Araceli Striano

Two ideas stand out in the account of the Persian Wars which are repeated from the closest literary descriptions of the conflict between the Greeks and Persians onwards.On the one hand, that the Greeks defeated the Persians when they were far outnumbered and, on the other, that they fought for their freedom in fear of being enslaved. Few contemporary epigraphic documents survive from these wars, but all of them reflect,
for one reason or another, the enormous symbolic power they had for the Greeks, and especially for the Athenians. It is striking, moreover, that the mentioned ideas appear in two of the inscriptions dating from the time of the events.

del templo de Lindo es una larga inscripción 1 rodia del año 99 a.C. editada de forma ejemplar por el estudioso danés Blinkenberg en el año 1941 2. Se trata de un documento singular dentro del conjunto de las inscripciones procedentes de la isla de Rodas tanto por su contenido como por su redacción. El texto epigráfico comienza con un decreto en el que las autoridades lindias deciden encargar a dos ciudadanos de la ciudad la redacción del recuento de las ofrendas del templo. Sin embargo, no se trata sólo un catálogo 3 de las ofrendas , sino una descripción pormenorizada de estos objetos junto con los datos de quien hizo la ofrenda. Como el relato comienza con los personajes míticos e ilustres que las hicieron desde los tiempos más remotos, parece que es de alguna manera una excusa para poner de manifiesto la importancia del templo de Atenea lindia y de la propia ciudad de Lindo. Esto justifica el nombre de crónica que los epigrafistas dan a esta inscripción. La segunda parte de la i...

The history of Greek personal names (PN) related to the theonym Eros is striking.1 Despite being one of the most important gods, Eros, along with Aphrodite, is largely absent from Greek proper names in the archaic and classical periods. Later, however, and especially under Rome, there is a remarkable increase in PN at Rome and Pompeii, as well as in Hispania. The reason for the absence of Eros in early Greek names is most likely the sense of the Greek term ἔρως as ‘passionate love’, whereas its increased popularity in Hellenistic and Roman times reflects the more genial representation of the god of love in statues and reliefs.

The group of rock-cut graffiti from Thasos provides relevant information regarding phonetics, morphology or syntax of the Ionian spoken in the island and shows some instances of ephemeral words, that is, some singularities in vocabulary.
It also has the advantage of being a homogeneous and closed group
where it is possible to venture who their authors and addressees were.

Este volumen recoge más de una veintena de trabajos que, tras una cuidadosa preparación y evaluación, constituyen una muestra variopinta de las tendencias investigativas de los estudios clásicos en español. Se optó por una organización disciplinar y, en lo posible, cronológica, aunque si subsistían las sinergias constituidas por las mesas temáticas en las que originalmente se gestaron los trabajos, se privilegió esta disposición. Así se verán pequeñas unidades temáticas constituidas por dos o tres textos que hacen alusión entre sí. Sin embargo, hay muchos otros vasos comunicantes, verdaderas tarabitas que conectan reflexiones sobre las palabras, los conceptos y las historias de un planteamiento a otro.

The principal role of personal names is to identify individuals: the loss of the etymological semantic of a noun when transformed in personal name could be considered among universals of the language.
Boundaries between names and nouns are fuzzy in Greek, Latin and European languages, but in most of the languages of the Pacific Ocean Region names allow to a specific human class with special morphological marks.
(a) Have personal names mental representations of linguistic objects?
(b) Can we talk about categorization based on identity and similiarity? Do personal names have diachronic change?
(c) Can speakers storage personal names?
(d) Do the role of repetition have the same effects as in nouns? Reduction of form, reduction of meaning, emancipation?

Οι ροδιακής προελεύσεως ρηματικοί τύποι χρηῦνται και ἐποικοδομηῦν που απαντούν σε ελάσματα της Δωδώνης παρουσιάζουν τη μη αναμενόμενη γραφή <ΗΥ> για την απόδοση της ακολουθίας φωνηέντων /eͻ:/· οι γραφές αυτές συσχετίσθησαν με την
ορθογράφηση δύο ανθρωπωνυμίων από τη νήσο Τήλο, Τιμοκρηῦν και Ἑρμοκρηῦν. Η επανεξέταση του συνόλου των ονομάτων με β΄ συνθετικό –κρέων μπορεί κατά τη γνώμη μας να βοηθήσει στη διερεύνηση μιας πιθανής φωνολογικής ερμηνείας για την εξέλιξη της ακολουθίας /eͻ:/ και /eο:/ στη ροδιακή.
Les formes verbales rhodiennes provenant des lamelles de Dodone χρηῦνται et ἐποικοδομηῦν présentent une surprenante graphie <HY> pour la notation de l’hiatus long /eɔ:/, qui a été mise en rapport avec celle de deux noms propres de l’île de Télos, Τιμοκρηῦν et Ἑρμοκρηῦν. La prise en considération du dossier complet des noms propres à deuxième élément –κρέων peut à notre avis aider à envisager une explication phonétique plausible pour l’évolution des hiatus /eͻ:/ et /eo:/ en rhodien.

A new collective volume with over twenty important studies on less well-studied dialects of ancient Greek, particularly of the northern regions. The book covers geographically a broad area of the classical Greek world ranging from Central Greece to the overseas Greek colonies of Thrace and the Black Sea. Particular emphasis is placed on the epichoric varieties of areas on the northern fringe of the classical Greek world, including Thessaly, Epirus and Macedonia. Recent advances in research are taken into consideration in providing state-of-the art accounts of these understudied dialects, but also of more well-known dialects like Lesbian. In addition, other papers address special intriguing topics in these, but also in other dialects, such as Thessalian, Lesbian and Ionic, or focus on important multi-dialectal corpora such as the oracular tablets from Dodona. Finally, a number of studies examine broader topics like the supraregional Doric koinai or the concept of dialect continuum, or even explore the possibility of an ancient Balkansprachbund, which included Greek too. This new reference work covers a gap in current research and will be indispensable for people interested in Greek dialectology and ancient Greek in general.

The history of Greek personal names (PN) related to the theonym Eros is striking .  Despite being one of the most important gods, Eros, along with Aphrodite, is largely absent from Greek proper names in the archaic and classical periods.  Later, however, and especially under Rome, there is a remarkable increase in PN at Rome and Pompeii, as well as in Hispania.  The reason for the absence of Eros in early Greek names is most likely the sense of the Greek term ἔρως as "passionate love," whereas its increased popularity in Hellenistic and Roman times reflects the more genial representation of the god of love in statues and reliefs.

Les formes verbales rhodiennes provenant des lamelles de Dodone χρῆυνται et ἐποικοδομῆυν présentent une surprenante graphie <HY> pour la notation de l’hiatus long /eɔ:/ qui a été mise en rapport avec celle de deux noms propres de l’île de Télos, Τιμοκρῆυν et Ἑρμοκρῆυν. La prise en considération du dossier complet des noms propres à deuxième élément –κρέων peut à notre avis  aider à envisager une explication phonétique plausible pour  l’évolution des hiatus /eɔ:/ et /eo:/ en rhodien.

Emerita, LXXXI 1, 2013, pp. 73-89.

"Latin Feminine Personal Names of Greek origin coming from the Iberian Peninsula.

The presence of Greek Personal Names in the Latin inscriptions coming from the Iberian Peninsula is considerable. Furthermore, from the evidence found in religious centres it is clear that these inscriptions comprise a broad chronological period reaching to Medieval times. This paper shows that the Phonetic and Morphological adaptation of these names was very limited in Latin.  Consequently, the fact that the various forms of these Greek names did not expand outside the closed community which bore them is justified.

"

"This paper offers an explanation of the rhodian infinitive ΕΣΠΡΑΤΕΝ (= attic εἰσ-πράττειν) coming from an archaic inscription from Lindos.
My colleague Julián Méndez Dosuna (Universidad de Salamanca) has published another one in the same revue (Emerita 73 (2005) 97-106."

La estatua de Frasiclea fue encontrada en 1972 en el distrito ateniense de Merenda por el arqueólogo Evangelos Kakavoyiannis. El descubrimiento produjo un fuerte impacto por la belleza de la pieza (una de las emblemáticas del museo hoy en día) y porque la base de la estatua, un epigrama hallado mucho antes en una iglesia bizantina cercana encajaban perfectamente. Se trata de la única kore conservada junto con su epitafio. El contenido de este último ha sido explicado de distintas formas: se aporta una nueva forma de entenderlo.

La enorme variedad de los nombres propios (NP) de los antiguos griegos llama siempre la atención a quien emprenda su estudio por primera vez. Uno tiene la impresión de que cualquier palabra podría haberse empleado para crear un nombre propio. El abanico de posibilidades es extenso sobre todo en el caso de los NP que derivan de motes o sobrenombres: nombres de plantas y árboles, animales (mamíferos, insectos, peces), características físicas, colores, gentilicios, conceptos abstractos, juegos, utensilios de cocina, profesiones, etc. Para el estudioso en este campo es una fuente de datos que pueden servir de reflexión y comparación con lo que hallamos en nuestras propias sociedades. Además, resulta de gran interés analizar la estructura de los NP, su comportamiento lingüístico, su origen etimológico y su evolución a lo largo del tiempo 1. El caso concreto del griego antiguo puede ser especialmente ilustrativo para esta reflexión profunda. Hay que tener en cuenta que el período cronológico que abarcan los nombres griegos es muy amplio porque los ejemplos más antiguos se encuentran en las tablillas micénicas fechadas en torno a los siglos XIV‐XIII a.C. en el segundo milenio a.C. Después del período micénico contamos con la documentación más abundante, sobre todo epigráfica pero también literaria, que se prolonga desde época arcaica (s. VIII‐VII a.C.) hasta más allá de la época romana en la que los ejemplos de NP griegos de las inscripciones latinas de Roma sobre todo y en menor medida de Hispania siguen siendo abundantes e incluso a veces innovadores con respecto a los de la Península Helénica. Por otra parte, sabemos que los NP griegos han seguido utilizándose a lo largo de la Edad Media en buena parte de Europa hasta nuestros días. La muestra cronológica, por lo tanto, no tiene parangón en ningún otro lugar de la cultura occidental. Los NP griegos se suelen dividir en dos grandes bloques formados por aquellos que están compuestos de dos miembros del tipo Ἀλέξανδρος, Διόδωρος, Σωκράτης, Δημοσθένης, Ξανθίππη, y otros que son apodos, motes, del tipo Αἰσχύλος, Πλάτων, Ἰσμήνη, Φαῖδρος, etc. Es posible reconocer el significado primigenio, la etimología, de estos nombres en muchas ocasiones, aunque no en todas: dentro del primer grupo somos capaces de analizar los componentes y de averiguar su significado etimológico. Por ejemplo, en el caso de Ἀλέξανδρος o Διόδωρος, " el que se enfrenta a los hombres " , " el regalo de Zeus " 1 Algunas reflexiones de este tipo pueden encontrarse en A. Striano, " Aspectos del comportamiento lingüístico de los nombres propios: el ejemplo del griego antiguo " , Ágalma. Ofrenda desde la Filología Clásica a Manuel García Teijeiro. Universidad de Valladolid, 2014, 302‐311.

Female names constitute a specific corpus clearly delimited from a morphological and lexical point of view. It is also a corpus much more usable than the masculine proper names, which provides a significant sample whose linguistic conclusions can be a considerable help to be
applied to the anthroponymic Greek corpus as a whole. The study presented here is confined to the characteristic suffixes of these names and their linguistic behavior. We have at our disposal the LGPN database that provides us essential information to observe the presence or absence of the different suffixes in the following contexts: nicknames, compounds, hypocoristics and abbreviated forms, ie, the variety of ways that had the ancient Greeks at their disposal organized by Bechtel in his HPN which remains nowadays a necessary starting point.

The aim of this paper is to deal with the definition and consideration of the standard langage which we usually call Koina. We will consider if it has considerable unity, amply to justify us in speaking of a distinct type of Koine and if its peculiarities could have been consciously selected.
I will pay attention to the following items:
(a) The creation of new standard languages standing up to the Koine. The examples of Central and Northern Greece.
(b) The level of standardization of the Koina(s)
(c) The success and survival of the Koina(s)

Among the Greek names, those derived from a theonym are very frequent, as Diodorus, Artemidorus, Theodorus, Diogenes, Hermogenes, etc. The most popular and important gods are very well illustrated in proper names. Eros, a god who can be considered minor when compared with the Olympian gods is also present, reflecting the popularity of this deity in the  Greek society from a time which coincides with its frequent performance in paintings, sculptures, epigrams, hymns, etc. In fact, many of the examples that illustrate our corpus come from Roman cities and are therefore Latin names of Greek origin. We analyze from a linguistic point of view the formation of these names, their popularity and their adaptation in Latin.

Greek anthroponymy studies have a long tradition that goes back at least to the pioneering work of Fr. Bechtel, ‘Die Historische Personennamen des Griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit’ 1917, which remains today a work of forced reference (available online, https //archive.org/details/diehistorischenp00bechuoft).
Today the tools we have  for the study of these names have been improved substantially since the publication of the monumental work ‘Lexicon of Greek Personal Names’ (LGPN) published by Oxford (http://www .lgpn.ox.ac.uk/). All the names of most of the regions of ancient Greece are available. We can compare and analyze  the formation of  the proper names, the words that are used to create them, their phonetic evolution, etc.
We can also gather  these proper names with additional criteria, as Bechtel did  in 1909 in his study of  the proper names of the Athenian women ‘Attische Frauennamen nach ihre Syteme dargestellt’ (https://archive.org/stream/dieattischenfrau00bechuoft#page/n3/mode/2up).
In addition, the women names of the oldest Greek documents, the Mycenaean tablets, allow us to compare the data from  a diachronic point of view.
Our aim is the answer of the following questions: How are the names of the Greek women?  How  different are they  from the men names? What can we say about their survival?

In 1902 Friedrich Bechtel published 'Die Attische Frauennamen nach ihre Systeme dargestellt'. Therefore appeared more studies dedicated to this group of proper names among which are the  important contributions of Olivier Masson. Most recently, in 2009  Karin Stüber wrote the chapter specific of Greek female names in the 'Indogermanische Frauennamen', published in collaboration with Thomas Zehnder and Ulla Remmer in Heidelberg (pp. 101-148).
We have now a fundamental tool  which we can deal with a comprehensive study of these names, the 'Lexicon of Greek Personal Names', that allows us to compare the data in the various regions of Ancient Greece and analyze the developments of their suffixes. Our starting point will be the Mycenaean tablets that offer a quite different panorama from what appears later in the inscriptions.