Mäendusõpik on veebiõpik mäendusest. Veebiõpikut täiendatakse pidevalt, teemad lisanduvad jooksva... more Mäendusõpik on veebiõpik mäendusest. Veebiõpikut täiendatakse pidevalt, teemad lisanduvad jooksvalt.
Teie küsimused ja märkused on oodatud kommentaaride rubriigis ja ka teistel viisidel - suuliselt, e-mailides jne.
Õpiku väljundiks saavad mäeinstituudi ja mäeseltsi aastakogumikud, veebikursused, loengumaterjalid, digi- ja paberõpikud. Siia kogume ka seni hajusalt leitavad veebis avaldatud mäendusõppe materjalid. Osa õppematerjalidest on e-õppekeskkondades, sinna pääsevad ligi vastavatel kursustel osalejad.
Võtke palun autoritega ühendust, kui soovite samuti mäeõpiku täiendamisesse panustada.
Mining industry provides building materials for construction. Civil engineers have settled the qu... more Mining industry provides building materials for construction. Civil engineers have settled the quality parameters for construction materials. When we produce high quality building materials from carbonate rock (limestone, dolostone), then the estimated waste share is 25% to 30%, depending on crushing principles and rock quality. The challenge is to find suitable technology for waste recovery. During international mining waste related cooperation project MIN-NOVATION (www.min-novation.eu), partners mapped possibilities for waste recovery in mining industry and pointed out good examples and case studies. One example from Estonia showed that when we produce limestone aggregate, then we produce up to 30% waste material (fines with size 0-4mm). This waste material we can see as secondary raw material for building materials. Recovery technology for this fine grained material has been achieved with CDE separation plant. During the process the plant washes out minus 63 micron material from the limestone fines. This technology allows us to use 92% of all limestone reserves. By-product from 63 microns to 4 mm we can use as filler in concrete or as fine limestone aggregate for building or building materials.
In the future, oil shale mining conditions will worsen and environmental taxes will be increased.... more In the future, oil shale mining conditions will worsen and environmental taxes will be increased. Higher calorific value and more homogeneous material are required for more effective usage of boilers and generator units in power stations and oil plants. The solution for the mining industry is related to the optimal usage of mineral and technological resources, utilizing the best available techniques and modelling and visualization of mining impacts for explaining the changes in technology to the influenced parties. The main challenges for technologies in the future are related to the mining in environmentally or socially sensitive areas. One of the solutions could be utilizing selective mining and backfilling. Related tests have shown good results and show a promising future for sustainable oil shale mining.
ABSTRACT Kolats, M.; Valgma, I.; Robam, K.; Väizene, V.; Karu, V.; Reinsalu, E.; Sõstra, Ü. (2014... more ABSTRACT Kolats, M.; Valgma, I.; Robam, K.; Väizene, V.; Karu, V.; Reinsalu, E.; Sõstra, Ü. (2014). Mine water and dewatering of oil shale, limestone and phosphate rock mines in Estonia. In: Resources and energy saving: (Toim.) I. Valgma. Mäeinstituut, 2014.
The oil shale deposit in Estonia is located partly in a densely populated farming district of hig... more The oil shale deposit in Estonia is located partly in a densely populated farming district of high soil fertility. Underground oil shale production is conducted using the room-and-pillar method with drilling and blasting. A large amount of neutral (limestone) and hazardous waste (ash) is generated by the oil shale industry. The use of ash and limestone as backfilling materials reduces the volume and area required for surface disposal and consequently the environmental taxes. In 1980, a preliminary investigation was started with respect to the backfilling technology for the Estonian oil shale mines. Currently, experiments continue with tests on new ashes and waste rock aggregates. The main focus of the current study is to clarify if backfilling in given conditions would be technically possible. The study includes underground and surface mining space modelling, fill material supply and sample and mixture tests, discussion of technological schemes for backfilling. Laboratory UCS tests ...
Abstract The aim of current paper is to show different approach to determine oil shale resources ... more Abstract The aim of current paper is to show different approach to determine oil shale resources than it is conventional. The resources of Estonian kukersite oil shale are determined as mass production of oil shale layers A… F. The alternative option to calculate resources is based on seam heating value and energy rating of seam on one hand meeting requirements of oil shale utilising power plants or oil factories on the other hand.
Rock parameters are important to be considered in mine design. Physical-mechanical tests were car... more Rock parameters are important to be considered in mine design. Physical-mechanical tests were carried out on oil shale and dolostone samples from the Attarat Um Ghudran oil shale area in central Jordan, in order to determine the rock mass properties. It was necessary for assessing the feasibility of excavation and processing. Half-core and core samples were compressed up to failure during the Point Load Test (PLT) and Uni-axial Compressive Strength Test (UCST), respectively, and the PLT index (PLTI) and compressive strength were calculated. A conversion factor between PLTI and UCS for Jordan oil shale and dolostone was determined. The Crushing Resistance Test (CRT) on samples was conducted. Taking into consideration confidence limits, the recommended conversion factor 1 for Attarat oil shale and dolostone is respectively 14 and 12 and the recommended conversion factor 2 is 33 and 12, respectively. This knowledge is relevant in designing selective excavation and dry separation of oil shale.
The requirements for the quality of rock are changing from time to time depending on the customer... more The requirements for the quality of rock are changing from time to time depending on the customers. In Estonia, several selective methods have been tested for managing the flow of the run of mine. The main methods for selective extraction of limestone, oil shale and phosphate rock have been selective blasting, bulldozer and excavator ripping and cutting by surface miners. Selective crushing has been achieved by axle crusher and separation by jigging. All methods have shown promising results for changing the waste rock balance in the product. The working principle of the separation methods is based on physical properties of various materials. Some other tests have been performed, like crushing with Bradford breaker and fine separation. The main hypotheses are related to usability of dry selective crushing and in situ separation of oil shale and limestone in the mine to support effective management of calorific value and backfilling.
Karu, V.; Västrik, A.; Valgma, I. (2008). Application of modelling tools in Estonian oil shale mi... more Karu, V.; Västrik, A.; Valgma, I. (2008). Application of modelling tools in Estonian oil shale mining area . Oil Shale, 25(2S), 134 - 144.
Robam, K.; Valgma, I.; Iskül, R. (2011). Influence of water discharging on water balance and qual... more Robam, K.; Valgma, I.; Iskül, R. (2011). Influence of water discharging on water balance and quality in the Toolse river in Ubja oil shale mining region. Oil Shale, 28(3), 447 - 463.
Karu, V.; Valgma, I.; Kolats, M. (2013). Mine water as a potential source of energy from undergro... more Karu, V.; Valgma, I.; Kolats, M. (2013). Mine water as a potential source of energy from underground mined areas in Estonian oil shale deposit. Oil Shale, 30(2S), 336 - 362.
Orru, M.; Väizene, V.; Pastarus, J.-R.; Sõstra, Y.; Valgma, I. (2013). Possibilities of oil shale... more Orru, M.; Väizene, V.; Pastarus, J.-R.; Sõstra, Y.; Valgma, I. (2013). Possibilities of oil shale mining under the Selisoo mire of the Estonia oil shale deposit. Environmental Earth Sciences, 1 - 11.
Department of Mining at Tallinn University of Technology is preparing proposals for Horizon 2020 ... more Department of Mining at Tallinn University of Technology is preparing proposals for Horizon 2020 calls and is ready to be partner also in other mining related proposals.
Estonian mining research is focussed on oil shale, aggregate, peat and phosphate rock mining related topics. Additionally granite, shale, limestone mining, usage of mined out areas, water usage, environmental solutions, mining waste and social problems related to geotechnology are our interests.
Mäendusõpik on veebiõpik mäendusest. Veebiõpikut täiendatakse pidevalt, teemad lisanduvad jooksva... more Mäendusõpik on veebiõpik mäendusest. Veebiõpikut täiendatakse pidevalt, teemad lisanduvad jooksvalt.
Teie küsimused ja märkused on oodatud kommentaaride rubriigis ja ka teistel viisidel - suuliselt, e-mailides jne.
Õpiku väljundiks saavad mäeinstituudi ja mäeseltsi aastakogumikud, veebikursused, loengumaterjalid, digi- ja paberõpikud. Siia kogume ka seni hajusalt leitavad veebis avaldatud mäendusõppe materjalid. Osa õppematerjalidest on e-õppekeskkondades, sinna pääsevad ligi vastavatel kursustel osalejad.
Võtke palun autoritega ühendust, kui soovite samuti mäeõpiku täiendamisesse panustada.
Mining industry provides building materials for construction. Civil engineers have settled the qu... more Mining industry provides building materials for construction. Civil engineers have settled the quality parameters for construction materials. When we produce high quality building materials from carbonate rock (limestone, dolostone), then the estimated waste share is 25% to 30%, depending on crushing principles and rock quality. The challenge is to find suitable technology for waste recovery. During international mining waste related cooperation project MIN-NOVATION (www.min-novation.eu), partners mapped possibilities for waste recovery in mining industry and pointed out good examples and case studies. One example from Estonia showed that when we produce limestone aggregate, then we produce up to 30% waste material (fines with size 0-4mm). This waste material we can see as secondary raw material for building materials. Recovery technology for this fine grained material has been achieved with CDE separation plant. During the process the plant washes out minus 63 micron material from the limestone fines. This technology allows us to use 92% of all limestone reserves. By-product from 63 microns to 4 mm we can use as filler in concrete or as fine limestone aggregate for building or building materials.
In the future, oil shale mining conditions will worsen and environmental taxes will be increased.... more In the future, oil shale mining conditions will worsen and environmental taxes will be increased. Higher calorific value and more homogeneous material are required for more effective usage of boilers and generator units in power stations and oil plants. The solution for the mining industry is related to the optimal usage of mineral and technological resources, utilizing the best available techniques and modelling and visualization of mining impacts for explaining the changes in technology to the influenced parties. The main challenges for technologies in the future are related to the mining in environmentally or socially sensitive areas. One of the solutions could be utilizing selective mining and backfilling. Related tests have shown good results and show a promising future for sustainable oil shale mining.
ABSTRACT Kolats, M.; Valgma, I.; Robam, K.; Väizene, V.; Karu, V.; Reinsalu, E.; Sõstra, Ü. (2014... more ABSTRACT Kolats, M.; Valgma, I.; Robam, K.; Väizene, V.; Karu, V.; Reinsalu, E.; Sõstra, Ü. (2014). Mine water and dewatering of oil shale, limestone and phosphate rock mines in Estonia. In: Resources and energy saving: (Toim.) I. Valgma. Mäeinstituut, 2014.
The oil shale deposit in Estonia is located partly in a densely populated farming district of hig... more The oil shale deposit in Estonia is located partly in a densely populated farming district of high soil fertility. Underground oil shale production is conducted using the room-and-pillar method with drilling and blasting. A large amount of neutral (limestone) and hazardous waste (ash) is generated by the oil shale industry. The use of ash and limestone as backfilling materials reduces the volume and area required for surface disposal and consequently the environmental taxes. In 1980, a preliminary investigation was started with respect to the backfilling technology for the Estonian oil shale mines. Currently, experiments continue with tests on new ashes and waste rock aggregates. The main focus of the current study is to clarify if backfilling in given conditions would be technically possible. The study includes underground and surface mining space modelling, fill material supply and sample and mixture tests, discussion of technological schemes for backfilling. Laboratory UCS tests ...
Abstract The aim of current paper is to show different approach to determine oil shale resources ... more Abstract The aim of current paper is to show different approach to determine oil shale resources than it is conventional. The resources of Estonian kukersite oil shale are determined as mass production of oil shale layers A… F. The alternative option to calculate resources is based on seam heating value and energy rating of seam on one hand meeting requirements of oil shale utilising power plants or oil factories on the other hand.
Rock parameters are important to be considered in mine design. Physical-mechanical tests were car... more Rock parameters are important to be considered in mine design. Physical-mechanical tests were carried out on oil shale and dolostone samples from the Attarat Um Ghudran oil shale area in central Jordan, in order to determine the rock mass properties. It was necessary for assessing the feasibility of excavation and processing. Half-core and core samples were compressed up to failure during the Point Load Test (PLT) and Uni-axial Compressive Strength Test (UCST), respectively, and the PLT index (PLTI) and compressive strength were calculated. A conversion factor between PLTI and UCS for Jordan oil shale and dolostone was determined. The Crushing Resistance Test (CRT) on samples was conducted. Taking into consideration confidence limits, the recommended conversion factor 1 for Attarat oil shale and dolostone is respectively 14 and 12 and the recommended conversion factor 2 is 33 and 12, respectively. This knowledge is relevant in designing selective excavation and dry separation of oil shale.
The requirements for the quality of rock are changing from time to time depending on the customer... more The requirements for the quality of rock are changing from time to time depending on the customers. In Estonia, several selective methods have been tested for managing the flow of the run of mine. The main methods for selective extraction of limestone, oil shale and phosphate rock have been selective blasting, bulldozer and excavator ripping and cutting by surface miners. Selective crushing has been achieved by axle crusher and separation by jigging. All methods have shown promising results for changing the waste rock balance in the product. The working principle of the separation methods is based on physical properties of various materials. Some other tests have been performed, like crushing with Bradford breaker and fine separation. The main hypotheses are related to usability of dry selective crushing and in situ separation of oil shale and limestone in the mine to support effective management of calorific value and backfilling.
Karu, V.; Västrik, A.; Valgma, I. (2008). Application of modelling tools in Estonian oil shale mi... more Karu, V.; Västrik, A.; Valgma, I. (2008). Application of modelling tools in Estonian oil shale mining area . Oil Shale, 25(2S), 134 - 144.
Robam, K.; Valgma, I.; Iskül, R. (2011). Influence of water discharging on water balance and qual... more Robam, K.; Valgma, I.; Iskül, R. (2011). Influence of water discharging on water balance and quality in the Toolse river in Ubja oil shale mining region. Oil Shale, 28(3), 447 - 463.
Karu, V.; Valgma, I.; Kolats, M. (2013). Mine water as a potential source of energy from undergro... more Karu, V.; Valgma, I.; Kolats, M. (2013). Mine water as a potential source of energy from underground mined areas in Estonian oil shale deposit. Oil Shale, 30(2S), 336 - 362.
Orru, M.; Väizene, V.; Pastarus, J.-R.; Sõstra, Y.; Valgma, I. (2013). Possibilities of oil shale... more Orru, M.; Väizene, V.; Pastarus, J.-R.; Sõstra, Y.; Valgma, I. (2013). Possibilities of oil shale mining under the Selisoo mire of the Estonia oil shale deposit. Environmental Earth Sciences, 1 - 11.
Department of Mining at Tallinn University of Technology is preparing proposals for Horizon 2020 ... more Department of Mining at Tallinn University of Technology is preparing proposals for Horizon 2020 calls and is ready to be partner also in other mining related proposals.
Estonian mining research is focussed on oil shale, aggregate, peat and phosphate rock mining related topics. Additionally granite, shale, limestone mining, usage of mined out areas, water usage, environmental solutions, mining waste and social problems related to geotechnology are our interests.
Ignatovets, S.; Valgma, I. (2014). Põlevkivi rikastamisjääkide ladustamine ja alternatiivne kasut... more Ignatovets, S.; Valgma, I. (2014). Põlevkivi rikastamisjääkide ladustamine ja alternatiivne kasutamine. Valgma, I.; Väizene, V.; Kolats, M.; Grossfeldt, G.; Karu, V.; Nurme, M. (Toim.). Mäendus (198 - 202).Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli mäeinstituut
The 21st Annual General Meeting of Society of Mining Professors (21st AGM SOMP) in Tallinn, Esto... more The 21st Annual General Meeting of Society of Mining Professors (21st AGM SOMP) in Tallinn, Estonia (June 18-22 2010). The SOMP AGM 2010 conference - Innovation in Mining will be hosted by Department of Mining of Tallinn University of Technology.
Program will contain conference presentations, poster sessions, SOMP Council and Committees meetings, workshops and will end with guided tours to Estonian oil shale mining district.
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Books by Ingo Valgma
Teie küsimused ja märkused on oodatud kommentaaride rubriigis ja ka teistel viisidel - suuliselt, e-mailides jne.
Õpiku väljundiks saavad mäeinstituudi ja mäeseltsi aastakogumikud, veebikursused, loengumaterjalid, digi- ja paberõpikud. Siia kogume ka seni hajusalt leitavad veebis avaldatud mäendusõppe materjalid. Osa õppematerjalidest on e-õppekeskkondades, sinna pääsevad ligi vastavatel kursustel osalejad.
Võtke palun autoritega ühendust, kui soovite samuti mäeõpiku täiendamisesse panustada.
Head õppimist ja otsimist!
Mäendusõpik
ISBN 978-9949-430-25-3
Võrguteavik
http://mi.ttu.ee/opik
TTÜ mäeinstituut
MTÜ Eesti Mäeselts
Mäendusõpik on grandi "Säästliku kaevandamise tingimused" publikatsioon - mi.ttu.ee/ETF7499
Papers by Ingo Valgma
Estonian mining research is focussed on oil shale, aggregate, peat and phosphate rock mining related topics. Additionally granite, shale, limestone mining, usage of mined out areas, water usage, environmental solutions, mining waste and social problems related to geotechnology are our interests.
We welcome cooperation in all related fields.
Teie küsimused ja märkused on oodatud kommentaaride rubriigis ja ka teistel viisidel - suuliselt, e-mailides jne.
Õpiku väljundiks saavad mäeinstituudi ja mäeseltsi aastakogumikud, veebikursused, loengumaterjalid, digi- ja paberõpikud. Siia kogume ka seni hajusalt leitavad veebis avaldatud mäendusõppe materjalid. Osa õppematerjalidest on e-õppekeskkondades, sinna pääsevad ligi vastavatel kursustel osalejad.
Võtke palun autoritega ühendust, kui soovite samuti mäeõpiku täiendamisesse panustada.
Head õppimist ja otsimist!
Mäendusõpik
ISBN 978-9949-430-25-3
Võrguteavik
http://mi.ttu.ee/opik
TTÜ mäeinstituut
MTÜ Eesti Mäeselts
Mäendusõpik on grandi "Säästliku kaevandamise tingimused" publikatsioon - mi.ttu.ee/ETF7499
Estonian mining research is focussed on oil shale, aggregate, peat and phosphate rock mining related topics. Additionally granite, shale, limestone mining, usage of mined out areas, water usage, environmental solutions, mining waste and social problems related to geotechnology are our interests.
We welcome cooperation in all related fields.
Program will contain conference presentations, poster sessions, SOMP Council and Committees meetings, workshops and will end with guided tours to Estonian oil shale mining district.