Meri Raggi
Università di Bologna, Statistics, Faculty Member
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Among the different production factors, land is the one that most often limits farm development and one of the most studied. The connection between policy and other context variables and land markets is at the core of the policy debate,... more
Among the different production factors, land is the one that most often limits farm development and one of the most studied. The connection between policy and other context variables and land markets is at the core of the policy debate, including the present reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. The proposal of the latter has been published in October 2011 and in Italy it will include the switch of the payment regime from an historical to a regional basis. The authors' objective is to simulate the impact of the proposed policy reform on the land market, particularly on land values and propensity to transaction. They combine insights and data from a farm household investment model revised and extended in order to simulate the demand curve for land in different policy scenarios and a survey of farmers stated intention carried out in the province of Bologna (Italy) in 2012. Based on these results, the authors calibrate a mathematical programming model of land market exchanges f...
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Despite a large literature about energy production from renewable resources, the specific interplay between farm characteristics, market, local regulation and the CAP in the adoption of energy-related technologies by farmers is still... more
Despite a large literature about energy production from renewable resources, the specific interplay between farm characteristics, market, local regulation and the CAP in the adoption of energy-related technologies by farmers is still poorly studied. This paper aims at analyzing the farmers' intentions towards the on-farm adoption of energy crops or technologies for renewable energy production under alternative policy scenarios. The analysis is based on the econometric analysis of adoption intentions by a sample of more than 2,300 farm-households interviewed in nine European countries. Stated intentions towards the willingness to adopt energy crops/technology for renewable energy production, are expressed firstly under a scenario with the current CAP post 2013 (Baseline) and secondly under a scenario with the complete abolishment of the CAP support (No CAP). The study confirms that the CAP influences farmers' decision on the adoption of energy crops/technologies for renewable...
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Water scarcity and droughts events in Italy are occurring more frequently than in previous decades and are forecasted to be more severe in the future. Current water management will likely be no more suitable to face extreme events and... more
Water scarcity and droughts events in Italy are occurring more frequently than in previous decades and are forecasted to be more severe in the future. Current water management will likely be no more suitable to face extreme events and more efficient instruments to balance future demand and supply of water resources, like water markets, are needed. The paper provides a description of the water scarcity and droughts issues as they are determined by climate change along with related weather patterns predictions for the next decades in Italy. Potential policy options that could be suitable for mitigating the effects of future weather patterns on the Italian agricultural sector are presented and critically commented. Social acceptability of economic and policy instruments, envisaged for tackling the issues of water scarcity and droughts, is explored by a twofold perspective: i) analyzing the argument by referring to recent scientific findings and ii) examining empirically the elicited so...
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Agricultural landscape is a complex system composed by interrelated ecological, economic and social sub-systems. Disentangling interactions and mechanisms in such a context is, therefore, difficult and involves knowledge and methodologies... more
Agricultural landscape is a complex system composed by interrelated ecological, economic and social sub-systems. Disentangling interactions and mechanisms in such a context is, therefore, difficult and involves knowledge and methodologies developed in different scientific fields. In this paper we propose a multicriteria approach – namely the Analytic Network Process (ANP)- with three objectives. a) to present the application of the ANP method to the agricultural landscape topic in 8 EU case study areas; b) to underline strenghts and weaknesses of that method; c) to discuss evidences and possibilities for the improvement of the method. Main results highlighted the possibility to employ the ANP as a structured integrated tool able to cross-compare similarities and dissimilarities between different case studies characterized by different biophysical features and socio-economic conditions. Building upon the results, our analysis underlined that the ANP technique confirmed the existence ...
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The connection between policy and other context variables and land markets is at the core of the policy debate, including the present reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. The objective if this paper is to evaluate the impact of the... more
The connection between policy and other context variables and land markets is at the core of the policy debate, including the present reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. The objective if this paper is to evaluate the impact of the post 2013 CAP policy instruments on the land market in the Province of Bologna (Italy), based on a combination of survey and modelling information. Attention is particularly focused on the regionalization of payments and considers both potential reactions by individual farms and their interaction on the market. Modelling and survey information show a reaction of the land demand to the shift from the historical to the regionalised payments, with opposite reactions by different farms, hence incentives to adaptation through land markets exchange (rent). The regionalized payment seems to be more capitalized into the land value, at the margin, as long as it is less connected to entitlement. As a result, the regionalisation would cause increased rental pri...
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The European Agri-Environmental Measures (AEMs) have a relevant role in encouraging a sustainable resources use and developing environmentally-friendly farming practices. AEMs account for more than half of the rural development budget of... more
The European Agri-Environmental Measures (AEMs) have a relevant role in encouraging a sustainable resources use and developing environmentally-friendly farming practices. AEMs account for more than half of the rural development budget of the Common Agriculture Policy. However, despite their importance, several factors influence the effectiveness of the measures, within which the poor spatial target is still a major cause of low effectiveness. Therefore, improving the spatial targeting of these policy tools could improve their cost-effectiveness, increasing the efficiency of Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES) and support better policy design solutions. The objective of this paper is to develop an optimization model for the AEMs jointly aiming at optimal targeting and payment setting with a focus on resource and incentive compatibility differentiated by zone. Moreover the model investigates the integration of information coming from spatial analysis of participation to AEMs with mathema...
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A large body of literature has highlighted and analysed the issues which affect the quality and the reliability of evaluation results of the RDPs measure. In addition to weaknesses in the specification of objectives, measurement of the... more
A large body of literature has highlighted and analysed the issues which affect the quality and the reliability of evaluation results of the RDPs measure. In addition to weaknesses in the specification of objectives, measurement of the additionality, several authors have pointed-out a lack in evaluation of the cross-effects across space of the measure. The objective of this contribution is to develop a spatial analysis of the participation rate in the measure 121, highlighting, as a determinant, the effect of the set of priorities established by the local administration. The analysis is realised by two steps: the first is the realisation of an Exploratory Spatial Description Analysis (ESDA) of the participation rate in the Emilia Romagna Municipalities and the second is the development of a spatial econometric model of the participation rate in measure 121. Results highlight the relevance of the spatial analysis in improving the predictability of the participation to rural developme...
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Conservation and enhancement of ecosystem services’ supply has become a priority of rural policies. Nevertheless, trade-offs, indirect effects, and mismatches between service providers and benefiters hamper the possibility to supply... more
Conservation and enhancement of ecosystem services’ supply has become a priority of rural policies. Nevertheless, trade-offs, indirect effects, and mismatches between service providers and benefiters hamper the possibility to supply optimal and sustainable levels of service provision. In some cases, ecosystem services benefit the same providers but difficulties in coordination and the uncertainty in the valorisation of the services hinder their efficient provision. In this paper, we develop an Agent Based Model to assess the conditions that lead to voluntary landscape protection efforts that arise from interactions among famers, agri-environmental payments, and rural tourism. The results suggest that a dynamic approach to policy formulation and a greater attention to the population of consumers/tourists could constitute strategies worth exploring.
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Abstract Agri-environmental schemes (AESs) and cross-compliance (CC) are the two main components of the common agricultural policy (CAP) that address environmental issues. Under regulation 1698/2005, agri-environmental scheme design has... more
Abstract Agri-environmental schemes (AESs) and cross-compliance (CC) are the two main components of the common agricultural policy (CAP) that address environmental issues. Under regulation 1698/2005, agri-environmental scheme design has been established in ...
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Research Interests: Business, Environmental Science, Computer Science, Irrigation, Mathematical Programming, and 13 moreAgriculture, Environmental Sustainability, Multidisciplinary, Water Policy, Software modelling and simulation, Water Framework Directive, Water Use, Scenario Analysis, Common Agricultural Policy, Irrigated Agriculture, Sustainability, Directive, and modelling software
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Research Interests: Civil Engineering, Economics, Environmental Economics, Irrigation, Agricultural Water Management, and 15 moreNorthern Italy, Legislation, Mechanism, Asymmetric Information, Principal Agent Theory, Incentive, Irrigation Water, North, Legislature, Instrument Design, Empirical Model, Directive, LINEAR PROGRAM, Policy Instrument, and Agricultural water
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Research Interests: Agricultural Policy, Irrigation, Linear Programming, Rural Development, Water Policy, and 13 moreEnvironmental Sciences, Water Pricing, Agricultural Systems, Nitrogen, Water Framework Directive, Water Conservation, Agricultural, Water Use, Local Community, Common Agricultural Policy, FARMING SYSTEM, LINEAR PROGRAM, and Sustainability Indicator
The objective of the paper is to evaluate the sustainability of irrigated agriculture under Water Framework Directive (60/2000) and Agenda 2000. The methodology relies on scenario analysis combined to farm level multicriteria mathematical... more
The objective of the paper is to evaluate the sustainability of irrigated agriculture under Water Framework Directive (60/2000) and Agenda 2000. The methodology relies on scenario analysis combined to farm level multicriteria mathematical programming. The methodology is ...