- Indonesia
Gun Mardiatmoko
Pattimura University, Agriculture, Faculty Member
- I am lecturer Forestry Department Faculty of Agriculture Pattimura University with educational background forest Management.edit
Tanaman kelapa (Cocos nucifera L. ) telah banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat luas. Meskipun demikian belum banyak masyarakat yang mengetahui seluk beluk pertumbuhan kelapa, teknik budidaya, kegunaan sampai dengan proses pengolahan hasil... more
Tanaman kelapa (Cocos nucifera L. ) telah banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat luas. Meskipun demikian belum banyak masyarakat yang mengetahui seluk beluk pertumbuhan kelapa, teknik budidaya, kegunaan sampai dengan proses pengolahan hasil kelapa tersebut.
Buku berjudul Produksi Tanaman Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) ini membahas tentang daerah asal tanaman dan perkembangan kelapa di Indonesia, pengenalan tanaman kelapa yang terbagi menjadi klasifikasi botani dan morfologi tanaman kelapa, varietas kelapa, dan syarat tumbuh kelapa; pengadaan bibit tanaman kelapa, uraian tentang teknik budidaya tanaman kelapa yang mencakup persiapan lahan, penanaman tanaman penutup tanah, jarak tanam, lubang tanam, penanaman, pemeliharaan, penggunaan beberapa pola tanaman dalam pemanfaatan tanah di bawah tanaman kelapa, hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kelapa serta panen dan pengolahan hasil panen.
Dengan demikian buku ini sangat cocok digunakan oleh para usahawan yang bergerak di bidang agribisnis perkelapaan maupun petani kelapa serta kalangan perguruan tinggi (tingkat D-3, S-1), peserta diklat/ training serta umum.
Buku berjudul Produksi Tanaman Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) ini membahas tentang daerah asal tanaman dan perkembangan kelapa di Indonesia, pengenalan tanaman kelapa yang terbagi menjadi klasifikasi botani dan morfologi tanaman kelapa, varietas kelapa, dan syarat tumbuh kelapa; pengadaan bibit tanaman kelapa, uraian tentang teknik budidaya tanaman kelapa yang mencakup persiapan lahan, penanaman tanaman penutup tanah, jarak tanam, lubang tanam, penanaman, pemeliharaan, penggunaan beberapa pola tanaman dalam pemanfaatan tanah di bawah tanaman kelapa, hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kelapa serta panen dan pengolahan hasil panen.
Dengan demikian buku ini sangat cocok digunakan oleh para usahawan yang bergerak di bidang agribisnis perkelapaan maupun petani kelapa serta kalangan perguruan tinggi (tingkat D-3, S-1), peserta diklat/ training serta umum.
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Buku berjudul Flora Unik Jilid 2 ini disusun dalam rangka untuk pengenalan keanekaragaman hayati kepada anak-anak sekolah tingkat dasar dan menengah. Penyusunan buku ke dua ini didorong oleh banyaknya pembaca yang telah melihat Buku... more
Buku berjudul Flora Unik Jilid 2 ini disusun dalam rangka untuk pengenalan keanekaragaman hayati kepada anak-anak sekolah tingkat dasar dan menengah. Penyusunan buku ke dua ini didorong oleh banyaknya pembaca yang telah melihat Buku Flora Unik Jilid 1 di media elektronik. Menurut laporan dari Website ResearchGate, semenjak buku jilid 1 tersebut diunggah di internet telah dilihat hampir 1.500 pembaca dalam waktu kurang dari setahun. Berkenaan dengan hal tersebut maka tumbuhan unik pada buku ke 2 ini bukan hanya tumbuhan yang unik karena bentuknya yang aneh atau spesifik tapi juga aspek lainnya seperti kegunaannya, nilai estetika, cara berkembang biaknya, jenis unsur hara yang diperlukan untuk kehidupannya sampai dengan cara pembudidayaannya.
Diharapkan melalui buku ini dapat lebih mendorong anak-anak mengenal dan memahami keanekaragaman hayati dengan lebih baik, teristimewa tentang flora di dunia dan pada akhirnya mampu menumbuhkan minat kecintaan kepada flora dunia dengan menjadi ahli biologi, ekologi, pelestarian lingkungan hidup, dll. Buku ini dilengkapi dengan gambar-gambar flora dan keterangannya yang diambil dari berbagai sumber terutama dari website dengan harapan agar anak-anak mampu meningkatkan daya imajinasinya tentang flora yang dikenalnya. Selain itu mereka akan dapat menceritakan dan menjelaskan flora tersebut. Bagi mereka yang tetarik akan salah satu flora yang ada pada buku ini dapat menelusuri informasinya yang lebih terinci di website-nya.
Diharapkan melalui buku ini dapat lebih mendorong anak-anak mengenal dan memahami keanekaragaman hayati dengan lebih baik, teristimewa tentang flora di dunia dan pada akhirnya mampu menumbuhkan minat kecintaan kepada flora dunia dengan menjadi ahli biologi, ekologi, pelestarian lingkungan hidup, dll. Buku ini dilengkapi dengan gambar-gambar flora dan keterangannya yang diambil dari berbagai sumber terutama dari website dengan harapan agar anak-anak mampu meningkatkan daya imajinasinya tentang flora yang dikenalnya. Selain itu mereka akan dapat menceritakan dan menjelaskan flora tersebut. Bagi mereka yang tetarik akan salah satu flora yang ada pada buku ini dapat menelusuri informasinya yang lebih terinci di website-nya.
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Buku berjudul Flora Unik ini disusun dalam rangka untuk pengenalan keanekaragaman hayati kepada anak-anak sekolah tingkat dasar dan menengah. Tumbuhan unik di dalam buku ini bukan hanya tumbuhan yang secara unik karena bentuknya yang... more
Buku berjudul Flora Unik ini disusun dalam rangka untuk pengenalan keanekaragaman hayati kepada anak-anak sekolah tingkat dasar dan menengah. Tumbuhan unik di dalam buku ini bukan hanya tumbuhan yang secara unik karena bentuknya yang aneh atau spesifik tapi juga aspek lainnya seperti kegunaannya, nilai estetika, cara berkembang biaknya, jenis unsur hara yang diperlukan untuk kehidupannya sampai dengan cara pembudidayaannya. Buku ini merupakan buku pertama dalam seri keanekaragaman hayati dan buku-buku selanjutnya akan mencakup flora pertamanan, flora langka, flora multiguna dll. Melalui buku ini diharapkan dapat mendorong anak-anak mengenal dan memahami keanekaragaman hayati dengan lebih baik, teristimewa tentang flora di dunia dan pada akhirnya mampu menumbuhkan minat kecintaan kepada flora dunia dengan menjadi ahli biologi, ekologi, pelestarian lingkungan hidup, dll. Buku ini dilengkapi dengan gambar-gambar flora dan keterangannya yang diambil dari berbagai sumber terutama dari website dengan harapan agar anak-anak mampu meningkatkan daya imajinasinya tentang flora yang dikenalnya dan mereka dapat menceritakan dan menjelaskan flora tersebut.
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Kamus ini memuat pengertian kata-kata Romania yang diterjemahkan ke Indonesia dan sebaliknya.
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Talking about the management of natural resources and land in a country are generally conflict of interests of the managers and the local community where the resource is located. The role of natural resources and land in conflict is... more
Talking about the management of natural resources and land in a country are generally conflict of interests of the managers and the local community where the resource is located. The role of natural resources and land in conflict is attracting increased international attention due to the changing nature of armed conflict and as a result of a variety of longer-term, global trends. Natural resource and land issues are almost never the sole cause of conflict. In general land conflicts become violent when linked to wider processes of political exclusion, social discrimination, economic marginalization, and a perception that peaceful action is no longer a viable strategy for change. In fact, depletion of renewable natural resources, combined with environmental degradation and climate change, pose fundamental threats to human security. Separately or in combination with other factors, they can destabilize livelihoods, negatively affect ecosystems and undermine peace and development.
This book discusses the conflict between indigenous people and logging company in Yamdena island, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The aims of this book publication were: (1) to determine the customary rights of indigenous peoples to the forest area that was claimed as theirs according to the applicable rules and regulations; (2) to study the causes of conflict between indigenous peoples and the logging company and (3) to analyze the policy in the forest resouces management on the customary land. With the publication of this book it is expected to be used as one of resolution conflict from many problems solving for the handling of conflicts related to natural resource management. Hopefully this book helpful and suggestions for improvements in the future is very expected.
This book discusses the conflict between indigenous people and logging company in Yamdena island, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The aims of this book publication were: (1) to determine the customary rights of indigenous peoples to the forest area that was claimed as theirs according to the applicable rules and regulations; (2) to study the causes of conflict between indigenous peoples and the logging company and (3) to analyze the policy in the forest resouces management on the customary land. With the publication of this book it is expected to be used as one of resolution conflict from many problems solving for the handling of conflicts related to natural resource management. Hopefully this book helpful and suggestions for improvements in the future is very expected.
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Binuang bini (Octomeles sumatrana Miq) is a fast-growing tree with numerous economic benefits, such as the provision of wood for carpentry purposes, building boards, water management, and absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore,... more
Binuang bini (Octomeles sumatrana Miq) is a fast-growing tree with numerous economic benefits, such as the provision of wood for carpentry purposes, building boards, water management, and absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, this tree species has great potential and needs to be included in Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD)+'s mitigation program to tackle climate change. In its development, REDD+ has made it possible to carry out carbon trading in the world. Therefore, countries capable of performing protective functions and carry out reforestation, afforestation, and restoration, have the opportunity to be involved in world carbon trading. This study aims to determine the moisture content and carbon absorption rate of Binuang bini trees as a first step to regulate the allometric equation using destructive and laboratory analysis. The results show that the water content in the roots, leaves, as well as the base, middle, and tip of the st...
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The objectives of this study are: identifying land cover, analyzing land cover change, calculating the rate of forest degradation and deforestation, and determining forest management policies. This research was conducted using remote... more
The objectives of this study are: identifying land cover, analyzing land cover change, calculating the rate of forest degradation and deforestation, and determining forest management policies. This research was conducted using remote sensing methods and GIS for obtaining land cover change data for several years and conducting mapping. From the research conducted, the results of the classification of forest land cover using Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS imagery in 2013, 2016 and 2018 consisted of forests, shrubs, reeds, swamps, rivers and open land. The highest land cover change that occurred in 2013 up to 2016 covered forests turned into open land amounting to 12261.75 ha. Shrubs into open land also experienced a large change of 12912.25 ha. Forests that have been degraded since 2013-2016 covering an area of 17703.07 ha,
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The objective of this study was to optimize the productivity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) through the application of concentration levels and frequency of liquid organic-inorganic mixed plant nutrition was carried out in the... more
The objective of this study was to optimize the productivity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) through the application of concentration levels and frequency of liquid organic-inorganic mixed plant nutrition was carried out in the Nutmeg Garden of Hative Besar Village, Ambon Island, using a factorial complete randomized block design 3 x 2 + 1 (control, without treatment). The first factor consisted of three concentration levels, namely 1500 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 4500 ppm. The second factor consisted of two application frequencies: every two weeks and every four weeks. The sample employed in this study had an average age of 25 years. Each treatment combination was repeated three times with the total sampled 21 trees. The following yield parameter components were observed in this study: number of harvested fruits, fresh fruit weight, wet seed weight, dry seed weight, and dry mace weight. The results showed an interaction between the combination treatment of liquid organic-inorganic mix...
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan SIPUHH online. Adapun yang teknik analisis data digunakan yaitu analisis data deskriptif. Adapun dalam penelitian ini alat analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan persepsi... more
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan SIPUHH online. Adapun yang teknik analisis data digunakan yaitu analisis data deskriptif. Adapun dalam penelitian ini alat analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan persepsi responden yang diukur dengan pendekatan Skala Likert. Skala Likert digunakan untuk mengukur sikap, pendapat, dan persepsi seseorang atau kelompok orang tentang fenomena sosial. Dengan Skala Likert, maka variabel yang akan diukur dijabarkan menjadi indikator variabel. Sehingga hasil yang diperoleh yaitu efektivitas aplikasi SIPUHH dinyatakan secara kuantitatif yang menggunakan dua indikator utama yaitu dari indikator Kewajiban sebesar 72,18% dan berada pada kategori Efektif, sedangkan untuk Indikator pemeriksaan sebesar 72,08% dan masuk pada kategori Efektif. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi SIPUHH sudah efektif bagi pelaku usaha atau pemegang izin (pengelola hutan).
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Forest land including forest protection areas in Indonesia have been degraded due to poverty of local communities who live in the surrounding areas. They tend to destroy the forest and are less attentive to forest conservation causing... more
Forest land including forest protection areas in Indonesia have been degraded due to poverty of local communities who live in the surrounding areas. They tend to destroy the forest and are less attentive to forest conservation causing conflict between local community and government. Forest protection areas are very fragile and at risk from natural disaster, mainly in small islands. Natural resources management in small islands needs to be done properly. Therefore, a research has been done for local communities in the Gunung Sirimau forest protection area, Ambon, with objectives to increase income in local communities and knowledge of forest conservation. This study used the action research method. The results of this study showed that income of local communities in three demplots increased by IDR 3,966,000 (in cycle 1), IDR 20,107,000 (in cycle 2) and IDR 25,897,000 (in cycle 3). Unfortunately, their knowledge regarding forest conservation and tree maintenance, both in theory and pr...
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This study aims to estimate the level allometric model of regeneration in the Protection Forest of Sirimau Mountain, Ambon City. This research used purposive sampling to select plants based on criteria of sample plants grow normal and... more
This study aims to estimate the level allometric model of regeneration in the Protection Forest of Sirimau Mountain, Ambon City. This research used purposive sampling to select plants based on criteria of sample plants grow normal and healthy. 24 plant sample was used as a sample in this study, where 14 plants sample used for the preparation of sample models and 10 plants are used to validate the model. The research data was processed through regression model to construct the model and the best model was validated using Chi-square analysis. The results showed that the model Y = 0,112D 2.14 H 0.391 with r 2 = 95.7% is the best model for estimating young woody biomass in the Protection Forest of Sirimau Mountain.
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Informasi mengenai distribusi vegetasi dan kandungan biomassa dalam penyerapan karbon sangat penting dalam mendukung proyek Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) melalui... more
Informasi mengenai distribusi vegetasi dan kandungan biomassa dalam penyerapan karbon sangat penting dalam mendukung proyek Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) melalui perdagangan karbon dan tujuan lainnya. Studi mengenai distribusi biomassa hutan dengan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) telah dilaksanakan pada areal hutan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura Ambon. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui distribusi vegetasi, biomassa hutan, suhu udara, dan intensitas cahaya matahari serta menyusun pangkalan data vegetasi hutan berikut kandungan biomassanya serta suhu udara dan intensitas cahaya matahari melalui pendekatan SIG. Tesedianya pangkalan data dimaksud akan bermanfaat dalam mendukung proyek CDM atau REDD dan efisiensi penggunaan energi berbagai gedung yang dikelilingi dengan vegetasi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa distribusi biomassa pada areal hutan seluas 0,85 ha telah berhasil diklasifikasikan kedalam 3 (...
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A research to study biomass classification by using GIS has been conducted at forest area in Ambon, Province of Maluku. The aims of this research were to find out composition of forest vegetation with its distribution, to determine... more
A research to study biomass classification by using GIS has been conducted at forest area in Ambon, Province of Maluku. The aims of this research were to find out composition of forest vegetation with its distribution, to determine biomass potency distribution of vegetation and to make classification of biomass potency, air temperature and light intensity distribution. This research used survey method. The vegetation biomass was measured by using allometric and weighted scoring method. By using GIS, definite score can be formatted. The result showed that composition of forest vegetation could be determined, and its biomass potency could be measured and presented on digital map. The digital map of biomass potency, air temperatures and light intensity distribution can be arranged successfully with 3 classifications: low 0.15 ha (17%), moderate 0.31 ha (37%) and high 0.39 ha (46%). Keywords: biomass classification, LULUCF, CDM, GIS, allometric equation
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Forest assessments to quantify Total Economic Valueave been carried out in many countries. The development of forest valuation, apart from forest products that have a market goods. Nowdys various methods of calculating forest product... more
Forest assessments to quantify Total Economic Valueave been carried out in many countries. The development of forest valuation, apart from forest products that have a market goods. Nowdys various methods of calculating forest product economic value that cannot be determined by the market system (non market goods) have developed. This study examined the economic aspects of forest product management in the upper watershed of Wae Riupa, West Seram Regency. The results showed of calculating the value of direct use Direct use Valuethe value of indirect use (indirect use-value) of Rp. 1. 645,920.00, -, the option value is Rp. 458.642,449, -, optional benefits of Rp. 11. 384,651,002, and the total economic value (TEV) of 13.489,213,451, -.ost of the potential forest products used and managed by the community in Rambatu Village come from forests, including timber forest products, various kinds of rich animals, non-timber forest products, and environmental services.
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Various programs on sustainable forest-soil-water management have been developed and occasionally conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture, and Ministry of Public Works under various programs.... more
Various programs on sustainable forest-soil-water management have been developed and occasionally conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture, and Ministry of Public Works under various programs. Unfortunately, the achievement of such programs were not satisfactorily. Currently, there exist 2 inter-sectoral initiatives called the National Movement for Water Conservation Partnership (NMWCP) that focused on water conservation and Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) that focused on emission reduction of greenhouse gasses through reducing deforestation and forest and land degradation. Both programs could be closely linked to carbon trade mechanism as a potential of gaining international financial supports. In principal and function-wise, the 2 programs were not distinct, particularly with regard to managing deforestation, forest degradation, forest-land-water conservation, and community empowerment/stakeholders. In principle,...
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The difficulty of the inventory carried out in the mangrove forest area is due to the vast expanse of mangrove forests with a high-density level, so it must use High-Resolution Satellite Imagery (CSRT) which requires high costs. The... more
The difficulty of the inventory carried out in the mangrove forest area is due to the vast expanse of mangrove forests with a high-density level, so it must use High-Resolution Satellite Imagery (CSRT) which requires high costs. The approach to processing very high-resolution images is the object-based approach (OBIA). UAV technology development using cameras mounted on UAVs has been widely used in forest inventories that have benefits, low costs, and high flexibility. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the types of mangroves using UAV images with OBIA classification and calculate the tree canopy height model in mangrove forests. The results showed that the accuracy-test used a confusion matrix with Producer accuracy for BG 78%, CT 97%, RS 96.63%, RA 91.04%. In comparison, the user accuracy for BG is 88.89%, CT 97.73%, RS 97.73%, and RA 85%. Thus the overall efficiency is 92.98%.
The impacts of climate change are changes in rainfall patterns, sea level rise and extreme weather or extreme meteorological events. This impact will further provide dangers that threaten the sustainability of human life. The main causes... more
The impacts of climate change are changes in rainfall patterns, sea level rise and extreme weather or extreme meteorological events. This impact will further provide dangers that threaten the sustainability of human life. The main causes of climate change are deforestation and forest degradation and the growth rate of industry and transportation modes that are not environmentally friendly. Therefore, Indonesia is participating in the Paris Agreement and implementing the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation program, role of conservation, sustainable management of forest and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). In an effort to increase the prosperity of the State, many forests have been transferred to other uses such as the development of oil palm plantations, agricultural land and urban expansion etc. In fact, many agricultural lands have changed their function into settlements. If this happens, the forest area will continue to ...
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The study was carried out in the Tuhaha Protected Forest area of Saparua District in May - July 2018 to determine the presence, abundance, diversity and evenness of ant species in relation to climate change in Maluku. Ants are collected... more
The study was carried out in the Tuhaha Protected Forest area of Saparua District in May - July 2018 to determine the presence, abundance, diversity and evenness of ant species in relation to climate change in Maluku. Ants are collected by three methods are Hand Collecting, Pitfall trap with soapy water feed using detergent, bait trap with sugar and tuna fish. The results of the study found 35 species of ants as many as 1866 tails, species diversity is 1.47 classified as moderate species richness is 4.51 and evenness type 0.41 with a distribution pattern of 0.19 classified as clustered type. Correlation analysis of climatic factors of air temperature and humidity found that R square results of air temperature were 0.003%, air humidity was 0.63%, and rainfall was 3.25% against the number of ants. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada areal Hutan Lindung Desa Tuhaha Kecamatan Saparua Propinsi Maluku pada Bulan Mei – Juli 2018 untuk mengetahui kehadiran, kelimpahan, keragaman dan kemerataan j...
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The spread and diversity of bird species in an ecosystem is an indicator of the stability of the ecosystem. The high diversity index of birds represents the healthy ecosystem and stable condition so that it can support bird life. The aim... more
The spread and diversity of bird species in an ecosystem is an indicator of the stability of the ecosystem. The high diversity index of birds represents the healthy ecosystem and stable condition so that it can support bird life. The aim of the study was to determine the level of bird diversity on small islands in Maluku, namely Air Louw Hamlet Protected Forest in Ambon Island, bird species abundance and bird response to land cover changes. The study was conducted in April June 2019 using the Line Transect method on a 100 m long track with a distance between 100 m lane, and the width of the transect band 50 m left and right lane on a plot area of 50,000 m2 (5 ha). Observations were carried out at 07.30 10.00 WIT and 16.00 18.30 WIT. The results of the study found that the number of birds on transect 1 was 81, transects 5 were 46, transects 2 were 37, transects 4 were 32, and transects 3 were 18. The Margalef Richness Index value (R1) ranges from low to moderate at 2.596851 2.873082 ...
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The role of forest biomass is now greater due to its ability to cope with global warming. Facts prove that forest cover decreases have caused climate change and various disasters such as flood, landslide, drought, extreme weather, and... more
The role of forest biomass is now greater due to its ability to cope with global warming. Facts prove that forest cover decreases have caused climate change and various disasters such as flood, landslide, drought, extreme weather, and others. Efforts to address climate change have been made by the international community through greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction programs with avoided deforestation and forest degradation through the afforestation/reforestation clean development mechanism (A/R CDM), reducing emission from deforestation and degradation (REDD+), joint implementation (JI), and voluntary carbon market (VCM) schemes. These programs are closely related with carbon trading. Carbon markets need a unit of trade. For carbon, this is one ton of greenhouse gas emissions expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents (tCO 2 e). That is why measurement of forest biomass is very important. Methods to estimate forest biomass from models, inventory, remote sensing data, and geographica...
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... became. Rachman ( 1986) observed that boiling in kerosene improved rattan colour but the rate of colour change was very rapid. Additional mixture of vegetable on to kerosene can reduce the rate of colour change. MATERIALS ...
Rayap adalah serangga sosial yang berasal dari ordo Isoptera dapat menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup tinggi, dimana rayap akan menyerang bagian batang hingga akar tanaman akibatnya daun tanaman akan menguning, batang akan membengkak... more
Rayap adalah serangga sosial yang berasal dari ordo Isoptera dapat menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup tinggi, dimana rayap akan menyerang bagian batang hingga akar tanaman akibatnya daun tanaman akan menguning, batang akan membengkak dan akar tanaman terputus. Serangan rayap yang terjadi secara terus - menerus akan semakin sulit dibasmi apabila tidak mendapat perhatian yang serius oleh petani. Petani Desa Liliboi mengalami kesulitan dalam budidaya tanaman pala dan cengkeh karena setiap tahun selalu diserang oleh rayap dengan intensitas kerusakan sedang hingga tinggi dengan luas serangan lebih dari 50 %. Kondisi ini sangat berdampak buruk terhadap kualitas maupun kuantitas tanaman yang dibudidayakan didalam areal hutan kemasyarakatan Desa Liliboi. Warga kehilangan tanaman Pala dan Cengkeh bahkan terjadi penurunan pendapatan masyarakat dari pengelolaan hutan rakyat milik petani hutan. Pengendalian hama rayap umumnya dilakukan oleh petani setempat dengan menggunakan bahan kimia di...
Many people already understand that the impact of climate change is directly related to forestry, agroforestry, and agricultural crop production, as well as the preservation of biodiversity in small islands, which supports the local... more
Many people already understand that the impact of climate change is directly related to forestry, agroforestry, and agricultural crop production, as well as the preservation of biodiversity in small islands, which supports the local community’s economy by producing various types of plants. According to studies, the dynamics of climate change directly impact the availability of food and island communities’ readiness to maintain local economic resources. Therefore, agroforestry clusters can be determined based on the agroecological conditions directly related to the distribution of plant species, such as their ecological, conservation, landscape, and economic aspects. Furthermore, the area of land and the composition of the types of agricultural crops grown were taken into account based on the form of cluster analysis variables, in the villages on the small island of Maluku, which are only in the good (average sustainability index score is 89.2) and moderate (average sustainability ...
The international community is worried about the increasing number of disasters caused by climate change. The main effort is to carry out mitigation and adaptation programs. In this regard, one of the studies that needs to be done is to... more
The international community is worried about the increasing number of disasters caused by climate change. The main effort is to carry out mitigation and adaptation programs. In this regard, one of the studies that needs to be done is to see ants as bioindicators of climate change. Sampling of ants is carried out by systematic sampling with a path length of 250 m and a width of 20 m as many as 10 lines. Line distance of 30 m. Three methods of taking ants were carried out, namely: (1) Hand Colecting (2) Pitfall trap and (3) Bait trap and preserved in 70% alcohol. The type of ant that has a strong correlation with air temperature and / or soil temperature will be more sensitive to climate change than the type with low correlation. Thus only certain types of ants can be used as bioindicators of climate change. From the results of the inventory of ants, 32 species of ants were obtained as many as 3,110 tails. Of the 32 types of ants, 5 of the most common species were found and the 5 leas...
The bird species diversity is an indicator of the ecosystem stability. The high diversity index of birds is an indicator of healthy and stable ecosystem condition so that it can become a supporter of birdlife. The study aimed to determine... more
The bird species diversity is an indicator of the ecosystem stability. The high diversity index of birds is an indicator of healthy and stable ecosystem condition so that it can become a supporter of birdlife. The study aimed to determine the level of bird diversity on a small island in Maluku, namely the Saparua Island Protected Forest. The study was conducted in June - July 2019 using the Line Transect method on 100 m transect with 100 m transect distance, and 50 m band transect width left and right transect on a plot area of 50,000 m2 (5 ha). Observations were carried out in the morning at 07.30 - 10.00 Eastern Indonesian Time and afternoon at 16.00 - 18.30 Eastern Indonesian Time. The parameters used are the species distribution, species diversity, species abundance, and bird species evenness. The results found that the number of bird encounters in 5 transects varied. There were 16 species in transect one, 12 bird species in transect two, 9 bird species in transect three, 7 bird...
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Therefore this study aims to analyze the level of diversity in the measurement of volume of logs in the field between researchers and Technical Personnel for Sustainable Production Forest Management (GANIS-PHPL) inputted in the SI-PUHH... more
Therefore this study aims to analyze the level of diversity in the measurement of volume of logs in the field between researchers and Technical Personnel for Sustainable Production Forest Management (GANIS-PHPL) inputted in the SI-PUHH Online application. The method used is a quantitative method by developing models mathematical (calculations), which are related to the measurement of logs. The results showed that the Technical Personnel for Sustainable Production Forest Management (GANIS-PHPL) owned by PT. Gema Hutani Lestari is not careful in carrying out its duties and authorities in measuring the correctness of the volume of logs, because there has been an excess volume tolerance of 5.97% of the set tolerance limit of 5%, giving rise to an element of state losses. Thus the performance and role of GANIS-PHPL is deemed necessary for guidance and control related to its duties and authority in terms of measuring and testing the volume of logs, so that the calculation of non-tax stat...
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Birds play an important role as bioindicators of climate change. For this reason, it is important to know the species richness, diversity and evenness of birds found on small islands. The location of the study was in Haruku Island Maluku.... more
Birds play an important role as bioindicators of climate change. For this reason, it is important to know the species richness, diversity and evenness of birds found on small islands. The location of the study was in Haruku Island Maluku. Bird data collected included all bird species, taking into account certain bird species that are sensitive to environmental changes. Bird data collected by the Line Transect method is to use work lines on rectangular data plots in the specified location. This method was chosen because it can trace the plot area of data in a short time and allow repetition of data collection in one day according to the desired time. This method of analysis is to determine the level of diversity in the form of diversity indices, then to scale up the species abundance and then to calculate the estimated population density. The results of the study found 23 species of birds. There were 2 large families recorded, namely: Family Columbidae of 4 types, and Family Psittaci...
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The research was carried out in the area of Forests (Agroforestry) of Dusung in Toisapu Negeri Hutumuri Hamlet, South Leitimur Subdistrict, Ambon City, continued to Pattimura University Ambon Faculty of Agriculture Technology Laboratory,... more
The research was carried out in the area of Forests (Agroforestry) of Dusung in Toisapu Negeri Hutumuri Hamlet, South Leitimur Subdistrict, Ambon City, continued to Pattimura University Ambon Faculty of Agriculture Technology Laboratory, Chemical and Soil Fertility Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Makassar, South Sulawesi taken at the research location) and Pattimura University Ambon's Biochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (to measure understorey litter samples taken at the research site and dried at the Technology Laboratory) and took place from August to October 2018. The study was conducted to determine the estimated carbon content stored in the scale of dusung agroforestry. Therefore, it begins with sampling at the level of the understorey, serasaf, dead wood (necromas) and topsoil. The results of the study for measurements of understorey biomass, litter (rough and fine) and dead wood, known that carbon uptake ...
Abstrak Dalam penyusunan persamaan regresi linier berganda atau persamaan allometrik pada umumnya tidak dilakukan berbagai pengujian namun langsung ke tahapan uji t dan uji F. Oleh sebab itu paper ini bertujuan untuk memberikan contoh... more
Abstrak Dalam penyusunan persamaan regresi linier berganda atau persamaan allometrik pada umumnya tidak dilakukan berbagai pengujian namun langsung ke tahapan uji t dan uji F. Oleh sebab itu paper ini bertujuan untuk memberikan contoh penetapan persamaan regresi yang baik dan lengkap dengan menyajikan studi kasus penyusunan persamaan allometrik kenari muda. Kenari (Canarium indicum L.) dipilih karena memberikan jasa lingkungan terutama dalam penanganan perubahan iklim dan belum banyak diteliti. Dengan demikian paper ini juga berupaya untuk menetapkan persamaan allometrik kenari muda untuk digunakan dalam menangani perubahan iklim. Hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaan allometrik Y = -941,765 + 399,903X1 + 3,429X2 . Persamaan allometrik ini sudah baik karena telah menjalani beberapa pengujian sebelumnya namun belum bisa dioperasionalkan karena nilai deteminasi RSquare yang rendah yaitu: 0,318. Dengan demikian untuk pembuatan persamaan allometrik yang baik dan bisa dioperasionalkan ...
The development of Ambon City has always been linear with urbanization and land use, where an increasing number of people have urged forest lands to be converted to open lands, such as settlements, businesses, and other infrastructure in... more
The development of Ambon City has always been linear with urbanization and land use, where an increasing number of people have urged forest lands to be converted to open lands, such as settlements, businesses, and other infrastructure in the form of built-up land. On a larger scale, the process of land-use change results in land cover changes that affect changes in the Ambon City landscape and microclimate conditions. The biogeophysical characteristic cs of Ambon City as a small island region have a large and small river basin and hilly topography makes it risky when city development pays little attention to the balance of ecological landscape aspects. Therefore this study aims to analyze the variation of the vegetation index NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) on changes in the Ambon City, Maluku Province. The results showed that during the last 25 years (1993 to 2018) there was an increase in class area from Very Rare Forest to Rare Forest by 874.04 ha, an increase in th...
Analysis of the economic value of mangrove forests in Kotania Bay, West Seram District is important to study. Mangrove forest ecosystems are often regarded as public property resources that can be used by anyone without regard to its... more
Analysis of the economic value of mangrove forests in Kotania Bay, West Seram District is important to study. Mangrove forest ecosystems are often regarded as public property resources that can be used by anyone without regard to its sustainability aspects. Over-utilization results in the depletion of mangrove forest resources and the ability of ecosystems to provide environmental services is decreasing. The low knowledge of the local community for the potential of mangrove forests as an economic source, it is necessary to do an economic valuation of the magnitude and benefits of mangrove forests. The Methods used in this study is Total Economic Value (TEV) based on direct benefits, indirect benefits and the optional benefits. The results showed that the direct benefits of economic value is IDR 318,360,000 / year (44%), indirect benefits is IDR 243,468,473 / year (34%), optional benefits is IDR 163586,356 / year (22%) while the TEV is IDR 725,414,829 / year.
Tata ruang perkotaan dengan arsitektur Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) merupakan komponen lansekap yang sangat mempengaruhi udara perkotaan baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Standar ideal luasan minimum ruang terbuka hijau yakni minimal 30 %... more
Tata ruang perkotaan dengan arsitektur Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) merupakan komponen lansekap yang sangat mempengaruhi udara perkotaan baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Standar ideal luasan minimum ruang terbuka hijau yakni minimal 30 % dari total luas kota. Sejauhmana pola penataan ruang kota yang berhubungan dengan perencanaan RTH dan indikator penataan ruang secara spasial dapat dianalisis menggunakan data citra satelit Landsat TM - 8 Tahun 2017 dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Kawasan RTH Kota Ambon hasil analisis spasial seluas ± 1,115,900 m2 atau 111,59 ha meliputi Kelurahan Honipopu ± 436,300 m2 atau 43,63 ha; Kelurahan Ahusen, ± 286,500 m2 atau 28,65 ha dan Kelurahan Uritetu ± 393,100 m2 atau 39,31 ha. Pengukuran dan penetapan sembilan lokasi sampling secara purposif dengan luasan ± 25,408.59 m2 atau 2,54 ha atau 2,28 %. Analisis NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) untuk tutupan lahan bervegetasi (nilai indeks vegetasi 0,05 – 0,35) seluas 61,58 ha atau 58,31...
Green Open Space is a component of landscaping that greatly affects urban air both directly and indirectly. The ideal standard minimum area of green open space is at least 30% of the total area of the city.The study used a spatial... more
Green Open Space is a component of landscaping that greatly affects urban air both directly and indirectly. The ideal standard minimum area of green open space is at least 30% of the total area of the city.The study used a spatial analysis method through the approach to calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for vegetation cover. Overlay analysis of GIS vegetation cover maps with the Ambon city spatial pattern map, has produced a map of the city green open spatial model, which shows a picture of existing corridors of green open space patterns, building spatial patterns, and non-vegetation spatial patterns (vacant land) .The results of the analysis of the green open space model map recommend the need for areas with urban park areas, park spots areas, and tree corridor areas planted on either side of the road. Inventory method, analysis of spatial and observations carried out at nine sampling locations, showed that the location of Ambon City's green open...
Banjir yang terjadi di Kota Ambon, sering menimpa Desa Batu Merah sebagai salah satu wilayah yang menjadi langganan banjir. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat resiliensi masyarakat Desa... more
Banjir yang terjadi di Kota Ambon, sering menimpa Desa Batu Merah sebagai salah satu wilayah yang menjadi langganan banjir. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat resiliensi masyarakat Desa Batu Merah dalam menghadapi banjir dan menganalisis karakteristik masyarakat dalam menghadapi banjir. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara sengaja kepada 65 responden yang rumahnya tersebar sepanjang Sungai Batu Merah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tabulasi sederhana dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masyarakat yang resilien mencapai 61,5 persen dan tidak resilien mencapai 38,5 persen. Kenyataan mengarahkan kesimpulan bahwa, sebagian besar masyarakat Batu Merah terkategori resilien terhadap banjir. Karakteristik responden meliputi umur, status pernikahan, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan turut menentukan kemampuan resiliensi masyarakat.
Agroforestry is a land use system that aims to sustain or increase total yields sustainably. Community Forest Utilization Permit (IUPHKm) is a business permit granted to local community groups to utilize forests in protected forest areas... more
Agroforestry is a land use system that aims to sustain or increase total yields sustainably. Community Forest Utilization Permit (IUPHKm) is a business permit granted to local community groups to utilize forests in protected forest areas and / or production forest areas. HKm management for the community in the Melinani sub-district was carried out based on the technical design of agroforestry made by BPSKL in the Maluku and Papua regions. The research objectives are: (1) Knowing the economic, social and cultural and ecological characteristics of the Melinani community in utilizing Hkm; (2) Determine strategies and priorities for developing agroforestry systems and (3) Analyze the factors that determine the effectiveness of farmers' work. Multiple regression analysis is used in this research. For the determination of agroforestry development strategies used SWOT analysis and priority setting that must be carried out using the QSPM method. The results of the regression analysis in...
Understanding or perceptions of the Ambon city community about the existence of Pattimura Park as a public green open space and its benefits are important to dense population of people can perform various activities, recreation and... more
Understanding or perceptions of the Ambon city community about the existence of Pattimura Park as a public green open space and its benefits are important to dense population of people can perform various activities, recreation and interact actively. This study aims to determine the community perception of the Pattimura Park as a Public green open space. Research method used was accidental sampling method. The analysis, while the community perception using Chi-square analysis. The results showed that the knowledge of Pattimura Park = 84%, the attitudes = 81.33%, the opinions = 84% and the expectation that benefited = 74.67%. Their various activities in the Pattimura Park cause various perceptions of the park.
Rain tree (Albizia saman Jacq. Merr.) or trembesi is a multi-purpose tree, adaptable to tropical conditions, and with great potentiality as alternative feed for ruminants and monogastrics. Generaly, this tree was one of the... more
Rain tree (Albizia saman Jacq. Merr.) or trembesi is a multi-purpose tree, adaptable to tropical conditions, and with great potentiality as alternative feed for ruminants and monogastrics. Generaly, this tree was one of the first roadside exotic trees to be widely planted in many tropical countries and it is now so widely cultivated, particularly in Southeast and south Asia. It was planted principally as a shade or ornamental tree in streets, parks and in coffee plantations. Curently, rain tree is becoming more important and recognized as having a major role in carbon storage to address climate change. This paper is to describe and discuss a method to estimate the biomass and to determine root-to-shoot ratio and biomass expansion factors of young rain tree in Ambon Island.The carbon mass equation model was constructed based on a significant relationship between carbon mass of young rain tree and its diameter at 3 cm height and tree height. In order to analyze the biomass content, a destructive sampling technique was used. After felling, dimensional measurement was performed for each tree. The results of the study showed that the equation model for estimating above-ground biomass was allometric equation: Y = 2.172,6 X1 – 8.821,9 with R2= 0,80; for estimating below-ground biomass: Y = 205,14 X1 -
144,09 with R2 = 0,69; for estimating above and below-ground biomass: Y = 2.377,8 X1 – 8.965,9 with R2
= 0,84 or Y = -10,310.50 + 1,820.89X1 + 10.89X2 where X1 = Diameter and X2 = Height, with R2 = 0.85. The value of root-to-shoot varied from 0.09 to 1.09 with a mean of 0.548 and biomass expansion factors
varied from 1.17 to 3.41 with a mean of 1.896.
Keyword: allometric equation, rain tree, R/S ratio, BEFs, climate change
144,09 with R2 = 0,69; for estimating above and below-ground biomass: Y = 2.377,8 X1 – 8.965,9 with R2
= 0,84 or Y = -10,310.50 + 1,820.89X1 + 10.89X2 where X1 = Diameter and X2 = Height, with R2 = 0.85. The value of root-to-shoot varied from 0.09 to 1.09 with a mean of 0.548 and biomass expansion factors
varied from 1.17 to 3.41 with a mean of 1.896.
Keyword: allometric equation, rain tree, R/S ratio, BEFs, climate change