Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
2015 •
Rigid pavements are those which posses note worthy flexural strength or flexural rigidity. The stresses are not transferred from grain to grain to the lower layers as in the ease of flexible pavements layers the rigid pavements are made of Portland cement concrete-either plain, reinforced or prestressed concrete. The plain cement concrete slabs are expected to take up about 40 kg/cm2 flexural stress. As the rigid pavements slab has tensile strength, tensile stresses are developed due to the bending of the slab under wheel load and temperature variations thus the type of stress develop and their distribution within the cement concrete slab are quit different. The rigid pavement does not get deformed to the shape of the lower surface as it can bridge the minor variation of lower layer.
The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
2018 •
The cost saving regarding vehicles operation, travel time and road maintenance has one eye-catching benefit via increasing pavement sustainability through maintaining the material sources and reducing the emissions of gases resulted from the processing of derivative products. Furthermore, the rate of increase of traffic on unpaved road is considered as a strong indicator to construct paved roads over this area. In the present paper, the Nasiriya-Abu Ghar road was studied. It is one of the important unpaved roads. Its importance lies in the transport of construction materials from Abu Ghar quarries to the near provinces in Iraq, such as Dhi Qar Province. Abu Ghar quarries are considered as one of the most important quarries because it contains different construction materials such as gravel, limestone and sand. These materials have high engineering properties. Thus, the absence of a paved road linking Abu Ghar quarries with the surrounding areas, especially the province of Dhi Qar, encouraged to conduct a technical and economic feasibility study to highlight it and to help the decisionmakers to implement the project. The present study contributes in statement of the economic and environmental feasibility of the construction of a new suggested road over the old unpaved one. The study depends on the hypothesis that the old road has a bad condition while the new one is an asphaltic concrete pavement with a good condition. The manual counting method of traffic volume was used from 7:00 am to 4:00 pm for 7 days to determine the peak hour volume and average daily traffic. Road's construction and maintenance costs were estimated. Saving in the road user costs for both existing (old) and new-suggested roads were calculated to be considered as benefits. The economic study is achieved by comparing the discounted total road costs and their benefits to the basic year (starting year of the project). In the present study, the adopted discount rate is 8%. To find the economic feasibility, some criteria were tested. These criteria are: Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit– Cost Ratio (B/C) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results show that NPV has a positive value equals to 40,269,371 US$, which means that benefits are greater than costs. Furthermore, B/C ratio was 2.54; comparing with a value of 1.0, which is encouraging. Finally, the IRR was located between discount rates of 20% and 25 %, with a value of 22.9% which is higher than 8% "the recommended in the road projects".
Pavement Mechanics (11451) Handout Notes - Asphalt Pavements
Pavement Mechanics - Handout Notes2021 •
My 2021 updated notes for DTU 11451: "Pavement Mechanics." This is a Master level course (5 ECTS) covering advanced topics related to the mechanics of both asphalt and concrete pavements. The notes only cover the first part of the course dealing with asphalt pavements. Some of the concrete-related notes (and more) are included in my book: https://www.polyteknisk.dk/home/Detaljer/9788797231708
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT)
IJERT-To Study of Pavement Failure in Rigid and Flexible Pavement2019 •
https://www.ijert.org/to-study-of-pavement-failure-in-rigid-and-flexible-pavement https://www.ijert.org/research/to-study-of-pavement-failure-in-rigid-and-flexible-pavement-IJERTCONV7IS12009.pdf Transportation system is the backbone of a country's economy. A country's economical growth depends on how better the form of transportation system is available. Roads are the common aspect of a land based transportation system. Goods are mostly transferred by roads in developing countries by trucks and people use roads to move around as it is a cheap mode of transportation. So, when a highway fails it causes a great harm in economy and the life of the people who are dependent on the highway. A simple failure in a highway crates domino effects. In a cycle this simple failure does not only affect the lives of people on that region but also the economy of the country. This paper investigates empirically the socio and economic impact of a highway failure and the well-being of the people living in the proximity. It points out the connection between the importance of highway system and what happens when this system gets tempered and what are the effects and the solution regarding this failure. We have tries our best to make it a standard paper and used information from a lot of sources and analyzed the problems.
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.
May, N. N. 2022 Women in Cult in First Millennium BCE Mesopotamia. In K. Graef, et al. (eds.): The Mummy Under the Bed. Essays on Gender and Methodology in the Ancient Near East. Münster, 125-156
N.N. May 2022 Women in Cult Corrected2022 •
Economics, Management and Sustainability
Exploring the nexus between banking stability and market value: Evidence from the Iraqi banking sector2024 •
Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative
The Code of Maya Kings and Queens: Encoding and Markup of Maya Hieroglyphic Writing2021 •
Intensive Care Medicine
Critically ill cancer patient’s resuscitation: a Belgian/French societies’ consensus conference2021 •
2007 •
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
Glutamate Promotes Contraction of the Rat Ductus Arteriosus2016 •
Climate Change Management
Building Community Resilience and Strengthening Local Capacities for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Zongoene (Xai-Xai District), Gaza Province2016 •
Journal of plant science and phytopathology
Evaluation of Biostimulants Based on Recovered Protein Hydrolysates from Animal By-products as Plant Growth Enhancers2023 •
Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
Hz. Peygamber (sav)’in Kurduğu Devlette Milli İradeJournal of Applied Polymer Science
Enhancing resistance of poly(ether ketone ketone) to high‐temperature steam through crosslinking and crystallization control2019 •