Neuromedin U
| Neuromedin U | |
|---|---|
| Identifikatori | |
| Simbol | NMU |
| Entrez | 10874 |
| HUGO | 7859 |
| OMIM | 605103 |
| RefSeq | NM_006681 |
| UniProt | P48645 |
| Drugi podaci | |
| Lokus | Hromozom 4 q12 |
Neuromedin U (NmU) je neuropeptid nađen u mozgu ljudi i drugih sisara, koji ima brojne funkcije među kojima je kontrakcija glatkih mišića, regulacija krvnog pritiska, percepcija bola, apetit, rast kostiju, i oslobađanje hormona. On je prvi put bio izolovan iz kičmene moždine 1985. Dobio je ime po njegovoj sposobnosti mišićne kontrakcije u uterusu.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Neuromedin U je visoko očuvani neuropetid prisutan u mnogim vrstama. On postoji u više izoformi. Na primer, kod ljudi to je peptid sa 25 aminokiselina (U-25), kod pacova je 23 aminokiseline dug (U-23), a nađeno je da je kod nekih sisara ima 8 aminokiselina. NMU-8 je identikal sa C terminusom NMU-25 peptida, koji je najočuvaniji region celog peptida.[9] Relativni doprinos različitih izoformi biološkoj funkciji neuromedina U nije potpuno ispitan. Neuromedin U, poput mnogih neuroaktivnih peptida, je amidisan na C-terminusu, i sve izoforme imaju identičan C-terminalni heptapeptid.
Sekvenca neuromedina U-23 kod pacova je: YKVNEYNGPVAPSGGFFLFRPRN-(NH2).[1]
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Brighton PJ, Szekeres PG, Willars GB (2004). „Neuromedin U and its receptors: structure, function, and physiological roles”. Pharmacol. Rev. 56 (2): 231–48. DOI:10.1124/pr.56.2.3. PMID 15169928.
- ↑ Torres R, Croll SD, Vercollone J, Reinhardt J, Griffiths J, Zabski S, Anderson KD, Adams NC, Gowen L, Sleeman MW, Valenzuela DM, Wiegand SJ, Yancopoulos GD, Murphy AJ (August 2007). „Mice genetically deficient in neuromedin U receptor 2, but not neuromedin U receptor 1, have impaired nociceptive responses”. Pain 130 (3): 267–78. DOI:10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.036. PMID 17379411.
- ↑ Novak CM, Zhang M, Levine JA (September 2007). „Sensitivity of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to the locomotor-activating effects of neuromedin U in obesity”. Brain Research 1169: 57–68. DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.06.055. PMC 2735201. PMID 17706946.
- ↑ Vigo E, Roa J, Pineda R, Castellano JM, Navarro VM, Aguilar E, Pinilla L, Tena-Sempere M (November 2007). „Novel role of the anorexigenic peptide neuromedin U in the control of LH secretion and its regulation by gonadal hormones and photoperiod”. American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism 293 (5): E1265–73. DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00425.2007. PMID 17726140.
- ↑ Iwai T, Iinuma Y, Kodani R, Oka J (May 2008). „Neuromedin U inhibits inflammation-mediated memory impairment and neuronal cell-death in rodents”. Neuroscience Research 61 (1): 113–9. DOI:10.1016/j.neures.2008.01.018. PMID 18336945.
- ↑ Brighton PJ, Wise A, Dass NB, Willars GB (April 2008). „Paradoxical behavior of neuromedin U in isolated smooth muscle cells and intact tissue”. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 325 (1): 154–64. DOI:10.1124/jpet.107.132803. PMID 18180374.
- ↑ Tanida M, Satomi J, Shen J, Nagai K (February 2009). „Autonomic and cardiovascular effects of central neuromedin U in rats”. Physiology & Behavior 96 (2): 282–8. DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.10.008. PMID 18977236.
- ↑ Mitchell JD, Maguire JJ, Kuc RE, Davenport AP (February 2009). „Expression and vasoconstrictor function of anorexigenic peptides neuromedin U-25 and S in the human cardiovascular system”. Cardiovascular Research 81 (2): 353–61. DOI:10.1093/cvr/cvn302. PMID 18987052.
- ↑ Zeng H, Gragerov A, Hohmann JG, Pavlova MN, Schimpf BA, Xu H, Wu LJ, Toyoda H, Zhao MG, Rohde AD, Gragerova G, Onrust R, Bergmann JE, Zhuo M, Gaitanaris GA (December 2006). „Neuromedin U receptor 2-deficient mice display differential responses in sensory perception, stress, and feeding”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 (24): 9352–63. DOI:10.1128/MCB.01148-06. PMC 1698522. PMID 17030627.