Landart

Bu çalışma, Arazi Sanatının “manzara” kavramı ile ilişkisi üzerine bir incelemedir. Araştırmanın amacı, “manzara” kavramının Arazi Sanatındaki olasılıklarını değerlendirmektir. Araştırma içerisinde “manzara”, sanatçı ve doğa arasında kurulan bir ilişki olarak değerlendirilmekte, yeryüzünü sanatın nesnesi ve mekânı olarak kullanan Arazi Sanatı ile bu değerlendirme üzerinden ilişkilendirilmektedir. Tarihsel olarak bakıldığında “manzara”nın resim geleneği içinden gelen bir kavram olduğu belirtilebilir. Resim geleneği içinde “manzara”, bakışın nesnesi haline gelen bir doğa kesitidir. Arazi Sanatına gelindiğinde ise manzara, sanatçının doğrudan içinde etkinlik gösterdiği yer olmuştur. Arazi Sanatında sanatın nesnesi haline gelen yeryüzünün tüm unsurları, sanatçının müdahalesiyle yeniden manzaralaşan yapılara dönüşmüştür. Doğanın işaretlenmesiyle oluşan bu manzaralar, performans ve düzenlemelerden oluşan Arazi Sanatı çalışmalarının genelinde görülebilir. Arazi Sanatı içerisinde Richard Long, Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer, Walter De Maria ve Dennis Oppenheim gibi sanatçılar yer alır. Bu sanatçılar, doğanın zorunlu koşullarını kullanarak, doğada gerçekleştirilen bir performansın izi, doğada bulunan nesnelerin yeniden düzenlenmesi veya doğanın iyileştirilen öğeleri gibi kendi içinde farklılaşan anlayışlarla sanat çalışmaları üretmişlerdir. Tüm bu yaklaşım biçimleri, sanatçı, izleyici ve galeri mekânı için yeni deneyim alanları yaratmıştır. Arazi Sanatı, bu deneyim alanlarında, sanatçı ve doğa ilişkisini farklı bir biçimde yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. Arazi Sanatı içerisinde yer alan sanatçıların, doğada gerçekleştirdikleri işaretlemeler, belirlemeler ve düzenlemeler sonucu oluşturdukları yapıların yeni manzaralar olduğu ifade edilebilir.

This study contains a research of relation between Land Art and “landscape” concept. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the possibilities of “landscape” concept in Land Art. In the research, the concept of “landscape” evaluated as a relation between artist and nature, and it related with the Land Art that uses earth as object and space of art in this evaluation. It can be stated that “landscape” is a concept coming from painting tradition. In the tradition of painting, the “landscape” is a section of nature which has become the object of eye. When it comes to Land Art, nature has become the place where the artist is directly active. In Land Art, all elements of earth that have become objects of art transformed into a landscape with the events of artist. These landscapes, which are formed by the marking of nature, can be seen Land Art work, which consist of performances and installations. Land Art contains artists such as Richard Long, Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer, Walter De Maria and Dennis Oppenheim. These artists, using the nature conditions for produced art works with different understandings such as the traces of a performance in nature, the reorganization of nature objects, or improves elements of nature. All these forms created new areas of experience for the artist, viewer and gallery spaces. Land Art brought back the artist and nature relation in a different way. As a result, it can be said that the markings and installations are new landscapes which performed the artist of Land Art.

What is landscape? And what is art in the landscape? In recent years, the notion of the landscape has experienced a major shift in the
context of visual arts. The book offers various perspectives on the complex relations between art, artists and landscape. LANDSCAPE
is a new publication series by the Institute for Land and Environmental Art (ILEA). In addition to the exploration of art in the peripheric,
rural and alpine landscapes, ILEA organizes the outdoor biennale Art Safiental and the international summer school Alps Art Academy in
the Swiss Alps.

Essays by / von: Aufdi Aufdermauer, Delphine Chapuis Schmitz, William L. Fox, Johannes M. Hedinger, Hanna B. Hölling,
Mattli Hunger, Sibylle Omlin, Janis Osolin, Lukas Ott, Jano Felice Pajarola, Jolanda Rechsteiner, Emily Eliza Scott, Chris Taylor, Lucie Tuma

Was ist Landschaft? Und was ist Kunst in der Landschaft? Der Landschaftsbegriff hat sich insbesondere im Kontext der bildenden Kunst in den letzten Jahren stark gewandelt und neu positioniert. Dieses Buch bietet verschiedene Perspektiven auf die komplexen Relationen zwischen Kunst, KünstlerInnen und Landschaft. LANDSCAPE ist eine neue Publikationsreihe des Institute for Land and Environmental Art (ILEA). Neben der Erforschung der Kunst im peripheren, ruralen und alpinen Landschaftsraum organisiert das ILEA in den Schweizer Alpen auch die Outdoor-Biennale Art Safiental und die internationale Sommerakademie Alps Art Academy.

What is landscape? How to define landscape in relation to the territory on which we live or which we own? What does it mean to own land, together with its natural resources and their localization? And what grounds do we refer to when we talk about, our “own” land? How to properly grasp that living on Earth means also living of its vast resources that accumulated millions of years ago? Last but not least, how can the questions of spatiality— of land and of the territory—be grasped in relation to the notion of time, a grant scale of deep, geological time, and the time of transitions and entropy? What are the conditions of identity of landscape?
          Etymologically, “land-scape” relates to “shape,” used in the physical sense of shaping, which implies bodily engagement. We work the grounds on which and of which we live. We shape them. The effects of the human activity manifest in the environmental changes, climate crisis and hyperobejcts that surpass human comprehension. We even conceived of a new era that acknowledges the impact of humans on the environment. But, from another perspective, the landscape and its accompanying environmental aspects are also shaped by our perceptual apparatus and vision, our always situated knowledge, education, and culture.
          This symposium takes up some of these and related questions as starting points of exchanges and dialogues between scholars, researchers, art makers, and educators that present different perspectives on landscape.

Speakers include: Annemarie Bucher , Emily Eliza Scott, Rebecca Uchill, Ryan Dewey, Chris Taylor, Bill Fox, Richard Saxon, Tara Lasrado, Dharmendra, Michael Hiltbrunner, Sally de Kunst, Karin Winzer, Joanna Lesnierowska, Hanna Hölling, Johannes Hedinger and others. Organized by Hanna Hölling and Johannes Hedinger.