The ameloblastoma is the most common and aggressive odontogenic tumour of the jaws. But only rarely the anterior portions of the jaws are involved. Since extensive ameloblastoma of the mandible crossing the symphysis upto the canine... more
The ameloblastoma is the most common and aggressive odontogenic tumour of the jaws. But only rarely the anterior portions of the jaws are involved. Since extensive ameloblastoma of the mandible crossing the symphysis upto the canine region of the opposite site is a rare occurrence, so we are encouraged to present this case for academic interest.
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The present study was conducted with a view to know the productive and reproductive performance of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and crossbred goats in Chittagong district during the period of May to December 2012. The data on productive and... more
The present study was conducted with a view to know the productive and reproductive performance of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and crossbred goats in Chittagong district during the period of May to December 2012. The data on productive and reproductive traits were collected from 324 goats as a whole. In the pre-sent study, the birth weight of Jamunapari goats was higher than other crosses. The adult weight of Jamun-apari, Black Bengal and crossbred bucks and does were 50.70 ± 3.53, 24.27 ± 1.67 and 40.38 ± 2.90 kg and 45.47 ± 3.78, 21.06 ± 2.33 and 35.72 ± 2.97 kg, respectively. The highest milk yield and lactation period were observed in Jamunapari goats than other crosses. The average age at puberty of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and crossbred goats were 335.00 ± 25.77, 194.12 ± 18.73 and 287.50 ± 22.57 days, respectively. Age at first conception of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and crossbred goats were 381.00 ± 22.54, 217.94 ± 16.87 and 321.25 ± 21.25 days, respectively. Age at first kiddin...
A total of sixty (60) layer birds ISA Brown Strain divided in three cages were selected for study. The birds were maintained in Battery cage system in experimental unit of Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh to investigate the... more
A total of sixty (60) layer birds ISA Brown Strain divided in three cages were selected for study. The birds were maintained in Battery cage system in experimental unit of Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh to investigate the effects of hematobiochemical changes during egg production of layer birds. The design of the experiment was RBD with five replications and four different layer birds of age of 24-28wks, 29-33wks, 34-38wks and 39-43wks. The highest value of TEC, TLC, Hb and PCV, SGOT, SGPT and Ca were 2.833±0.04 million/mm3, 21.7±0.10 thousand/mm3, 8.883±0.03gm/dl and 28.58±0.02 (%), 14.2±0.2iu/l, 23.03±0.23iu/l and 9.013±0.10mg/l of blood respectively, obtained during 39-43wks of egg production and lowest value was in 24-28 weeks of age. There was significantly (p<0.01) lower in 24-28 weeks of age than the 39- 43 weeks of age. The number of TEC, TLC and concentration Hb, PCV were increasing according to age of birds. The SGOT/AST, SGPT/ALT and Calcium (Ca) were stati...
In Bangladesh the artificial insemination (AI) technique has been used near about fifty years and every year this program is extended. Using A.I. the productive and reproductive performances of our cattle population has improved day by... more
In Bangladesh the artificial insemination (AI) technique has been used near about fifty years and every year this program is extended. Using A.I. the productive and reproductive performances of our cattle population has improved day by day. In spite of these advantages, this technique is not yet adopted by the farmers of many areas in our country. Therefore, to understand the reason behind this, we aimed to study the present status of AI compare to that of Natural Insemination of cattle at Biswanath Upazilla in Sylhet. In this study, 100 cows were selected for natural services and 100 cows for AI After completion of this study we found that 30 male calves and 35 female calves were produced by natural services and in case of AI, 42 were male and 46 were female. In natural services, the ratio of male and female was 30:35, while it was 42:46 for AI Conception rate in natural services and AI were 65% and 88%, respectively. Service per conception in natural services was 1.3 and in AI it ...
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This paper presents the design, construction and testing of grounded frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) used to eliminate speckle, produced by coherent mm-wave sources. The reflection amplitude and phase of two dimensional periodic... more
This paper presents the design, construction and testing of grounded frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) used to eliminate speckle, produced by coherent mm-wave sources. The reflection amplitude and phase of two dimensional periodic arrays of slot FSSs printed on a grounded Roger 4003C substrate are investigated. It is shown that the reflection phase variation as a function of slot length is
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The present investigation was designed to determine the antidiabetic activity of the methanol: ethyl acetate (1:9) extract of root of Peltophorum pterocarpum on alloxan and glucose induced diabetic mouse model. The extract was given... more
The present investigation was designed to determine the antidiabetic activity of the methanol: ethyl acetate (1:9) extract of root of Peltophorum pterocarpum on alloxan and glucose induced diabetic mouse model. The extract was given intraperitoneally at a dose of 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight and the hypoglycemic effects was compared with standard drug vincristine sulphate, a standard drug. The extract reduced blood glucose level in both diabetic model and at 300 mg/kg dose, the test sample showed better activity. The extract was also subjected to brine shrimp lethality bioassay and phytochemical screening test. LC50 value of the extract was 28.25 μg/ml and for standard drug vincristine sulphate it was 14.55 μg/ml. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of different types of compounds including flavonoids and steroids. Our results suggest that root of P. pterocarpum demonstrated promising antidiabetic activity with low cytotoxicity that substantiate...
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We apply Takagi methodology to study the multifractal behavior of shower particles produced in 12C-Em collisions at 3.6 A GeV and p-Em collisions at 400 GeV. The multiplicity moments are found to have a power law dependence on the mean... more
We apply Takagi methodology to study the multifractal behavior of shower particles produced in 12C-Em collisions at 3.6 A GeV and p-Em collisions at 400 GeV. The multiplicity moments are found to have a power law dependence on the mean multiplicity in the varying bin sizes for different nuclear targets. The values of the generalized dimensions are evaluated and found to decrease with q, thereby supporting multifractality in multiparticle production. The values of the multifractal specific heat are also evaluated for our data and for collisions of other heavy ions. We find that the multifractal specific heat seems to have a universal value (~1/4) that does not depend on the type of ions and their energy.
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The anomalous scaling behaviour of two-dimensional second-order factorial moment F2 for shower particles produced in 28Si-emulsion collisions at 14.6 A GeV has been investigated. The slopes of ln F2 versus ln M plots for different values... more
The anomalous scaling behaviour of two-dimensional second-order factorial moment F2 for shower particles produced in 28Si-emulsion collisions at 14.6 A GeV has been investigated. The slopes of ln F2 versus ln M plots for different values of Hurst exponent H have been determined. The parameter 'a' that characterizes the upward bending of ln F2 versus ln M plots has been determined. A comparison of our results with the corresponding results for events generated using UrQMD model indicates that the upward bending of the two-dimensional moment cannot be explained by the model.
Fluctuations in the spatial patterns of the final states of Si–emulsion collisions at 14.6 A GeV are studied. The values of the entropy index that quantifies these fluctuations are obtained for our data and compared with the values of the... more
Fluctuations in the spatial patterns of the final states of Si–emulsion collisions at 14.6 A GeV are studied. The values of the entropy index that quantifies these fluctuations are obtained for our data and compared with the values of the entropy index calculated for the generated events. Our results indicate that the multiparticle production in Si–emulsion collisions at 14.6 A GeV exhibits chaotic behaviour.
Modified Gq-moments have been employed to study multifractal behavior of multiplicity fluctuations in 28Si-AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. The connection between the Gq-moments and the normalized factorial moments Fq has also been... more
Modified Gq-moments have been employed to study multifractal behavior of multiplicity fluctuations in 28Si-AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. The connection between the Gq-moments and the normalized factorial moments Fq has also been investigated. Power law dependences of the moments on the number of bins M have been observed in the data. The generalized dimensions Dq and the multifractal specific heat for our data have also been determined.
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This paper presents an analysis of medium energy target-associated protons emitted in 28Si-AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. Evidence of non-statistical fluctuations and multifractality in the data has been found. Values of the multifractal... more
This paper presents an analysis of medium energy target-associated protons emitted in 28Si-AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. Evidence of non-statistical fluctuations and multifractality in the data has been found. Values of the multifractal specific heat for our data have also been determined.
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The scaled factorial moments Fq are studied for 28Si–AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. These moments follow the generalized power law 〈Fq(M)〉∝[g(M)]ϕq. The values of ϕq/ϕ2 obtained from the linear fits of ln 〈Fq〉 versus ln 〈F2〉 graphs are... more
The scaled factorial moments Fq are studied for 28Si–AgBr collisions at 14.6 AGeV. These moments follow the generalized power law 〈Fq(M)〉∝[g(M)]ϕq. The values of ϕq/ϕ2 obtained from the linear fits of ln 〈Fq〉 versus ln 〈F2〉 graphs are found to obey the Brax–Peschanski formula with Levy index μ = 1.635 ± 0.012 for η space and μ = 1.801 ± 0.003 for ϕ space. These values lie within the Levy stable region 0 ⩽ μ ⩽ 2. An analytical continuation of the Brax–Peschanski formula has been used to obtain the multifractal spectra f(αq) in negative q region.
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Concentrations of fourteen trace elements (essential and toxic) in the composite samples (collected from 30 different agro-ecological zones for the first time in Bangladesh) of three highly consumed cultured fish species (Labeo rohita,... more
Concentrations of fourteen trace elements (essential and toxic) in the composite samples (collected from 30 different agro-ecological zones for the first time in Bangladesh) of three highly consumed cultured fish species (Labeo rohita, Pangasius pangasius and Oreochromis mossambicus) were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The estimated daily dietary intake (EDI) of all the studied elements was estimated on the basis of a calculation of the amount of fish consumed by Bangladeshi households (mean fish consumption of 49.5gperson(-1)d(-1)). The studied fish species pose no risk with respect to the EDI of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Se, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sb, Ba, V, and Ag. Among the three studied fishes O. mossambicus showed higher content of dietary arsenic (1.486mgkg(-1)). From the human health point of view, this study showed that the inhabitants in the arsenic-contaminated area, who consume arsenic-contaminated water with fish (especially for O. mossambicus), are e...
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Diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders than the general population, this may influence diabetic management. In this study, we investigated thyroid hormone levels in uncontrolled diabetic patients. This comparative... more
Diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders than the general population, this may influence diabetic management. In this study, we investigated thyroid hormone levels in uncontrolled diabetic patients. This comparative study was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM). Fifty-two diabetic patients were consecutively selected from diabetic patients attending the out-patient department of BIRDEM. Fifty control subjects were selected from non-diabetic patients who attended the out-patient department of BIRDEM for routine check-ups as advised by their attending physicians. The subjects in both groups were above 30 years of age. The concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (FT4) were evaluated using a Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) procedure. Patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly lower serum FT3 levels (p = 0.000) ...
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Our understanding of the development and maintenance of tissues has been greatly aided by large-scale gene expression analysis. However, tissues are invariably complex, and expression analysis of a tissue confounds the true expression... more
Our understanding of the development and maintenance of tissues has been greatly aided by large-scale gene expression analysis. However, tissues are invariably complex, and expression analysis of a tissue confounds the true expression patterns of its constituent cell types. Here we describe a novel strategy to access such complex samples. Single-cell RNA-seq expression profiles were generated, and clustered to form a two-dimensional cell map onto which expression data were projected. The resulting cell map integrates three levels of organization: the whole population of cells, the functionally distinct subpopulations it contains, and the single cells themselves-all without need for known markers to classify cell types. The feasibility of the strategy was demonstrated by analyzing the transcriptomes of 85 single cells of two distinct types. We believe this strategy will enable the unbiased discovery and analysis of naturally occurring cell types during development, adult physiology, ...
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Reverse transcriptases derived from Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) have an intrinsic terminal transferase activity, which causes the addition of a few non-templated nucleotides at the 3' end of cDNA, with a preference for... more
Reverse transcriptases derived from Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) have an intrinsic terminal transferase activity, which causes the addition of a few non-templated nucleotides at the 3' end of cDNA, with a preference for cytosine. This mechanism can be exploited to make the reverse transcriptase switch template from the RNA molecule to a secondary oligonucleotide during first-strand cDNA synthesis, and thereby to introduce arbitrary barcode or adaptor sequences in the cDNA. Because the mechanism is relatively efficient and occurs in a single reaction, it has recently found use in several protocols for single-cell RNA sequencing. However, the base preference of the terminal transferase activity is not known in detail, which may lead to inefficiencies in template switching when starting from tiny amounts of mRNA. Here, we used fully degenerate oligos to determine the exact base preference at the template switching site up to a distance of ten nucleotides. We found a strong ...
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The primary sensory system requires the integrated function of multiple cell types, although its full complexity remains unclear. We used comprehensive transcriptome analysis of 622 single mouse neurons to classify them in an unbiased... more
The primary sensory system requires the integrated function of multiple cell types, although its full complexity remains unclear. We used comprehensive transcriptome analysis of 622 single mouse neurons to classify them in an unbiased manner, independent of any a priori knowledge of sensory subtypes. Our results reveal eleven types: three distinct low-threshold mechanoreceptive neurons, two proprioceptive, and six principal types of thermosensitive, itch sensitive, type C low-threshold mechanosensitive and nociceptive neurons with markedly different molecular and operational properties. Confirming previously anticipated major neuronal types, our results also classify and provide markers for new, functionally distinct subtypes. For example, our results suggest that itching during inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis is linked to a distinct itch-generating type. We demonstrate single-cell RNA-seq as an effective strategy for dissecting sensory responsive cells into dis...
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Cancer cells which escape induction therapy are a major cause of relapse. Understanding metabolic alterations associated with drug resistance opens up unexplored opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we... more
Cancer cells which escape induction therapy are a major cause of relapse. Understanding metabolic alterations associated with drug resistance opens up unexplored opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we applied a broad spectrum of technologies including RNA sequencing, global untargeted metabolomics and stable isotope labelling mass spectrometry to identify metabolic changes in P-glycoprotein overexpressing T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, which escaped a therapeutically relevant daunorubicin treatment. We show that compared to sensitive ALL cells, resistant leukemia cells possess a fundamentally rewired central metabolism characterized by reduced dependence on glutamine despite a lack of expression of glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), a higher demand for glucose and an altered rate of fatty acid β-oxidation, accompanied by a decreased pantothenic acid uptake capacity. We experimentally validate our findings by selectively targeting co...
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Research Interests: Environmental microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Molecular Epidemiology, Mexico, Biological Sciences, and 11 moreVirulence, Molecular typing, Humans, Cluster Analysis, Bacterial secretion systems, Cholera, Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Genetic variation, MEXICO, Cholera toxin-b, and Virulence Factors
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Improving software process to achieve high quality in a software development organization is the key factor to success. Bangladeshi software firms have not experienced much in this particular area in comparison to other countries. The ISO... more
Improving software process to achieve high quality in a software development organization is the key factor to success. Bangladeshi software firms have not experienced much in this particular area in comparison to other countries. The ISO 9001 and CMM standard has become a basic part of software development. The main objectives of our study are: 1) To understand the software development process uses by the software developer firms in Bangladesh 2) To identify the development practices based on established quality standard and 3) To establish a standardized and coherent process for the development of software for a specific project. It is revealed from this research that software industries of Bangladesh are lacking in target set for software process and improvement, involvement of quality control activities, and standardize business expertise practice. This paper investigates the Bangladeshi software industry in the light of the above challenges.
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The antidiabetic effects of Ethyl acetate (Et Ac), Petroleum-ether (Pet ether), and Chloroform fractions from methanolic extract of the seeds of Entada phaseoloides were investigated in alloxan induced diabetic mice (AIDM). The effect of... more
The antidiabetic effects of Ethyl acetate (Et Ac), Petroleum-ether (Pet ether), and Chloroform fractions from methanolic extract of the seeds of Entada phaseoloides were investigated in alloxan induced diabetic mice (AIDM). The effect of these fractions (200 mg ...
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Records of all patients who were admitted to or who died in Dhaka hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) between July 1980 and 30th June 1981 were reviewed to identify epidemiological... more
Records of all patients who were admitted to or who died in Dhaka hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) between July 1980 and 30th June 1981 were reviewed to identify epidemiological characters associated with in-hospital diarrhoeal diseases-related deaths. Information on aetiological agents, age, sex, major complications, nutritional status and level of dehydration were analysed. Over the one-year period, 3251 patients were admitted to the medical wards and 400 died. Children under five made up 72% of patients admitted and 77% of those who died. All patients were cultured for enteric vibrios, Salmonella and Shigella; 25% of the patients had at least one of these organisms. Shigella was most common and was isolated from 13% of the patients and 19% of those who died. Case-fatality rates in patients with Shigella and Vibrio cholerae non-OI (NAG) were significantly higher than other enteric pathogens (V. cholerae OI, Salmonella typhi and mixed). Case fatality for Vibrio cholerae non-OI was higher than Shigella (25.8% and 17.2%) but the difference was not statistically significant. Among those who died 21% were severely dehydrated and 50% had various complications. Patients with V. cholerae OI were significantly more dehydrated than other groups (P less than 0.05 by chi 2 test). The patients who died with Shigella were significantly more malnourished and had more frequent associated complications than other non-Shigella diarrhoea patients (P less than 0.01 by chi 2 test). Overall our observations indicate that Shigella and Vibrio cholerae non-OI are associated with unusually high case fatality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Single-cell analysis of gene expression is increasingly important for the analysis of complex tissues, including cancer, developing organs and adult stem cell niches. Here we present a detailed protocol for quantitative gene expression... more
Single-cell analysis of gene expression is increasingly important for the analysis of complex tissues, including cancer, developing organs and adult stem cell niches. Here we present a detailed protocol for quantitative gene expression analysis in single cells, by the sequencing of mRNA 5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; ends. In all, 96 cells are lysed, and their mRNA is converted to cDNA. By using a template-switching mechanism, a bar code and an upstream primer-binding sequence are introduced simultaneously with reverse transcription. All cDNA is pooled and then prepared for 5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; end sequencing, including fragmentation, adapter ligation and PCR amplification. The chief advantage of this approach is the great reduction in cost and time, afforded by the early bar-coding strategy. Compared with previous methods, it is more suitable for large-scale quantitative analysis, as well as for the characterization of transcription start sites, but it is unsuitable for the detection of alternatively spliced transcripts. Sample preparation takes 3 d, and two sets of 96 cells can be prepared in parallel. Finally, the sequencing and data analysis can take an additional 4 d altogether.
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ABSTRACT We study the factorial correlators for 28Si–AgBr collisions at 14.6 A GeV and for UrQMD events in the full range of correlation length (D). A power-law behaviour in the region D &lt; 0.5 is observed. The results obtained for... more
ABSTRACT We study the factorial correlators for 28Si–AgBr collisions at 14.6 A GeV and for UrQMD events in the full range of correlation length (D). A power-law behaviour in the region D &lt; 0.5 is observed. The results obtained for experimental events are compared with those for UrQMD events. The UrQMD model does not explain the power-law behaviour of the factorial correlators. However, our results are in agreement with the α-model, which predicts that the factorial correlators have a power-law increase with decreasing correlation length and have no dependence on the size of the bin width (δX).
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Research Interests: Analytical Chemistry, Food Science, Free Radicals, Mass Spectrometry, Food, and 22 moreFlavonoids, Food Science and Technology, Food Analysis, Romania, Antioxidants, Natural Product, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Antioxidant Activity, Phenols, Plant extracts, Lavandula, Food Sciences, Capsicum, Total Phenolics, Medicinal Plant, Oregano, Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolic Content, Origanum, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Plant Leaves
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The study of diarrhoeal mortality risk has been limited to descriptive epidemiological investigations. This is the first case-control study in this area, and our results show that certain risk factors are predictive of diarrhoeal deaths.... more
The study of diarrhoeal mortality risk has been limited to descriptive epidemiological investigations. This is the first case-control study in this area, and our results show that certain risk factors are predictive of diarrhoeal deaths. We have compared the disease history, associated complications, signs, symptoms and laboratory values of 346 patients who died on the medical wards of Dhaka Hospital and that for 346 matched controls to identify the risk factors for mortality. Patients presenting with oedema, severe dehydration or convulsion were found to have a risk of mortality two times higher than controls. Several laboratory results were compared by a matched pair analysis, demonstrating that hyponatraemia (less than 130 mmol/L), hypobicarbonaemia (less than 20 mmol/L) and raised anion gap (greater than 14.9 mmol/L) were moderately associated with mortality. However, hypoproteinaemia (less than 50 gm/L) was strongly associated. For children less than 10 years of age, both hyper- and hyponatraemia were found to be associated with mortality, and the nutritional status of the children modified the effect of hypernatraemia on diarrhoeal mortality. The strong association between diarrhoeal death and hypoproteinaemia may be due to the effect of the pre-existing malnutrition of these patients and/or their loss of protein during shigella infection. The various risk factors that we have identified could be used as a prognostic guide by physicians treating such patients.