Athman Gunda

The capability of adult and child witnesses to accurately recollect events from the past and provide reliable testimony has been hotly debated for more than 100 years. Prominent legal cases of the 1980s and 1990s sparked lengthy debates and important research questions surrounding the fallibility and general reliability of memory. But what lessons have we learned, some 35 years later, about the role of memory in the judicial system? In this review, we focus on what we now know about the consequences of the fallibility of memory for legal proceedings. We present a brief historical overview of false memories that focuses on three critical forensic areas that changed memory research: children as eyewitnesses, historic sexual abuse and eyewitness (mis)identification. We revisit some of the prominent trials of the 1980s and 1990s to not only consider the role false memories have played in judicial decisions, but also to see how this has helped us understand memory today. Finally, we cons...

Earthmoving includes site preparation, excavation, embankment construction, backfilling, dredging, preparing base course, sub base, and sub grade, compaction, and road surfacing. The types of equipment used and the environmental conditions will affect the man- and machine-hours required to complete a given amount of work. Earth moving tools and equipment catalogue is essential for estimating onsite productivity and measuring project performance in earthmoving operations. This paper presents an online catalogue for earth moving operations Short Message Service (SMS), based system, developed for estimating performance of earth moving operations which will greatly assist contractors in selecting tools and equipment for earth works using SMS, making the system economical and efficient. The proposed system is programmed in C# programming language. The database is hosted on a MySQL and it uses Global system for mobile communication (GSM) to connect to a modem which in turn sends and recei...

Abstract
Mineral exploitation contributes to economic growth and development in most world economies. Kenya ranks third largest producer of soda ash and seventh producer of fluorspar in the world. Export statistics indicate a constantly growing sector making mining as the next economic frontier. The sector consists artisanal and large-scale mining, each with varying environmental impacts. This study provides exposure on the environmental impacts of mining activities and its mitigation measures; it focused on the mining activities in Mkuki ranch. Primary and secondary data was collected, analysed, findings and recommendations documented, changing the narrative in managing  environmental impacts in mining areas.

Time and cost overruns on construction projects during the project life cycle continue to pose great challenges to developing countries. There are many factors that impede on successful completion of projects on time, budget, and quality. This study sought to investigate on the factors that significantly contributed to time and cost overruns on construction projects in Kenya, evaluate their relative ranking; and to quantify their impacts. The study was based on a questionnaire survey among persons drawn from contractors, consultants and other stakeholders in the construction industry. Significant variables from the survey, revealed various underlying factors example; Inaccurate estimates of project financing division between design and construction teams, contractor inabilities, improper project preparation, poor resource planning, and interpretation of requirements, works definition, timeliness, government bureaucracy, and risk allocation as having been significant contributors to time and cost overruns. These variables and underlying factors have potential of recurring in future projects, there is need to anticipate their occurrence, and to continually design appropriate strategies and mechanisms to overcome or minimize their potential impacts. Recommendations are given to assist the construction sector and other construction stakeholders on how effective project management could be done on future projects planning and implementation. Projects owners, managers and agencies in developing their project management strategies, can use the findings of this project as a reference.

Abstract- Earthmoving includes among others site preparation, sub base, and sub grade, compaction, and road surfacing. The types of equipment used and the environmental conditions will affect the man and machine-hours required to complete a given amount of work. This paper presents a management model using Geospatial Techniques (GT) for managing earth moving operations (EMO).
The developed model using Geospatial techniques comprises of Geographical Information System (GIS) and Geographical Positioning system (GPS), based model, and developed for managing earth moving operations. The proposed system is programmed in PHP programming language. The database is hosted on a MYSQL and it uses Global system for mobile communication (GSM) to connect to a modem that in turn sends and receive short messages (SMS) to and from a system administrator who in turn evaluates the operations performance.
The developed model has been coded and the code request must contain only alphanumeric characters. Real case example of GT developed model is analyzed to demonstrate its features and how it works. When applied in the earthmoving industry the system can be an enviable asset to earth moving operators in increasing efficiency in managing earthmoving operations.