fernando lobo
Universidad Nacional de Salta, Biology, Department Member
Andean orogeny is one of the main factors that promoted the diversification of many groups of animals. Among them are the lizards of the Liolaemidae family and. within this, Liolaemus is the genus with the most described species up to... more
Andean orogeny is one of the main factors that promoted the diversification of many groups of animals. Among them are the lizards of the Liolaemidae family and. within this, Liolaemus is the genus with the most described species up to date, with approximately 277 species. One of the groups within the genus is the Liolaemus ornatus group, distributed in the south of Central Andes mountain chain. In this work, we describe a new species belonging to the L. ornatus group, using an integrative approach, analyzing both morphological (lepidosis, morphometric, coloration and hemipenes characters) and molecular evidence. We made a divergence analysis of the representatives of the L. ornatus group. Furthermore, we correlated the ages of the geological events with the distribution areas for the L. ornatus group. This newly described species shows character states (morphological and molecular) that allow its clear distinction from the other members of the L. ornatus group, as well as from the r...
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Abstract. Liolaemus duellmani is a poorly known, microendemic lizard described from southwestern Mendoza, Argentina, representing the southernmost distribution of the Liolaemus montanus species group. We report the rediscovery of the... more
Abstract. Liolaemus duellmani is a poorly known, microendemic lizard described from southwestern Mendoza, Argentina, representing the southernmost distribution of the Liolaemus montanus species group. We report the rediscovery of the species after 43 years, presenting the fifth voucher specimen and the second female of L. duellmani. Data on external morphology, activity, and color photographs are included, and the geographic coordinates of the type locality are discussed.
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The northernmost distributed group of lizards belonging to Phymaturus occurs in rocky outcrops of the Puna region between 3600-4200 m in Argentina. In a recent phylogenetic study based on morphological and genetic information, the... more
The northernmost distributed group of lizards belonging to Phymaturus occurs in rocky outcrops of the Puna region between 3600-4200 m in Argentina. In a recent phylogenetic study based on morphological and genetic information, the monophyly of this small lineage was corroborated. This group is formed by Phymaturus antofagastensis, P. laurenti, P. denotatus, P. mallimaccii and a population of uncertain taxonomic status until the present study. After obtaining new samples and observations, we described a new species belonging to this lineage that is known only from Sierra de Fiambalá, being the species of Phymaturus living at the highest elevation ever recorded (4500 m). Males have a homogeneous yellow dorsum and lack melanic coloration over their heads, a phenomenon found in males of most species of the palluma group. We provide a detailed diagnosis, including characters from the squamation, coloration and significant differences found among continuous characters (ANOVA). Furthermore...
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VARIACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA EN EL ESQUELETO DE LIOLAEMUS (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE). BÚSQUEDA Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE CARACTERES FERNANDO LOBO & CRISTIAN ABDALA 2 1. Cátedra de Anatomía Comparada (www.unsa.edu.ar/acunsa). Facultad de Cs. Naturales,... more
VARIACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA EN EL ESQUELETO DE LIOLAEMUS (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE). BÚSQUEDA Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE CARACTERES FERNANDO LOBO & CRISTIAN ABDALA 2 1. Cátedra de Anatomía Comparada (www.unsa.edu.ar/acunsa). Facultad de Cs. Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta. Avda. Bolivia 5150, 4.400 Salta, Argentina. E-mail: flobo@unsa.edu.ar. 2. Instituto de Herpetología, Fundación Miguel Lillo. CONICET. Miguel Lillo 251, 4.000 Tucumán, Argentina. E-mail: popper@tucbbs.com.ar RESUMEN. Estudiamos los esqueletos teñidos y transparentados como también secos de veinticuatro especies pertenecientes a los principales clados de Liolaemus (grupos L. kingii L. archeforus, L. lineomaculatus, L. chiliensis, L. signifer, L. boulengeri y L. wiegmannii de acuerdo con la taxonomía de Etheridge, 1995). Pudimos describir variación en la morfología, proporciones y otras carácterísticas que pueden definirse como caracteres. Los caracteres descriptos en este estudio incluyen variación en los cartílagos de las cos...
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Different studies suggest that reproductive characters evolve faster than non-reproductive characters. Males in the order Squamata have paired copulatory organs called hemipenes, with high morphological diversity, including differences in... more
Different studies suggest that reproductive characters evolve faster than non-reproductive characters. Males in the order Squamata have paired copulatory organs called hemipenes, with high morphological diversity, including differences in size, shape, and ornamentation. Some studies in the species-rich lizard genus, Anolis suggest that genital traits evolve faster than the rest of the body. However, these studies were made considering only a few traits, across a wide phylogeny, without considering species relatedness, which may inflate differences in evolutionary rates. Here, we study two phylogenetic distantly related lizard groups, which differ in the number of species, but have similar divergence times. We evaluate as follows: (1) evolutionary rate, models of evolution and phylogenetic signal among the different genital and non-genital traits; (2) which kind of traits (genital and non-genital) are divergent across sister species and (3) whether the species-rich group shows a faster rate of trait change. We studied 24 Liolaemus lizard species, belonging to two monophyletic groups that differ in species number: L. elongatus' clade, which has more species than L. lineomaculatus' clade. We studied 20 different traits (9 genital and 11 non-genital) and calculated their phylogenetic signal, evolutionary rate of change and models that best explain the evolutionary change. Our results show that: (1) in general, genital traits evolve faster than non-genital ones in both groups, and both phylogenetic signal and best evolutionary model vary depending on the trait. (2) Genital traits diverged more among sister species within the L. li-neomaculatus group, but within the L. elongatus group, both sets of traits show similar degrees of divergence. Finally, (3) the species-rich group (L. elongatus), has the highest genital evolutionary rate but also the highest non-genital evolutionary rate.
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Some lizard species modulate the use of a retreat site based on the presence of scents from other individuals, behavior that requires scent recognition. Here, we investigated if two congeneric and syntopic lizards (adults of Liolaemus... more
Some lizard species modulate the use of a retreat site based on the presence of scents from other individuals, behavior that requires scent recognition. Here, we investigated if two congeneric and syntopic lizards (adults of Liolaemus coeruleus and juveniles of L. ceii, which can be found sharing retreat sites in the wild) discriminate scents from each other during the pre-hibernation period. If the presence of heterospecific scents modulates sharing retreat sites, species would discriminate each other's scents. Lizards were individually exposed to four treatments, which were enclosures with scents of (1) from the focal individual (own); (2) a conspecific of the same sex as the focal lizard; (3) a heterospecific of the same sex as the focal lizard; and (4) a control (i.e., enclosure with a clean substrate). Our results suggest that there is no heterospecific recognition. This finding was not due to an inability to chemo-assess scents, since both species exhibited self-recognition (recognition of their own scents) and juveniles of L. ceii also showed conspecific recognition. Although it might be advantageous for species to share retreat sites, chemical recognition of heterospecific scents does not modulate this behavior in these syntopic species. Resumen. Algunas especies de lagartos modulan el uso de un sitio de retiro basados en la presencia de rastros de olores de otros individuos presentes en el sitio, comportamiento que requiere reconocimiento de estos rastros de olores. En este trabajo, investigamos dos lagartos cogenéricos y sintópicos (adultos de Liolaemus coeruleus y juveniles de L. ceii, los cuales pueden ser encontrados en la naturaleza compartiendo sitios de retiro), si discriminan los rastros de olores de cada uno de ellos durante el periodo pre-invernal. Si la presencia de rastros de olores heteroespecíficos modula el compartir sitios de retiro, ambas especies discriminarían los rastros de olores entre sí. Los lagartos fueron expuestos individualmente a cuatro tratamientos, los cuales fueron los recintos con diferentes olores de: (1) propio, del individuo focal; (2) conespecífico del mismo sexo que el lagarto focal; (3) heteroespecífico del mismo sexo que el focal y (4) control, i.e., un recinto con substrato limpio. Nuestros resultados sugieren que no habría presencia de reconocimiento químico heteroespecífico, lo cual, no es consecuencia de una incapacidad para evaluar rastros químicos, puesto que ambas especies exhibieron auto reconocimiento (reconocimiento de sus rastros de olores propios) y los juveniles de L. ceii además exhibieron reconocimiento de sus conespecíficos. A pesar de que estas especies puedan beneficiarse de compartir sitios de refugio, aparentemente, el reconocimiento químico de los rastros de heterospecíficos, no modularía el sitio de refugio compartido por estas especies sintópicas.
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Phymaturus is a clade of lizards that occurs at moderate to high elevations in western Argentina and the adjacent central region of Chile, as well as in various volcanic plateaus of the Patagonian region of Argentina. This genus had... more
Phymaturus is a clade of lizards that occurs at moderate to high elevations in western Argentina and the adjacent central region of Chile, as well as in various volcanic plateaus of the Patagonian region of Argentina. This genus had previously been divided into two groups: the patagonicus and the palluma groups. In this study, we analyzed relationships within the patagonicus group. The data set was built for 23 species plus nine other terminal taxa of undetermined taxonomic status. In total, 10,631 bp (ND4, Cytb, 12S, COI, five protein coding nuclear genes and seven anonymous nuclear loci) and 254 morphological characters were analyzed in a combined data set for 35 ingroup taxa and nine outgroups. We also ran separate DNA sequence and morphological data sets. We identified four main clades, and revealed congruencies and incongruences with previous studies. The indistinctus clade is recovered as the most basal within the patagonicus group in the strict parsimony analysis, while the so-muncurensis clade is the most basal under Bayesian inference. The previously recovered calcogaster clade resulted paraphyletic in both analyses and part of their species are included in a redefined somuncurensis clade. We found low support at basal nodes provoked in part by contradictory evidence shown by rogue taxa. We show the phylo-genetic information given by each partition/marker and how they contribute to relationships found in the total evidence analysis. We discuss the phylogenetic position of Phymaturus manuelae, Phymaturus tenebrosus, and Phymaturus patagonicus.
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In reptiles, many lipid reserve structures were recognized, and different patterns of storage and utilization of lipids have been identified. In this study, a population of Liolaemus koslowskyi was studied to analyze the diversity and... more
In reptiles, many lipid reserve structures were recognized, and different patterns of storage and utilization of lipids have been identified. In this study, a population of Liolaemus koslowskyi was studied to analyze the diversity and functioning of the lipid reserve structures. The specific objectives were to identify the main lipid reserve structures, and to describe their seasonal patterns; to study sexual and seasonal variations of the reserve structures; and to analyze the relation between seasonal patterns of such reserves with the sexual cycle and other biological aspects. Individuals of both sexes collected at five different times of the year were analyzed. The abdominal fat bodies, livers, tails, fat deposits of the lateral folds of the neck, the fat bodies of the axillary region and gonads were weighted. The fat content of livers, tails and neck fat reserves were determined through the extraction in a Soxhlet device. The volume of the ovaries, oviductal oocytes and testicles, and the average surface and thickness of the epididymides were estimated. The abdominal fat bodies and the tail-extracted fats were the main lipid reserves. In general, females showed higher lipid contents, and significant seasonal variations in weight and lipid content in both sex were found, while seasonal variations in the liver fresh weight and liver fat content were found only in males. The axillar and neck fats deposits probably function as auxiliary reserves, and the caudal autotomy did not significantly affect tail fat content. The sexual cycles were synchronic in both sexes.
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The number of species of the genus Phymaturus has increased consistently since 1995, when only 10 species had been described. Over the last two decades, this number has risen to 46. This group of lizards is characterized by a flattened... more
The number of species of the genus Phymaturus has increased consistently since 1995, when only 10 species had been described. Over the last two decades, this number has risen to 46. This group of lizards is characterized by a flattened body and spiny tail; they are viviparous and herbivorous and inhabit rocky regions, using crevices as refuges. For the present study, an integrative taxonomy approach was used with the aim of rigorously assessing the taxonomic status of a population occupying the Auca Mahuida volcanic field. Evidence from genetics, morphology, and biogeography suggests that this population is a separate lineage from all described species. This new species can be distinguished from close relatives by a longitudinal white dorsal line along the midline at the base of the tail. Special emphasis was put on determining if this taxon presented differences from the nearest relatives of the palluma group: P. roigorum and P. tromen. Consistent differences were found. Resumen. El número de especies del género Phymaturus se ha incrementado constantemente desde 1995, cuando sólo diez especies habían sido descriptas. En las últimas dos décadas, este número se incrementó a 46. Este grupo de lagartos se caracteriza por tener un cuerpo ancho y achatado, una cola con espinas, ser herbívoros y vivíparos y habitar regiones rocosas, usando grietas como refugio. Para este trabajo se tomó una perspectiva desde la taxonomía integrativa para poder llegar a una evaluación rigurosa sobre el estatus taxonómico de la población que ocupa el campo volcánico Auca Mahuida. Evidencias genéticas, morfológicas y biogeográficas sugieren que esta población es un linaje separado de todas las especies descriptas hasta el momento. Esta nueva especie se distingue por una línea longitudinal en la línea media dorsal en la base de la cola. Se puso especial énfasis en determinar si este taxón presenta diferencias con los parientes más cercanos del grupo de P. palluma: P. roigorum y P. tromen. Se encontraron diferencias consistentes.
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With 36 species and at least nine potentially independent lineages (not formally described yet) occurring mostly in theAndes and adjacent Patagonia and Puna plateau areas, Phymaturus lizards represent one of the most endemic... more
With 36 species and at least nine potentially independent lineages (not formally described yet) occurring mostly in theAndes and adjacent Patagonia and Puna plateau areas, Phymaturus lizards represent one of the most endemic vertebrategroups of the arid southwestern region of South America. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Phymaturus areinferred using mainly a morphological data set of 206 characters. Also available sequences of mitochondrial DNA for sev-en terminals were added for a total evidence analysis. Most information is included in the discrete characters block; mostcharacters involve color pattern, osteology and squamation. Continuous characters were taken from body proportions,squamation and skeletons. Among morphological data, binary polymorphic characters were analyzed applying the scaledcoding criteria. Continuous characters were entered in the analysis using standardized ranges, a method that allows a sim-ple optimization to estimate distances/costs avoiding...
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In living organisms with sexual reproduction, the presence of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is common. The main explanations for this phenomenon are based on sexual selection or the fecundity advantage hypothesis (natural selection). Here,... more
In living organisms with sexual reproduction, the presence of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is common. The main explanations for this phenomenon are based on sexual selection or the fecundity advantage hypothesis (natural selection). Here, we tested Rensch's rule in species of the viviparous lizard genus Phymaturus; additionally, we tested if there is a pattern of sexual size dimorphism or if it depends upon other morphological traits. We found no evidence for Rensch's rule in these lizards. After testing for multiple or single regime evolutionary models, we found that body size most likely evolved under multi-regime Ornstein-Uhlenbeck evolutionary model; the same was observed for abdomen width in females, a fecundity advantage hypothesis trait. For species with female biased SSD there is a positive relationship between snout-vent length and width of the belly, supporting the fecundity advantage hypothesis. Additionally, the relationship between brood size and brood mass with body size and body mass (respectively) were positive giving strength to the fecundity advantage hypothesis. Finally, our results show males did not show a clear pattern in relation to the sexual selection hypothesis, probably because sexual selection is a complex aspect that involves behavior and color. On the other hand, female body size and reproductive output are related to mean seasonal air temperature and its combination with mean annual air temperature in an evolutionary fashion framework, such as fecundity advantage hypothesis in these lizards.
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The lizard genus Liolaemus includes over 160 species of which almost half are in the chiliensis group. Although some researchers have attempted to define smaller species groups within this large clade, the relationships among the taxa... more
The lizard genus Liolaemus includes over 160 species of which almost half are in the chiliensis group. Although some researchers have attempted to define smaller species groups within this large clade, the relationships among the taxa within the group as a whole remain ...
Phymaturus comprises 44 species mainly distributed along the south-west of South America on both sides of the Andes. In this study we present a phylogenetic analysis of Phymaturus of the palluma group, one of its two large clades,... more
Phymaturus comprises 44 species mainly distributed along the south-west of South America on both sides of the Andes. In this study we present a phylogenetic analysis of Phymaturus of the palluma group, one of its two large clades, including almost all described species. This analysis duplicates the number of in-group taxa compared with previous contributions. We performed a total-evidence analysis, combining molecular and morphological characters: sequencing fragments of cytochome b (cytb), 12S, and ND4, for all terminals; describing 45 new morphological characters; and incorporating all DNA sequences available from GenBank. Separate analyses of morphology and DNA partitions are presented and discussed in detail. Seven subclades are recognized here. We named three new subclades and redefined another, found to be paraphyletic. In order to recognize lineages within the traditional Phymaturus palluma group we proposed to treat it as a natural group, containing within it the ranks of clade, subclade, and lineages, respectively. The palluma group is composed by the vociferator and the bibronii clades. The vociferator clade, composed of Chilean and Argentinean species, would be the most basal in the group. Within the bibronii clade, the roigorum subclade includes the Phymaturus verdugo lineage, whereas the mallimaccii subclade would consist of 13 terminal taxa, for which three Chilean species have been added. In this study, morphological apomorphies are identified for all clades and the evolution of ‘male head melanism’ is discussed.
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The lizard genus Liolaemus includes over 160 species of which almost half are in the chiliensis group. Although some researchers have attempted to define smaller species groups within this large clade, the relationships among the taxa... more
The lizard genus Liolaemus includes over 160 species of which almost half are in the chiliensis group. Although some researchers have attempted to define smaller species groups within this large clade, the relationships among the taxa within the group as a whole remain ...
Page 1. Herpetological Natural History, 4(1), 1996, page* 65-68. ©1996 by the International Herpetological Symposium, Inc. POSSIBLE COMMUNAL NESTING IN TWO SPECIES OF LÏOLAEMUS LIZARDS (IGUANIA: TROPIDURIDAE ...
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Page 1. Herpetologica, 56(4), 2000, 507-516 ?) 2000 by The Herpetologists' League, Inc. LIOLAEMUS HELIODERMIS, A NEW LIZARD FROM NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA WITH REMARKS ON THE CONTENT OF THE ELONGATUS GROUP (IGUANIA: TROPIDURIDAE) ...
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We provide a critical review of a recent taxonomic revision of Chilean Liolaemus lizards (Iguania: Liolaemidae) by Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez (2005) and a recent paper (PincheiraDonoso et al. 2008), which proposed several new taxonomic... more
We provide a critical review of a recent taxonomic revision of Chilean Liolaemus lizards (Iguania: Liolaemidae) by Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez (2005) and a recent paper (PincheiraDonoso et al. 2008), which proposed several new taxonomic and phylogenetic arrangements. We document fundamental problems with many of the proposed taxonomic revisions in both publications, which if followed, could lead to serious taxonomic confusion. In Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez (2005) a subgeneric classification is erected, which was produced by outdated methods (phenetic analyses), cannot be replicated (no matrix is presented), and is taxonomically untenable (some of the subgenera are nested within other subgenera). Most of the taxonomic groups that are proposed have been previously proposed, albeit differently constituted, yet often previous research is not given attribution; when findings are different, the research of others is either overlooked or dismissed without comment. The diagnoses of species and subspecies (including several newly proposed taxa) are often written in an authoritative manner (without supporting data or information), making them insufficient for distinguishing the focal taxon from others belonging to the same group, finally leading to uncertainty regarding the validity of several of the newly proposed taxa, combinations, or synonymies. We also describe less egregious errors of omission and commission. In Pincheira-Donoso et al. (2008), most of the proposals follow the Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez (2005) revisions, some species are allocated to groups without consistent cladistic support and other proposed relationships are based on incomplete evidence from other studies dismissing the limitations of the arrangement. Critical species are not identified in a list of material examined. Finally, Pincheira-Donoso et al. (2008) present a somewhat outdated and biased discussion of the relative value of using molecules or morphology in systematics. In light of these limitations, and in an effort to stabilize and prevent further taxonomic confusion, we provide an updated phylogenetic classification of the currently recognized lizards of the family Liolaemidae (Ctenoblepharys, Liolaemus, and Phymaturus), which is based on a consensus of studies published since the first phylogenetic major revision of the clade in 1995.
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Research Interests: Genetics, Applied Mathematics, Evolutionary Computation, Genetic Algorithms, Genetic Algorithm, and 12 moreProbability, Genetic Engineering, Computational Optimization, Stochastic Optimization, Search Algorithm, Evolutionary Computing, Context Modeling, Search Space, Numerical Analysis and Computational Mathematics, Model Building, Probabilistic Model, and Probability Distribution
This paper proposes a more comprehensive evaluation methodology to measure the usability and user experience qualities of accessible synchronous computer-mediated communication applications. The methodology goes beyond current practices... more
This paper proposes a more comprehensive evaluation methodology to measure the usability and user experience qualities of accessible synchronous computer-mediated communication applications. The methodology goes beyond current practices by evaluating how the interaction between a user and a product influences the user experience of those at the other endpoint of the communication channel. A major contribution is given with the proposal of a user test where one of the participants tries to guess whether the other participant has a disability or not. The proposed test is inspired in the Turing Test, and is a consequence of user requirements elicited from a group of individuals with motor and speech disabilities. These ideas are tested and validated with two examples of synchronous communication applications.
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ABSTRACT We provide descriptions for two new cryptic species belonging to the Liolaemus alticolor group from northern Argentina and northeastern Chile. The new species were previously considered conspecific with either Liolaemus walkeri... more
ABSTRACT We provide descriptions for two new cryptic species belonging to the Liolaemus alticolor group from northern Argentina and northeastern Chile. The new species were previously considered conspecific with either Liolaemus walkeri in northeastern Chile or L. alticolor in northwestern Argentina and adjacent Chile. However, the new species differ from these taxa, and all other members of the alticolor group, in a number of characteristics. Liolaemus chaltin n. sp. differs from L. alticolor from the type locality (Tiahuanaco, Bolivia) in the following ways: this new species has a larger body size; a fragmented vertebral stripe; and a pigmented subocular (white in L. alticolor), and is one of just three members of the alticolor group that is oviparous. Liolaemus puna n. sp. differs from all other members of the alticolor group in that male L. puna lack paravertebral markings and dorsolateral and vertebral stripes. Females, however, are similar to other members of the alticolor group but can be distinguished from them by several meristic characters. Liolaemus puna is widely distributed throughout the high-elevation (3680–4400 m) Puna regions (a flat or gently sloping steppe dominated by perennial bunch grasses and small shrubs) in northwestern Argentina and northeastern Chile. Liolaemus chaltin is known only from the Puna of central Jujuy Province, Argentina (3400–3750 m). Based on examina-tions of the type series of L. alticolor and L. walkeri, we determined that virtually all northern Chilean populations of Liolaemus previously considered to belong to either of these two species should be assigned to L. puna. Thus, the range of L. alticolor is restricted to Bolivia and southern Perú , and the range of L. walkeri is restricted to central and southern Andean Perú. Liolaemus chaltin is oviparous, and L. puna is viviparous, and because both are morphologically similar to L. alticolor, some inves-tigators have suggested that some populations of L. alticolor may be reproductive bimodal. Our studies, however, indicate that these populations represent sympatric populations of the cryptic species described herein. A diagnostic key is provided for the currently recognized members of the alticolor group. En este trabajo presentamos la descripció n de dos nuevas especies pertenecientes al grupo Liolaemus alticolor del norte de Argentina y nordeste de Chile. Las nuevas especies fueron consideradas previamente como conespecíficas con Liolaemus wal-keri en el noreste de Chile, o L. alticolor en el noroeste de Argentina y areas limi-tantes de Chile. En efecto, las nuevas especies difieren de estos taxa y de todos los otros miembros del grupo alticolor en varios caracteres morfoló gicos y bioló gicos. Liolaemus chaltin n. sp. difiere de L. alticolor de la localidad tipo (Tiahuanaco, Bo-livia) de la siguiente forma: es de mayor tamaño, la línea vertebral fragmentada, la subocular pigmentada, y es uno de los tres miembros del grupo que es ovíparo. Liolaemus puna n. sp. difiere de todos los otros miembros del grupo alticolor en que los machos de esta especie carecen de bandas dorsolaterales, manchas paraverte-brales, y de linea vertebral. Las hembras son similares a las de las restantes especies del grupo aunque pueden diferenciarse mediante diferentes caracteres meristicos. Liolaemus puna está ampliamente distribuido en las regiones de considerable ele-vació n (3680–4400) de la Puna (una estepa carente de arboles y caracterizada por la presencia de pastizales perennes y pequeños arbustos) en el norte de Argentina y noreste de Chile. Liolaemus chaltin es conocido solamente en la Puna de la región central y norte de la provincia de Jujuy, Argentina (3400–3750 m). Basados en el estudio de las series tipo de L. alticolor y L. walkeri, hemos determinado que casi todas las poblaciones del norte de Chile de Liolaemus previamente consideradas como una u otra de esas dos especies deberían ser asignadas a L. puna. De este modo el rango de L. alticolor se limita a Bolivia y sur del Perú, y el rango de L. walkeri esta limitado a los Andes del sur y centro de Perú. Liolaemus chaltin es
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This paper describes the application of a real coded genetic algorithm (GA) to align two or more 2-D images by means of image registration. The proposed search strategy is a transformation parameters-based approach involving the affine... more
This paper describes the application of a real coded genetic algorithm (GA) to align two or more 2-D images by means of image registration. The proposed search strategy is a transformation parameters-based approach involving the affine transform. The real coded GA uses Simulated Binary Crossover (SBX), a parent-centric recombination operator that has shown to deliver a good performance in many optimization problems in the continuous domain. In addition, we propose a new technique for matching points between a warped and static images by using a randomized ordering when visiting the points during the matching procedure. This new technique makes the evaluation of the objective function somewhat noisy, but GAs and other population-based search algorithms have been shown to cope well with noisy fitness evaluations. The results obtained are competitive to those obtained by state-of-the-art classical methods in image registration, confirming the usefulness of the proposed noisy objective function and the suitability of SBX as a recombination operator for this type of problem.
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Due to increasing population, and human activities on land to meet various de-mands, land uses are being continuously changed without a clear and logical planning with any attention to their long term environmental impacts. Thus affecting... more
Due to increasing population, and human activities on land to meet various de-mands, land uses are being continuously changed without a clear and logical planning with any attention to their long term environmental impacts. Thus affecting the nat-ural balance of the ...
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Compressed Introns in a Linkage Learning Genetic Algorithm ... Fernando G. Lobo Kalyanmoy Deb David E. Goldberg Georges R. Harik Liwei Wang ... Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory Department of General Engineering University of... more
Compressed Introns in a Linkage Learning Genetic Algorithm ... Fernando G. Lobo Kalyanmoy Deb David E. Goldberg Georges R. Harik Liwei Wang ... Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory Department of General Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 117 ...
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ABSTRACT This report provides documentation for version 1.1 of the extended compact genetic algo- rithm (ECGA). Version 1.1 uses Mersenne Twister for the pseudo random number generator and is compliant with GCC 3.4 and 4 series.
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... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo IlliGAL Report No. ... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory 104 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Phone/FAX: (217)... more
... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo IlliGAL Report No. ... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory 104 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Phone/FAX: (217) 333-2346, (217) 244-5705 ...
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This paper presents an overview of the parameter-less genetic algorithm and shows its application to a network expansion prob-lem. The technique simplifies genetic algo-rithm operation by incorporating knowledge of parameter selection and... more
This paper presents an overview of the parameter-less genetic algorithm and shows its application to a network expansion prob-lem. The technique simplifies genetic algo-rithm operation by incorporating knowledge of parameter selection and population sizing theory in the genetic algorithm itself.
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Text-to-speech technology has been broadly used to help people with voice disabilities to overcome their difficulties. With text-to-speech, a person types at a keyboard, the text is synthesized, and the sound comes out through the... more
Text-to-speech technology has been broadly used to help people with voice disabilities to overcome their difficulties. With text-to-speech, a person types at a keyboard, the text is synthesized, and the sound comes out through the computer speakers. In recent years, Voice over IP (VoIP) applications have become very popular and have been used by people worldwide. These applications allow people to talk for free over the Internet and also to make traditional calls through the Public-Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) at a small fraction of the cost offered by traditional phone companies. We have created a system, called EasyVoice, which integrates speech synthesizers with VoIP applications. The result allows a person with motor impairments and voice disabilities to talk with another person located anywhere in the world. The benefits in this case are much stronger than the ones obtained by non-disabled people using VoIP applications. People with motor impairments sometimes can hardly u...
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The Simple Genetic Algorithm, the Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm, the Extended Compact Genetic Algorithm, and the Hierarchical Bayesian Optimization Algorithm are all well known Evolutionary Algorithms. In this report we... more
The Simple Genetic Algorithm, the Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm, the Extended Compact Genetic Algorithm, and the Hierarchical Bayesian Optimization Algorithm are all well known Evolutionary Algorithms. In this report we present a Java implementation of these four algorithms with detailed instructions on how to use each of them to solve a given set of optimization problems. Additionally, it is explained how to implement and integrate new problems within the provided set. The source and binary files of the Java implementations are available for free download at https://github.com/JoseCPereira/2015EvolutionaryAlgorithmsJava.
It has been shown in the past that a multistart hillclimbing strategy compares favourably to a standard genetic algorithm with respect to solving instances of the multimodal problem generator. We extend that work and verify if the... more
It has been shown in the past that a multistart hillclimbing strategy compares favourably to a standard genetic algorithm with respect to solving instances of the multimodal problem generator. We extend that work and verify if the utilization of diversity preservation techniques in the genetic algorithm changes the outcome of the comparison. We do so under two scenarios: (1) when the goal is to find the global optimum, (2) when the goal is to find all optima. A mathematical analysis is performed for the multistart hillclimbing algorithm and a through empirical study is conducted for solving instances of the multimodal problem generator with increasing number of optima, both with the hillclimbing strategy as well as with genetic algorithms with niching. Although niching improves the performance of the genetic algorithm, it is still inferior to the multistart hillclimbing strategy on this class of problems. An idealized niching strategy is also presented and it is argued that its perf...
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The Parameter-less Genetic Algorithm was first presented by Harik and Lobo in 1999 as an alternative to the usual trial-and-error method of finding, for each given problem, an acceptable set-up of the parameter values of the genetic... more
The Parameter-less Genetic Algorithm was first presented by Harik and Lobo in 1999 as an alternative to the usual trial-and-error method of finding, for each given problem, an acceptable set-up of the parameter values of the genetic algorithm. Since then, the same strategy has been successfully applied to create parameter-less versions of other population-based search algorithms such as the Extended Compact Genetic Algorithm and the Hierarchical Bayesian Optimization Algorithm. This report describes a Java implementation, Parameter-less Evolutionary Algorithm (P-EAJava), that integrates several parameter-less evolutionary algorithms into a single platform. Along with a brief description of P-EAJava, we also provide detailed instructions on how to use it, how to implement new problems, and how to generate new parameter-less versions of evolutionary algorithms. At present time, P-EAJava already includes parameter-less versions of the Simple Genetic Algorithm, the Extended Compact Gene...
This paper gives a theoretical and empirical analysis of the time complexity of genetic algo- rithms (GAs) on problems with exponentially scaled building blocks. It is important to study GA performance on this type of problems be- cause... more
This paper gives a theoretical and empirical analysis of the time complexity of genetic algo- rithms (GAs) on problems with exponentially scaled building blocks. It is important to study GA performance on this type of problems be- cause one of the diculties that GAs are gener- ally faced with is due to the low scaling or low salience of some
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ABSTRACT This summer I found a beautiful paper titled The Equilibrium Genetic Algorithm and the Role of Crossover [1]. It's from Nov/1993 and is authored by Ari Juels, Shumeet Baluja, and Alistair Sinclair. To my best knowledge,... more
ABSTRACT This summer I found a beautiful paper titled The Equilibrium Genetic Algorithm and the Role of Crossover [1]. It's from Nov/1993 and is authored by Ari Juels, Shumeet Baluja, and Alistair Sinclair. To my best knowledge, this paper describes the first evolutionary algorithm that explicitly replaces the population by a probability vector. While reading the paper, one can recognize that the main goal of the authors is to come up with an abstraction of the basic genetic algorithm in order to better analyze it from a mathematical perspective. To that end, they develop the Equilibrium Genetic Algorithm (EGA), and, as a byproduct, are able to show that some of the mechanisms present in standard genetic algorithms are likely to be, in certain cases, unnecessarily complex.
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Future land use configurations provide valuable knowledge for policy makers and economic agents, especially under expected environmental changes such as decreasing rainfall or increasing temperatures, or scenarios of policy guidance such... more
Future land use configurations provide valuable knowledge for policy makers and economic agents, especially under expected environmental changes such as decreasing rainfall or increasing temperatures, or scenarios of policy guidance such as carbon sequestration enforcement. In this paper, modelling land use change is designed as an optimization problem in which landscapes (land uses) are generated through the use of genetic
Research Interests: Landscape Ecology, Genetics, Climate Change, Carbon Sequestration, Environmental Change, and 15 moreGenetic Algorithm, Natural Selection, Land Use Change, Land Use Planning, Evapotranspiration, Land Use, Evolutionary Algorithm, Landscape Pattern, Landscape Structure, Evolution Strategy, Economic Value, Indexation, Multiple Objectives, Dynamic System, and Objective function
This paper describes ongoing research that is being conducted at the University of Algarve involving the design and utilization of information and communication technologies for special needed people. We present a virtual keyboard project... more
This paper describes ongoing research that is being conducted at the University of Algarve involving the design and utilization of information and communication technologies for special needed people. We present a virtual keyboard project that interfaces with a text-to-speech synthesizer. The virtual keyboard contains a built-in dictionary and a simple algorithm that allows people with disabilities to write much faster
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Page 1. From Mating Pool Distributions to Model Overfitting Claudio F. Lima DEEI-FCT University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas 8005-139, Faro, Portugal clima.research@gmail.com Fernando G. Lobo DEEI-FCT University ...
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Abstract. This paper studies the utility of using substructural neigh-borhoods for local search in the Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA). The probabilistic model of BOA, which automatically identifies impor-tant problem substructures,... more
Abstract. This paper studies the utility of using substructural neigh-borhoods for local search in the Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA). The probabilistic model of BOA, which automatically identifies impor-tant problem substructures, is used to define the structure of the neigh- ...
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One of the main difficulties of applying an evolutionary algorithm (or, as a matter of fact, any heuristic method) to a given problem is to decide on an appropriate set of parameter values. Typically these are specified before the... more
One of the main difficulties of applying an evolutionary algorithm (or, as a matter of fact, any heuristic method) to a given problem is to decide on an appropriate set of parameter values. Typically these are specified before the algorithm is run and include population size, selection rate, ...
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Research Interests: Genetics, Applied Mathematics, Genetic Algorithms, Genetic Algorithm, Computational Optimization, and 8 moreStochastic Optimization, Search Algorithm, Evolutionary Computing, Search Space, Numerical Analysis and Computational Mathematics, Model Building, Probabilistic Model, and Probability Distribution
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Summary. For a long time, genetic algorithms (GAs) were not very successful in automatically identifying and exchanging structures consisting of several correlated genes. This problem, referred in the literature as the linkage-learning... more
Summary. For a long time, genetic algorithms (GAs) were not very successful in automatically identifying and exchanging structures consisting of several correlated genes. This problem, referred in the literature as the linkage-learning problem, has been the subject of extensive ...
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Page 1. Influence of Selection and Replacement Strategies on Linkage Learning in BOA Claudio F. Lima, Martin Pelikan, David E. Goldberg, Fernando G. Lobo, Kumara Sastry, and Mark Hauschild AbstractThe Bayesian optimization ...
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Page 1. Adaptive Population Sizing Schemes in Genetic Algorithms Fernando G. Lobo1,2 and Cláudio F. Lima1 1 UAlg Informatics Lab,DEEI-FCT, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-117 Faro, Portugal 2 Also ...
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ABSTRACT Educational games are a beneflcial activity motivating a large number of students in our society. Unfortunately, dis- abled people have reduced opportunities when using a com- puter game. We have created a new Sudoku game for... more
ABSTRACT Educational games are a beneflcial activity motivating a large number of students in our society. Unfortunately, dis- abled people have reduced opportunities when using a com- puter game. We have created a new Sudoku game for people whose motion is impaired, called Sudoku Access. This spe- cial interface allows the control of the game either by voice or by a single switch. We conducted a user study of the Sudoku Access that shows that people can play the game quickly and accurately. With this special Sudoku puzzle we can help more people to get involved in computer games and contribute to develop logic thinking and concentration in students. Our research aims at building enabling tech- nologies that increase individuals' functional independence in a game environment.
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ABSTRACT The Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) uses Bayesian networks to learn linkages between the decision variables of an optimization problem. This chapter studies the influence of different selection and replacement methods on... more
ABSTRACT The Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) uses Bayesian networks to learn linkages between the decision variables of an optimization problem. This chapter studies the influence of different selection and replacement methods on the accuracy of linkage learning in BOA. Results on concatenated m-k deceptive trap functions show that the model accuracy depends on a large extent on the choice of selection method and to a lesser extent on the replacement strategy used. Specifically, it is shown that linkage learning in BOA is more accurate with truncation selection than with tournament selection. The choice of replacement strategy is important when tournament selection is used, but it is not relevant when using truncation selection. On the other hand, if performance is our main concern, tournament selection and restricted tournament replacement should be preferred. Additionally, the learning procedure of Bayesian networks in BOA is investigated to clarify the difference observed between tournament and truncation selection in terms of model quality. It is shown that if the metric that scores candidate networks is changed to take into account the nature of tournament selection, the linkage learning accuracy with tournament selection improves dramatically.
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Abstract. This paper presents a local search method for the Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) based on the concepts of substructural neighborhoods and loopy belief propagation. The probabilistic model of BOA, which automatically... more
Abstract. This paper presents a local search method for the Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) based on the concepts of substructural neighborhoods and loopy belief propagation. The probabilistic model of BOA, which automatically identifies important problem ...
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Page 1. Investigating Restricted Tournament Replacement in ECGA for Non-Stationary Environments Claudio F. Lima DEEI-FCT University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas 8005-139, Faro, Portugal clima.research@gmail.com Carlos Fernandes1,2... more
Page 1. Investigating Restricted Tournament Replacement in ECGA for Non-Stationary Environments Claudio F. Lima DEEI-FCT University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas 8005-139, Faro, Portugal clima.research@gmail.com Carlos Fernandes1,2 1LaSEEB Technical Univ. ...
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Page 1. 530 Massive parallelization of the compact genetic algorithm Fernando G. Lobo, Claudio F. Lima, Hugo Martires DEEI-FCT, Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8000-062 Faro, Portugal E-mail: {flobo,clima}@ualg.pt,... more
Page 1. 530 Massive parallelization of the compact genetic algorithm Fernando G. Lobo, Claudio F. Lima, Hugo Martires DEEI-FCT, Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8000-062 Faro, Portugal E-mail: {flobo,clima}@ualg.pt, hmartires@myrealbox.com ...
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Summary. The quality of experimental research in Genetic and Evolutionary Com-putation can suffer from experiments that are too small to generalize results. Ex-periments can be too small by not being statistically significant with a given... more
Summary. The quality of experimental research in Genetic and Evolutionary Com-putation can suffer from experiments that are too small to generalize results. Ex-periments can be too small by not being statistically significant with a given set of algorithm parameters, or by not ...
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ABSTRACT This paper describes the development process of EasyWrite, a text-entry method for mobile devices that allows people with hand coordination problems to use small computer devices such as smartphones, tablet PCs, or other... more
ABSTRACT This paper describes the development process of EasyWrite, a text-entry method for mobile devices that allows people with hand coordination problems to use small computer devices such as smartphones, tablet PCs, or other touchscreen machines. This text-entry method aims at improving typing accuracy and reducing frustration of people affected by this motor disability when using small devices. EasyWrite was developed following an iterative and user-centred process. Starting from requirements elicited from observing potential users with mild and moderate motor disabilities and information provided by a literature review, a low-fidelity prototype was built and evaluated. This early prototype was refined throughout several design and evaluation iterations. Its current state is a functional prototype that works on Android phones. The functional prototype usability was evaluated through user tests. The result of this process is a small virtual keyboard for mobile devices that has less and bigger keys as compared to other onscreen keyboards. The concept of EasyWrite is largely based on the notion of scanning group systems, but it allows users to navigate directly through groups and subgroups of characters by tapping on directional keys in order to find the desired character rather than waiting for a visual cursor to advance through the options, one at a time, at a specific time rate. Though at its current stage the method proposed by EasyWrite shows some limitations, it appears to be appropriate for users with moderate motor disabilities. For this group of people, user test results indicate that EasyWrite could be a more adequate text-entry method than the one provided by standard keyboards, both physical and onscreen, commonly found in mobile devices.
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The role of FAS polymorphisms in prostate cancer has not been studied. Using the PCR-based restriction fragment-length polymorphism methodology, we evaluated FAS gene locus -670 genotypes in DNA from 904 men: 657 prostate cancer patients... more
The role of FAS polymorphisms in prostate cancer has not been studied. Using the PCR-based restriction fragment-length polymorphism methodology, we evaluated FAS gene locus -670 genotypes in DNA from 904 men: 657 prostate cancer patients and 247 healthy controls. We found that carriers of AG or GG genotypes have a statistically significant protection (odds ratio (OR)=0.30; confidence interval (CI): 0.20-0.44 and OR=0.22; CI: 0.12-0.74, respectively) for disease with extra-capsular invasion. Taken together, a 72% protection was found for G allele carriers (OR=0.28; CI: 0.19-0.41). Fas exist as membrane-bound and soluble forms and with opposite roles. They derive from the same gene by alternative splicing. Membrane Fas receptors trigger apoptosis whereas, on the other hand, soluble Fas (sFas) bind to Fas ligand antagonizing Fas-Fas ligand apoptotic pathway. Our results suggest that G allele may reduce sFas levels preventing the apoptotic inhibition caused by the soluble form.
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Proliferative mechanisms involving the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta(1)) ligands are potential alternative pathways for prostate cancer (PC) progression to androgen independence (AI). Thus,... more
Proliferative mechanisms involving the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta(1)) ligands are potential alternative pathways for prostate cancer (PC) progression to androgen independence (AI). Thus, the combined effect of EGF and TGFB1 functional polymorphisms might modulate tumor microenvironment and consequently its development. We studied EGF+61G>A and TGFB1+869T>C functional polymorphisms in 234 patients with PC and 243 healthy individuals. Intermediate- and high-proliferation genetic profile carriers have increased risk for PC (odds ratio (OR)=3.76, P=0.007 and OR=3.98, P=0.004, respectively), when compared with low proliferation individuals. Multivariate analysis showed a significantly lower time to AI in the high proliferation group, compared with the low/intermediate proliferation genetic profile carriers (HR=2.67, P=0.039), after adjustment for age, metastasis and stage. Results suggest that combined analysis of target genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the definition of cancer susceptibility and pharmacogenomic profiles. Combined blockage of key molecules in proliferation signaling pathways could be one of the most promising strategies for androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Research Interests: Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, Polymorphism, Prostate Cancer, Risk assessment, and 15 moreMultivariate Analysis, Humans, Pharmacogenetics, Male, Androgens, Phenotype, Aged, Middle Aged, Epidermal Growth Factor, Odds ratio, Genetic Polymorphism, Cell Proliferation, Growth Factor, Proportional Hazards Models, and Case Control Studies
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Due to increasing population, and human activities on land to meet various de-mands, land uses are being continuously changed without a clear and logical planning with any attention to their long term environmental impacts. Thus affecting... more
Due to increasing population, and human activities on land to meet various de-mands, land uses are being continuously changed without a clear and logical planning with any attention to their long term environmental impacts. Thus affecting the nat-ural balance of the ...
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Abstract The parameter-less genetic algorithm,was introduced,a couple of years ago as a way to simplify,genetic algorithm,operation,by,incorporating,knowledge,of parameter selection and population,sizing theory in the genetic... more
Abstract The parameter-less genetic algorithm,was introduced,a couple of years ago as a way to simplify,genetic algorithm,operation,by,incorporating,knowledge,of parameter selection and population,sizing theory in the genetic algorithm,itself. This paper shows how,that technique,can be used,in practice by applying,it to a network,expansion problem. The existence of the parameter-less genetic algorithm,stresses the fact that some,problems,need more,processing power,than others. Such observation,leads to the development,of a problem,difficulty
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Page 1. 412 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 15, NO. 1, JANUARY 2000 Distribution Network Expansion Planning Under Uncertainty: A Hedging Algorithm in an Evolutionary Approach Pedro MS Carvalho ...
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Research Interests: Information Systems, History, Computational Modeling, Genetic Algorithms, Convergence, and 11 moreGenetic Algorithm, Probability, Genetic Engineering, Population, Computer Simulation, Random Walk, Mathematical Model, Compact Genetic Algorithm, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Probabilistic Model, and Probability Distribution
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Most prostate cancer patients develop resistance to androgen deprivation treatment, resulting in hormone resistance. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) activates several pro-oncogenic intracellular pathways inducing proliferation,... more
Most prostate cancer patients develop resistance to androgen deprivation treatment, resulting in hormone resistance. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) activates several pro-oncogenic intracellular pathways inducing proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenesis in epithelial cells. The EGF-EGF receptor pathway seems to be especially relevant in hormone-resistant prostate cancer stage. A single nucleotide polymorphism G>A in +61 locus of EGF gene has been described, in which A homozygous carriers express significantly less EGF protein compared with G allele carriers. Our purpose was to investigate the potential prognostic and predictive role of EGF functional genetic variant +61 G>A in prostate cancer patients submitted to androgen blockade therapy (ABT). We conducted a case-control study in prostate cancer patients treated with ABT (n = 123) and in healthy controls without evidence of cancer (n = 152). Cumulatively, a follow-up study (median follow-up, 37 months) was undertaken to evaluate response to ABT therapy in prostate cancer patients. EGF +61…
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This paper presents an overview of the parameter-less genetic algorithm and shows its application to a network expansion prob- lem. The technique simplifies genetic algo- rithm operation by incorporating knowledge of parameter selection... more
This paper presents an overview of the parameter-less genetic algorithm and shows its application to a network expansion prob- lem. The technique simplifies genetic algo- rithm operation by incorporating knowledge of parameter selection and population sizing theory in the genetic algorithm itself.
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... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo IlliGAL Report No. ... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory 104 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Phone/FAX: (217)... more
... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo IlliGAL Report No. ... Martin Pelikan and Fernando Lobo Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory 104 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Phone/FAX: (217) 333-2346, (217) 244-5705 ...
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ABSTRACT This report provides documentation for version 1.1 of the extended compact genetic algo- rithm (ECGA). Version 1.1 uses Mersenne Twister for the pseudo random number generator and is compliant with GCC 3.4 and 4 series.
CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): This report tells you how to download, compile, and run the extended compact genetic algorithm (ECGA) described in Harik's paper (Harik, 1999). It also explains how to modify... more
CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): This report tells you how to download, compile, and run the extended compact genetic algorithm (ECGA) described in Harik's paper (Harik, 1999). It also explains how to modify the objective function that comes with the distribution ...
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Compressed Introns in a Linkage Learning Genetic Algorithm ... Fernando G. Lobo Kalyanmoy Deb David E. Goldberg Georges R. Harik Liwei Wang ... Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory Department of General Engineering University of... more
Compressed Introns in a Linkage Learning Genetic Algorithm ... Fernando G. Lobo Kalyanmoy Deb David E. Goldberg Georges R. Harik Liwei Wang ... Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory Department of General Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 117 ...
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Page 1. Disguised Programming as a Teaching Aid for Students with Special Needs Paulo CM Guerreiro, paulocmguerreiro@gmail.com DEEI-FCT, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000 Faro, Portugal Vítor ...
We address the problem of distribution network expansion planning under uncertainty and present a new methodology capable of dealing with uncertainty in a realistic complex problem. Uncertainty is represented by a set of scenarios. A... more
We address the problem of distribution network expansion planning under uncertainty and present a new methodology capable of dealing with uncertainty in a realistic complex problem. Uncertainty is represented by a set of scenarios. A strategic objective problem is then formulated to fit the availability of reliable first stage information. An evolutionary algorithmic procedure is proposed to find a robust
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Please note that our login procedure has changed to login via email address and password. ... Please register before using the new site for the first time. ... The access procedure for institutional subscribers has not changed. ... Laura... more
Please note that our login procedure has changed to login via email address and password. ... Please register before using the new site for the first time. ... The access procedure for institutional subscribers has not changed. ... Laura E. Vega, Patricio J. Bellagamba, Fernando Lobo ( ...
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... CrossRef. Etheridge, R. 1995. Redescription of Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, 1845, and the taxonomy of Liolaeminae (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae). ... Cited by. M. Florencia Breitman, Luciano J. Avila, Jack W. Sites Jr.,... more
... CrossRef. Etheridge, R. 1995. Redescription of Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, 1845, and the taxonomy of Liolaeminae (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae). ... Cited by. M. Florencia Breitman, Luciano J. Avila, Jack W. Sites Jr., Mariana Morando. ...
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... y escamas cloacales en L. irregularis y el desarrollo diferencial de los poros precloacales en ambas especies, sugieren que el comportamiento de cortejo y social (aún desconocidos en el terreno y laboratorio) asociado a estos... more
... y escamas cloacales en L. irregularis y el desarrollo diferencial de los poros precloacales en ambas especies, sugieren que el comportamiento de cortejo y social (aún desconocidos en el terreno y laboratorio) asociado a estos caracteres probablemente sean también muy ...
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ABSTRACT
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With 36 species and at least nine potentially independent lineages (not formally described yet) occurring mostly in the Andes and adjacent Patagonia and Puna plateau areas, Phymaturus lizards represent one of the most endemic vertebrate... more
With 36 species and at least nine potentially independent lineages (not formally described yet) occurring mostly in the Andes and adjacent Patagonia and Puna plateau areas, Phymaturus lizards represent one of the most endemic vertebrate groups of the arid southwestern region of South America. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Phymaturus are inferred using mainly a morphological data set of 206 characters. Also available sequences of mitochondrial DNA for seven terminals were added for a total evidence analysis. Most information is included in the discrete characters block; most characters involve color pattern, osteology and squamation. Continuous characters were taken from body proportions, squamation and skeletons. Among morphological data, binary polymorphic characters were analyzed applying the scaled coding criteria. Continuous characters were entered in the analysis using standardized ranges, a method that allows a simple optimization to estimate distances/costs avoi...
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ABSTRACT As a result of several field trips and studies of collections of Phymaturus samples from Andean areas of central western Argentina (San Juan province), we discovered two populations that exhibit a particular character combination... more
ABSTRACT As a result of several field trips and studies of collections of Phymaturus samples from Andean areas of central western Argentina (San Juan province), we discovered two populations that exhibit a particular character combination not seen in other species formally recognized in the literature. Based on a detailed analysis of an extended list of morphological characters (93), including scalation, color pattern, gular and nuchal folds, precloacal pores, and morphometric data, we conclude that these populations represent independent lineages that deserve to be considered as new species. According to the most recent revision of the genus and considering the descriptions made in another recent contribution, the taxonomic composition of the genus was increased to 38 species. In this study we provide the formal description of two additional new taxa, including their diagnosis and detailed comparisons with other members of their species group. The two new species belong to the palluma group, and can be assigned to the Puna subclade because they present the typical dorsal "spray" pattern. Other characters described in this study suggest their close phylogenetic relationship with other species of this subclade inhabiting the southern Puna region of Argentina, such as Phymaturus punae. Within the Puna subclade, Phymaturus aguanegra sp. nov. differs from all other members (P. antofagastensis, P. denotatus, P. laurenti, P punae, P extrilidus, P mallimaccii and P paihuanense) exhibiting the following combination of diagnostic characters: a complete melanism over the dorsum of neck, the presence of enlarged scales at the base of tail in males, having strongly keeled tarsal scales, lacking enlarged scales on the anterior margin of the antehumeral fold and centre of chest, females without flank coloration, a vertebral dark gray stripe usually present on the dorsum, females exhibiting a tricolor dorsal pattern, with two types of brown and scattered ferriferous oxide spots, and the absence of a scapular spot. Phymaturus williamsi sp. nov. differs from all other members of the Puna clade because: exhibits an "aggregate" dorsal pattern, unlike the homogeneous spray of most Puna species, lacks enlarged scales on the anterior margin of the antehumeral fold and in the centre of chest, flank coloration in females is absent, females of Phymaturus williamsi sp. nov. lack white transversal stripes on the dorsal pattern, preocular scale in contact with canthal scale in Phymaturus williamsi sp. nov., rostral scale can be divided in Phymaturus williamsi sp. nov. and shows the largest number of scales counted around midbody within the Puna subclade (x= 213.4; 186-235).
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... CrossRef. Etheridge, R. 1995. Redescription of Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, 1845, and the taxonomy of Liolaeminae (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae). ... Cited by. M. Florencia Breitman, Luciano J. Avila, Jack W. Sites Jr.,... more
... CrossRef. Etheridge, R. 1995. Redescription of Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, 1845, and the taxonomy of Liolaeminae (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae). ... Cited by. M. Florencia Breitman, Luciano J. Avila, Jack W. Sites Jr., Mariana Morando. ...
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... Lobo, F. and RE Espinoza. 1999. Two new cryptic species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Tropiduridae) from northwestern Argentina: resolution of the purported reproductive bimodality of Liolaemus alticolor. Copeia 1999:122140. CrossRef, CSA.... more
... Lobo, F. and RE Espinoza. 1999. Two new cryptic species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Tropiduridae) from northwestern Argentina: resolution of the purported reproductive bimodality of Liolaemus alticolor. Copeia 1999:122140. CrossRef, CSA. Lobo, F. and RE Espinoza. 2004. ...
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... 1. (A) Male Phymaturus patagonicus from 40 km west to Dolavon (Chubut province), the restricted type locality. (B) Male Phymaturus spurcus from the type locality (Estancia Huanuluan, Rio Negro Province). ... Cited by. Fernando Lobo 1... more
... 1. (A) Male Phymaturus patagonicus from 40 km west to Dolavon (Chubut province), the restricted type locality. (B) Male Phymaturus spurcus from the type locality (Estancia Huanuluan, Rio Negro Province). ... Cited by. Fernando Lobo 1 , Demian Slodki, and Soledad Valdecantos. ...
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Please note that our login procedure has changed to login via email address and password. ... Please register before using the new site for the first time. ... The access procedure for institutional subscribers has not changed. ... Laura... more
Please note that our login procedure has changed to login via email address and password. ... Please register before using the new site for the first time. ... The access procedure for institutional subscribers has not changed. ... Laura E. Vega, Patricio J. Bellagamba, Fernando Lobo ( ...
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... Research Articles. DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF THE LIOLAEMUS ALTICOLOR GROUP (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE) FROM CUZCO, PERÚ. Fernando Lobo 1, 2 , Sebastián Quinteros 1 , and Juan Manuel Díaz Gómez 1 ... Martínez Oliver, I. and F. Lobo .... more
... Research Articles. DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF THE LIOLAEMUS ALTICOLOR GROUP (IGUANIA: LIOLAEMIDAE) FROM CUZCO, PERÚ. Fernando Lobo 1, 2 , Sebastián Quinteros 1 , and Juan Manuel Díaz Gómez 1 ... Martínez Oliver, I. and F. Lobo . ... Ortiz, JC 1981. ...
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Abstract: Observations of the cranial and postcranial development in Liolaemus quilmes were made. The general pattern of ossification in L. quilmes is similar to that of L. scapularis, but some sequences of ossification differ. In L.... more
Abstract: Observations of the cranial and postcranial development in Liolaemus quilmes were made. The general pattern of ossification in L. quilmes is similar to that of L. scapularis, but some sequences of ossification differ. In L. quilme, ossification of the postcranium ...