Chisoni Mumba

East Coast Fever (ECF) is the most economically important production disease among traditional beef cattle farmers in Zambia. Despite the disease control efforts by the government , donors, and farmers, ECF cases are increasing. Why does ECF oscillate over time? Can alternative approaches such as systems thinking contribute solutions to the complex ECF problem, avoid unintended consequences, and achieve sustainable results? To answer these research questions and inform the design and implementation of ECF interventions, we qualitatively investigated the influence of dynamic socio-economic , cultural, and ecological factors. We used system dynamics modelling to specify these dynamics qualitatively, and an innovative participatory framework called spatial group model building (SGMB). SGMB uses participatory geographical information system (GIS) concepts and techniques to capture the role of spatial phenomenon in the context of complex systems, allowing stakeholders to identify spatial phenomenon directly on physical maps and integrate such information in model development. Our SGMB process convened focus groups of beef value chain stakeholders in two distinct production systems. The focus groups helped to jointly construct a series of interrelated system dynamics models that described ECF in a broader systems context. Thus, a complementary objective of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of system dynamics modelling and SGMB in animal health. The SGMB process revealed policy leverage points in the beef cattle value chain that could be targeted to improve ECF control. For example, policies that develop sustainable and stable cattle markets and improve household income availability may have positive feedback effects on investment in animal health. The results obtained from a SGMB process also demonstrated that a " one-size-fits-all " approach may not be equally effective in policing ECF in different agro-ecological zones PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189878 December 15, 2017

The study was conducted to assess the compositional and microbial quality of pasteurized and Ultra High Temperature (UHT) treated milk on the market in Lusaka, Zambia. A total of 18 brands of milk (7 pasteurized and 11 UHT treated) were purchased from supermarkets and this formed the sample size of the study. The quality of milk was evaluated by assessing it for Total Bacteria Count (TBC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), isolation of Staphylococcus spp, Salmonella spp and Clostridium perfringes by culturing the samples of milk on standard plate count agar, violet red bile glucose agar and selective media. Milk components, freezing point and added water were determined using LactiCheck ultrasonic milk analyser while antibiotic residue using Copan Milk Test and Beta Star Combo Test kit. The butter fat content of heat treated milk ranged from 2.91–3.74 %, protein from 2.05-3.47% and lactose 2.94-5.07%. Solid Not Fat (SNF) content ranged from 7.28- 9.23%, with 5 samples recording below the ...

2012). Multiple oesophageal leiomyoma in a dog. Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 36(1): 99-101. This article reports a case of multiple primary oesophageal leiomyoma in a ten year old Rottweiller dog causing progressive weight loss and vomiting. Multiple large and small masses replaced the muscular layer of the distal oesophagus.

A female wild African lion (Panthera leo) was presented with an 8-month history of a wound with multiple discharging sinus tracts on the left paw. Microscopical examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cutaneous SCC in an African lion. Cutaneous SCC presenting as discharging sinus tracts lined by neoplastic squamous cells has not been reported previously in animals.

A 15-year-old male African lion (Panthera leo) was presented with blindness due to bilateral panuveitis with retinal detachment. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) antigen was identified immunohistochemically in ocular macrophages, consistent with a diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) infection. This is the first report of FIP in an African lion and the first report of ocular FIP in a non-domestic felid. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This paper describes a case of fibroleiomyoma found in large nodular form attached to the left uterine horn, well demarcated and firm, in a 12 year old large white multiparous sow in Zambia. the tumour was diagnosed on gross pathology, microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic studies.

An evaluation of financial losses due to bovine fasciolosis in Senanga and Shang'ombo districts in the Western Province of Zambia was carried out retrospectively using abattoir records obtained from Senanga District Veterinary office. The study covered a period of 10 years from January 2001 to December 2010. Budgetary analysis was used to estimate annual financial losses arising from whole liver condemnations. Findings of the study indicate that LL8,477 catlle were slaughtered and the same number of livers examined from 2001-2010, out of which 24,060 (20,77o/o) whole livers were condemned due to fasciolosis, resulting in a direct financial loss of approximately zl4K 1.2 billion which is currently equivalent to approximately US$ 245,000. This implies an annual loss of approximately US$ 24,500 for the 2 districts only. Considering that large portions of Western, Northwestern, Southern, Central and Northern provinces are flood plains and therefore equally prone to fasciolosis, thes...

An evaluation of tumors of domestic animals brought to the School of Veterinary Medicine; Pathology Laboratory in Zambia was carried out retrospectively using histopathology records in order to find out their incidence/occurrence in various species. A total number of 38 cases of tumors were reported over the period of eight years (from 2002-2010) from five species. Findings indicated that among these five species of domestic animals examined, 30 cases were from dogs, two cases from cattle, two cases from cats, three cases from horses and one case from pigs, respectively. Among the 38 tumors presented, Nine were adenocarcinomas, seven squamous cell carcinomas, three each of osteosarcomas, lymphomas and pappillomas, two each of mast cell tumors, heamangiosarcomas, fibromas and leiomyomas, and one each were fibrosarcomas, haemangiomas, melanomas, transmissible venereal tumors and lymphosarcomas, all from different body sites. It was observed that most (26.3%) of the tumors presented we...

Vaginal fibrosarcomas are rarely described in dogs as compared to those of the skin and subcutis. These tumors have been reported in cows (Musal and Aydogan, 2007; Hamali and Ashrafihelan, 2010). The only detailed study on tumors of dogs and cats in Kenya and probably in Africa by Mugera (1968) recorded 585 tumors, out of which only one was a fibrosarcoma of the esophagus and none of the vagina. In an only 5year survey study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia by Pandey et al (1983), who reported one case of fibrosarcoma in the skin of 67 tumors of dogs studied, there has never been any case reported on fibrosarcomas of the genital tract in dogs in Zambia and probably in Africa. This report therefore describes a case of undifferentiated vaginal fibrosarcoma in a dog in Zambia.