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Comparative Literature is categorized among interdisciplinary studies and tries to bridge a gap between different and separated spheres of human studies. Adaptation studies is a subdivision of Comparative Literature that makes a bond between Literature and Cinema. Both Literature and Cinema are two different mediums or different means of expression. Each has its own language to convey meaning. While novel uses words, cinema uses visual and aural images to convey meaning. Linda Hutchean is a famous adaptation theorist and her theories are used by many critics. She categorizes four different parts for her theory. What? Who and Why? How? When and Where? Through these four main parts, she scrutinizes adaptation process. What, refers to the form, changes, gains and losses, using different tools to convey meaning. Who, refers to the adapter. She poses this question that in adaptation process who is the real adapter? Director, composer, screenplay writer or editor? Why, refers to the motivation of the adapter. She tries to find out different motivation of an adapter to adapt a work. When and Where, refers to the time and place of the adaptation process and its influence both during creation and reception process. In this article all of these four main parts of Hutcheon’s theory are scrutinized over 2013 adaptation of The Great Gatsby by Buz Luhrmann. Similarities and differences between a novel and film are illuminated through this research. By determining differences between a film and a novel, hidden and unhidden aspects of the novel will be illuminated and this is a pleasure that a comparatist seeks.
The thesis explores how the literary status of Fitzgerald’s novel published in 1925 evolved from being dismissed to becoming a canonical work of American Literature after the death of its author. The role of criticism and adaptations and how they intertwined to popularize the novel among the academic elite and the general public is examined. Four critical studies in different decades of recent history are analyzed to show the different approaches to the novel as well as its relation to the American Dream. The thesis suggests that the four critical studies discussed reflect viewpoints impacted by the cultural and socio-economic factors that marked the decade of their appearance: Kermit Moyer (1973), Ross Posnock (1984), Ray Canterbery (1999), and Benjamin Shreier (2007). Their approaches demonstrate the many ways The Great Gatsby can be viewed and thus its richness as a text. The three film adaptations of the novel in turn depict directors’ take on the novel as well as exhibiting the limitations, predilections, and technical possibilities of the time of their production: Nugent’s (1949), Clayton’s (1974), and Luhrmann’s (2013). The controversial aspects of these adaptations as indicated by reviews and articles, which evaluate them as to how they present Gatsby and the American Dream, have increased the debate and the interest in the novel. Though the novel is located in the U.S. in the Roaring Twenties associated with the Jazz Age, it continues to speak to present audience by evoking issues related to class, mobility, ethics, and romance.
fundamentos de administración financiera
The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of off-season vegetable farming on farmers in the Savelugu Municipality in the Northern Region. The study population consisted of respondents who were into offseason vegetable farming in the Savelugu Municipality in five selected communities in the Municipality. Purposive sampling technique was used for a sample size of fifty (50) off season farmers in the selected communities. Interview guide and questionnaire were used to solicit data for the study. The data were analyse in a step-by-step thematic analysis that included reading the transcriptions, coding, reviewing and naming themes. Thereafter, descriptive statistics namely frequency, means, and percentages were used to analyze the data in MS-Excel. Off-Season vegetable production technology can be practiced by maintaining or adjusting planting time, selecting of varieties, creating artificial and controlled environment through use of tunnels, polytene house, glass houses, hot bed etc. Moreso, Off-Season vegetable helps to get income showed the highest rank with the overall mean score of 1. Nearly all the trained farmers said that their main constraint was the high incidence of pests and diseases. It is evident that off-season cultivation is profitable and has significant impact on the consumption expenditure and food security status of the farmers. The policy implication of this study is that providing improved and modern agricultural inputs to off season farmers is essential in agriculture for rural development.
Revista Cult de Cultura
A ANÁLISE DOS VALORES NAS HISTÓRIAS EM QUADRINHOS THE ANALYSIS OF VALUES IN COMICS2021 •
Resumo As pesquisas sobre valores se desenvolvem em várias ciências humanas e a reflexão teórica sobre esse tema é realizada pela filosofia, sociologia e psicologia, entre outras disciplinas. Os valores se manifestam em todas as produções culturais e artísticas e, por conseguinte, também se manifestam nas histórias em quadrinhos. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre a técnica de análise dos valores, mostrando os seus procedimentos analíticos. Para tanto, efetiva-se uma discussão sobre as regras analíticas da análise de valores e, posteriormente, uma utilização de tal técnica no caso de algumas tiras de histórias em quadrinhos. Palavras-chaves: Análise dos Valores. Histórias em Quadrinhos. Regras Analíticas. Valores. Predominância Valorativa. Abstract Researches on values develop in several human sciences and the theoretical reflection on this theme is carried out by philosophy, sociology and psychology, among other disciplines. Values are manifested in all cultural and artistic productions and, therefore, are also manifested in comic books. The objective of the article is to present a reflection on the technique of analysis of values, showing their analytical procedures. For that, a discussion about the analytical rules of the analysis of values is carried out and, later, a use of such technique in the case of some comic strip. Keywords: Values Analysis; Comics. Analytical Rules. Values. Valuation Predominance. Revista Interdisciplinar sobre Arte Sequencial, Mídias e Cultura Pop, São Leopoldo, v. 1, n.1, p. 52-66, jul./2021.
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