The Second Tyrian Coin in the Anadol Hoard (IGCH 866) (Pat Wheatley, University of Western Australia) T he Anadol hoard of gold staters, discovered in 1895 by two peasants in what is now the Ukraine,' contained about 1200 coins of Philip 11, Alexander 111, and the early Diadochoi. Despite the enormous size of the hoard and the significance of its contents, it has eluded comprehensive historical scrutiny, perhaps because of the relative inaccessibility of the editio princeps, which was published in Russian in 1902.2 Henri Seyrig supplied a French translation of the f i s t three paragraphs of Pridik's work in 1969, detailing the circumstances of the find, and observed even then that a new edition by an experienced numismatist was required in the interests of a better understanding of the posthumous coinage of Alexander.3 Such an edition is still awaited, and the present note seeks only to detect the second stater (of two) from Tyre which were apparently present in the hoard. One of these staters has been classified by Martin Price as Anadol 22: but the identity of the other is unclear, as Pridik's publication was not arranged systematically, nor l l l y illustrated.5 Now however, thanks to the discovery in 1997 of a large hoard of tetradrachms in the Levant which contained over 100 posthumous Alexanders from Tyre, it is now possible to identify the second Tyrian coin from Anadol. The preliminary publication of what is now known as the Phoenicia 1997 hoard has been accomplished by Charles Hersh: but the addition of so many new specimens to the Antigonid coinage from Tyre necessitated a complete rearrangement of these issues for the first time since Edward T. Newell's ground-breaking Tyrus Rediviva in 1923.7 This was achieved in exemplary fashion by Hersh in a second article in the same jo~rnal.~ 1 Originally the district of h a i l in Bessarabia. The village of Anadol, also known as Dolinskoye, is situated near the pi partite border of the Ukraine, Romania, and the Republic of Moldova, north of the Danube at 45" 28' N, 28" 20' E, adjacent to Ozero (lake) Kagul, approximately 4km along the road east of Reni; see Official Standard Names Approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, USSR,vol. I, A-B, (Washington D.C. 1970) p. 135. 2 I.E.M. Pridik, 'The Anadol hoard of gold staters, 1895', Izvestija Imperatorskoj Archeologifeskoj Kamisii 3 (1902) 1-35 [I have cited the page numbers here as I have them in my own copy of this publication, but note that most citations have page numbers 58 or 59-92] H. Seyrig, 'Monnaies Hell6nistiques XV. Date et circonstances du t16sor d'hadol', RN 11 (1969) 40-5. For early bibliography see Noe no. 46 (cf. 74); also IGCH 866; G. Le Rider, Le monnayage d'argent et d'or de Philippe IIfiappi en Macidoine de 3-59 6 294 (Paris 1977) 282; M.J. Price, The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus (Zurichnondon 1991) 59. Seyrig (42-45) has convincingly refined the date of burial to 228-220 B.C. Price 1991,3557. Pridik's knowledge of the Alexander coinage was, of course, limited to nineteenth century scholarship, and consequently contains numerous, now recognised, errors, e.g. Anadol 438, attributed to Side, is in fact fiom Mesembria (see Price 1979,249, n. 32); and there is some confusion over the Sinope and Sidon coins, both with SI legend: nos. II.454, 459-60 (Sidon, Price 1991, 3490, 3494) & 11.455-58, 461-65 (Sinope, Price 1991, 1222, 1225). 6 C.A. Hersh, 'The Phoenicia 1997 Hoard of Alexander-type Tetmdrachms', AJN 10 (1998a) 37-40. This publication is, as Mr Hersh observed, not exhaustive due to time limitations, and further investigation was cut short by his death on January 5th 1999. However, a precise list of the types Mr Hersh saw from the hoard is supplied on p. 39. 7 E.T. Newell, Tyms Rediviva (New York 1923). 8 C.A. Hersh, 'Tynrs Rediviva Reconsidered', AJiV 10 (199%) 41-59. THE SECOND TYRIAN COIN IN THE ANADOL HOARD (IGCH 866) 79 Most of the new Tyrian material which has turned up since 1923, both gold and silver, is rearranged and re-catalogued here, and a key to the complex monograms of the Tyrian coinage is constructed. This can be compared profitably with Pridik's table of monograms found on the Anadol coins. Using this method, it seems almost certain that the second Tyrian stater in the Anadol hoard is Pridik's number 473, which is listed by Newell as Series 1.8, and by Hersh as number 23.9 Pridik's entry on this specimen may here be reproduced: 473. MOH, 67 1.1 ~pe3y6eqb sb ~ p y r %(?) 1.inlrl me HencHan MOHOrpaMMa 6% ~ O A % M, 1595, B%c% 8,57, C', CTaTeph He m n a ~ b1.i ~ e m s % c ~ ~ npol.rcxonc~e~i aro n; CM, ~ a 6 n ,X, 473. Monogram 67 and trident in circle (?) or unclear monogram related to Miiller 1595. Weight 8.57g. Stater not published and of unknown origin; see Table X.1° The illustrations of Pridik, Newell and Hersh are identifiable as the same coin by the position of Nike on the reverse flan: she is placed high, with head cut off precisely at the bridge of the nose. This coin was recorded by Newel1 as being at Petrograd (St Petersburg), which provides further evidence that it is our Anadol specimen, as the bulk of the hoard was bought by order of the Tsar and placed in the Bureau of Medals of the Imperial Hermitage. So far so good, but there is a problem with the monograms, both of which are quite worn on this coin. Pridik's right wing monogram 67 @ for the coin does not correspond exactly with Hersh's monogram 30: 0.It lacks the lower loop of the B joined to the right-hand upright of the M, thus rather forming a P adjoined to the M. However, the lower loop appears to be present upon scrutiny of Pridik's illustration. Moreover, Hersh's carell lifelong study and illustration of these monograms has not produced a specimen exactly like Pridik's number 67, and it seems reasonable to suggest that the latter did not render this monogram correctly. This is perhaps borne out by Newel1 and Price, who both record the same form of monogram for this coin." The monogram in the left field of had01473 is on the edge of the flan, and therefore hard to see, but Pridik describes it as a trident in a circle, perhaps related to the monogram on Miiller's tetradrachm number 1595.12 This description fits well with Newell's and Price's representation of the monogram on the stater under scrutiny,l3 which certainly resembles a trident, and corresponds to Hersh's monogram 22: @. Hersh designates the 9 Illustrated Pridik 1902, PI. l o P r i d i 1902, 18. 11 The monogram is best X.473 (reverse only); Newell 1923, PI. 1.8; Hersh 1998b, PI. 8.23a. viewed on a tehadmchm from the Phoenicia 1997 hoard in Hash's collection: see the excellent illustration in Hersh 1998b PI. 8.24~.It should be noted that Newell renders the monogram in a slightly different manner, but clearly means to follow Miiller 1597, which he crossreferences in his tehadmchm Series I, no. 9, with the same monogram. Reference to Miiller provides the correct form, which is followed by Price 1991,3536 and 3537, and Hersh 1998b, 23 and 24. Miiller placed this coin under the heading of 'Incerti' of 'Syria, Phoenice et Palaestina'. '2 Three specimens of Miiller 1595 are in the British Museum, and two are illustrated in Price 1991 (3538a & c). The monograms on these coins are clearly visible, but differ slightly from Miller's representations, hence inhis concordance to Miller, Price gives the equation 1596 = 1595 (= Price 3538; cf. Newell 1923, Series 1.10). Support is provided for the conclusion of the present note by the fact that Pridik related the left field monogram of had01473 to Miiller 1595, and Newell and Price both attribute Miiller's coin to Tyre. '3 That is, Newell 1923, Series 1.8 and Price 1991, 3536. 80 PAT WHEATLEY monogram on this coin as number 29: @ , but for a number of reasons I would suggest this to be an error. Firstly, number 29 is a monogram unique to this single stater, and sits uneasily in the series of tetradrachms and staters Eom Hersh 16 to 24 inclusive, which without exception display monogram 22 in the left field. Secondly, Newell, followed by Price, records the equivalent of Hersh's monogram 22 for this coin. Thirdly, Hersh himself remarks (1998b, p. 55) that monograms 22,24,25 and 29 are all variations on the same theme, and all, incidentally, resemble a trident: @ @ @ @ . This leaves some room for confusion between these similar forms, which may be exacerbated by wear and misalignment or displacement off the flan. Lastly, and most decisively, the left field monogram on Hersh 23a appears to have an underbar, and this is apparent in both Newell's and Pridik's illustrations. Hersh's monogram 29 has no underbar, and should therefore be ruled out for this coin (and indeed, eliminated kom the catalogue altogether, as it appears nowhere else). Monogram 22 and its relations do have underbars, and Hersh's catalogue should be amended to read: 23. Stater. 3536 =ITR 8. LF 22: @ ,RW 30: @ We may therefore conclude that Anadol 473 is the second Tyrian stater kom this hoard, which produces the equation: Anado1473 =Newell 1.8 =Price 3536 = Hersh 23. It is in fact a unique specimen, being the only extant example of Hersh 23, and was probably issued in tandem with the tetradrachm Hersh 24 (= Newel1 1.9 = Price 3537), as it shares the same monograms, and is part of a long related series of gold and silver beginning with Hersh 16 and ending at 29, all of which have a form of monogram 22.14 l4 I wish to thank my colleagues, Cornelia Wunsch and John Melville-Jones, for generously sharing their expertise with me while I was writing this note.