and historically determined) configuration. To do so, I will isolate scenes in which 'laziness' has been tackled, by different theorists, in its philosophical status, in its relation to the ideas of 'action' and 'activity', in its connection with 'work', and its antagonistic relationship with 'time' within capitalist social relations.

جوادی یگانه، محمدرضا و زینب فاطمی امین و مجید فولادیان (1389-1390) «بررسی تطبیقی شاخص تنبلی در ایران و کشورهای جهان و برخی راه حل ها» راهبرد فرهنگ. سال سوم شماره دوازدهم و سال چهارم شماره سیزدهم. زمستان 1389 و بهار 1390: 111-134.


Abstract
The present paper focuses on a comparative study of index of laziness in Iran and 55 other countries. The main question of the present paper is: Are the Iranians lazier than the people of other countries? Hence the index of laziness was defined to compare its mean with those of other countries. Comparative quantitative method has been used to test the hypotheses. The mean of laziness in Iran has been analyzed in comparison with those of other countries on the basis of secondary analysis of the quantitative data related to 2005-2006 on world level.
The findings of the present paper indicate that on the basis of the proposed index, the degree of laziness in Iran is more than the world laziness mean. The Arab countries are lazier than Iran and are first in this regard. Some individual and collective ways of laziness have also been explained.