The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of specific diagnostic methods used for diagnosis of oral pathologies. The sample consisted of 198 patients (98 man and 100 women) with formulated diagnosis, confirmed postoperatively by... more
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of specific diagnostic methods used for diagnosis of oral pathologies. The sample consisted of 198 patients (98 man and 100 women) with formulated diagnosis, confirmed postoperatively by histopathological verification. In 74.7% of subjects only X-ray diagnostic examination was used. Both X-ray and computed tomography (CT) examinations were used in 18.7% of subjects. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) wasn't performed in any subject. In 6.6% of subjects neither X-ray nor CT was performed. The study reported on statistically significant differences in the distribution of specific diagnostic methods according to age groups (p = 0.026). Also, there was statistically significant differences in the distribution of diagnostic methods according to diagnostic groups (p = 0.053). In the group of 37 subjects, in whom both X-ray and computed tomography were used, the majority had carcinomas, followed by fractures and inflammatory cysts.
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Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacterial leakage of four different bioceramic root canal sealers and to compare it to the conventional epoxy resin-based sealer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of... more
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacterial leakage of four different bioceramic root canal sealers and to compare it to the conventional epoxy resin-based sealer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 94 single-rooted human teeth with one round root canal, which were instrumented and randomly distributed into five experimental groups according to the root canal sealer: Group 1: TotalFill bioceramic sealer; Group 2: BioRoot root canal sealer; Group 3: mineral trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Fillapex; Group 4: MTA Plus; Group 5: epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus and positive and negative control group. The prepared samples were fixed in a model designed for the Enterococcus faecalis leakage evaluation and were sterilized in plasma. The bacterial penetration through the filled root canals was checked by the color change in the lower tube during 60 days. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the bond between the sealer and the dentine wall. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: Total Fill bioceramic sealer (BCS) group presented significantly lower number of samples that leaked (14.2%) compared to the AH Plus group (78.6%) (P = 0.002) and MTA Plus group (50%) (P = 0.046). There was no statistically significant difference between other groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The TotalFill BCS root canal sealer provided better sealing ability compared to the AH Plus and the MTA Plus sealers.
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Objectives. To compare the quality of three obturation techniques using bacterial leakage test and μCT. The correlation between two testing methods was examined. Study design. Fifty-one extracted single-root teeth were prepared with... more
Objectives. To compare the quality of three obturation techniques using bacterial leakage test and μCT. The correlation between two testing methods was examined. Study design. Fifty-one extracted single-root teeth were prepared with ProTaper instruments, divided into 3 groups of 15 each, and obturated: Group 1, lateral compaction/AH Plus ; Group 2, thermoplasticized Protaper gutta-percha/AH Plus ; Group 3, Protaper single-cone gutta-percha/AH Plus. Bacterial leakage of each specimen was measured during 30 days (chi-squared test), and the voids volume in root canal filling was measured using μCT (Kruskal-Wallis test). Results. More than half of specimens in each group leaked bacteria. There wasn't significant differences among the techniques using bacterial leakage test and μCT (P>.05). The bacterial leakage values and μCT scores correlated significantly (P<.05). Conclusions. The present study indicated that three tested techniques couldn't provide complete sealing of the root canal. Bacterial leakage test and μCT can be used efficaciously for the evaluation of root canal obturation.
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Osteotomies and ostectomies are most frequently performed by rotatory and reciprocating devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Mechanically rotating instruments for bone treatment have disadvantages, such as extensive heat deposition,... more
Osteotomies and ostectomies are most frequently performed by rotatory and reciprocating devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Mechanically rotating instruments for bone treatment have disadvantages, such as extensive heat deposition, mechanical traumatization, the deposition of metal shavings and possible bacterial contamination. High-energy lasers have been proposed in bone surgery. Histologic and electronic microscopic evaluation of the Er:YAG efficacy have showed minimal thermal damage of bone, precise cutting, rapid osseous healing and osteoinduction. Compared to conventional mechanical drills and saws, it provides non-contact and low-vibration intervention, bacteriostasis, less traumatization and decreased bleeding. Aim of the presented experimental study was to examine and compare chemical and crystallographical changes of the bone tissue after Er:YAG ablation and drilling bone treatment. The experimental study was performed on 30 bone blocks prepared from porcine ribs, simulating the height and the width of intraoral autologous bone blocks commonly used in dental implantology. The main idea was to simulate hole-like preparations for the fixation screw site. For the osteotomies, the Er:YAG laser (AT Fidelis, Fotona, Slovenia) and surgical pilot drill (Screw System, Hager&Meisinger GmbH, Germany) were used. Laser was applied with the 0.9mm spot size in non-contact max mode (1000mJ, 20Hz) and the handpiece was kept at a distance of 10mm from the bone surface to make bone site within the full thickness of the plate. Drill osteotomy was performed with the 1.0mm wide pilot drill, commonly used for the fixation screws preparations, at 15 000rpm, with simultaneous saline irrigation. Analysis of both hole's surfaces using scanning electon microscopy (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, JSM-7000F, Japan) were performed. Based on the SEM technique, mapping of the tissue chemical elements found on the bone surface using Cameo software (CAMEO Chemicals, CAMEO Software Suite, USA) was also performed. Crystallographical analysis was performed using single-crystal X-ray diffractometer (Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur Nova, Oxford Diffraction Ltd, Poland, 2007) and CrysAlis PRO software. Any changes in the chemical composition of bone tissue due to thermal effects, nor any form of thermical modification of hydroxyapatite crystals after Er:YAG ablation procedures were found using SEM based mapping of the chemical elements and X-ray crystallography, compared with control drill sites and surrounding, intact and untreated bone tissue on each sample. Er:YAG laser may be considered an possible tool and effective method in clinical dental implantology and at the specified parameters may become applicable as an alternative method for osteotomies.
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Background: The aim of this randomized clinical study is to evaluate the effect of a 980‐nm diode laser as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment.Methods: Thirty‐five patients with chronic periodontitis were selected for... more
Background: The aim of this randomized clinical study is to evaluate the effect of a 980‐nm diode laser as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment.Methods: Thirty‐five patients with chronic periodontitis were selected for the split‐mouth clinical study. SRP was performed using a sonic device and hand instruments. Quadrants were equally divided between the right and left sides. Teeth were treated with SRP in two control quadrants (control groups [CG]), and the diode laser was used adjunctively with SRP in contralateral quadrants (laser groups [LG]). Diode laser therapy was applied to periodontal pockets on days 1, 3, and 7 after SRP. Baseline data, including approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL), were recorded before the treatment and 6 and 18 weeks after treatment. Changes in PD and CAL were analyzed separately for initially moderate (4 to 6 mm) and deep (7 to 10 mm) pockets.Results: The results were similar for both groups in terms of API, BOP, PD in deep pockets, and CAL. The laser group showed only significant PD gain in moderate pockets during the baseline to 18‐week (P &lt;0.05) and 6‐ to 18‐ week (P &lt;0.05) periods, whereas no difference was found between LG and CG in the remaining clinical parameters (P &gt;0.05).Conclusion: The present study indicates that, compared to SRP alone, multiple adjunctive applications of a 980‐nm diode laser with SRP showed PD improvements only in moderate periodontal pockets (4 to 6 mm).
Research Interests: Dentistry, Treatment Outcome, Medicine, Periodontology, Humans, and 15 moreFemale, Male, Semiconductor Lasers, Low Level Laser Therapy, Adult, Randomized Controlled Trial, Periodontitis, Dental Plaque Index, Chronic Periodontitis, Scaling and Root Planing, Dental Scaling, Combined Modality Therapy, Periodontal Pocket, Bleeding on probing, and root planing
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This study evaluated surface wear and resistance to fracture of reciprocating and novel rotary instruments after use in curved canals. Twenty new instruments (n = 5/each group): Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold, XP‐endo Shaper (XPS) and... more
This study evaluated surface wear and resistance to fracture of reciprocating and novel rotary instruments after use in curved canals. Twenty new instruments (n = 5/each group): Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold, XP‐endo Shaper (XPS) and TruNatomy were used twice for the instrumentation of simulated curved canals in plastic blocks. The instrumentation was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions at body temperature. Surface roughness was evaluated, using a profilometer, before instrumentation and twice after the instrumentation. Instruments were, then, subjected to a cyclic fatigue test to evaluate the time to failure. Differences were assessed using ANOVA and post hoc tests (α = 0.05). The XPS instruments showed significantly higher values of roughness compared with TruNatomy at every stage, especially after the second use (p &lt; 0.008). Reciprocating instruments showed superior cyclic fatigue resistance compared with novel rotary instruments (p &lt; 0.05). TruNatomy showed minimal surface roughness, and XPS exhibited significantly higher surface roughness.
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Sažetak: Manja prokrvljenost i manji broja fibroblasta i kolagenih niti u periimplantatnom tkivu upućuje na značajniji utjecaj količine bakterijskog plaka na periimplantatno tkivo nego na okolno tkivo prirodnog zuba. Pitanja o značaju... more
Sažetak: Manja prokrvljenost i manji broja fibroblasta i kolagenih niti u periimplantatnom tkivu upućuje na značajniji utjecaj količine bakterijskog plaka na periimplantatno tkivo nego na okolno tkivo prirodnog zuba. Pitanja o značaju keratiniziranog tkiva oko implantata još ...
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The purpose of the study was to compare intracanal bacterial reduction promoted by three irrigation techniques. Sixty root canals from extracted human teeth were instrumented, contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, and distributed into... more
The purpose of the study was to compare intracanal bacterial reduction promoted by three irrigation techniques. Sixty root canals from extracted human teeth were instrumented, contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, and distributed into experimental groups (n=12/each): group 1, conventional syringe irrigation ; group 2, automated-dynamic irrigation (RinsEndo) ; group 3, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PiezonMaster 400), and positive and negative control group. The antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated in regard of the defined amount of 3% NaOCl and defined irrigation time. Samples taken after irrigation were cultured and the colony-forming units were counted. RinsEndo was more effective than passive ultrasonic irrigation when using a defined amount of NaOCl . There weren't significant differences between 3 techniques when the time was standardized. In this study, RinsEndo had better antimicrobial effectiveness than passive ultrasonic irrigation only when using a defined amount of NaOCl. Three irrigation techniques have similar antimicrobial effectiveness if the time of irrigation was defined.
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Research Interests: Geology and Root Canal
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AimTo compare the retreatment ability of several rotary and reciprocating file systems in curved root canals of extracted teeth and to evaluate the influence of additional apical enlargement performed after a basic retreatment on the... more
AimTo compare the retreatment ability of several rotary and reciprocating file systems in curved root canals of extracted teeth and to evaluate the influence of additional apical enlargement performed after a basic retreatment on the amount of remaining filling material.MethodologyA total of 65 round curved root canals were used. The root canals were prepared with the ProTaper Next rotary system to size 25, .06 taper and filled with an epoxy resin‐based sealer and gutta‐percha using continuous wave vertical compaction and warm injection back‐filling. The canals were randomly divided into four groups according to the retreatment system used: Group I. ProTaper Universal Retreatment system + ProTaper Gold (PTG) instrumentation system up to PTG F2; Group II. Reciproc Blue system up to the instrument RB25; Group III. Reciproc system up to the instrument R25; Group IV. Wave One Gold (WOG) system up to the instrument WOG25. After the basic retreatment, additional apical enlargement was per...
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The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the apical sealing ability of total fill bioceramic root repair material (BC-RRM) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), regarding the retrograde preparation technique used: ultrasonic or... more
The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the apical sealing ability of total fill bioceramic root repair material (BC-RRM) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), regarding the retrograde preparation technique used: ultrasonic or erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, or garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. The study sample consisted of 48 human single-rooted teeth. After root-end resection, the samples were divided into two groups, according to the retrograde preparation technique used: Group 1: ultrasonic; Group 2: Er,Cr:YSGG laser. In each group, half of the retrograde cavities were filled with BC-RRM, and the other half were filled with MTA. The specimens were mounted in tubes and sterilized in plasma. The root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, and the tubes were filled with fetal bovine serum, leaving the apical part of the root in the serum. After 30 days, the canals were sampled and cultured, and the colony forming units (CFUs) were counted with the additiona...
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Kondenzirajući ostitis je patološko zadebljanje kosti u čeljustima, a karakteriziraju ga blagi klinički simptomi. Zadebljanje nastaje zbog poremećene pregradnje kosti, kao reakcija na blagu infekciju iz zubne pulpe. Ekstremno zadebljanje... more
Kondenzirajući ostitis je patološko zadebljanje kosti u čeljustima, a karakteriziraju ga blagi klinički simptomi. Zadebljanje nastaje zbog poremećene pregradnje kosti, kao reakcija na blagu infekciju iz zubne pulpe. Ekstremno zadebljanje kosti lijeve strane maksile uzrokovalo je i asimetriju lica, a kliničkim te radiološkim pregledom nije se mogla postaviti konačna dijagnoza. Dife-rencijalno-dijagnostički, u obzir su dolazili svi tumori koštanog tkiva i cementom te kondenzirajući ostitis zbog dugotrajnog neuspješnog konzervativno-endodontskog tretmana gornjega prvog molara. Nakon kirurškog tretmana u lokalnoj anesteziji uklonjena je patološki promijenjena koštana masa i ekstrahiran zub uzročnik, jer se više nije mogao izliječiti konzervativ-nom terapijom. Patohistološki nalaz potvrdio je upalnu etiologiju koštane promje-ne. Postoperativni klinički i radiološki pregledi pokazali su potpunu sanaciju po-dručja te koštano cijeljenje odgovarajuće gustoće i trabekularnosti. Slučaj predsta...
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Manja prokrvljenost i manji broja fibroblasta i kolagenih niti u periimplantatnom tkivu upucuje na znacajniji utjecaj kolicine bakterijskog plaka na periimplantatno tkivo nego na okolno tkivo prirodnog zuba. Pitanja o znacaju... more
Manja prokrvljenost i manji broja fibroblasta i kolagenih niti u periimplantatnom tkivu upucuje na znacajniji utjecaj kolicine bakterijskog plaka na periimplantatno tkivo nego na okolno tkivo prirodnog zuba. Pitanja o znacaju keratiniziranog tkiva oko implantata jos uvijek daju razlicite odgovore. Neke studije dokazale su povezanost kolicine keratiniziranog tkiva oko implantata i povecane akumulacije plaka, upale gingive i gubitka kosti. Usprkos kontradiktornim rezultatima studija, klinicari preporucuju ocuvanje i/ili rekonstrukciju keratinizirane gingive oko implantata radi osiguranja bolje estetike i lakse kontrole plaka. Cilj rada je formirati i oblikovati pricvrsnu gingivu preko bezubog grebena donje celjusti, nakon implantacije, cime bi se omogucila laksa kontrola plaka oko implantata i prevencija upale i moguceg razvoja periimplantitisa. Prikazan je slucaj pacijentice, stare 50 godina, s klinickim statusom bezubosti gornje i donje celjusti. Klinickim pregledom i rendgenskim na...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against a bacterial suspension prepared from three dif
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Osteotomies and ostectomies are most frequently performed by rotatory and reciprocating devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Mechanically rotating instruments for bone treatment have disadvantages, such as extensive heat deposition,... more
Osteotomies and ostectomies are most frequently performed by rotatory and reciprocating devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Mechanically rotating instruments for bone treatment have disadvantages, such as extensive heat deposition, mechanical traumatization, the deposition of metal shavings and possible bacterial contamination. High-energy lasers have been proposed in bone surgery. Histologic and electronic microscopic evaluation of the Er:YAG efficacy have showed minimal thermal damage of bone, precise cutting, rapid osseous healing and osteoinduction. Compared to conventional mechanical drills and saws, it provides non-contact and low-vibration intervention, bacteriostasis, less traumatization and decreased bleeding. Aim of the presented experimental study was to examine and compare chemical and crystallographical changes of the bone tissue after Er:YAG ablation and drilling bone treatment. The experimental study was performed on 30 bone blocks prepared from porcine ribs, s...
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Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacterial leakage of four different bioceramic root canal sealers and to compare it to the conventional epoxy resin-based sealer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of... more
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacterial leakage of four different bioceramic root canal sealers and to compare it to the conventional epoxy resin-based sealer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 94 single-rooted human teeth with one round root canal, which were instrumented and randomly distributed into five experimental groups according to the root canal sealer: Group 1: TotalFill bioceramic sealer; Group 2: BioRoot root canal sealer; Group 3: mineral trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Fillapex; Group 4: MTA Plus; Group 5: epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus and positive and negative control group. The prepared samples were fixed in a model designed for the Enterococcus faecalis leakage evaluation and were sterilized in plasma. The bacterial penetration through the filled root canals was checked by the color change in the lower tube during 60 days. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the bond between the sealer and the dentine wall. Data...
Research Interests: Dentistry and Root Canal
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BACKGROUND This study evaluated the efficacy of a new laser-assisted irrigation system, the shock wave enhanced emission photo-acoustic streaming (SWEEPS) technique in removing pulp tissue from single-rooted premolars. METHODS Freshly... more
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the efficacy of a new laser-assisted irrigation system, the shock wave enhanced emission photo-acoustic streaming (SWEEPS) technique in removing pulp tissue from single-rooted premolars. METHODS Freshly extracted mandibular premolars with round root canals (n=40), scanned using cone beam computed tomography, were randomly divided into control and four experimental (according to the irrigation technique used) groups (n=8/group). Groups 1, 2, and 3 were instrumented using Reciproc Blue (RB25/.06) followed by final irrigation protocol (FIP), activated by SWEEPS, ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI), and conventional irrigation (CI), respectively. In these groups, 7 mL 3% NaOCl in total was used during instrumentation; for FIP, 3% NaOCl (60 s), ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (60s), and 3% NaOCl (30s). In group 4, SWEEPS activation of 3% NaOCl for 6 × 30 s alone was performed. The untreated control group specimens were processed for histological evaluation of remaining pulp tissue (RPT) in each canal third. The results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test (α =0.05). RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the control group and the experimental groups (p<0.05). In the middle third, the UIA and SWEEPS showed similar efficacy (p=0.171), superior to CI and SWEEPS without instrumentation (p<0.05). In the apical third, SWEEPS was the most efficient (p=0.002), and UIA and CI showed no difference (p=0.643). CONCLUSION SWEEPS was superior to UIA and CI in removing RPT in the apical region of round canals after single instrument root canal preparation; SWEEPS without instrumentation was inefficient in removing pulp tissue.
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BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser-initiated shockwave-enhanced emission of photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS®) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) combining thymol-based solvent or sodium hypochlorite... more
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser-initiated shockwave-enhanced emission of photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS®) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) combining thymol-based solvent or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the removal of filling remnants from curved canals. METHODS Forty-eight curved root canals were instrumented and filled with an epoxy-resin-based sealer and gutta-percha. The canals were retreated with a Wave One Gold primary file (tip size 25; variable taper) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). After the retreatment, the samples were randomly divided into four groups according to the additional irrigation protocol: PUI/NaOCl, PUI/solvent, SWEEPS®/NaOCl or SWEEPS®/solvent. The volume of filling material in root canal was measured after root canal filling, after mechanical retreatment, after final irrigation protocol and after additional irrigation protocol, using micro-CT. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test with the post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). RESULTS In the PUI group, irrigation with the solvent or NaOCl resulted in similar filling reduction (p=0.224). In the SWEEPS® group, irrigation with NaOCl resulted in a significantly greater filling reduction compared to the solvent (p=0.021). The SWEEPS®/NaOCl group was more effective than the PUI/NaOCl group (p=0.008). No significant differences were found between PUI/solvent and SWEEPS® groups (p>0.05) and PUI/NaOCl and SWEEPS®/solvent group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Although all tested protocols improved the removal of filling remnants from curved root canal, the SWEEPS® was more successful than PUI when NaOCl was used. Both tested techniques showed similar efficacy when in combination with the solvent.
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To evaluate the influence of laser-activated irrigation by Er:YAG and Er:YSGG (LAI) protocols and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the bond strength of self-adhesively cemented fiber posts to root canal dentine. The study sample consisted of... more
To evaluate the influence of laser-activated irrigation by Er:YAG and Er:YSGG (LAI) protocols and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the bond strength of self-adhesively cemented fiber posts to root canal dentine. The study sample consisted of 84 human single-rooted permanent teeth instrumented with ProTaper Next technique. After obturation, post space preparations were created for fiber-reinforced composite posts. The prepared specimens were divided according to the laser treatment of the post space preparations: group 1: LAI (Er:YAG) + saline solution (pulse energy: 20 mJ, repetition rate: 15 Hz); group 2: LAI (Er:YAG) + QMiX solution (pulse energy: 20 mJ, repetition rate: 15 Hz); group 3: LAI (Er,Cr:YSGG) + saline solution (pulse energy: 62.5 mJ, 20 Hz); group 4: LAI (Er,Cr:YSGG) + QMiX (pulse energy: 62.5 mJ, 20 Hz); Nd:YAG laser (pulse energy: 100 mJ, 10 Hz). Fiber-reinforced posts were cemented with a self-adhesive cement. The bond strength was evaluated by the push-out bond strength...
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The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate the stability of dental implants by use of resonance frequency analysis (RFA). In this study, 60 Nobel Replace Tapered Groovy implants were placed in the premolar region of the maxilla... more
The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate the stability of dental implants by use of resonance frequency analysis (RFA). In this study, 60 Nobel Replace Tapered Groovy implants were placed in the premolar region of the maxilla in 60 patients. Thirty implants were placed immediately after tooth extraction and 30 implants were placed in healed bone sites. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) was obtained by use of the Osstell Mentor device and was recorded at the time of implant placement (T1) and 20 weeks after placement, at the time of implant loading (T2). All implants were not functionally loaded during the follow up period. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression. No implant failures were reported in the 6-month follow up period. The mean ISQvalue for immediate implant placement was 61.43 at T1 and 66.23 at T2. The implants placed in healed bone showed higher ISQvalues compared to the immediately placed implants (mean ISQvalue was 64.17 at T1 and 68.83 at T2). D...
Research Interests: Dentistry, Osseointegration, Vibration, Dental Implants, Medicine, and 15 moreHumans, Young Adult, Maxilla, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Implant, Premolar, Time Factors, Retrospective Studies, Tooth Extraction, Resonance Frequency Analysis, Implant Stability Quotient, and Dental restoration failure
The aim of this study was to identify bacteria from the infected root canals of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis, and to evaluate the antibacterial effect of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX), as an irrigant, in reducing the microbial flora... more
The aim of this study was to identify bacteria from the infected root canals of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis, and to evaluate the antibacterial effect of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX), as an irrigant, in reducing the microbial flora 48h after root canal preparation. A total of 44 subjects were randomly divided in the experimental group and the control group. The first bacterial samples from all root canals were obtained in the beginning, before any treatment. During mechanical instrumentation, root canals were irrigated three times, with 0.2% CHX in the experimental group, and with saline solution in the control group. All canals were dried and temporarily sealed with zinc oxide-sulfate cement. After 48 h the second samples were obtained. Bacterial samples were subjected to microbiologic processing. The study indicates that 0.2% CHX is significantly effective in reducing the microbial flora, and could be used as an irrigant solution.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of active irrigation techniques: Erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI),... more
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of active irrigation techniques: Erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), RinsEndo(®), and conventional syringe irrigation, against intracanal Enterococcus faecalis. Root canals of 100 human extracted teeth were instrumented, sterilized in plasma, contaminated with E. faecalis, and incubated for 10 days. The samples were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (n=20 each): I: LAI by Er,Cr:YSGG (1.25 W, 20 Hz) for 4×5 sec; II. PUI for 60 sec; III. RinsEndo(®) system for 60 sec; IV. 30 gauge syringe irrigation for 60 sec; and one positive control group (n=10). In all experimental groups, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used as an irrigant, whereas the positive controls were rinsed with saline. The root canals were sampled by flushing with saline solution before and after the treatments, serially diluted, and cultured. The presence or absence of E. faecalis in the root canals was checked by polymerase chain reaction. There were no differences among the three active irrigation techniques (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;0.05), which were more effective than the conventional syringe irrigation (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). LAI, PUI, and RinsEndo were equally effective in the elimination of intracanal 10-day-old E. faecalis. However, LAI generated more negative bacterial samples, which warrants further investigations.