Peter Kevan
University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Faculty Member
- Biology, Visual Studies, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Zoology, Botany, and 14 moreAnimal Behavior, Biodiversity, Evolutionary Ecology, Paleobiology, Animal Ecology, Ethnobotany, Agriculture (Biology), Ecophysiology, Phytopathology, Palinology, Aerobiology, Epistemology of environmental sciences, Environmental Sustainability, and Behavioral Ecologyedit
- I am an ecologists with broad interdisciplinary interests, especially in plant/animal relationships mostly in pollina... moreI am an ecologists with broad interdisciplinary interests, especially in plant/animal relationships mostly in pollination. I work in natural and managed ecosystems from the Arctic to the Tropics.edit
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Research Interests: Biology and Honey Bees
Page 1. American Bee Journal 694 by PETER G. KEVAN1, MA HANNAN1, N. OSTIGUY2 and ERNESTO GUZMAN-NOVOA1 ... 1999. Acute paralysis virus of honey bee (Apis mellifera) in a Hungarian apiary infest-ed with Varroa jacobsoni mite. Allatorvosok... more
Page 1. American Bee Journal 694 by PETER G. KEVAN1, MA HANNAN1, N. OSTIGUY2 and ERNESTO GUZMAN-NOVOA1 ... 1999. Acute paralysis virus of honey bee (Apis mellifera) in a Hungarian apiary infest-ed with Varroa jacobsoni mite. Allatorvosok Lapja 121: 601-603. ...
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Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA, Brasil Biblioteca Nacional de Agricultura - BINAGRI Búsqueda general: Formato: Default. Cantidad a desplegar: 1, Orden ascendente: Búsqueda por diccionario: ...
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Go to AGRIS search. American bee journal (Feb 1997). Protecting bees from tracheal mites: a novel approach. ...
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Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O’ Donell (Convolvulaceae) is a common, native herb in open grasslands (Campos Gerais) of northeastern Brazil. At Pai Inácio Mountain, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (12º 27´41”S, 41º 28’ 34”W), we... more
Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O’ Donell (Convolvulaceae) is a common, native herb in open grasslands (Campos Gerais) of northeastern Brazil. At Pai Inácio Mountain, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (12º 27´41”S, 41º 28’ 34”W), we made daily observations from 6:30 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. from 25 April to 29 April, 2003 and on May 31, 2005. The stereomorphic corolla of the weakly scented flowers was 4.04 mm mean diameter, tube depth was 3.12 mm, and the mean diameter of the gullet was 1.17 mm. Anthesis is diurnal, between 06:30 a.m. and 07:45 a.m. and floral longevity varied between 9-10 h. Nectar secretion occurred from 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m., and the standing crop of nectar per flower increased from 0.67 ml (7:00 a.m.) to 2.5 ml (09:00 a.m.) then declining. The nectar sugar concentration was low (22%). Bees were the most frequent visitors, and were classified into six morpho-functional categories. Their daily foraging pattern was synchronized with nectar availability, being conce...
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Diptera are important flower visitors and pollinators for many plant species and in a variety of habitats. Although Diptera are not as well studied as other groups of pollinators, there is a growing literature that we review here about... more
Diptera are important flower visitors and pollinators for many plant species and in a variety of habitats. Although Diptera are not as well studied as other groups of pollinators, there is a growing literature that we review here about the ecology of their foraging behaviour and their effectiveness as pollinators. We consider (1) how their foraging is constrained by the interaction among body size, colour, and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind, and light; (2) what is known about their foraging at scales ranging from their movements between flowers on a plant, between individuals in a population, and among species in a community (i.e., constancy); and (3) the evidence for effects of intra-and interspecific competition on foraging. We conclude with a discussion of the effectiveness of Diptera as pollinators. The available data suggest that Diptera exhibit many of the same foraging behaviours as other flower visitors and that they are effective pollinators in bo...
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Abstract Pest management is a critical component of both agricultural and forestry production systems and for human health. In the 20th century, chemical pesticides became increasingly sophisticated as the standard control measures.... more
Abstract Pest management is a critical component of both agricultural and forestry production systems and for human health. In the 20th century, chemical pesticides became increasingly sophisticated as the standard control measures. However, other approaches, such as biological control, were also developed and in the 21st century more and more advocated as viable options to chemicals. Biological control agents are living organisms (or parts of living organisms) that interfere with the productivity of other living organisms. In terms of biotechnology, biological control agents are used by human beings for the protection of resources that they want. Biological control agents encompass a wide range of organisms from vertebrates, insects, mites, plants, fungi, bacteria, to viruses as well as, in the broad sense, natural chemicals. Biological control programs have been successfully used to control noxious weeds, plant pathogens, and invertebrate and vertebrate pests of crops, livestock, and human beings. Production, deployment, and establishment of biological control agents are important parameters in determining the success of these agents for pest management. Such programs include the use of mixed cropping, interplantings (companion plantings), uses of mulches with or without pest controlling natural chemicals and breakdown products, predators, parasitoids, parasites, and pest pathogens. Moreover, they include consideration, encouragement, protection and management of the biocontrol agents themselves. Those concepts and strategies are well used in so-called integrated pest management (IPM) and organic agriculture. Also, recent advances in genetic engineering have incorporated some biological control agents, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, into the genomes of crops. Biological control agents are mostly derived from the complex natural ecosystem and can be regarded as biotechnology practiced within, and at the level of, relatively simple anthropogenic ecosystems. The application of biological control technology for food and fiber protection and production, and for human health, can be considered under the umbrella of “ecological intensification” which mostly aims to manage biodiversity and ecosystem processes for sustainability of food and fiber production. Public concern for healthy food without synthetic chemical residues, for the conservation of natural ecosystem services, and the modern rapid expansion of organic farming all point to the need for increased scientific attention to, risk assessment of, and investment in, biological control as a form of biotechnological amelioration in managed ecosystems through applied ecology.
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Research Interests: Biology and Pollination
SummaryYeasts occur naturally in floral nectar and have been considered to be an influence on the foraging behaviour of bees. When honeybees were presented with a choice of flowers of milkweed, Asclepias syriaca, which were contaminated... more
SummaryYeasts occur naturally in floral nectar and have been considered to be an influence on the foraging behaviour of bees. When honeybees were presented with a choice of flowers of milkweed, Asclepias syriaca, which were contaminated with yeasts in the nectar vs. yeast-free flowers, they showed no discrimination in visits or movements between the flower types. They moved to the closest flower (reward) regardless of the presence or absence of yeasts. The same results were obtained with the use of yeast-free and yeast-contaminated droplets of sugar syrup.
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One of the major reasons for sugar maple decline, in health and numbers, is pollution, including salt, carbon monoxide and other airborne pollutants from vehi-Have you noticed the poor condition of sugar maples in towns and cities and... more
One of the major reasons for sugar maple decline, in health and numbers, is pollution, including salt, carbon monoxide and other airborne pollutants from vehi-Have you noticed the poor condition of sugar maples in towns and cities and along Ontario's roadsides? Many have dead limbs. For some, half the tree is gone. Why? You may hear some saying they are simply old trees that have lived their best days. Well, the truth is that most roadside sugar maples are only about 80 to 90 years-old, which isn't old for this species. Healthy sugar maples can live 300, some say even 500 years.
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The nectary of Asclepias syriaca is in the stigmatic chamber. Nectar flows from there by a capillary system to the nectar reservoirs (cuculli). The fluid connection from the stigmatic chamber to the cuculli allows quick mixing of liquids... more
The nectary of Asclepias syriaca is in the stigmatic chamber. Nectar flows from there by a capillary system to the nectar reservoirs (cuculli). The fluid connection from the stigmatic chamber to the cuculli allows quick mixing of liquids in the system. Nectar in the stigmatic chamber is the germination medium for the pollen. Pollinia do not germinate in dry stigmatic chambers. The nectar must contain 5%-30% sugars for pollen germination. The nectar in the cuculli is the reward taken by insect pollinators and may become altered by physical (e.g., evaporation or dilution) or biotic (e.g., microbes, enzymes) factors.
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Research Interests: Zoology, Biology, Hymenoptera, Honey bee, Beauveria bassiana, and 5 moreHemiptera, Miridae, Apidae, Environmental, and Canola
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The Diptera are the second most important order among flower-visiting (anthophilous) and flower-pollinating insects worldwide. Their taxonomic diversity ranges from Nematocera to Brachycera, including most families within the suborders.... more
The Diptera are the second most important order among flower-visiting (anthophilous) and flower-pollinating insects worldwide. Their taxonomic diversity ranges from Nematocera to Brachycera, including most families within the suborders. Especially important are Syrphidae, Bombyliidae, and Muscoidea. Other families, especially of small flies, are less appreciated and often overlooked for their associations with flowers. We have compiled records of their flower visitations to show that they may be more prevalent than usually thought. Our knowledge of anthophilous Diptera needs to be enhanced by future research concerning (i) the significance of nocturnal Nematocera and acalypterate muscoids as pollinators, (ii) the extent to which the relatively ineffective pollen-carrying ability of some taxa can be compensated by the abundance of individuals, and (iii) the role of Diptera as pollinators of the first flowering plants (Angiospermae) by using phylogenetic and palaeontological evidence....
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... See pages 32-33 for an update from CTF grant recipients Anne-Marie Roussy, Adam Dale and Peter Kevan. ... ISAO 2008 BOARD President - Murray Potts President Elect - Steve Mann Vice President - Jake Zink Past President - Karen Moyer... more
... See pages 32-33 for an update from CTF grant recipients Anne-Marie Roussy, Adam Dale and Peter Kevan. ... ISAO 2008 BOARD President - Murray Potts President Elect - Steve Mann Vice President - Jake Zink Past President - Karen Moyer Directors - Linda Hawkins, Andrew ...
Research Interests: Engineering and Sugar
Long-term space exploration missions to the Moon or Mars will require food production facilities to sustain human life. Considering that the atmospheric pressure on the Moon and Mars is much less than that on Earth, scientists have been... more
Long-term space exploration missions to the Moon or Mars will require food production facilities to sustain human life. Considering that the atmospheric pressure on the Moon and Mars is much less than that on Earth, scientists have been studying plant production in controlled environments with reduced pressures in order to better understand effects on growth and development. Some plants have been found to successfully grow in environments with pressures as low as 10 kPa. However, candidate species such as ...
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Diptera are important flower visitors and pollinators for many plant species and in a variety of habitats. Although Diptera are not as well studied as other groups of pollinators, there is a growing literature that we review here about... more
Diptera are important flower visitors and pollinators for many plant species and in a variety of habitats. Although Diptera are not as well studied as other groups of pollinators, there is a growing literature that we review here about the ecology of their foraging behaviour and their effectiveness as pollinators. We consider (1) how their foraging is constrained by the interaction among body size, colour, and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind, and light; (2) what is known about their foraging at scales ranging from their movements between flowers on a plant, between individuals in a population, and among species in a community (i.e., constancy); and (3) the evidence for effects of intra- and interspecific competition on foraging. We conclude with a discussion of the effectiveness of Diptera as pollinators. The available data suggest that Diptera exhibit many of the same foraging behaviours as other flower visitors and that they are effective pollinators in b...
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A polinização é um importante serviço ecológico para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas. É um processo chave na produção de alimentos e na conservação da biodiversidade, pois os polinizadores asseguram a reprodução da maioria das espécies... more
A polinização é um importante serviço ecológico para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas. É um processo chave na produção de alimentos e na conservação da biodiversidade, pois os polinizadores asseguram a reprodução da maioria das espécies vegetais com flores. Para viabilizar ações que visem a conservação e o uso sustentável dos polinizadores é essencial investir na formação de profissionais para atuarem nesse campo do conhecimento. Nesse contexto, iniciativas voltadas para o desenvolvimento de estratégias pedagógicas inovadoras, que logrem bons resultados em curto espaço de tempo devem ser incentivadas. Os cursos internacionais de campo sobre polinização é uma dessas iniciativas. O curso visa qualificar pesquisadores, docentes de instituições de ensino superior, discentes de pós-graduação e demais profissionais que atuam na área de polinização e/ou que possuem o perfil para atuarem nesta área, como futuros pesquisadores, formadores de recursos humanos e disseminadores de conhecimentos...
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The development of a pollen substitute for honey bees has long been an area of interest to the beekeeping industry. The possibility of improving the efficiency of beekeeping by providing proteinaceous feed lies, in part, in the... more
The development of a pollen substitute for honey bees has long been an area of interest to the beekeeping industry. The possibility of improving the efficiency of beekeeping by providing proteinaceous feed lies, in part, in the development of an effective pollen substitute to feed the colonies when pollen is scarce (e.g. Zahra and Talal , 2008), especially in preparation for early nectar flows (Skubida et al., 2008). Providing proteinaceous feed to stimulate colony strength would then help, in maximizing honey production and crop pollination, to overcome pesticide damage and resistance to parasites and diseases, and for package-bee production, The key to producing efficient feed for animals, including insects, is obviously through using the most nutritive ingredients with regards to palatability, animal health and overall cost (Wilson et al., 2005; Macdonald et al., 2002; Forbes, 1995). However, even the most nutritionally balanced feed, which contains all the required nutrients, ca...
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INTRODUCTION In apicultural research and honey bee management, it can be important to measure the reproductive output of the colony (i.e. worker production). Fast Spring build-up is desirable for honey production and pollination, and... more
INTRODUCTION In apicultural research and honey bee management, it can be important to measure the reproductive output of the colony (i.e. worker production). Fast Spring build-up is desirable for honey production and pollination, and stress on colonies is often manifest by reductions in brood production. The usual way of measuring comb use has been by a threaded grid reference frame (1 in x 1 in squares delineated by thread) and counting the squares with capped brood, with uncapped brood, drone cells, honey and pollen. Brood production can be measured most efficiently and quickly through estimates of areas of capped brood in the hive. Even so, the grid and counting method is time consuming and results only in estimations. Digital photography and computer-aided analyses of the images captured eases the task of calculating brood area (capped-brood) for management and research. This method can be equally well applied to measuring areas of capped honey, pollen and drone brood by simple ...
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To inspire new ideas in research on pollination ecology, we list the most important unanswered questions in the field. This list was drawn up by contacting 170 scientists from different areas of pollination ecology and asking them to... more
To inspire new ideas in research on pollination ecology, we list the most important unanswered questions in the field. This list was drawn up by contacting 170 scientists from different areas of pollination ecology and asking them to contribute their opinion on the greatest knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. Almost 40% of them took part in our email poll and we received more than 650 questions and comments, which we classified into different categories representing various aspects of pollination research. The original questions were merged and synthesised, and a final vote and ranking led to the resultant list. The categories cover plant sexual reproduction, pollen and stigma biology, abiotic pollination, evolution of animal-mediated pollination, interactions of pollinators and floral antagonists, pollinator behaviour, taxonomy, plant-pollinator assemblages, geographical trends in diversity, drivers of pollinator loss, ecosystem services, management of pollination, and conser...
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ABSTRACT No abstract
Abstract: Pollinator Biocontrol Vector Technology is a novel application strategy using bees for the delivery of microbial control agents. This technology has been demonstrated for the control of seed set in weeds, suppression of plant... more
Abstract: Pollinator Biocontrol Vector Technology is a novel application strategy using bees for the delivery of microbial control agents. This technology has been demonstrated for the control of seed set in weeds, suppression of plant diseases and control of insect pests. For ...
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Research Interests: Botany, Zoology, Biology, Pollination, Hymenoptera, and 5 moreHoney bee, GREENHOUSE, Apoidea, Solanaceae, and Apidae
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Professor Dan Eisikowitch (Dini), one of the greatest researchers in 10 pollination and botany, has passed away (1936-2022). Dini died on 19 July, 2022 at 11 the age of 86. An obituary.