In the User-Agent Policy, we encourage clients to set the Api-User-Agent header when making requests from a browser, where the User-Agent header cannot be set.
At the moment, we are not using this information, we don't even know if people send it, and our own client code doesn't send it.
Sending this header ourselves will allow us to distinguish requests from our own code from requests coming from third parties und user scripts.
Ideally, we'd be able to set this header to a value that doesn't only include the MediaWiki version, but also the component/extension and ideally even the gadget or script that is making the call.