Papers by GARY A WILLIAMS
Physical Review E, 2011
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Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 22, 2013
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Physical Review E, Apr 7, 2011
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Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 6, 2014
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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 1987
The structure of vortex lines is considered for the case of very thin 4He films, where the active... more The structure of vortex lines is considered for the case of very thin 4He films, where the active super fluid thickness is less than one atomic layer. The vortex core size and core energy can be extracted from experimental studies of the finite-size Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. For pure 4He films the core size should scale as the mean separation between atoms in the active layer. This would lead to an increase in the core size as the film is thinned, and hence a progressive broadening of the finite-size KT transition as the transition temperature is reduced below 1K. The addition of 3He to the film will also increase the core size, further broadening the transition and giving rise to an initial upward shift of the apparent Tc.
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Europhysics Letters, Mar 1, 2002
A dense fog consisting of superfluid 4He droplets can be generated in helium vapor up to a height... more A dense fog consisting of superfluid 4He droplets can be generated in helium vapor up to a height of 4–6cm from the helium surface by driving a piezo transducer plate immersed under the liquid. The average droplet size ranges from about 100μm at a drive frequency of 1kHz to 10μm at 100kHz, and the frequency dependence is consistent with the capillary-wave dispersion relation of the helium surface, with the droplets ejected from the surface being about one wavelength in diameter. It appears that the helium vapor is set into motion along with the droplets, greatly reducing the viscous drag on the droplets and making possible the substantial fog heights above the surface.
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Bulletin of the American …, 2005
Experiments are being undertaken to measure simultaneously the Casimir film thinning effect and t... more Experiments are being undertaken to measure simultaneously the Casimir film thinning effect and the superfluidity density of $^4$He films near $T_\lambda$. A silicon substrate with nanometer-scale roughness will be employed to minimize any effects of capillary ...
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Physica C: Superconductivity, 2004
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arXiv (Cornell University), May 12, 2022
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Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 1998
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Physica B-condensed Matter, Feb 1, 1994
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Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 15, 2021
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APS March Meeting Abstracts, Mar 1, 2003
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Physics, Feb 17, 2009
Imaging and tracking of bubbles in liquid helium formed by individual electrons allows study of s... more Imaging and tracking of bubbles in liquid helium formed by individual electrons allows study of superfluid vortices, and may permit analysis of unusual ionic species in fluids.
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Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Mar 1, 1983
The attenuation of superfluid two-phase sound in4He is calculated and compared with experimental ... more The attenuation of superfluid two-phase sound in4He is calculated and compared with experimental results. The dispersion relation of this mode (which consists of coupled vapor sound and second sound) is determined by boundary conditions at the free liquid surface. The primary source of attenuation is found to be the evaporation-condensation process at the free surface. A calculation using kinetic models for the nonequilibrium Onsager coefficients yields an attenuation in general agreement with experimental measurements.
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Physical Review Letters, Nov 19, 1984
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Physical Review Letters, Feb 1, 1990
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Physical Review Letters, Aug 13, 1984
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APS, Mar 1, 2001
The dynamics of superfluid and normal fogs are being studied with the technique of diffusing-wave... more The dynamics of superfluid and normal fogs are being studied with the technique of diffusing-wave spectroscopy (DWS). For the case of a water fog generated with a piezo driver below the liquid surface at 1.75 MHz, the droplets are about about 8 mum in diameter, and have a maximum density of 4×10^6/cm^3. The DWS data show the long-time tail of the diffusion constant, and match well with expectations for the Stokes drag on droplets of this size. DWS measurements are currently in progress for fogs of superfluid helium droplets, where about the same size droplets can be produced for piezo frequencies around 100 kHz.
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Papers by GARY A WILLIAMS