Karl Radek

Aşağıda; V.İ. Lenin’in 1917 Nisan’ında İsviçre’den Rusya’ya dönerken kullandığı “Mühürlü Tren”de birlikte yolculuk ettiği Karl Radek’in, bu yolculuğun önde gelen komünist yazarlar tarafından anlatıldığı Fritz Platten tarafından hazırlanan “Die Reise Lenins durch Deutschland im plombierten Wagen” kitabındaki yazısının çevirisi bulunmaktadır. Yazı, Ian Birchall tarafından ilk kez İngilizceye çevrilmiş ve https://www.marxists.org/archive/radek/1924/xx/train.htm adresinde yayınlanmıştır. Türkçeye Ian Birchall’ın izniyle ilk kez çevrilmektedir. Kendisine teşekkür ederim.

1919-2019 ☆ Sull'Altare di Brest Litovsk furono sacrificati non solo Rosa Luxemburg, Karl Liebknecht e Leo Jociches, assieme agli spartachisti che furono trucidati nella rivoluzione Tedesca, ma anche qualsiasi orizzonte comunista e Marx stesso. In questa ricostruzione eretica ed apocrifa emergono biografie, bibliografie non conformi alle "verità ufficiali" o di partito e ritratti diversi con ruolo e funzione di personaggi oscuri (sebbene osannati dalla mitologia leninista) come il 'Kommissar für Bolschewismus' Karl Radek.

The origins of the Transitional Programme in Trotsky’s writings have been traced in the secondary literature. Much less attention has been paid to the earlier origins of the Transitional Programme in the debates of the Communist International between its Third and Fourth Congress, and in particular to the contribution of its largest national section outside Russia, the German Communist Party, which had been the origin of the turn to the united-front tactic in 1921. This article attempts to uncover the roots of the Transitional Programme in the debates of the Communist International. This task is important because it shows that the Transitional Programme’s slogans are not sectarian shibboleths, but the result of the collective revolutionary experience of the working class during the period under consideration, from the Bolshevik Revolution to the founding conference of the Fourth International (1917–38).

The paper describes the initial stage of the Soviet historiography dedicated to the latest period of the Austria-Hungary, traced its gradual but consistent ideologization and politicization. Special attention is paid to works by V.I. Lenin, I.V. Stalin, L.D. Trotsky, K.B. Radek and other leaders of the Bolsheviks, who examined this issue through the prism of their theory on the national question, which was developed and formed in the years of the World War I. As far as the views of the irreconcilable opponents - M.N. Pokrovsky and E.V. Tarle - are concerned, both have been allowed themselves then a departure from the canonical doctrines by Lenin and Stalin - with the different degree of scientific accuracy. Special attention is paid to the Czech and Polish aspects of the problem. The authors conclude that in the early USSR the study of Austria-Hungary as a factor in European history was substituted for the fragments of its individual Nations’ histories.