Christopher Caletti

Il mio lavoro di tesi si propone di analizzare gli edifici comunemente definiti “speciali e cultuali”, che rappresentano una peculiarità del primo periodo Neolitico, il Neolitico Preceramico, nell’area dell’Alta Mesopotamia e in particolare nel contesto anatolico. L'elaborato si concentrata primariamente sui quei siti caratterizzati da complessi di strutture che presentano connotati ascrivibili alla sfera rituale-sacrale, soffermandosi sul fenomeno dell’emergenza di tratti architettonici comuni in un’area ben delimitata, la attuale provincia di Şanlıurfa. Tali evidenze, la più significativa delle quali sono i cosiddetti “pilastri a ‘T’”, elementi megalitici collocati all’interno di edifici, dai tratti antropomorfici e spesso riportanti rilievi di animali, sono state interpretate nel corso degli anni come reificazioni di una sfera metafisica atavica, emersa a seguito di quella rivoluzione cognitiva, preludio della Rivoluzione neolitica

Il fine dell’elaborato e fornire i dettami del “metodo riflessivo” di Ian Hodder, alla luce della sua applicazione nel moderno scavo di Catalhoyuk, sito dell’Anatolia neolitica. Il suo utilizzo, sintesi di concetti rivoluzionari, come l’interpretazione at the trowel’s edge, la multivocality, l’approccio “empatico”, ha consentito, infatti, di pervenire a nuove conclusioni riguardanti la visione ginecocratica, la questione urbanistica e il culto dei teschi nel Vicino Oriente.

The most famous Pre-pottery Neolithic site of Anatolia, Göbekli Tepe, since 1994 has been the subject of intensive studies due to its peculiar characteristics, linked to the presence of both circular buildings and the so-called anthropomorphic T-shaped pillars. It was supposed that its discovery would have been one of a kind, but in the next few years scholars revealed the existence of similar settlements in the area of Şanlıurfa Province. These sites, still far from being investigated, share with Göbekli Tepe the same archaeological evidences, including chronological features, size and architectural and iconographic traits. The aim of this article is to focus on the new available data, which could lead us to re-discuss the interpretive models valid up to a few years ago, as recent publications point out. New interpretive tools and excavations are required to better understand what seems to be the clue of the presence of a real cultural facies with precise connotations, amongst whic...

The most famous Pre-pottery Neolithic site of Anatolia, Göbekli Tepe, since 1994 has been the subject of intensive studies due to its peculiar characteristics , linked to the presence of both circular buildings and the so-called anthropo-morphic T-shaped pillars. It was supposed that its discovery would have been one of a kind, but in the next few years scholars revealed the existence of similar settlements in the area of Şanlıurfa Province. These sites, still far from being investigated, share with Göbekli Tepe the same archaeological evidences, including chronological features, size and architectural and iconographic traits. The aim of this article is to focus on the new available data, which could lead us to re-discuss the interpretive models valid up to a few years ago, as recent publications point out. New inter-pretive tools and excavations are required to better understand what seems to be the clue of the presence of a real cultural facies with precise connotations, amongst which an high specialized craftmanship, that was able to exploit the best limestone morphology of the territory for the construction of monumental complexes.

Il fine dell’elaborato è fornire i dettami del “metodo riflessivo” di Ian Hodder, alla luce della sua applicazione nel moderno scavo di Çatalhöyük, sito dell’Anatolia neolitica. Il suo utilizzo, sintesi di concetti rivoluzionari, come l’interpretazione at the trowel’s edge, la multivocality, l’approccio “empatico”, ha consentito, infatti, di pervenire a nuove conclusioni riguardanti la visione ginecocratica, la questione urbanistica e il culto dei teschi nel Vicino Oriente.
The aim of this article is to explain Ian Hodder’s “reflexive methods” and their applications in the modern excavation of Çatalhöyük, Neolithic site of Anatolia. By using new research and data broadcast tools, the interpretation “at the trowel’s edge”, multivocality, made by the fieldworkers’ interaction with non-field project specialists and “indigenous” voices, and an “empathetic approach” it’s possible to reach new conclusions about “ginaecocracy”, the controversial city-planning and the cult of skulls in the Near East.