Papers by Alexis Saludjian
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Pesquisa & Debate Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Economia Política
Desde a década de 1990, acadêmicos discutem a dinâmica das Cadeias Globais de Valor (CGV) e os po... more Desde a década de 1990, acadêmicos discutem a dinâmica das Cadeias Globais de Valor (CGV) e os possíveis benefícios de inserção das indústrias nacionais como uma possível oportunidade de desenvolvimento. A partir desta literatura consolidada, este trabalho analisa criticamente as CGV desenvolvendo três pontos principais nos quais a narrativa de ganhos mútuos se mostra uma lente ideologicamente carregada para analisar a produção no âmbito do capitalismo global. O primeiro delas é a permanência de grandes diferenciais salariais entre trabalhadores nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento não devido somente a diferentes produtividades, mas também as estruturas produtivas e sociais sobre as quais se baseiam na exploração do trabalho. Adotando a interpretação de Selwyn (2019) e Quentin & Campling (2017), as CGV acabam por reproduzir pobreza e desigualdade social entre os trabalhadores do Sul Global. O segundo ponto é sobre a possibilidade de movimentação e fuga de capitais e mais va...
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Springer eBooks, 2022
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Mundo siglo XXI, Apr 1, 2013
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Tiers-monde, 2005
Saludjian Alexis. Edgar Revéiz, El Desenlace Neoliberal : Tragedia o Renacimiento. In: Tiers-Mond... more Saludjian Alexis. Edgar Revéiz, El Desenlace Neoliberal : Tragedia o Renacimiento. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 46, n°181, 2005. Décentralisation et développement local : un lien à repenser, sous la direction de Alain Dubresson et Yves-André Fauré. pp. 231-232
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Problemas del Desarrollo, Oct 5, 2009
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Revue de la régulation, Dec 15, 2022
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Brazilian capitalism traverse from 2015 until today (2019), one of its greatest crisis that occur... more Brazilian capitalism traverse from 2015 until today (2019), one of its greatest crisis that occurs simultaneously in the plans of accumulation, the political scene, and institutions. This paper analyzes the crisis between Dilma Rousseff's impeachment in 2016 and the election victory of Captain Jair Bolsonaro in 2018. It seeks to show how the problems of accumulation - the result of an increasing conflict between capital and labor, of obstacles in the realization of merchandises and of external effects - have grown into a structural crisis due to the State's inability to reverse this trajectory. This Government-level difficulty stems from (i) the economic "consensus of foolishness" of the dominant sectors, (ii) the displacement of the "power center" of the Brazilian state into the hands of the Lava Jato ("Car Wash") federal police operation, and (iii) the loss of legitimacy of institutions. A significant part of this difficulty is the result of t...
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Third World Quarterly, 2023
In this article, we show the magnitude of the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the Brazilian labo... more In this article, we show the magnitude of the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the Brazilian labour market, especially on informal workers who were the main victims. This result calls into question the validity of the standard model, referred to in our work as a ‘canonical crisis’, which states that the informal economy plays a counter-cyclical role as a shock absorber. A thorough analysis reveals that this mechanism was no longer at work either for the pandemic crisis or for the two previous macroeconomic crises: informal employment recedes in times of crisis. In addition, we shed light on a striking phenomenon: the pandemic triggered an upsurge in the number of discouraged workers. How these individuals excluded from the labour market coped day to day remains under-investigated. Among the shock mitigation strategies, only the emergency transfer programme played a significant compensatory role. The crisis may mark a turning point by showing that informal workers – a hitherto politically ‘invisible’ group – became a focal point of public policy and were able to influence decisions. The government can no longer hide behind the laissez-faire strategy of relying on the informal sector as a safety valve to limit the socioeconomic impacts of crises.
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Recherches Internationales
à travers différentes tentatives, l’Amérique latine cherche depuis une dizaine d’années à se dote... more à travers différentes tentatives, l’Amérique latine cherche depuis une dizaine d’années à se doter d’un modèle d’intégration régionale plus souverain et équitable. Cette volonté se heurte au type d’insertion du continent dans l’économie mondiale, marqué par les pesanteurs d’un capitalisme financier libéralisé qui freine toute avancée substantielle.
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Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Economia Política, Dec 27, 2020
The inheritance issue in estate formation, and its influence on the reproduction and intergenerat... more The inheritance issue in estate formation, and its influence on the reproduction and intergenerational concentration of wealth, has gained prominence in current economic and political debates. However, most of those involved in this contemporary quarrel do not know the origins of this debate. In this regard, this article aims to investigate the genesis of the debate about inheritances from the perspective of important authors of Classical Political Economy (a constitutive part of classical liberalism) and in the criticism elaborated by Karl Marx against the liberal framework. To this end, at first, we discuss the right to inherit (and bequeath) and its taxation in the classical liberal tradition, especially from the point of view of Adam Smith and Stuart Mill, looking for elements of convergence between these thinkers and the current liberal debate on inheritance and its taxation. Then, we analyze the perspective that opposes the ideas of the liberal tradition, going beyond inheritance taxation in that for these radical authors, especially Karl Marx, the key transformation point would be, in fact, the abolition of inheritances and, above all, private property.
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Research Papers in Economics, 2021
Cet article analyse les ajustements du marché du travail brésilien sur longue période, notamment ... more Cet article analyse les ajustements du marché du travail brésilien sur longue période, notamment lors des périodes de crise macroéconomique, qui occupent quasiment la moitié des quarante dernières années. Un des objectifs est de soumettre les différentes théories de l'informel à l'épreuve des faits, et tout particulièrement l'hypothèse de son rôle anti-cyclique que lui attribue la thèse dualiste (le modèle que nous qualifions de crise « canonique »). Sur le plan empirique, notre approche se base sur un important travail « d'archéologie statistique » de reconstitution de séries historiques, et de traitement de première main de millions d'observations de micro-données d'enquêtes ou de registres administratifs. Les trois angles d'analyse adoptés (au niveau macro dans une perspective historique, puis en resserrant la focale sur les seules périodes de crise au niveau le plus fin, et enfin en recomposant la dynamique d'ensemble sur les deux dernières décennies) convergent. Parmi les résultats, nous montrons la formidable résilience du marché du travail brésilien qui s'inscrit dans l'histoire, la disparition progressive depuis les années 1990 des mécanismes de la crise « canonique », supplantée par un processus d'exclusion multiforme (chômage, sous-emploi et surtout retrait forcé du marché du travail, principale force à l'oeuvre lors de la crise en cours de la COVID-19), ainsi que l'effacement partiel des frontières formel/informel, en défaveur des droits des travailleurs. Mais les crises ne sont pas toujours le meilleur point d'observation : par exemple, la phase de croissance des années 2000 apparait comme la seule période « transformative », qui a laissé une empreinte positive et durable sur le monde du travail, démonstration que des politiques progressistes sont susceptibles de jouer un rôle de premier plan. En conclusion et en s'appuyant sur nos résultats, nous ébauchons les perspectives d'un programme de recherche collectif et de longue haleine.
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XX Encontro Nacional de Economia Política: desenvolvimento Latino-Americano, Integração e Inserçã... more XX Encontro Nacional de Economia Política: desenvolvimento Latino-Americano, Integração e Inserção Internacional - UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu, 26 a 29 de maio de 2015O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar em que medida as recentes modifi cações na especialização comercial brasileira impactaram o emprego ao longo dos anos 2000. A pergunta principal é saber qual foi o papel desempenhado pelas exportações na evolução do emprego durante esse período? A hipótese que norteia o estudo é que, embora as exportações apresentem um forte crescimento nos anos 2000, a sua crescente concentração em atividades baseadas em recursos naturais resultou em um menor impacto sobre a geração de empregos na economia doméstica. Ademais, essa “primarização” da pauta exportadora ocasionou a geração de empregos com qualidade inferior aos empregos gerados pela produção doméstica. O principal resultado é que o tipo de emprego gerado pelas exportações apresentou um perfi l bastante distinto daquele observado no merc...
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Resumo: Esse artigo trata da dimensão regional do modelo de desenvolvimento da América do Sul. A ... more Resumo: Esse artigo trata da dimensão regional do modelo de desenvolvimento da América do Sul. A pri-meira seção apresentará um balanço dos modelos de integração econômica regional a partir do conceito de regionalismo aberto. A segunda tratará dos processos de integração regional na América do Sul (Mercosul e Comunidade Andina de Nações) depois da década de 1990. A terceira discutirá o panorama político da região na década de 2000 e a tentativa de renovação das proposições sobre integração regional. Finalmente, serão analisados os resultados empíricos da integração econômica e da inserção internacional da América do Sul na economia mundial em termos comerciais (1985-2009). Palavras-chave: Integração Regional. América Latina. Modelo de Desenvolvimento. Comércio. Abstract: This article deals with the regional dimension of the South American development model The first section presents an assessment of regional economic integration models based on the concept of open region-alism. The ...
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Revista de Políticas Públicas, 2020
The global crisis triggered in 2008 brought reformist (social-liberal) and conservative (ultralib... more The global crisis triggered in 2008 brought reformist (social-liberal) and conservative (ultraliberal) resolutions that imply new strategies for resistance from social movements. This contemporary configuration raises reflections in the sense of temporal and spatial updating of the class consciousness of the proletariat, in addition to understanding the conjuncture dynamics of present times.
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Capital Movements and Corporate Dominance in Latin America, 2021
This chapter discusses the international development strategies of Latin American economies after... more This chapter discusses the international development strategies of Latin American economies after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). We argue that mainstream theories developed their propositions on the basis of Global Value Chains (GVC) and free international trade that, we consider, highly restrictive for these economies’ growth and development.The major break out of these developments are that after the 2008 GFC some advanced countries moved towards protectionist policies in order to limit GVCs and international trade; while LA economies, outstandingly Brazil, did not modify their position following uncritically the same international integration in relation to GVCs.In this context, we discuss the economic and financial development in relation to the international integration in the context of the global capital dynamics after GFC. We argue that developing economies, particularly the Brazilian economy experience has a subordinated character in the international financial s...
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Brésil(s)
Comprendre le Bresil d’aujourd’hui n’est pas une tâche aisee tant l’evolution du pays a ete rapid... more Comprendre le Bresil d’aujourd’hui n’est pas une tâche aisee tant l’evolution du pays a ete rapide depuis le debut des annees 2000. Presente comme exemple pour la reduction de la pauvrete et des inegalites sociales au debut du XXIe siecle, il a sombre une dizaine d’annees plus tard dans la plus grave crise economique, politique et sociale de son histoire. Pourquoi ce pays, gouverne a partir de 2003 par ce qui a souvent ete presente comme le fer de lance des partis progressistes d’Amerique lat...
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Problemas del Desarrollo. Revista Latinoamericana de Economía
Para analizar si la naturaleza de la integración económica es o no un vector de volatilidad macro... more Para analizar si la naturaleza de la integración económica es o no un vector de volatilidad macroeconómica, es esencial, en primer lugar, estudiar las características de diferentes regímenes de crecimiento en los países del MERCOSUR a través de la puesta en evidencia de los hechos estilizados. Es el objetivo de este artículo: evaluaremos los rendimientos de la zona durante sus diferentes fases (periodo 1960-2002). Podremos así analizar los avances y los límites de cada régimen de crecimiento en el transcurso de las últimas cuatro décadas. Durante el periodo 1991-2000, el MERCOSUR y las modalidades de su desarrollo serán más específicamente consideradas subrayando la importancia del régimen de cambio y su impacto sobre la volatilidad macroeconómica.
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Problemas del Desarrollo. Revista Latinoamericana de Economía
La fuerte volatilidad macroeconómica de los países sudamericanos desde fines de los años setenta ... more La fuerte volatilidad macroeconómica de los países sudamericanos desde fines de los años setenta plantea interrogantes a los economistas sobre las estrategias de desarrollo que éstos promueven. La integración económica regional en el seno del MERCOSUR y la apertura económica y financiera se han preconizado como factores de estabilización macroeconómica. Para verificar esas hipótesis, estudiamos los corolarios de la volatilidad macroeconómica en el MERCOSUR en el periodo 1976-2001, distinguiendo dos subgrupos de países (Argentina/Uruguay y Brasil/Paraguay). Hemos llegado, por una parte, con nuestros datos estadísticos, a sacar a la luz las carencias del regionalismo abierto y validar el concepto de desmercosurización, y, por otro lado, confirmar el papel de la volatilidad que juegan los flujos de capital extranjeros.
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Papers by Alexis Saludjian