Consistency

We study the paper of Xu [Z. Xu, On consistency of the weighted geometric mean complex judgement matrix in AHP, European Journal of Operational Research 126 (2000) 683–687] for the group consistency in analytic hierarchy process of multicriteria decision-making. The purpose of this note is threefold. First, we point out the questionable results in this paper. Second, for three by three comparison matrices, we provide a patchwork for his method. Third, we constructed a counter example to show that in general his method is wrong. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate our findings. If there are four or more alternatives, then we may advise researchers to ignore his results to avoid questionable estimation of group consistency.

In this study, the performance of eleven different filters are compared against a simulated maneuvering target. To provide applicability to a wide range of problems, a diverse set of metrics are considered. To ensure rigorous testing, a combination of randomly generated and fixed extreme trajectories are used. The effects of maneuvers are extracted by processing the results conditionally on maneuver type, sojourn time and filter phase.

Psychological contracts are dynamic, continually developing through authoritative encounters. They fundamentally highlight people convection structures of what is relied upon to happen in the association and what is anticipated from them. They give a feeling of control and can impact the worker's future in an association, since representatives are a gathering to the agreement, and can pick to make their commitments. It builds the assurance by making in workers - a feeling of consistency, professional stability and control. It spins around the value impression of the effort–reward relationship, in this way concentrating on correspondence.

Investment casting process is used worldwide to manufacture as cast precision castings specially for super alloy castings mainly for Aerospace and Automotive Industry. The process of investment castings is very complicated compared to other commonly used casting processes. Very crucial stages in this process are 1) first coat of zircon silica on pattern assembly and 2) Metal pouring in preheated shells. These two stages of the investment casting processes are usually performed manually in small scale Investment casting foundries causing defects which increase the cost of quality and scrap. This increases delivery lead time affecting profit gains. This scenario is typical for small scale investment casting foundries making small yet high production castings.

This paper presents a novel approach for automated test data generation of imperative programs containing integer, boolean and/or float variables. Our approach is based on consistency techniques integrating integer and float vari-ables. We handle statement, branch and path coverage ...

Paradoxes and Their Resolutions. This 'thematic compilation' comprises expositions and resolutions of many (though not all) ancient and modern paradoxes, including: the Protagoras-Euathlus paradox, the Liar paradox and the Sorites paradox, Russell’s paradox and its derivatives the Barber paradox and the Master Catalogue paradox, Grelling’s paradox, Hempel's paradox of confirmation, and Goodman’s paradox of prediction. This volume also presents and comments on some of the antinomic discourse found in some Buddhist texts (namely, in Nagarjuna and in the Diamond Sutra).

This chapter is devoted to introducing the theories of interval algebra to people who are interested in applying the interval methods to uncertainty analysis in science and engineering. In view of this purpose, we shall introduce the key concepts of the algebraic theories of intervals that form the foundations of the interval techniques as they are now practised, provide a historical and epistemological background of interval mathematics and uncertainty in science and technology, and finally describe some typical applications that clarify the need for interval computations to cope with uncertainty in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.

Keywords. Interval mathematics, Uncertainty, Quantitative Knowledge, Reliability, Complex interval arithmetic, Machine interval arithmetic, Interval automatic differentiation, Computer graphics, Ray tracing, Interval root isolation.

Recommended Citation:

Hend Dawood. Interval Mathematics as a Potential Weapon against Uncertainty. In S. Chakraverty, editor, Mathematics of Uncertainty Modeling in the Analysis of Engineering and Science Problems. chapter 1, pages 1-38. IGI Global, Hershey, PA, 2014. ISBN 978-1-4666-4991-0.

The final publication is available at IGI Global via http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4991-0.ch001

The effect of high-pressure (HP) treatment (100–400 MPa for 15 or 30 min at 20 °C) on the rheological characteristics and colour of fresh and canned mango pulps was evaluated. Differences were observed in the rheological behaviour of fresh and canned mango pulps treated with HP. Shear stress–shear rate data of pulps were well described by the Herschel–Bulkley model. The consistency index (K) of fresh pulp increased with pressure level from 100 to 200 MPa while a steady decrease was noticed for canned pulp. For fresh pulp the flow behaviour index decreased with pressure treatment whereas an increasing trend was observed with canned pulp. Storage and loss moduli of treated fresh pulp with HP increased linearly with angular frequency up to 200 MPa for a treatment time of 30 min while a steady decreasing trend was found for processed pulp. No significant variation in colour was observed during pressure treatment.

Workability, flow and consistency are unique parameters that contribute to the quality and mechanical properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) in the hardened stage, in a bid not to compromise strength and quality. Workability, flow and consistency can be controlled in the fresh stage of SCC. This research assessed the workability and strength properties of self-compacting concrete using bakery ash as the need for a green approach in concrete technology is paramount in track with the trash to treasure initiative. To achieve the aim of this study, two brands of Portland limestone cement were used in developing twelve (12) concrete samples. The additive was used at 0, 5,10,15,20 and 25% replacement of cement. The flow, segregation and filling ability were investigated using the L-box, V-Funnel and the slump flow apparatus. The result of the experimental research showed that at 10% and above addition of bakery ash, the workability was unsatisfactory using EFNARC specifications. The compressive strength increased up to 10% addition of the bakery ash. However, at higher percentage addition, the strength reduced. The use of this concrete is recommended for the construction of low load bearing concrete infrastructures. The outcome of this research will serve as a guide for engineers, researchers and construction worker on the optimum quantity of this waste in the development of self-compacting concrete with satisfactory rheology.

The sustainability challenges that the food system is facing are ever increasing. The traditional approach to monitoring these changes considers economic, societal and environmental sustainability. A strong case has been made, however, that a fourth dimension, ethical, should also be considered. Conventionally, two main strategies have been used to assess the improvements in sustainability: efficiency and sufficiency. Efficiency is usually linked with technological improvements, and sufficiency is connected with a reduction in production or consumption. We introduce a third strategy to the analysis; namely consistency that is related mainly to the ethical dimension of sustainability. Trends of the indicators related to the three strategies are calculated on both a global and regional scale from 1962 to 2009. Efficiency (measured as land requirement for animal products) has increased by about 13 percent globally, sufficiency (measured as the a mount of meat consumed) has declined by ...

The social comparison process presents a potential source of instability in self-conception. In this study, job applicants casually encountered a stimulus person whose characteristics were either socially desirable or undesirable. Half the subjects in each of these conditions found the other was competing with them for the same position, and half did not. Preliminary assessments were also made of the subjects' level of self-consistency. The major dependent variable was self-esteem change. As predicted by comparison theory, the socially desirable stimulus person produced a significant decrease in self-esteem, while the undesirable other significantly enhanced subjects' self-estimates. Subjects low in self-consistency were most affected by the presence of the other, while extent of competition had no effect. It was also found that similarity between subject and stimulus person tended to enhance self-esteem, while dissimilarity tended to reduce it.

Der Beitrag ist eine deutschsprachige Fassung des Einführungs-Artikels „Psychotherapy: The Challenge and Power of Consistency“ zum Schwerpunkt-Heft der Zeitschrift "Gestalt Theory" Jg. 43 Heft 1/2021 über "Essentials of Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy" (Kernkonzepte der Gestalttheoretischen Psychotherapie). Der Artikel begründet die Möglichkeit und Sinnhaftigkeit eines kohärenten theoretischen Systems für die Psychotherapie, wie es in der Gestalttheoretischen Psychotherapie angestrebt und in mehreren Beiträgen des Gestalt Theory-Heftes vorgestellt wird.
Die Notwendigkeit der Konsistenz der theoretischen Annahmen und Konzepte einer Psychotherapiemethode ergibt sich nicht allein aus wissenschaftlichen Überlegungen, sondern bereits aus der elementaren Rolle von Konsistenz im menschlichen Leben. Daraus resultieren auch Anforderungen an die Konsistenz der theoretischen Grundlagen der Psychotherapie. Diese erfüllt sich nicht in einer bloßen inneren, logischen Konsistenz ihrer Modelle, sondern nur in der tatsächlichen Passung mit den kritisch-phänomenalen und naiv-phänomenalen Welten der TherapeutInnen und ihrer KlientInnen (im Zusammenspiel mit deren "naiven Psychologien") im Realitätstest des Lebens.

In the current era, the amount of data generated from various device sources and business transactions is rising exponentially, and the current machine learning techniques are not feasible for handling the massive volume of data. Two commonly adopted schemes exist to solve such issues scaling up the data mining algorithms and data reduction. Scaling the data mining algorithms is not the best way, but data reduction is feasible. There are two approaches to reducing datasets selecting an optimal subset of features from the initial dataset or eliminating those that contribute less information. Overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide, and forecasting future overweight or obesity could help intervention. Our primary objective is to find the optimal subset of features to diagnose obesity. This article proposes adapting a bagging algorithm based on filter-based feature selection to improve the prediction accuracy of obesity with a minimal number of feature subsets. We utilized several machine learning algorithms for classifying the obesity classes and several filter feature selection methods to maximize the classifier accuracy. Based on the results of experiments, Pairwise Consistency and Pairwise Correlation techniques are shown to be promising tools for feature selection in respect of the quality of obtained feature subset and computation efficiency. Analyzing the results obtained from the original and modified datasets has improved the classification accuracy and established a relationship between obesity/overweight and common risk factors such as weight, age, and physical activity patterns.