Intradisciplinary Research

Magical Ceremonies during the Ritual Year of the Greek Farmer.  In Minniyakhmetova, Tatiana and Kamila Velkoborská (eds.): The Ritual Year 10: Magic in Rituals and Rituals in Magic. The Yearbook of the SIEF (Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore) Working Group on The Ritual Year. Innsbruck/Tartu: ELM Scholarly Press 2015: 41-60.

Abstract:
In the wake of the British scholar, James G. Frazer’s claim that Greek religion reflects peasants’ concepts connected with fertility magic, the very term has been criticized by most humanists during the entire twentieth century, while it has been present in scholarly literature written by anthropologists. Through a comparison between modern and ancient Greek festivals and rituals taking place across the ritual year, the article illustrates the importance of fertility magic to ensure the food both for the modern and ancient farmers, since sympathetic magic is a persistent characteristic of ancient as well as contemporary festivals. While performing various fertility rituals, the farmer assists nature to pass the worst of the winter. The point is that the magic works, and an important magical means of communication is indeed the festival and all the factors that it consists of.

The article examines emotion and identity in connection with Greek death cult in an attempt to clarify certain political phenomena in the Mediterranean area. The cult of the dead is a common cultural pattern in the area. Why is this cult so persistent? What is death cult and how does it manifest itself? The article delves into its lasting importance in the Greek part of the cultural area, where the author has conducted several periods of fieldwork. To illustrate the persistence of this cultural pattern, the characteristic aspects connected with death cult in Greek tradition are discussed: The comparison is based on festivals, which are dedicated to deceased persons and domestic death rituals combined with ancient sources. Based on them an analytical survey of the relationship between the death cult dedicated to deceased mediators in ancient and modern society, as it is manifested through laments, burials and the following memorial rituals is made. The modern domestic rituals people perform for their own dead influence the official ideological rituals, and vice versa, the domestic rituals reflect public performances. A study of modern cult practices reveals many parallels with the official cult of the ancients, and suggests ways in which modern rituals can throw new light upon the ancient rituals and vice versa. The article seeks to demonstrate how new ideologies must adjust to older rituals and beliefs and how public and domestic rituals are connected. The article finally suggests how these similarities might represent a common way of expression within a larger context in which the Mediterranean cultural meaning of emotion is central.

Zeigen ist eine Grundtätigkeit. Ohne sie lassen sich weder Wissen noch Handeln, weder Erkennen noch Sozialität denken. Eine das Vorverständnis prägende Assoziation zum Zeigen ist die Hand, die auf Dinge und Phänomene in der Welt verweist. Doch die Zeigegeste ist bei weitem nicht erschöpfend. Auch mit Zeichen und mit Sprache wird gezeigt; Bilder, Diagramme und Tabellen zeigen; und nicht zuletzt zeigen auch Blicke, Bewegungen und Handlungen. Zeigen, so zeigt sich, ist also mehr als Referenz. Was aber ist Zeigen?
Im Zeigen verschränken sich Fragen, die nicht nur von einer Disziplin bearbeitet werden können. Der vorliegende Band folgt dieser Einsicht, indem er die Vielschichtigkeit des Zeigens nicht durch einen fachspezifischen Zugang begrenzt. Wie zeigen Bilder? Eine Frage, die hier nicht nur an die Bildwissenschaft, sondern auch an die Wissenschaftstheorie gerichtet wird: Welche Funktion haben zeigende Bilder in der Wissenschaft? Und wie ist das Verhältnis von Sagen und Zeigen? Ein Thema nicht nur für die Philosophie, sondern auch für die Sozialwissenschaften. Wie – und nicht nur was – zeigen wir uns in der sozialen Interaktion?

So unterschiedliche Disziplinen wie die Informatik, die Tanz- und Filmwissenschaften, Philosophie, Soziologie, Psychologie und die Kunstgeschichte tauschen sich darüber aus, wie auf den unterschiedlichsten Feldern Zeigen praktiziert wird, wie Zeigen scheitert und welche Reflexionsprobleme dieses Thema produziert. So wird im Zusammenspiel scheinbar weit entfernter Ansätze die Kontur einer Grundtätigkeit sichtbar. Zeigen erweist sich als eine Grunddimension unseres Handelns. Sie durchdringt die Bereiche des Wissens, des Körpers und der Bilder, ohne sich auf eines dieser Gebiete reduzieren zu lassen.

The aim of this work is to reveal the benefits arising from understanding cultural heritage issues through STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics) education. Further aim is to motivate Greek teachers to combine cultural issues teaching integrated with STEM disciplines so as to give a boost to the reform of the curriculums of subjects taught in Greek schools of secondary education in the direction of in-terdisciplinarity. To this direction, arts and cultural heritage should be integrated in the educational process and subject such as Mathematics, Physics and History should be taught in a STEAM educational approach so that stu-dents' creativity and innovativeness may be boosted. A very good example of the role that cultural heritage may play is the Horologion of Andronikos Kyrrhestes, an ancient building in the Roman Agora of Athens which has recently recorded as an astronomical monument of cultural heritage by UNESCO. This monument can be used in the educational process for teaching subjects through STEAM activities, due to the in-terdisciplinary nature of knowledge (e.g. astronomy, geometry, architecture, sculpture, engineering) that was needed for both its construction and function. In this respect, a purposive sample of teachers who teach different subjects in public schools of secondary education in Greece was selected and semi structured interviews were designed recording teachers' opinions about STEAM education using as example the " Horologi-on of Andronikos Kyrrhestes " monument. The results of this research are presented here.

A research article (RA) abstract provides an overview or summary of the whole research. It is one of the most important sections in an RA since it is the first section researchers read to decide if the article is relevant to their research or not. Researchers need to know the intradisciplinary (within the same discipline) variations and similarities in the choice of Theme 1 and thematic progression (TP) patterns in RA abstracts in their discipline. Several studies have investigated variations and similarities in the use of Theme across disciplines. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of studies investigating intradisciplinary variations in the use of Theme in RA abstracts of dentistry subdisciplines. As epistemological differences exist between the various dentistry subdisciplines, it is pertinent to examine if there are intradisciplinary variations in the construction of Theme in the subfields of dentistry. The present study aims to investigate if there are any intradisciplinary variations and similarities in the use of Theme and TP patterns across seven dentistry subdisciplines: oral sciences, periodontics, endodontics, operative dentistry, prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and orthodontics. The study is framed by Halliday's systemic functional linguistics' approach to language and Daneš's model for TP patterns. The findings revealed intradisciplinary significant differences between the subfields of dentistry in terms of the use of Theme types at p < .05 (p-value=0.0294), while there were no significant differences in the use of TP patterns and thematic markedness. Various interesting linguistic features characterizing the subdisciplines were found, although no significant interdisciplinary differences were found between dentistry RA abstracts and the findings reported in the literature of other disciplines. Finally, implications for novice dental researchers attempting to write an RA abstract are presented.

El objetivo central de este artículo es advertir y destacar que si desde el inicio de su historia, la arqueología ha tenido la necesidad de aprovechar todas las herramientas posibles de diversas disciplinas científicas para no sólo ordenar materiales, sino interpretarlos de forma coherente y válida, con más razón debe vincularse fuertemente con enfoques, métodos y técnicas de otras ramas antropológicas. De la misma forma en que los antropólogos sociales deben de tomar en cuenta los estudios históricos de una comunidad o los lingüistas requieren conocer prácticas culturales, formas de parentesco u organización política para lograr una interpretación profunda de la estructura del lenguaje. Juntas se complementan y conforman una investigación integralmente antropológica que tiene como objetivo explicar las relaciones de los diversos factores con el cultural en el tiempo y en el espacio (sean cuales estos sean). Se trata, sin duda, de una tarea complicada para intentar efectuarla de forma independiente.