Copperworking

Seymen, N., & Aydın Türk, Y. (2018). “Bir Kültür Bileşeni Olarak Zanaat ve Mekan”, CRAFTARCH’18 International Art Craft Space Congress – Revitalizing Art Craft Space Relations, Konya, Türkiye, 5-7 Aralık 2018 (pp.283-295), Eğitim Yayınevi.

ÖZ:
Kent kültürü, evrensel değerler ile kentlerin siyasal, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel değerlerini de kapsamaktadır. Kültürel yaşam biçimlerini öne çıkaran en önemli faktörlerden biri de kentteki zanaat ve zanaat mekânlarıdır. Bu mekânların yaşatılması kent kimliği ve kent kültürünün sürdürülebilirliği açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Fakat küreselleşen dünya, günümüzde değişen yaşam koşulları, yeni tüketim alışkanlıklarının ortaya çıkması ile birlikte zanaat gün geçtikçe önemini yitirmekte ve sayısal olarak da azalmaktadır. Çalışmada, zanaatın kent kimliği ve kültüründe önemli bir yere sahip olduğu Trabzon kenti seçilmiştir. Günümüzde tamamen yok olmuş (çömlekçilik, sandıkçılık, sepetçilik ve süpürgecilik), sayıları oldukça azalsa da varlığını sürdürebilen (marangozluk, bakırcılık, demircilik, terzilik, yorgancılık, ayakkabıcılık) ve günümüzün teknolojik, ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel koşullarına uyum sağlayarak gelişen zanaatlar (kuyumculuk: hasır örme-telkâri-kazazlık) kentte önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Geçmişten günümüze zanaat mekânlarının giderek azaldığı ve mekânsal olarak da farklılaştığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada; kentte tarihsel süreç içinde zanaat ve zanaat mekânlarının dönüşümünü mekânsal açıdan irdelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak; literatür araştırması, mevcut duruma ve geçmişe dair niceliksel ve mekânsal tespitler, alan çalışması ve görüşmelerle elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; elde edilen verilere bağlı olarakgeçmiş ve günümüze ilişkin zanaat türlerinin değişimi ve dönüşümü niceliksel ve mekânsal olarak ve karşılaştırılmalı biçimde ortaya koyulmuştur. Zanaat ve zanaat mekânlarının sürdürülebilirliğine ilişkin geleceğe yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

ABSTRACT:
Urban culture includes universal values and political, economic, social and cultural values of cities. One of the most important factors that highlight cultural life styles is the craft and craft spaces in the city. The survival of these places is of great importance in terms of urban identity and sustainability of urban culture. However, with the emergence of new global consumption world, changing life conditions and new consumption habits, crafts are losing their importance and decreasing numerically. In the study, the city of Trabzon, which has an important place in the city identity and culture, was chosen. Nowadays it is completely destroyed (pottery, maker of chest, basketry and maker of broom), which can survive even though the numbers are very low (carpentry, coppersmith, ironworking, couture, quilting, shoemaking) and by adapting to the technological, economic and socio-cultural conditions of today, developing economically and spatially ongoing crafts (jewelery: hasır knitting, filigree, kazazlık) have an important place in the city. From past to present, it is seen that craft places are gradually decreasing and spatially different. In Study; The aim of this course is to examine the transformation of craft and craft spaces in a historical process. As a method in the study; The literature research was obtained by the field study and interviews with quantitative and spatial determinations of the current situation and the past. As a result; depending on the data obtained, the change and transformation of the craft types of the past and present have been demonstrated quantitatively and spatially and comparatively. Future suggestions for the sustainability of craft and craft spaces have been developed.

Seymen, N., & Aydın Türk, Y. (2018). City and Craft: Trabzon. In H. Arapgirlioğlu, A. Atik, S. Hızıroğlu, R. L.Elliot, & D. Atik (Eds.), The Most Recent Studies in Science and Art (Vol. 2, pp. 1994-2008). Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Parallel to the globalizing world, due to the acceleration of capital, commerce, population, consumption and increasing product diversity, identity changes and cultural losses are taking place in the cities. Such changes in the texture of the cities are mostly seen in the old city centers where craft spaces are concentrated. Therefore, the crafts and craft spaces, which have an important place in the identity and culture of the city, are gradually decreasing and disappearing. This is an important problem for sustainability of crafts in the future. For this reason, planning approaches should be adopted in order to protect and maintain the craft spaces, which are distinguishable identities and cultural elements of the city.
The historical city center of Trabzon, which was selected as the study area, has important traces in the identity and culture of the city. The historical city center and its surrounding urban areas are known for their craft types. For example, Pazarkapı for carpentry, chest-making, ironworking; Kemeraltı for jewellery, copperworking, silversmithing, broommaking; Tabakhane for shoemaking and leatherworking. Today, these craft spaces have either changed places or have gone to a change of function or are completely lost. It is important to be able to maintain these characteristics of the historical city center of Trabzon and traces it has today.
Therefore, it is necessary to protect the craft spaces and bring them back to the city. In the planning and conservation works in the city, crafts and craft spaces should be supported by special projects. Cultural spaces where research projects, exhibitions and activities for the crafts can be made should be created and they must be brought together with the city and urbanites. With public, private and NGO cooperation craft-oriented urban policies should be developed. Sectoral models for different craft types in the city should be produced and cooperation should be provided.