Antroponymy

In the monograph for the fi rst time, based on the materials of the All-Russian Agricultural Census in 1917, ethnodemographic and ethnosocial development of the indigenous population of the Northern Altai foothills is analyzed. A plurality of identities of the indigenous population
of the Northern Altai foothills was enucleated, and the transformation of their anthroponymic system was studied.

Se ofrece en este trabajo un viaje por la Onomástica a partir de la especial relación que mantienen, dentro de ella, la Toponimia y la Antroponimia. Ese viaje se plasmará, sobre todo, en los numerosos topónimos que tienen su origen en antropónimos y que en ocasiones se remontan a su vez a otros topónimos, en un continuo trasvase de ida y vuelta.

Gli agiotoponimi friulani San(t) Andrat e San Tomat e i veneti Santandrà, Sandrà, San Tomà  conservano traccia della flessione nominale latina in -ās/āti- che integrava nel sistema tardo-latino elementi allotri, in particolare gli antroponimi d’origine greca (o mediati dal greco) terminanti in -ās, come Andreās, Cosmās, Thōmās, Babylās ecc. Le attestazioni tardo-antiche e mediolatine documentano tale uso, che si fossilizzò nei toponimi: es. 539 fundum ... Andreatis ... praepositi, 745 ex dictatu Andreati refer(endarii), 746 p(er) Andreatem, 747 ex d(ictatu) Andreatis, ecc.

Mitologija i fantastika, kao interferirajući elementi daleke prošlosti, proži-maju se sa savremenim jezikom, a dodirna tačka im nije samo usmena književnost nego i onomastika. Ti elementi, iako prividno pohranjeni u prošlosti, revitaliziraju se u novim oblicima kao prezimena. U radu se analizira semantika tih prezimena, uz etimološka i tvorbena rješenja. Kako se od mitskih motiva više ne tvore prezimena, jer  je ta kategorija odavno zatvorena, ovakva specifična prezimena su vrijedna naučnoga proučavanja i korpusnoga pozicioniranja. Zato, izvorno navedeni, opisani i analizira-ni, primjeri u ovome radu imaju značajno filološko, etnološko i antropološko blago.

The book is dedicated to Elena V. Revunenkova and Alexander K. Ogloblin, University year-mates and life-time friends. Since their graduation in 1961 from the Indonesian philology department, Oriental Faculty of St.Petersburg State University, these two powerful characters have dominated St. Petrsburg Indonesian studies. They have shared with their numerous followers and colleagues their brilliant knowledge of Bahasa Indonesia, deep understanding of traditional and modern life of Nusantara and in the best traditions of hereditary St.Petersburg intelligencia. The present collection of papers resulted from a conference in honor of these, our teachers, mounted by their ex-students and colleagues in 2004. We caught our teachers at surprise, knowing their modest ways and opposition to any kind of celebrations in their honor. This is the reason why there are papers by jubilars in this volume.
After a long preparation period this collection of papers finally appears just before the 70-year birth anniversaries of Elena V. Revunenkova and Alexander K. Ogloblin.
The present book starts the new series of publications named «Maclayevsky Sbornik» for papers and monographs on Insular Southeast Asia, Australia and the Pacific.
The book will be of interest for anthropologists, philologists, linguists, historians and the general reader, interested in traditional and modern culture and languages of Southeast Asia and beyond.
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Древние булгары, предки современных чувашей, как носители культуры шнуровой керамики долгое время оставались на территории Западной Украины. Их присутствие там подтверждается топонимией чувашского происхождения. Была также проделана попытка найти их следы в антропонимии. Здесь подаются результаты проведенных поисков.

Anexo dixital a publicación (agradécese referencia, aínda que sexa como comunicación persoal).
Ordenado por concellos; para unha lista por apelidos, refírase a https://www.academia.edu/68395092
Máis en https://gl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Usuario:IESMugardos-profesor/ICE e https://gl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Índice_de_Concentración_Espacial_(versión_3).pdf

Naturthematische Vornamen, die im unabhängigen Litauen der Vorkriegszeit zum ersten Mal vergeben wurden, sind allmählich in den festen Namensbestand eingegangen. Ein Teil dieser Vornamen (vor allem die Vornamen, die auf unbelebte Naturerscheinungen und -objekte zurückgehen, wie z. B., Rasa ‘Tau’, Eglė ‘Tanne’, Aušra ‘Morgenstern’, Giedrė, Giedrius (von giedras ‘klar, unbewölkt’), Audrius (von audra ‘Sturm’), Aidas ‘Echo’) sind über das ganze Jahrhundert hinweg beliebt gewesen und dienten ihrerseits als Grundlage für weitere Suffix- und Endungsableitungen. Die naturthematischen Namen bilden zwar insgesamt eine sehr vielfältige Gruppe, jedoch sind sie in erster Linie Frauennamen. Im unabhängigen Litauen sowie in der Sowjetzeit haben sich Vornamen verbreitet, die auf Blumennamen zurückgehen (z. B., Saulutė ‘Gänseblümchen’, Snieguolė ‘Schneeglöckchen’), welche ihrerseits teilweise als Suffixableitungen aus naturthematischen Lexemen entstanden waren. Solche Vornamen haben die Bildung weiterer suffigierter Vornamen begünstigt, in denen sich gleiche Suffixe mit den Stämmen verbanden, die auf naturthematische Lexeme zurückgingen (z. B., Audr-utė, Dang-uolė). Die Veränderungen im Bestand der Suffixe naturthematischer Vornamen zeigen einen weiteren Trend in der Entwicklung des Namensbestandes auf: die Vielfalt der zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts so verbreiteter Suffixe nimmt ab und sie werden durch Formationsmorpheme ersetzt, die aus anderen Sprachen übernommen wurden (-ija: Smilt-ija, -ita: Saul-ita, -eda: Aušr-eda). Für sämtliche Suffixableitungen ist typisch, dass sie auf beliebte Vornamen oder auf die ihnen zugrundeliegenden Appellativa zurückgehen.

Öz 11. ve 14. yüzyıl arasında, bugün Ortadoğu adı verilen geniş bir coğrafyada egemen olan Selçuklularla ilgili daha ziyade siyasî veya teşkilat tarihi alanında araştırmalar yapılmış, onlardan günümüze farklı dillerde yazılmış kaynaklar ulaşmasına rağmen, Selçukluların toplumsal yaşamlarını biçimlendiren gelenek ve görenekleri ile ilgili detaylara inilmemiştir. Selçuklu dünyasında ad koyma geleneği de ihmal edilen bu alanlar arasındadır. Türk tarihinin dini, coğrafi ve sosyo-kültürel açıdan kritik bir geçiş evresini temsil eden Selçuklu çağı ile alakalı bu alanda yapılacak araştırmalar önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede, dönemin kaynakları ışığında Selçuklu devlet ve toplum geleneğinde ad koymaya dair usul ve esaslar hakkında birtakım tespitler yapılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Selçuklular, Antroponimi, Ad Koyma Geleneği, Kaşgarlı Mahmud.
Abstract
Between 11th and 14th centuries, about Seljuks who ruled over a wide geographical area, that is said Middle East today, more research has been done in the field of political or organizational history. Despite the fact that there are many sources in different languages the details of traditions and customs shaping their social lives have not been reached. The tradition of naming in the Seljuk world is also among these neglected areas. Researches on this area related to the Seljuk era, which represents a critical transition period especially in the religious, geographical and socio-cultural aspects of Turkish history, are important. In this article, in the light of the sources some determinations were identified about the principles of naming the Seljuk state and society tradition.

The paper analyses the unofficial personal names (UPN) in a village Fintice, Slovakia. It classifies the corpus of more than 200 UPN into five categories according to the type of motivational stimulus (connotation, exterior, interior, allusion, situational). This is an analogous classification to nicknames (Patráš, 1996) which are unofficial antropolexemes too. However, the author assumes that some of the analysed UPN have features of nicknames, while the others of live personal names. The paper also focuses on the presence and cooperation of motivation types within the scope of the analysed UPN that prove to be very productive in everyday spoken communication.

La monografía ofrece una visión sintética del estado de la investigación, la evolución histórica, el marco legislativo de la atribución de nombres, los nombres personales más frecuentes (en capítulos separados dedicados a nombres de pila y apellidos) así como de cuestiones de la motivación de los nombramientos y onomástica popular en una serie de países hispanohablantes (España, México, Argentina, etc.).

Die Monographie bietet einen Überblick über den Forschungsstand, die historische Entwicklung, den aktuellen rechtlichen Rahmen für die Namengebung, die häufigsten Personennamen (in getrennten Kapiteln zu Ruf- und Familiennamen) sowie über Fragen der Benennungsmotivation und Laienonomastik in einer Reihe spanischsprachiger Länder (Spanien, Méxiko, Argentinien usw.).

– The paper illustrates the research and data collecting activities in the field of the onomastics of Friuli (Northeast Italy) of the Società Filologica Friulana (SFF) in its one hundred years of history (1919-2019), as well as the main publications of the SFF in this sector. as well as the main publications of the SFF regarding Friulian place and personal names.
– Il saggio illustra le attività di raccolta e studio nel campo della toponomastica e antroponimia del Friuli effettuate dalla Società Filologica Friulana (SFF) nei suoi cento anni di storia (1919-2019), nonché le principali pubblicazioni della SFF di interesse onomastico.

The article discusses the problem of the small homeland of Princess Olga and Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich. Based on the annalistic data, it is possible to localize the birthplace of the Old Russian rulers in the Pskov land. The idea is expressed that Olga comes from a Slavic family, which is confirmed by the name-list of the descendants of the princely family of the Rurikovich. The reconstruction of the name of father Olga. It is concluded that it was during the reign of Olga that the process of replacing the Varangian elite with the Slavic elite began. The Baltic etymology of the Russian ambassadors of the treaty of 944/945 between Russia and Byzantium, together with the Baltic gods of the princely pantheon, is correlated with the conclusions of archaeologists and philologists about the localization of Russia, led by Rurik, in the territory of modern Kaliningrad region.

Potreba za lovom, kroćenjem i podređivanjem dovela je do toga da čovjek životinje ustrajno promatra, proučava njihovu anatomiju i ponašanje, i da su vremenom postale motivom čovjekova stvaranja u umjetnosti, slikanju ili klesanju u kamenu, i naročito književnome stvaranju: u legendama i basnama u kojima je u prvome planu drugovanje i prisni razgovori čovjeka sa životinjama što će odvesti do odnosa divljenja kroz koje čovjek oblikuje ambleme ili toteme. Medutim, najviša razina prisnosti ogleda se u činjenici da se čovjek počeo identificirati preko životinja, odnosno njihovih osobina. Prezimena motivirana životinjskim nazivljem uglavnom su hipokorističnoga postanja, eufemizmi snažnoga afektivnog naboja (svojevrsni zoo-afektivi) ili apotropejska prezimena. Pri tome, motivacija se realizira uglavnom posredno, metaforičkim odnosima, dok se u metaforićnim preslikavanjima nalaze domaće i divlje životinje, a najčešće ornitonimi-nazivi za ptice kojima se čovjek divi, od kojih strahuje ili od kojih ima korist. Druga plodna domena su krvoločne zvijeri npr. vuk, lav ili tigar.

The paper addresses the problem of improving reliability of onomastic etymologies using the example of historical and modern personal and place names of southeastern Lake Onega region. The issue is pertinent, as specialists form other fi elds (c.f. historians and ethnologists) take little account of onomastic research where serious studies and quasi-scientifi c works presenting unverifi ed data are sometimes diffi cult to separate. The paper provides examples of erroneous etymologies of personal and place names. Wrong etymologization can occur due to the neglect of written sources (the person named Shestak living in the village of Shestovo, or Terenty living in Terovo) or processes of phonetic adaptation in language contacts (Tyug- from Vepsian tühj ‘empty,’ not from tuug ‘spring sowing’). Another cause is the use of unverifi ed written sources that might include invalid variants of names due to their misspelling or incorrect rendering (Kosach instead of Kagach, Saminskoye instead of Salminskoye). Tangly ethnic and linguistic contexts, such as heterogeneity of topobases (Goik-) or the widespread prevalence of appellatives (Kubas), can also result in etymological mistakes as some name variants may be underinformative and misleading. The author off ers a complex approach for improving reliability of onomastic etymologies based on 1) expanding the source base and making comparative research of the collected data, 2) using the data of historical phonetics and phonetic adaptation in contacting languages, 3) emphasizing the so-called “exact” etymologies, 4) comparing local toponymic and anthroponymic data with onomastic evidence from other regions, 5) identifying toponyms with a greater diff erentiating linguistic potential, 6) eliminating bias which include etymologies accommodated to a specifi c language.

Статья посвящена проблеме повышения достоверности этимологий исторических и современных топонимов и антропонимов; пути решения этой проблемы рассматриваются на основе ономастического материала Юго-Восточного Обонежья.

Актуальность данного исследования обусловлена тем, что полученные ономастической наукой данные все еще недостаточно используются представителями других областей знания, в том числе историками и этнологами, что, в частности, связано с трудностями отграничения подлинно научных работ от лженаучных и недостаточно обоснованных.

В статье приведено несколько десятков примеров ошибочных этимологий топонимов и антропонимов. Эти примеры свидетельствуют о том, что одной из причин неверной этимологизации онимов является отсутствие опоры на исторические письменные источники, в том числе на содержащиеся в них сведения о бывших жителях тех или иных мест (например, не учитывается, что в деревне Шестово проживал Шестак, а в деревне Терово – Терентий).

Другая частая причина появления ложных этимологий — использование неверных вариантов названий, возникших вследствие ошибок писцов или неправильного распознавания графем при публикации рукописного источника (Косач вместо Кагач, Саминское вместо Салминское и т. п.).

Нередко появлению ошибочных этимологий топонимов и антропонимов способствуют иные причины: игнорирование закономерностей внутренней эволюции языка-источника, особенностей фонетической адаптации онимов при языковых контактах, отсутствие опоры на типологически схожий материал (включая материал других регионов), а порой и неосознанное стремление исследователя «подогнать» ту или иную этимологию под определенный язык.

Тем самым на основе детального анализа этимологических ошибок в статье сформулировано несколько первостепенных принципов повышения достоверности этимологий ономастического материала, которые, как подчеркивает автор, должны применяться комплексно.

Prezime Blažević pripada skupini prezimena antroponimnoga postanja, koja često nalazimo u najstarijim arhivskim vrelima. Nameće se stoga zaključak da je skupina prezimena nastalih od osobnih imena bila veoma učestala u 15. i 16. stoljeću. Uz to, ta je skupina i veoma rasprostranjena te prezimena antroponimnoga postanja pronalazimo posvuda u Hrvatskoj. U osnovi prezimena Blažević nalazimo osobno ime Blaž (najčešće je u vrelima bilježen latinski lik Blasius) koje je bilo veoma učestalo u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj u 15. i 16. stoljeću. O učestalosti tog osobnog imena svjedoče brojni sačuvani izvori, na temelju kojih možemo zaključiti da je na širem zagrebačkom prostoru ime Blaž bilo među deset najučestalijih muških osobnih imena. Brdovečke Blaževiće nalazimo u najstarijim sačuvanim popisima kmetova s područja susedgradsko-stubičkog vlastelinstva, koji potječu iz posljednje četvrtine 15. stoljeća. Prema podatcima u dokumentu nastalom 1476. godine u selu Drenju...

The article examines some features of Blagoevgrad nicknames-their semantic motivation and word formation. Most of the nicknames are used with semantic changed (narrowed or expanded) meaning. Stand out the nicknames that have completely opposite semantic motivation for its creation. Overall the word-formative models for the creation of Blagoevgrad nicknames coincide with the ways of word-formation in youth speech.

VOIX DE L’AU-DELÀ. LES PIERRES DE DRAGOMIRNA
L’exonarthex de la grande église du Monastère de Dragomirna abrite
cinq dalles funéraires, dont deux ont des inscriptions grecques et une n’a jamais eu d’inscription; les deux autres sont très effacées: elles conservent aujourd’hui seulement des bribes des lettres de leurs inscriptions slaves et de leur décor floral. L’évêque Melchisedec (1823–1892) en 1883 et le professeur Eugen A. Kozak (1857–1933) en 1903 avaient lu et déchiffré les inscriptions, mais sans pouvoir établir l’identité des personnages enterrés là-bas et dont les noms paraissent illisibles. De nos jours encore, on utilise les traductions roumaines établies par N. Iorga (1938) d’après les lectures de Kozak. Heureusement, ces deux inscriptions slaves ont été lues, déchiffrées et traduites vers 1883–1887 par un savant roumain très passionné et très dévoué aux recherches épigraphiques: Nicolas Beldiceanu (1844–1896). Ses décalques,
ainsi que ses copies, transcriptions et traductions ont été copieusement utilisés par N. Iorga pour le premier volume de ses Inscriptions des églises de Roumanie (Bucarest, 1905). Mais un cahier est resté inaperçu parmi les milliers de manuscrits de la Bibliothèque de l’Académie Roumaine, où il fut déposé en 1912 par D. A. Sturdza. Dans ce cahier, l’auteur a retrouvé les deux inscriptions de Dragomirna, transcrites d’une manière impeccable, presque photographique, ainsi que leurs traductions. Grâce aux dessins de Beldiceanu, on est arrivé à connaître les noms des personnages enterrés à Dragomirna. Il s’agit de deux membres de la famille des boyards Drăguşescu, dont un est fréquemment mentionné dans les documents de l’époque: Dumitraşco († 1709/1710). Il est le commanditaire d’une de ces deux dalles funéraires, destinée à recouvrir la tombe de son père, Serghie, mort le 4 juillet 1680. Mais, selon les documents, le père de Dumitraşco s’appelait Prodan Drăguşescu ! C’est un faux dilemme: il faut accepter que le personnage
eût porté en effet le nom Serghie (St. Serge), mais il était connu avec le surnom Prodan (ce qui signifie «vendu»). C’est lui qui a commandé l’autre dalle funéraire, destinée à recouvrir la tombe d’un certain Savin (peut-être un autre fils), mort le 27 janvier 1673 ou 1674. Ces noms ont été inscrits dans les anciens obituaires du monastère. À partir de ces informations, l’auteur se propose de reconstituer la généalogie de cette famille de boyards du Nord de la Moldavie historique. La dernière partie de l’article concerne un personnage connu sous le nom de Silitrarul – le salpêtrier. Apparenté aux boyards Drăguşescu, descendant lui-même de la vieille aristocratie du pays, il a dû être une sorte d’entrepreneur qui surveillait la production et l’export du salpêtre, ce qui lui a valu son surnom.

Eski Türklerde, bir çocuk dünyaya gelince ona bir “doğum adı” verilir, daha
sonra gösterdiği bir kahramanlık ya da öne çıkan çok belirgin bir vasfı
dolayısıyla “erlik adı” diye bilinen bir ad verilir ve kişi artık bu adı ile anılırdı.
İslam öncesi dönemdeki adlara baktığımızda, kişilerin özel sıfatlarıyla,
unvanlarıyla birlikte anıldıklarını görüyoruz. Baba, anne adı ile birlikte adı
kaydedilmiş bir kişi adına rastlamıyoruz. Ancak İslam sonrası dönemde, özellikle
Arap kültürünün etkisiyle, baba, dede ve anne adıyla birlikte anıldıkları
görülmektedir. Bu durum, dini, ilmi, edebi muhitlerde oldukça yaygınlaştığı gibi,
Dede Korkut gibi, tamamen milli bir metin olarak gördüğümüz anlatılarda bile
görülmektedir. Diller ve toplumlar elbette birbirinden etkilenir ve çeşitli alışverişlerde bulunurlar. Bu gayet doğaldır. Başka dillerden alınan, kelimeler, ekler
vb. somut, nesnel ögeler gözle görüldüğü için yabancı kökenli oldukları hemen
fark edilebilmekte ve çeşitli şekillerde gösterilmektedir. Ancak, kavram ve gramer
çevrileri gibi, soyut ve sisteme dair olanlar gözle görülmediği için bu unsurların
yabancı kökenli olduğunu fark etmek zordur.Bu bildiride, genelde İslam öncesi ve
İslam sonrası, özelde ise Arap kültür ve geleneğindeki adlandırmanın bir boyutu
ile Türk kültüründeki adlandırmanın bir boyutu karşılaştırılarak, ortaya çıkan
sonuçlar değerlendirilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Adlandırma, Adbilim, Kişiadbilim, Türklerde Ad Verme, Arap
Etkisi, Erlik Adı.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical and anthroponymic picture of Bosnia and Herzegovina through an analysis of its family names. So, this paper analyzes surnames motivated by the terms of cuisine culture: names for dishes and drinks, the ways they are prepared and the instruments in that process. That is done on the basis of the following criteria: the etymology of the surnames (belonging to a native, foreign or immigrant cuisine, actually belonging to languages: latin, slavic or oriental), the semantic motivation of the surnames (the ethnological criteria that may be involved in choosing a particular surname), the formation of the surnames (formational analysis), the structure of the surnames (the variants of a surname conditioned by phonetic and / or phonological alternation of speech sounds), and compared with the relevant onomastic literature. Considering, name and surname is cultural phrase, with specific geographical characteristics and the religious motives.

This article is devoted to the reinterpretation of proper names refering to one of the earliest historical sources concerning Polish history, known as “Dagome iudex” (ca 991–992 BC).
The author focuses on the question of how to interpret some uncertain Latinized versions of Slavic names included in this document. For example, some historians interpret Dagome as a bastardized version of the words Ego Mesco dux meaning “I, prince Mieszko”. According to the opinion of the majority of scholars, Alemure might be the city of Olomouc, in Moravia. A paleographical and micro-philological analysis leads the author to the conclusion that these Medieval Latin forms should be transcribed as follows: Dagome – Tągoma, Misica – Mieszek, Schinesgne – Gniezno and Alemure – Lemiesza. In the author’s opinion, the document provides a description of Polish western borders including the Lower Silesia and ending at the Lusatian Neisse and the Oder, at the end of
10th century. A new interpretation of the document is discussed, suggesting that the main purpose of Mieszko was problably to prevent German territorial claims on the borderlands.

In this article we attempt to analyze the anthroponomy of Ineu as presented from the seventeenth century until the eighteenth, in order to offer more answers not only of a cultural nature, but also ethnical, patrimonial and social. The basis for this article are primary sources such as the register of fief conscriptions from 1605, 1746 and 1777. There are two objectives that this scientific studies attempts to accomplish. The first one encompasses a multitude of research topics: to analyze surnames in regards to their origin divided in a number of categories (For example: those derived from their place of origin, from crafts, ethnical meaning or nicknames). The second objective refers to the creation of statistical evaluations regarding the spread of surnames originating in the Old Testament, the New Testament, divinity or from saints' names from the thirteenth until the eighteenth century. After the statistical review and interpretation process we decided to create charts and graphics through which we can show the influence of both the Western and Eastern Church upon the naming tradition of Ineu.

U radu se analiziraju bosanskohercegovačka prezimena kojima su u procesu postanka kao motivi poslužili nazivi za rodbinu i svojtu, te oni koji su nastajali iz nekih drugih medusobnih odnosa unutar zajednice (kumstvo, pobratimstvo). S tim u vezi, cilj rada je analizom prezimena upotpuniti historijsku i antroponimijsku sliku Bosne i Hercegovine, odnosno na osnovu prezimenskoga korpusa steći predodžbu o gentilnome uređenju iz perioda poprezimenjavanja, i o raznolikosti rodbinsko-svojbinskoga nazivlja u kojem je, zbog socioloških promjena na terenu, moguće potvrditi sociolingvističke promjene. Prezimena su analizirana sa stajališta: etimologije, semantike, tvorbe, strukture i oblika (koji su uslovljeni fonetsko-fonološkom alternacijom glasova) uz poređenje sa kovergentnim sadržajima relevantne onomastičke literature. Definirana je tema istraživačkoga tipa, primarno proizlazi iz onomastike kao znanstvene dicipline jezikoslovlja, a kontekstualno pripada leksikologiji.

El presente artículo pretende abordar la cuestión de la interpretación del nombre de Badajoz a través de la clave aportada por Matías Ramón Martínez a comienzos del siglo XX: su valoración como el posible derivado del antropónimo de un propietario agrícola hispanorromano. Para ello se hará especial hincapié en la teoría manifestada por el citado autor, ahondándose en el análisis crítico de sus fundamentos y sus posibilidades de asociación efectiva con el topónimo.

Il volume raccoglie il patrimonio onomastico desunto da un documento redatto a Ferrara nel 1310, quando la città passa sotto la diretta sovranità della Chiesa e si sottomette all’autorità di papa Clemente V. I nomi dei circa 3500 cittadini che sottoscrivono il giuramento di fedeltà sono studiati in prospettiva storico-linguistica e analizzati nella loro distribuzione geografi ca. Poiché le scelte onomastiche di qualsiasi
ambiente sono diretta espressione della sua cultura, emerge il quadro di una società colta nel delicato momento del trapasso da tradizioni  antiche a interessi nuovi: al folto gruppo degli antroponimi germanici e a qualche sporadica citazione del mondo classico si affiancano i più recenti agionimi e i personali di tradizione epico-cavalleresca. Consistente è anche il numero dei nomi delessicali che permettono di documentare indirettamente alcuni tratti di un volgare ancora sommerso, ma in procinto di uscire allo scoperto nei testi ferraresi del secondo Trecento.

CARLA MARIA SANFILIPPO insegna Linguistica italiana all'Università di Ferrara. Tra i suoi lavori principali, le edizioni commentate del Carteggio Rajna-Salvioni (Pisa, 1979), degli Assempri di Filippo degli Agazzari (Roma, 1993) e il manuale Lingua e dialetti in Italia (Ferrara, 2000). Si è occupata anche di dialettologia antica, con studi sul ravennate e sulla tenzone tridialettale veneta. Attualmente i suoi interessi sono rivolti soprattutto alla linguistica storica e alle sue applicazioni in ambito onomastico.

Дослідження показало кількісне та якісне співвідношення онімної лексики з художнім цілим роману І. Франка «Перехресні стежки». Серед антропонімів переважають власні назви персонажів. Номінуючи своїх героїв на ім’я чи прізвище, за соціальним станом чи посадою, автор не тільки підпорядковується етикетним нормам свого часу, а й виявляє своє ставлення до них. Етно-територіальний розподіл антропонімів і топонімів, які охоплюють як українські назви, так й оніми далекого зарубіжжя, демонструє соціальну стратифікацію Галичини того часу, яку становили три найбільші етнічні групи: українці, поляки, євреї. Отже, онімний простір роману «Перехресні стежки» є структурносеміотичним компонентом цілісного художнього твору, несе важливу багатоаспектну лінгвістичну та екстралінгвістичну інформацію.
оніми
Ключові слова онімний простір, онім. антропонім, топонім, ідеонім, ергонім, кінонім, статистична структура тексту

ОНИМНОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО РОМАНА ІВАНА ФРАНКО                                          «ПЕРЕКРЕСТНЫЕ ТРОПЫ»
В исследовании определено количественное и качественное соотношение онимной лексики с художественным целым романа И. Франко «Перекрестные тропы» (1900). Тут зафиксированы 126 разных онимов в 2 167 словоупотреблениях. Антропонимы (72) количественно доминируют над топонимами (45), идеонимами (3), эргонимами (3), названиями праздников (2), кинонимами (1). В статье показаны способы выражения отношения автора к персонажам посредством их номинации. Этно-территориальное распределение антропонимов и топонимов демонстрирует социальную стратификацию Галичины того времени. Онимное пространство романа «Перекрестные тропы» является структурно-семиотическим компонентом целостного художественного произведения, несет важную многоаспектную лингвистическую и экстралингвистическую информацию.
Ключевые слова: онимное пространство, антропоним, топоним, идеоним, эргоним, макро- и микроструктура текста.

Buk S. N. PROPER-NAME SPACE OF PEREKHRESNI STEЋKY (THE CROSS-PATHS), A NOVEL BY IVAN FRANKO
In this research the quantitative and qualitative relations between proper names and the whole text of Perekhresni steћky (The Cross-Paths) (1900), a novel by Ivan Franko are defined. In the novel, 126 different proper names are identified in 2 167 tokens. The anthroponyms (72) quantitatively prevail the toponyms (45), ideonyms (3), ergonyms (3), names of feasts (2), etc. In the article, the ways to express author’s attitude to the characters by their names are described. The ethno-territorial distribution of antroponyms and toponyms demonstrates the social stratification of Halychyna during that time. The proper-name space of the novel is structural and semiotic component of the whole text, it has important multiaspect linguistic and extralinguistic information.
Key words: proper-name space, anthroponym, toponym, ideonym, ergonym, macro- and microstructure of text.

On the etymology of the word Ağrıs//Ağras and its use as a proper name in Turkey Turkish
Об этимологии слова Ağrıs//Ağras и употребление его как собственного имени в турецком языке
Öz: Makalede, * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras kelimesinin etimolojisinden art ve eş zamanlı olarak söz edilmiş, kişi adlarının etnik, dini, milli, psikolojik ve sosyokültürel kullanım eğilimleri üzerinde durulmuştur. A:q//ak//ağ kök, o R ve o I ek morfemlerinin füzyon birleşimi sonucunda ağır//ağrı-sözcüklerinin türediği gösterilmiştir. Bu leksik-morfolojik birleşime-ş çatı ekinin getirilmesiyle * ağırış-fiili, ı˃a ve ş˃s fonetik yer değiştirimleriyle ise ağrıs//ağras leksik özel ad varyantları oluşmuştur: Ağ//ak-ağır//ağrı// * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras. Ağrıs ve ağras kelimeleri, Türkiye Türkçesinde hem toponim hem de antroponim olarak kullanılmaktadır.
Abstract: In this essay, the etymology of the words * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras (to hurt or ache together) are mentioned diachronically and simultaneously. Moreover, the ethnical, religious, national, psychological and sociocultural use tendencies of proper names are dwelt on. It is shown that combining a:q//ak//ağ as the stem, and o R and o I as the affix morphemes in a fusion way, the words ağır//ağrı-are derived. When the voice-morpheme –ş is brought into this lexical-morphologic combination, the verb * ağırış-is obtained; by changing the phonetical locations of ı˃a and ş˃s, lexical proper name variamts of the word ağrıs//ağras are procured: Ağ//ak-ağır//ağrı// * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras. The words ağrıs and ağras are still used in Turkey Turkish as both toponym and atoponym.
Aннотация:В статье освещена этимология слова * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras как в синхронном, так и в диахронном аспектах, рассматривались также их этнические, религиозные, национальные, психологические и социокультурные тенденции употребления. Указывается, что слова ağır//ağrı-образовались в результате фузионного сплавления морфем: коренной а:q//ak//ağ и аффиксальной o R и o I. В результате прибавления залогообразовательного аффикса-ş к данному лексико-морфологическому сплавлению, образовался глагол * ağırış-. А посредством фонетических чередований звуков ı˃a и ş˃s, собственно-лексические варианты имен ağrıs//ağras подверглись следующим лингвистико-морфонологическим изменениям: аğ//ak-ağır//ağrı// * ağırış// * ağrıs//ağras. Слова аğrıs и ağras употребляются в турецком языке в качестве топонимов и антропонимов.

Öz: Türk dilinin konuşulduğu sahalardaki kişi adlarının filolojik ve kültürel açıdan değerlendirilmesi, Türk dili tarihîne ve sosyo-kültürel tarih çalışmalarına hizmet etmektedir. Farklı dönemlere ait yazılı belgelerdeki kişi adlarının incelenmesi, dinî, coğrafi ve kültürel farklılıkların etkisini belirleme açısından da önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Kırım Hanlığı döneminden kalma 378 yarlık (ferman) ve hattın (mektup) bulunduğu Zernov neşriyatındaki kişi adları incelenmiştir. Kırım sahasında geçen yerli ve yabancı kökenli kişi adları alt başlıklara ayrılarak listelenmiştir. Sonrasında Türkçe kökenli kişi adları yapı ve türlerine göre tasnif edilmiştir. Bu adlar filolojik ve tarihsel perspektif içinde incelenmiş, Türk dilinin tarihî belgeleriyle karşılaştırılarak Türk ad verme geleneği üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: ad bilimi (onomastik), kişi adları (antroponim), Türk ad bilimi, tarihî Kırım Türkçesi, Kırım Hanlığı.
Anthroponyms in the Crimean Yarliks
Abstract: The philological and cultural evaluation of the personal names in the areas where the Turkish language is spoken serves the history of the Turkish language and socio-cultural history studies. Examining the personal names in written documents belonging to different periods is also important in terms of determining the effect of religious, geographical and cultural differences. In this study, the personal names in the Zernov publication, which contains 378 edicts (yarlik) and letters (hat) from the period of the Crimean Khanate, have been examined. The personal names of native and foreign origin in the Crimea area have been listed under subheadings. After that, the personal names of Turkish origin have been classified according to their structure and type. These names have been examined in a philological and historical perspective and evaluated through the Turkish naming tradition by comparing them with historical documents of the Turkish language.
Key Words: onomastic, anthroponyms, Turkish onomastics, historical Crimean Turkish, Crimean Khanate.