The scientific instrument technology has growth faster than we all could imagine, there are many research team keeping their momentum in creating new innovation in scientific instrumentation technologies. The optical microscopes are still... more
The scientific instrument technology has growth faster than we all could imagine, there are many research team keeping their momentum in creating new innovation in scientific instrumentation technologies. The optical microscopes are still being used widely in the scientific research especially by researcher and medical practitioners. Manually deal with the microscope could make the user spend so much time to obtain the result of cleared image. It could cost hours to obtain the desire result. From this problem, this study proposes the development of hardware system for auto focused of an optical microscope. The proposed system consists of two stepper motors that will move the fine focus knob and the course focus knob on a microscope. The timing belts are being used as mounting between the stepper motor and the fine/course focus knob. The motor will move step by step in same degree given from the command of a program. The motor is able to be controlled and it moves slowly to perform a...
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This paper presents an improved version of a Spiral Dynamic Algorithm (SDA). The original SDA is a relatively simple optimization algorithm. It uses a spiral strategy to move search agents within the feasible search space. However, SDA... more
This paper presents an improved version of a Spiral Dynamic Algorithm (SDA). The original SDA is a relatively simple optimization algorithm. It uses a spiral strategy to move search agents within the feasible search space. However, SDA suffers from a premature convergence due to an unbalanced diversification and intensification throughout its search operation. Hence, the algorithm unable to acquire an optimal accuracy solution. An Opposition learning is adopted into SDA to improve the searching strategy of the SDA agents. Therefore in the proposed strategy, a random and a deterministic approaches are synergized and complement each other. The algorithm is tested on several benchmark functions in comparison to the original SDA. A statistical nonparametric Wilcoxon sign rank test is conducted to analyze the accuracy achievement of both algorithms. For solving a real world application, the algorithms are applied to optimize a PID controller for a flexible manipulator system. Result of the test on the benchmark functions shows that the Opposition based SDA outperformed the SDA significantly. For solving the PID control design, both algorithms acquire PID parameters and hence can control the flexible manipulator very well. However, the proposed algorithm shows a better control response.
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This paper introduces a sine-based position update strategy into Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA). In solving many optimization problems, BFA produces an acceptable accurate solution but it presents a slow convergence speed towards the... more
This paper introduces a sine-based position update strategy into Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA). In solving many optimization problems, BFA produces an acceptable accurate solution but it presents a slow convergence speed towards the global solution. On the other hand, a sine-based position update strategy from the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) utilizes an elitism in its position update equation. The elitism strategy contains a promising solution that guiding search agents toward global optima with relatively a faster speed. In this proposed technique, the sine-based position update strategy is incorporated prior to the reproduction phase of the BFA. With the consideration of the advantages of the elitism, it helps the BFA to converge faster and hence acquires better accuracy of the final solution. The proposed algorithm is tested on several CEC2014 benchmark functions that have various fitness landscapes and features. For solving a real world problem, it is applied to optimize a ...
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This paper presents a hybrid Manta ray foraging—particle swarm optimization algorithm. Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) algorithm is a recent algorithm that has a promising performance as compared to other popular algorithms. On the... more
This paper presents a hybrid Manta ray foraging—particle swarm optimization algorithm. Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) algorithm is a recent algorithm that has a promising performance as compared to other popular algorithms. On the other hand, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is a well-known and a good performance algorithm. The proposed hybrid algorithm in this work incorporates social interaction and elitism mechanisms from PSO into MRFO strategy. The mechanisms help search agents to determine their new search direction. The proposed algorithm is tested on various dimensions and fitness landscapes of CEC2014 benchmark functions. In solving a real world engineering problem, it is applied to optimize a PD controller for an inverted pendulum system. Result of the benchmark function test is statistically analyzed. The proposed algorithm has successfully improved the accuracy performance for most of the test functions. For optimization of the PD control, result shows that the proposed algorithm has attained a better control performance compared to MRFO.
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This paper presents the identification of the ThermoElectric Cooler (TEC) plant using a hybrid method of Multi-Verse Optimizer with Sine Cosine Algorithm (hMVOSCA) based on continuous-time Hammerstein model. These modifications are mainly... more
This paper presents the identification of the ThermoElectric Cooler (TEC) plant using a hybrid method of Multi-Verse Optimizer with Sine Cosine Algorithm (hMVOSCA) based on continuous-time Hammerstein model. These modifications are mainly for escaping from local minima and for making the balance between exploration and exploitation. In the Hammerstein model identification a continuous-time linear system is used and the hMVOSCA based method is used to tune the coefficients of both the Hammerstein model subsystems (linear and nonlinear) such that the error between the estimated output and the actual output is reduced. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated based on the convergence curve, parameter estimation error, bode plot, function plot, and Wilcoxon’s rank test. The experimental findings show that the hMVOSCA can produce a Hammerstein system that generates an estimated output like the actual TEC output. Moreover, the identified outputs also show that the hMVOSCA outper...
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This paper presents a newly developed algorithm formulated based on a synergy between a mathematical sine equation and a spiral equation. The sine formula is taken from Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA) while the spiral equation is adopted from... more
This paper presents a newly developed algorithm formulated based on a synergy between a mathematical sine equation and a spiral equation. The sine formula is taken from Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA) while the spiral equation is adopted from Spiral Dynamic Algorithm (SDA). The synergy combines a deterministic approach from SDA and a random approach from SCA. In the hybrid strategy, all agents update their position either via sine based or spiral based position update equation. The proposed hybrid algorithm is tested in comparison to SDA and SCA on various benchmark functions. A convergence plot and accuracy achievement are recorded and compared. In term of a real world application, the algorithm is applied to optimize a parametric model of an end point acceleration of a flexible manipulator robot. Result of the benchmark functions test shows that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the accuracy of both SCA and SDA. Result of the modelling shows that the SCA, SDA and the propo...
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This paper presents an improved Simulated Kalman Filter optimization algorithm. It is a further enhancement of a Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF) optimization algorithm. SKF is a random based optimization algorithm inspired from Kalman... more
This paper presents an improved Simulated Kalman Filter optimization algorithm. It is a further enhancement of a Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF) optimization algorithm. SKF is a random based optimization algorithm inspired from Kalman Filter theory. An exponential term is introduced into Estimation stages of SKF to speed up the searching process and gain more chances in finding better solutions. Cost function value that represents an accuracy of a solution is considered as the ultimate goal. Every single agent carries an information about the accuracy of a solution in which will be used to compare with other solutions from other agents. A solution that has a lower cost function is considered as the best solution. The algorithm is tested with various benchmark functions and compared with the original SKF algorithm. The result of the analysis on the accuracy tested on the benchmark functions shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms SKF significantly. Graphical results of the test s...
A novel technique to enhance bandwidth and gain of an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna using a reflecting layer is presented in this chapter. A Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) with T-shaped patch and partially grounded plane is used in this... more
A novel technique to enhance bandwidth and gain of an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna using a reflecting layer is presented in this chapter. A Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) with T-shaped patch and partially grounded plane is used in this design where a T-slot is inserted into the patch. The proposed compact-size antenna is designed and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software by considering flame retardant 4 (FR-4) as substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness 1.6 mm. The antenna efficiency includes, a wide impedance bandwidth of 9.31 GHz ranging from 3.19 to 12.5 GHz, for voltage standing wave ratio, VSWR < 2; 5.74 dB gain; and 6.87 dBi directivity. In comparison with the MPA without the reflecting layer, the bandwidth, gain and directivity of the proposed antenna (with reflector) is increased by 123%, 3.64 dB, and 3.44 dBi respectively. Thus, the proposed antenna can cover a wider range than the UWB range (3.1–10.6 GHz) and can be suitable for the use of various bio-medical applications.
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This paper presents an Exponent-based Simulated Kalman Filter (EbSKF) algorithm. SKF is a random based optimization algorithm inspired from a Kalman Filter theory. A Kalman gain is formulated following the prediction, measurement and... more
This paper presents an Exponent-based Simulated Kalman Filter (EbSKF) algorithm. SKF is a random based optimization algorithm inspired from a Kalman Filter theory. A Kalman gain is formulated following the prediction, measurement and estimation steps of the Kalman filter design. The Kalman gain is utilized to introduce a dynamic step size of a search agent in the SKF algorithm. The proposed EbSKF is strategized such that the Kalman gain is formulated based on an exponential function with respect to number of cost function evaluation (NFE). The Kalman gain is exponentially reduced when the NFE increases in which happens when the search operation is progress forward. The algorithm is tested to PID tuning for liquid slosh control application. The EbSKF is compared with the original SKF algorithm. In this study, 30 independent runs are performed to record different values of the best solutions generated by the algorithms of interest. The average of the minimum value is compared. It determines significant difference of the generated solution and it reflected the accuracy of the solution. Result of the statistical analysis on the accuracy, which is tested on the function of slosh control application is presented in a table form. The result shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms SKF significantly. The convergence plot for both EbSKF and original SKF is also presented and it confirms the statistical result.
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This paper presents an improvised version of Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) by using components in Genetic Algorithm (GA). MRFO is a recent proposed algorithm which based on the behaviour of manta rays. The algorithm imitates... more
This paper presents an improvised version of Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) by using components in Genetic Algorithm (GA). MRFO is a recent proposed algorithm which based on the behaviour of manta rays. The algorithm imitates three foraging strategies of this cartilaginous fish, which are chain foraging, cyclone foraging and somersault foraging to find foods. However, this optimization algorithm can be improved in its strategy which increases its accuracy. Thus, in this proposed improvement, mutation and crossover strategy from GA were adopted into MRFO. Crossover operation is a convergence action which is purposely to pull the agents towards an optimum point. At the meanwhile, mutation operation is a divergence action which purposely to spread out the agents throughout wider feasible region. Later, the algorithms were performed on several benchmark functions and statically tested by using Wilcoxon signed-rank test to know their performances. To test the algorithm with a rea...
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Contact force between catenary and pantograph of high speed train is a crucial system to deliver power to the train. The inconsistence force between them can cause the contact wire oscillate a lot and it can damage the mechanical... more
Contact force between catenary and pantograph of high speed train is a crucial system to deliver power to the train. The inconsistence force between them can cause the contact wire oscillate a lot and it can damage the mechanical structure of system and produce electric arc that can reduce the performance of system. This project proposes a single-input fuzzy logic controller (SIFLC) to control the contact force between the pantograph-catenary by implement Safe Experimentation Dynamics (SED) method to tune the SIFLC parameters. The essential feature of SIFLC is that it is model-free type controller design with less pre-defined variables as compared to other existing model-based controllers. The performance of the SIFLC is analyzed in terms of input tracking of contact force of pantograph-catenary and time response specifications. A simplified model of three degree of freedom (3-DOF) pantograph-catenary system is considered. In this study, the simulation result shows that the SIFLC su...
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ABSTRACT