WO2024240937A1 - Transport and storage system for metal coils - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transport and storage system for metal coils for receiving, in particular horizontal, cylindrical sheet metal coils, wherein at least one module (12, 20) is provided which is formed from a stack of corrugated cardboard, wherein the tops (1, 4, 6) of the corrugated cardboard layers are orientated such that they extend substantially perpendicular to a receiving surface (18, 24) of the module (12, 20), wherein the receiving surface (18) of the module (12) extends in a flat or concave or elliptically curved manner and is designed for partial strip-like or full-surface contact with a casing wall (11) of a coil (8).

Description

transport and storage system for metal bundles

The invention relates to a transport system for metal coils, in particular steel sheet coils.

Steel or other metal sheets are usually produced by rolling a slab of the corresponding metal material, which is usually produced by melting and pouring the steel material into the slab shape, into a flat steel sheet strip or metal sheet strip. To do this, a corresponding metal slab passes through a rolling mill with corresponding rolling stands, whereby the thickness of the slab and later of the sheet becomes smaller from stand to stand.

Using sheet steel as an example, this takes place in such a way that the slab, which usually weighs between 20 and 40 t, is first heated up in a pusher furnace to ensure that the slab has a very high temperature that allows deformation. This slab is then first pre-rolled in a reversing roughing stand and, once a target thickness has been reached, is passed through a hot rolling mill with a large number of hot rolling stands while still hot and glowing.

The end result is a hot-rolled strip, the thickness of which can range from a few millimetres up to a few centimetres.

In order to produce a thin sheet from this hot strip, this hot strip is then rolled in a cold rolling mill to the target sheet thickness, whereby the target sheet thickness for thin sheet to be used in the automotive industry, for example, is between 0.3 and 1 mm.

Since the width of these strips is regulated, the change in thickness from the slab to the hot strip to the cold strip makes the continuous sheet metal strip very long, so that at the end of the rolling process, both the hot and cold strip processes, it is wound into so-called bundles or coils. The sheet or cold strip can also be provided with coatings after cold rolling, whereby metallic coatings are usually applied using the hot-dip galvanized process, such as a hot-dip galvanized layer.

For this purpose, these strips are unwound, passed through a galvanizing process and then reeled up again.

Such steel coils can weigh a maximum of the same weight as the slab, but several coils can also be made from one slab, so that the weight of the coiled coil can usually be between 4 t and 40 t. After any coating process, especially a galvanizing process, the weight of the coil can also increase slightly.

In order to move such coils, specialised vehicles are used which can reach through a longitudinal opening corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil with a mandrel, lift the coil and move it. Such a vehicle is known, for example, from WO2016044891. Such coils should therefore preferably be transported in a lying position, as in this case the coil eye can be reached. In a standing position, the coil eye would point towards the sky and such an intervention in the longitudinal axis of the coil would no longer be possible.

During all moving or transport operations, it is of course important that the steel coils are not subjected to pressure at specific points, as this would result in the sheet metal deforming or damage to the metallic coating layer, and it is known that such impressions can extend over several layers into the interior of the coil. These areas can therefore no longer be classified as flawless and in some cases must be discarded.

Such coils can of course be transported by truck, rail or ship. Due to the sensitivity of the coil or sheet metal surface on the one hand and the fact that these coils are very heavy and pose a significant risk when they start moving on the other, it is necessary to transport such coils reliably, safely and carefully. When transporting heavy loads, especially single-piece loads such as steel coils, particular attention must be paid to load distribution, ie point loading or excessive axle loads can be problematic during transport. This must be taken into account in particular in national and international regulations for freight transport.

A number of attempts have already been made to transport coils, particularly in containers.

It should be noted that due to the considerable weight of steel coils, only one to a maximum of two steel coils can be loaded per truck or per container and, particularly in the case of seagoing containers, any movement of the steel coil must be prevented, as a moving steel coil weighing 23 t will permanently destroy any outer packaging.

EP 1 907 309 Bl discloses a storage system in which metal coils are stored in polystyrene blocks, whereby the polystyrene block for receiving the steel coil has a recess that corresponds to the radius of the coil and accommodates a part of the circumference of the coil that is so large that the steel coil cannot easily come out of this block. If there are several coils, a cuboid block is inserted as a spacer between the coils and between the first and last coil and a corresponding container wall. This is intended to fix the coils in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

A comparable storage system is known from IN 20 20 23 00 82 61 Al, which, however, is made of different materials, such as pressed paper.

From AT 522 138 Al, flexibly adapted support beams that reach through the polystyrene blocks as well as a central, continuous polystyrene support beam are known. From DE 10 2017 113 499 Al a transport protection for coils is known, which is made of wood, whereby a thin layer of cardboard can be present between the wood and the coil to prevent impressions in the coil.

JP2022018243 A2 describes a cardboard plug-in system that is intended to be used to transport cylindrical bodies. However, this system is unusable for steel coils because the plug connections are too weak.

EP 1880899 A1 discloses a storage system made of corrugated cardboard, in which a simple, partially cylindrical support is made of upright laminated corrugated cardboard, which is additionally provided with plastic layers. Such an arrangement is neither able to carry steel coils nor to hold them in place.

A comparable system is known from WO091399643 A1, in which a corrugated cardboard is supported by an upright supporting structure, also made of corrugated cardboard, whereby these upright supporting structures are connected by sleeves. Such a design is not able to fulfil its function, it is far too unstable.

JP 2019081614A2 also discloses a plug-in system made of plate-like elements to surround a coil with a rib structure made of corrugated cardboard. Firstly, such a system is not particularly stable, and it is almost impossible to use such a system in confined spaces.

The object of the invention is to create a transport and storage system for metal coils, in particular steel coils, which reliably stores heavy metal coils or can optimally ensure the load distribution in a transport or storage system and can be disposed of easily and without problems.

The problem is solved with a transport and storage system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are identified in the dependent subclaims.

The current state of the art systems have significant disadvantages: on the one hand, the prices for polystyrene blocks have risen considerably, and on the other hand, there are massive problems with disposal or the polystyrene blocks have to be returned, which further increases costs in international maritime trade.

Especially with sustainably produced steel such as greentec steel®, it is also undesirable if sustainably produced steel is delivered using non-sustainably produced transport systems.

Surprisingly, it was discovered that the above requirements can be met with a transport and storage system made of corrugated cardboard.

In this case, however, the corrugated cardboard is not guided to the transported goods with its broad side, as is the usual purpose, but the orientation of the corrugated cardboard is basically chosen so that the end faces, which run transversely to the corrugation, face the transported or stored goods and in this case the coil.

Corrugated cardboard is a cellulose product made from the raw material paper. At least one smooth and one corrugated paper sheet are glued together to make corrugated cardboard; up to 7 are possible and usual in total. The key characteristic of corrugated cardboard is the wave. This gives the light paper its strength by increasing the so-called area moment of inertia. A distinction can be made between different types of waves and wave combinations, which are more suitable depending on the requirements and area of application.

Corrugated cardboard is one of the most common packaging materials and is used primarily for transport packaging, e.g. folding boxes or slip-lid boxes. The advantage of corrugated cardboard is that it is light and stable. Thanks to the paper base material, corrugated cardboard packaging can be easily and completely recycled, but also very often reused. It is now quite common to provide cardboard packaging with so-called heavy-duty corrugated cardboard, which is arranged firmly on a Euro pallet, for example, and can also hold heavy objects such as car parts. Such heavy-duty corrugated cardboard boxes can be folded down to a fraction of their volume using clever folding patterns, recycled and used multiple times.

The wave structure is the most important and decisive feature of corrugated cardboard and gives it particular stability and strength. The structure is such that there is a flat inner layer on which a first wave sheet is arranged, with an intermediate layer on the first wave sheet and on this a second wave sheet and then an outer layer. Such an arrangement creates a so-called two-wave structure, whereby the first wave sheet can have a different wave frequency to the second wave sheet, which further increases stability. The advantage of the corrugation is, on the one hand, the considerable increase in stability that three paper sheets lying on top of each other would not have, in contrast to an arrangement with an inner paper sheet, a wave sheet and an outer paper sheet.

As already explained, this is due to the increase in the area moment of inertia. Since the corrugated sheet is glued to both the inner and outer sheets in the area of the corrugation crests, the corrugated sheet cannot be moved. The cavities created in this way ensure that corrugated cardboard is very light in relation to its volume and also has an insulating effect. In the single-wall corrugated cardboard described above, the outer and inner sheets are glued to the corrugated sheet. For multi-wall corrugated cardboard, an intermediate sheet and another corrugated sheet are added.

Corrugated cardboard is produced in so-called corrugated cardboard plants. Paper webs are guided through corrugating rollers and embossed using heat, moisture and pressure. The shape of the embossed wave resembles a sine wave in cross-section. The types of waves differ in their wave pitch (t) and wave height (h). The distance between two wave supports is the wave pitch (t). The distance between the wave trough and the wave peak is the wave height (h). In the single-wave range, the C-wave (medium wave) and B-wave (fine wave) as well as E-wave (fine or microwave) are among the most commonly used. Wave types. As already mentioned, the different wave types can also be different in the subsequent waves of a multi-wave composite.

In order to give corrugated cardboard greater stability, several layers are glued together. Typical wave combinations in the double-wave range are, for example, BC wave, EB wave or EE wave. For triple-wave corrugated cardboard, ACA, BAA, EBC or BBC are the wave combinations that are frequently used.

However, within the meaning of the invention, any other combination of the known wave types is also possible and intended.

Depending on the demands placed on the shipping packaging, not only the flute combination but also the paper quality for the liner paper and the flute can be selected.

For liner paper, so-called kraftliner or testliner can be used, while for corrugated paper, so-called semi-cellulose or cellulose paper can be used.

Single-wall or double-wall corrugated cardboard is used for shipping lighter shipments. Triple-wall corrugated cardboard offers appropriate protection for heavy and sensitive goods and can be used as an alternative to wooden systems. Especially when exporting, there are a wide variety of climatic conditions that triple-wall cardboard can usually withstand without any problems. Surprisingly, it has been shown that in combination with adhesives, single-wall and especially double-wall corrugated cardboard can prove to be the most suitable solution for the application in terms of the combination of dead weight and load-bearing capacity. Single-wall or double-wall corrugated cardboard can therefore be used advantageously as transport and storage material in the application according to the invention.

The quality of corrugated cardboard is controlled using various testing systems. The DIN 55468 standard was developed based on the standards of the German Association of the Corrugated Cardboard Industry. If corrugated cardboard solutions are to comply with the standard, the burst strength, puncture resistance and edge crush resistance must meet certain values, among other things. In the transport and storage system according to the invention, corrugated cardboard is used, whereby the corrugated cardboard is used perpendicular to the outer web or inner web or intermediate web and is also preferably used in such a way that the wave also runs transversely. In technical jargon, this is referred to as standing corrugated cardboard. This is unusual in that corrugated cardboard is used in accordance with the standard in such a way that the load rests on the inner or outer web.

In addition, the invention provides for the corrugated cardboard to be combined into corrugated cardboard stacks, so that at least a two-wall composite or stack is formed. However, a three-wall composite or stack, in particular more than ten-wall composite and more preferably more than twenty-wall composite can also be used. Surprisingly, however, it has been shown that a single- or two-wall composite can already have sufficiently high stability with a comparatively low weight.

According to the invention, the corrugated cardboard is also glued with adhesives that are not susceptible to fungal attack and in particular with adhesives that do not provide a breeding ground for conventional fungi or other microbes, such as glues, especially white glues, spray adhesives or even hot glue.

In addition, the paper used to make the corrugated cardboard can also be designed to be antifungal.

In addition, an adhesive is preferably used that does not dissolve under the influence of moisture. A 24-hour water bath test can be carried out to test this. In particular, the corrugated cardboard is glued or bonded in a waterproof manner.

In particular, the paper itself can be designed to be moisture-resistant and in particular have a moisture-resistant binding. This may not be necessary if a high-quality kraft liner is used.

Basically, the transport and storage system according to the invention can be used in two variants. In a first variant, the corrugated cardboard forms a two- or three-point support for a coil. To form the two- or three-point support, the transport and storage system is designed from one or more modules.

When forming a module, a triangular cross-section is cut out of a corrugated cardboard block. The mouth of the triangular cutout is directed upwards and is wider than the diameter of a coil.

In a design with several modules, the first modules are designed as triangles and in particular as regular right-angled triangles in which the triangle legs form a right angle between them. The corrugated cardboard is cut in such a way that the base of the triangle corresponds to the cross-section of the corrugations or the corrugation.

These first modules support a coil on the triangular base so that the coil rests linearly on each module. Two modules are arranged opposite each other so that one leg rests on a floor and the other leg runs parallel to a side wall, for example of a container or other transport vessel. The distance between the modules is adjusted if necessary by second modules, which are inserted as flat modules between a container wall and the parallel leg of the module. The different thicknesses of the second modules and thus the distance between the container wall and the parallel leg of the triangle and thus the distance between the first modules and thus the opening for the coil formed by the first two modules can be adjusted.

If necessary, the mutually pointing tips, which consist of the base of the triangle and the leg resting on the ground, can be cut off in order to set an even smaller distance.

In addition, there can be third modules that rest on the floor of a container, span the entire floor and on which the first and second modules stand. These can of course also be made of single or multi-wall corrugated cardboard. If the first modules have capped tips, a fourth module can also be arranged between the capped tips, which runs elongated, for example over the entire length of a coil between the two first modules, and preferably ends flush with the capped edge of the triangular base.

As already described, the bases of the respective first modules can thereby rest linearly on a coil, whereby both modules can extend over the full length of the coil or over a partial length of the coil. In addition, the coil can rest linearly on the fourth module as a third support point, so that the fourth module takes on a supporting function on the one hand and a spacing function on the other hand for the triangular first modules.

Instead of a continuous flat design of the first modules, these modules can also extend over only a part of the length of a coil and, for example, be arranged in alternating succession so that the modules alternate over the length of the coil and also alternately rest on the coil. In this embodiment, a fourth module can also be present, against which the first modules rest, but with non-cut tips the modules can also be arranged so that they interlock.

Preferably, the modules can extend in total over a length of more than 20%, in particular more than 30%, particularly preferably more than 40% of the coil width. Coil width in the sense of the invention is the extension of the coil in the longitudinal axis of the coil eye.

If several coils are stored in a container, spacer elements made of corrugated cardboard can also be arranged on the container front walls, i.e. the rear wall, which extend over the entire or partial width of the container. Such elements can of course also be arranged between the coils and thus also lengthwise between the first, second, third and fourth modules. This also fixes the coils lengthwise in the container.

The attachment areas of the first modules on the coil should be selected so that the coil is held securely and does not move from its position even when the container is moved. changes, this is particularly the case when the contact areas are located at least above a quarter of the height of the lying coil, preferably a third of the height of the lying coil, in particular half the height of the lying coil.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the first modules are designed as blocks, wherein a cylinder sector shell wall is formed in the blocks, which is capable and designed to receive a part of the cylinder shell wall of the coil over its entire surface.

For this purpose, a corresponding section is cut out of, for example, a single cuboid-shaped corrugated cardboard block, in particular with the radius of the coil to be picked up.

The recess created in this way opens upwards.

Basically, the recess in a module can be elliptical instead of being rounded and strictly adapted to the radius of the coil. This creates a gap that opens upwards, but this can be filled with cardboard or anti-slip mats made of reusable rubber, for example. This advantageously allows slightly different coil diameters, particularly deviations of less than 10%, preferably less than 5% of the outer diameter, to be transported with the same module sizes.

In particular, in the case of an elliptical curvature of the support surface, the gap between the support surface and the coil casing wall can be filled with wedge-like fitting pieces or rubber mats which are adapted to the elliptical surface on the one hand and the coil radius on the other.

The depth of the cutout is dimensioned such that a coil is stored in the cutout at least up to a quarter, in particular a third and in particular more than a third up to half of its diameter or more than half of its diameter. In addition, it is also possible that a monolithic corrugated cardboard block does not extend over the entire width of the container and in this respect the second modules described above are used to adjust the distance to the wall.

In a further embodiment, the corrugated cardboard block is not constructed monolithically, but is divided in the middle, so that at least two first modules are formed, each of which accommodates, for example, a quarter circumference or less of a coil.

In a further embodiment, modules of the same shape are manufactured, which, for example, accommodate a quarter of the circumference of a coil or less and are arranged symmetrically opposite each other on both sides of the coil. For example, three modules can be created per side, which in total extend over at least 20%, preferably 40% of the coil width. In this case, a heavy weight of the metal coil can advantageously be held securely and an efficient production method and easy handling are ensured by the one-piece modular construction, i.e. the use of identical or similar modules, which are arranged symmetrically on both sides around the coil.

For a coil diameter of, for example, 800 mm to 1800 mm, such blocks can have a height of 600 mm to 1000 mm on the side that rests against the transport vehicle wall and a height of 15 to 20 mm on the side that holds the coil. The width of the modules can be selected between 1100 mm and 1245 mm, so that they can advantageously be accommodated in a standard container of around 2400 mm to 2500 mm and a gap of 10 mm to 100 mm remains between the modules arranged on both sides of the coil. This can make handling when inserting the modules easier on the one hand and on the other hand it can enable optimal force distribution across the floor of the transport vehicle so that no point load peaks occur. The depth of the modules can vary depending on requirements but can advantageously be selected between 100 mm and 300 mm in order to simplify manipulation and insertion into the transport vehicle and to ensure sufficient stability. In addition, it can be provided to arrange the first modules with a third module already described at a distance from one another, wherein the corresponding partial surfaces for receiving a coil are then coordinated with one another and then in particular amount to less than a quarter of the coil circumference to be received.

Of course, in this case too, additional third modules can be present lying on the ground.

To improve handling, the corrugated cardboard blocks can also be arranged in sections based on the length of a coil, so that over the entire length of a coil (i.e. over the so-called coil width), for example, there are three corresponding first modules per side, i.e. a total of six modules that are opposite each other. Fifth modules can be present between these first modules, which space these first modules apart from each other and fix them in place in the longitudinal direction.

Tests have shown that corrugated cardboard which is loaded in the manner described, namely on the front edges running transversely to the corrugation, develops such a high level of stability that it is not necessary to support the metal coil over its entire surface.

With first modules divided in this way - this also applies to the first embodiment - labor law regulations regarding a maximum weight of blocks or weights to be manipulated manually can be easily complied with. This can advantageously enable manipulation by a single person. As previously described, this can be made possible with a module depth of 100 mm to 300 mm, preferably 150 mm to 250 mm.

In order to further reduce the weight, one embodiment can provide that the modules have chamber-like, hollow areas. Such hollow areas are preferably punched out areas that are located below the actual support surface. There can also be several hollow areas that form a web-like or lattice-like supporting structure between them. This can improve handling even further. In particular, the weight is reduced and thus occupational safety is taken into account. Such a cutout can be particularly advantageous in the upper area of the Module can be designed in the form of carrying handles, this can facilitate handling and save weight.

Since cutting or punching out the corresponding recesses for a coil creates waste, this waste, which ultimately has a pie-shaped shape, can easily be installed and combined with one another to secure the coils in the lengthwise direction. In addition, such sections can also be used to space the first modules apart as fifth modules.

In general, i.e. in all the solutions described so far, it can also be provided that a recess is provided on the upper flank of the modules that rest against the container wall or transport vehicle wall, into which a force distribution element can be inserted to distribute any forces that may occur in the container wall. This force distribution element can be made of wood or corrugated cardboard, for example, and should preferably extend over the entire length of the container, particularly when using several modules per coil side, in order to distribute any fluctuations during transport and the lateral forces that may occur over the entire wall.

Since condensation often occurs in containers, it is advisable to use paper that is moisture-resistant if necessary. The same applies to the adhesive, which is also preferably waterproof.

To further protect the elements, it may be necessary to provide a simple layer of silicone paper or similar moisture-repellent material between the support surfaces of the modules on the one hand and the coil on the other.

The invention is advantageous in that, surprisingly, corrugated cardboard, when it is loaded on its front surfaces contrary to its usual use, has a surprisingly high level of stability, which is sufficient to be used for a transport and storage system. Another advantage here is that a sustainable storage system is used, which can be used multiple times if necessary, but can also be easily recycled at the end of its usage cycle and can therefore be used endlessly. Even a thermal Mixing is possible because it is a renewable raw material.

The invention therefore relates in particular to a transport and storage system for metal coils for receiving, in particular, horizontal, cylindrical metal sheet bundles, wherein at least one module is present which is formed from a stack of corrugated cardboard, wherein the covers of the corrugated cardboard layers are oriented such that they run essentially perpendicular to a receiving surface of the module, characterized in that the receiving surface of the module is flat or concave or elliptically curved and is designed to partially or fully abut a casing wall of a coil.

A further development provides that the module or modules are designed to extend in total over a length of more than 20%, in particular more than 30%, particularly preferably more than 40% of the coil width.

A further development provides for similarly shaped modules to be arranged symmetrically on both sides of the coil, opposite one another, in relation to a vertical plane through the coil's longitudinal axis. This can simplify the manufacture of the modules and reduce the weight used without endangering the stability of the transport.

A further development provides that one or more modules with their support surface and, if necessary, another module form a two- or three-point support for a coil.

A further development provides that the module has a triangular cross-sectional area which is cut out, wherein the mouth of the triangular cutout is directed upwards and is wider than a coil diameter.

A further development provides that at least two modules are formed which are designed as triangles in cross-section and are in particular regular right-angled triangles in which the triangle legs define a right angle between them. A further development provides that the modules are triangular in cross-section and each extend only over a partial length of the coil and are arranged with their base walls offset from one another so that the broad sides lie against one another in some areas.

A further development provides that the tips of the triangular modules are cut off and the opposing triangular modules are thus arranged with vertical surfaces abutting one another.

A further development provides that modules in cross-section are in particular regular, right-angled triangles in which the legs enclose a right angle.

A further development provides that at least one cylindrical body extends through the module and/or adjacent modules, directed from a receiving surface away from an outer surface.

A further development provides that at least one cylindrical body is mounted in a bore in a form-fitting or press-fitting manner

A further development provides that the bore extends radially outwards with respect to the radius of a receiving surface or extends outwards at an angle to the radial.

A further development provides that the cylindrical body is designed as a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder.

A further development provides that the cylindrical body is made of metal, plastic or cardboard.

A further development provides that the cylindrical body extends through the hole and forms a positive fit with the respective surfaces of the module or modules, or in the area of the receiving surface the cylindrical body extends by 1 mm to 100 mm, in particular 2 to 50 mm, preferably 2 to 20 mm set back with a cavity.

A further development provides that the cylindrical body contacts a bottom wall of a container or a supporting beam of an entire transport arrangement. This advantageously allows the force of the coil to be carried to be introduced into the bottom or the supporting beams of the entire transport device.

A further development provides that several holes and several cylindrical bodies distributed around the circumference of the receiving surface penetrate the module or modules.

A further development provides that the receiving surface of the module is flat so that the contact surface corresponds to a strip.

A further development provides that the corrugated cardboard for forming the modules or the stacks of corrugated cardboard or the corrugated cardboard and the stacks formed from it are glued together in a waterproof manner.

A further development provides that the material for the covers of the corrugated cardboard is a kraftliner.

A further development provides for the corrugated webs to be made of semi-cellulose or cellulose paper.

A further development provides for the module to have at least one hollow area. The hollow structure allows the weight to be optimized while still ensuring sufficiently high stability and force absorption.

A further development provides that the module has several hollow areas, which form a web-like or truss-like supporting structure between them. A further development provides that the ceilings and the corrugated layers are glued in a moisture-resistant and, in particular, waterproof manner.

A further development provides that the corrugated cardboard layers are combined to form corrugated cardboard stacks which are glued to one another over the surfaces via the covers, so that a composite or stack with at least two waves, in particular three waves, preferably more than ten waves and more preferably more than twenty waves is formed.

Further training requires that the material forming the corrugated cardboard is treated or bound to be moisture-resistant and/or fungicidal.

A further development provides that two modules are arranged opposite each other, so that one leg stands on a floor and a vertical leg, which has a right angle with the leg, extends away from the floor.

A further development provides that in order to adjust the distance between the modules, in particular to a container wall, narrow cuboid-shaped modules are arranged between the leg and a container wall.

A further development provides that the modules are triangular in cross-section and each extend only over a partial length of the coil and are arranged with their base walls offset from one another so that the broad sides lie against one another in some areas.

A further development provides that the tips of the triangular modules are cut off and the opposing triangular modules are thus arranged with vertical surfaces abutting one another.

A further development provides that the modules in cross-section are in particular regular, right-angled triangles in which the legs enclose a right angle.

A further development provides that the modules are supported directly or indirectly in a container wall with a first flat, upright leg and with a The module rests directly or indirectly on a container floor by means of a leg running at a right angle thereto, the base of the triangular module being designed with a concave or elliptically curved, cylinder-segment-shaped support surface which is designed to rest against a casing wall of a coil, the radius of the concave curved support surface corresponding to the outer radius of a coil or the elliptical curvature deviating by a maximum of 100 mm, in particular a maximum of 50 mm, from the outer radius of a coil.

A further development provides that in the case of an elliptical curvature of the support surface, the gap between the support surface and the coil casing wall is filled with wedge-like fitting pieces or recyclable rubber such as anti-slip mats which are adapted to the elliptical surface on the one hand and the coil radius on the other.

A further development provides that the modules are spaced apart from one another in the region of the longitudinal center of the coil, in particular spaced apart by 1 mm to 100 mm, preferably 5 mm to 50 mm, wherein each support surface supports a partial circumference of the jacket wall of the coil and the height of the modules is selected such that more than a third and in particular more than half of the coil diameter is supported.

A further development provides for pieces cut out of modules to be arranged for load securing and spacing the modules or coils from each other.

A further development provides that a corrugated cardboard module is arranged between a container floor and a leg running parallel to the floor, which preferably extends from one container wall to the opposite container wall.

A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of waterproof bonded corrugated cardboard in transport and storage systems for metal sheet bundles.

A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of corrugated cardboard treated with antifungal or bactericidal properties in transport and storage systems for metal sheet bundles. A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of waterproof and/or anti-fungal adhesives for corrugated cardboard in transport and storage systems for metal bundles

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to the use of silicone paper as an intermediate layer between the modules and a coil to be stored thereon and as a covering of the areas not covered by a coil.

The invention is explained by way of example using a drawing. In the drawing:

Figure 1: the basic structure of a double-wall corrugated cardboard;

Figure 2: a wave with dimensions; Figure 3: a single-wave corrugated cardboard;

Figure 4: a double-wall corrugated cardboard;

Figure 5: a three-wall corrugated cardboard;

Figure 6: a coil in a transport and storage system according to the invention;

Figure 7: cut-out parts for load securing; Figure 8: a transport and storage system with triangular modules;

Figure 9: triangular modules arranged offset from each other;

Figure 10: another embodiment of the triangular modules;

Figure 11: triangular modules with capped tips and inserted longitudinal rails; Figure 12: an embodiment with modules which have cylinder wall cutouts;

Figure 13: the modules according to Figure 12 in a side view;

Figure 14: Modules with hollow, chamber-like areas in the unloaded state;

Figure 15: Modules with reinforcement;

Figure 16: another embodiment of a module with reinforcements.

Figure 1 shows the basic structure of a double-wall corrugated cardboard. A first corrugated sheet 2 extends from an inner cover 1, which is a flat paper layer, and rests with its corrugation tips 3 on the inner cover 1 and is glued to it.

On this corrugated sheet 2 there is an intermediate layer 4, which is also a flat paper surface, on which another corrugated sheet 5 rests, the height of which is lower and the distance (t) between the corrugation tips 3 is also smaller. On this corrugated sheet 5 there is an outer layer 6, which is also a flat paper sheet, glued onto the corrugation tips 3.

The papers used for this purpose are well-known thick and tear-resistant papers, in particular so-called kraftliner paper at least on the outside for additional stability and moisture protection.

The individual panels, such as the inner ceiling 1, the intermediate ceiling 4 and the outer ceiling 6, are waterproof bonded to the corrugated panels 2, 5.

According to the invention, it has been found that pure corn starch adhesives are unsuitable for the inventive application of corrugated cardboard, since they do not withstand the conditions regarding the climate, in particular moisture, and also provide a breeding ground for Fungi can be. If resin is added to the corn starch glue, this can greatly increase the resistance to moisture and fungal attack.

Figure 2 shows a wave path viewed from the front side, showing the wave pitch (t) and the wave height (h). The distance between two cubit peaks is the wave pitch (t), and the distance between a wave trough and the next wave peak is the wave height (h).

In principle, single-, double- or multi-wall corrugated cardboard can be used, since according to the invention stacks are created from several layers of corrugated cardboard that are glued together over the surface.

Typical flute combinations in the double-wall range according to the standard are the BC flute, EB flute or the EE flute. For triple-wall corrugated cardboard, ACA, BAA, EBC or BBC flute combinations are common. However, depending on the requirements, any desired combination of the known flute types K-flute, A-flute, C-flute, B-flute, D-flute, E-flute, F-flute, G-flute and N-flute is possible.

Kraftliner is used as the cover material. Semi-cellulose or kraft paper is chosen for the corrugation, although combinations are possible.

Depending on the climatic conditions, these papers can also be made moisture-resistant or biocidal or fungicidal. In particular, they can be fungicidal.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 basically show the single-wave, double-wave and triple-wave structures.

According to the invention, block-like modules are formed from stacks of corrugated cardboard. Combinations of three-wall, two-wall and single-wall corrugated cardboard are thus possible and desired and in particular the exact width of the individual modules can be determined. The corresponding single-, two- or three-wall cardboards are Ceilings are placed on top of each other and glued together so that, if necessary, in addition to the usual corrugated cardboard bonding in a single, double or triple wall structure, additional corrugated cardboards are glued together over the surface.

The adhesives used for the production of corrugated cardboard can also be used here, and in particular adhesives that are climate-, moisture- and heat-resistant can be used. Mixtures of corn starch, glue with synthetic resins and starch adhesives can be used to bond the individual webs together in a wet-strength manner.

Figure 6 shows a transport and storage system 7. This shows a cylindrical coil 8 which can be seen from the front side 9 and has a central, hollow cylindrical opening 10a around the longitudinal axis 10. This coil 8 has a casing wall 11. Modules 12 are arranged adjacent to the casing wall 11.

The modules 12 are, in particular, regular right-angled triangles with respect to legs 13, 14, in which the legs 13, 14 enclose a right angle.

The modules 12 are supported by a first flat, upright leg 13 on a container wall 15. The module 12 stands on a container floor 16 with a leg 14 running at right angles to this.

In one embodiment (Figures 6, 7), the base 17 of the triangular module 12 is designed with a concavely curved, cylinder-segment-shaped support surface 18, which rests on the casing wall of the coil 8 and is designed to rest preferably over the entire surface on the casing wall 11 of the coil 8. In particular, the radius of the concavely curved support surface corresponds to the outer radius of the coil 8.

These modules 12 are designed to be spaced apart from one another in the region of the longitudinal center 19 of the coil 8, with each support surface 18 supporting a partial circumference of the casing wall 11 of the coil 8 and the height H of the modules 12 being selected such that more than half of the coil diameter is supported. Figure 7 shows the remaining pieces 19 cut out of the modules 12, which are arranged in front of the front side 9 of the coil 8 for load securing and spacing from another coil 8.

Figure 8 shows an embodiment in which triangular modules 20 are used in cross-section, wherein the triangular modules 20 stand on the ground with a leg 21 and extend away from the ground 23 with a vertical leg 22, which has a right angle with the leg 21.

A corresponding coil 8 rests with parts of the casing wall 11 in a strip-like manner on the base wall 24 connecting the legs 21, 22. In order to adjust the distance between the two modules 20, in particular to a container wall 15, narrow cuboid-shaped modules 25 are arranged between the leg 22 and a container wall 15.

This is shown again in a highly schematic manner in Figure 9, where it can be seen that the modules 20 are triangular in cross-section and each extend only over a partial length of the coil 8 and are arranged with their base walls 24 offset from one another, so that broad sides 26 lie against one another in some areas.

Here, too, modules 25 are available to set a side spacing.

In Figure 10, this is also shown again in a highly schematic manner in a perspective view, where it is clear how these modules can be moved against each other in order to set a certain width, coordinated with a coil diameter.

Figure 11 shows a further embodiment in which the tips of the triangular modules 20 are each cut off and the two triangular modules 20 are thus arranged so that their vertical surfaces 27 abut one another. In this case, the modules 20 are aligned with one another in the longitudinal extension of the coil 8 and are not offset from one another. Figure 12 again shows the embodiment similar to Figure 6, although here the modular structure is clearly visible, in which system for supporting the coil in this case four modules are provided.

Figure 13 shows the representation from Figure 12 in a side view.

In Figure 14, the modules 12 are shown in the unloaded state and a cut-out part in the background. These modules are designed with chamber-like, hollow areas 28. Such hollow areas 28 are preferably punched-out areas that are located below the actual support surface. There can also be several hollow areas that form a web-like or lattice-like supporting structure between them. This makes it possible to further reduce the weight without endangering the stability and load-bearing capacity. For this purpose, the punched-out areas can be adapted to follow the outer contour as shown in the left part or can have holes or other circular shapes, as shown in the right part.

Figures 15 and 16 show further embodiments in which further stabilization of the corrugated cardboard takes place.

Figure 15 shows a highly schematic section through a corrugated cardboard module 12 according to the invention. For example, a layer of corrugated cardboard is formed on a receiving surface 18, but this is not necessarily the case. Below the damping layer 29, a hole 30 extends through the module 12. The hole can be directed radially outwards in relation to the radius of the receiving surface 18, 24 or can run outwards at an angle to the radial. The hole 30 runs through the module 12.

A cylindrical or hollow cylindrical body 31, such as a tube or a sleeve, is preferably mounted in the bore.

The body 31 can be made of metal, plastic or cardboard. The body 31 is preferably mounted in the bore 30 in a form-fitting manner or with a slight press fit. The body 31 can extend through the hole 30 and also form a positive fit with the respective surface of the module 12. In the area of the receiving surface 18, 24, the body 31 can also be set back slightly with a cavity 32 from the support surface in order to maintain a safety distance in the event of deformation of the module 12 in order to avoid pressing in a coil 8.

The body 31 can also reach through several modules 12 and, for example, a side spacer module 25 (Figure 16) and thereby connect them and introduce the force into both modules 12, 25 and from there to a bottom wall of a container or a supporting beam of an entire transport arrangement. This can further improve the introduction of the forces of the coil into the bottom of the transport arrangement and ensure an appropriate distribution of the forces, in particular avoiding point loading or excessive axle loads.

In this case, several bores 30 and several bodies 31 can be arranged distributed around the circumference of the receiving surface 18, 24.

In particular, when the body 31 is made of cardboard or as a cardboard sleeve, the advantage is that the transport concept is made of a single and also recyclable material.

In order to achieve even greater protection against the effects of moisture in more extreme climatic conditions, especially in tropical areas, the end surfaces of the corrugated cardboard, which are open due to the corresponding cuts, can also be covered with kraftliner paper or, in extreme cases, with silicone paper or similar water-repellent layers.

The advantage of the invention is that sustainable transport and storage systems are made from a sustainable raw material that have a high load-bearing capacity and protect the stored goods.

Claims

claims 1. Transport and storage system for metal coils for receiving, in particular horizontal, cylindrical metal sheet bundles, wherein at least one module (12, 20) is present which is formed from a stack of corrugated cardboard, wherein the covers (1, 4, 6) of the corrugated cardboard layers are oriented such that they run essentially perpendicular to a receiving surface (18, 24) of the module (12, 20), characterized in that the receiving surface (18) of the module (12) is flat or concave or elliptically curved and is designed to partially or fully abut a casing wall (11) of a coil (8). 2. Transport and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the module (12, 20) or the modules (12, 20) are designed to extend in total over a length of greater than 20%, in particular greater than 30%, particularly preferably greater than 40% of the coil width. 3. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that similarly shaped modules (12, 20) are arranged symmetrically opposite one another on both sides of the coil (8) with respect to a vertical plane through the coil's longitudinal axis. 4. Transport and storage system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one or more modules (20) with their receiving surface (24) and optionally a further module form a two- or three-point support for a coil. 5. Transport and storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that the module (20) has a triangular cross-sectional area which is cut out, the mouth of the triangular cutout being directed upwards and being wider than a coil diameter. 6. Transport and storage system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that at least two modules (20) are designed which are designed as triangles in cross section and are in particular regular right-angled triangles in which the triangle legs define a right angle between them. 7. Transport and storage system according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the modules (12, 20) are triangular in cross-section and each extend only over a partial length of the coil (8) and are arranged with their base walls (24) offset from one another, so that broad sides (26) lie against one another in some areas. 8. Transport and storage system according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the tips of the triangular modules (20) are each capped and the opposing triangular modules (20) are thus arranged with vertical surfaces (27) abutting one another. 9. Transport and storage system according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that modules (12) are in particular uniform, right-angled triangles in cross-section, in which the legs (13, 14) enclose a right angle. 10. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cylindrical body (31) extends through the module (12, 20, 25) and/or adjacent modules (12, 20, 25) directed from a receiving surface (18, 24) away from an outer surface. 11. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cylindrical body (31) is mounted in a bore (30) in a form-fitting or press-fitting manner 12. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bore (30) is arranged in relation to the radius of a receiving surface. before (18, 24) extends radially outwards or extends outwards at an angle to the radial. 13. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylindrical body (31) is solidly cylindrical or hollow-cylindrical. 14. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylindrical body (31) is made of metal, plastic or cardboard. 15. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylindrical body (31) extends continuously through the bore (30) and is in positive contact with the respective surfaces of the module (12, 20) or modules (12, 20), or in the region of the receiving surface (18, 24) the cylindrical body (31) is set back by 1 mm to 100 mm, in particular 2 mm to 50 mm, preferably 2 mm to 20 mm, with a cavity (32) spaced from the receiving surface (18, 24). 16. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylindrical body (31) contacts a bottom wall of a container or a supporting beam or a rail of an entire transport arrangement. 17. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of bores (30) and a plurality of cylindrical bodies (31) distributed around the circumference of the receiving surface (18, 24) pass through the module (12, 20) and/or the modules (12, 20, 25). 18. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard for forming the modules (12, 20) or the Stacks of corrugated cardboard or the corrugated cardboard and the stacks formed from it are waterproofly glued together. 19. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material for the covers (1, 4, 6) of the corrugated cardboard is a kraftliner and/or the corrugated webs (2, 5) are made of semi-cellulose or kraft paper. 20. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the module (12, 20) has at least one hollow, chamber-like region (28). 21. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the module (12, 20) has several hollow regions (28) which form a web-like or lattice-like supporting structure between them. 22. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the covers (1, 4, 6) and the corrugated layers are glued in a moisture-resistant and in particular waterproof manner. 23. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard layers are combined to form corrugated cardboard stacks which are glued to one another over the surfaces via the covers (1, 3, 6), so that a composite or stack with at least two waves, in particular more than three waves, preferably more than ten waves and further preferably more than twenty waves is formed. 24. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the paper material forming the corrugated cardboard is treated or bound to be moisture-resistant and/or fungicidal. 25. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for adjusting the distance between the modules (12, 20), in particular to a container wall (15), narrow cuboid-shaped modules (25) are arranged between the leg (22) and a container wall (15). 26. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (12, 20) are triangular in cross-section and each extend only over a partial length of the coil (8) and are arranged with their base walls (24) offset from one another, so that broad sides (26) lie against one another in some areas. 27. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (12) are in particular uniform, right-angled triangles in cross-section, in which the legs (13, 14) enclose a right angle. 28. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (12) are supported with a first flat, upright leg (13) directly or indirectly in a container wall (15) and with a leg (14) running at a right angle to this, the module (12) stands directly or indirectly on a container floor (16), wherein the base (17) of the triangular module (12) is formed with the concave or elliptically curved, cylinder segment-shaped storage wall (18) which is formed adjacent to a casing wall (11) of a coil, wherein the radius of the concave curved storage wall (18) corresponds to the outer radius of a coil (8) or the elliptical curvature of the storage wall (18) deviates by at most 50 mm, in particular at most 10 mm, from the outer radius of the coil (8). 29. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the case of an elliptical curvature of the support surface (18), the gap between the support surface (18) and the coil casing wall is filled with wedge-like fitting pieces (33) or recyclable rubber, in particular anti-slip mats (33), which are adapted to the elliptical surface on the one hand and the coil radius on the other. 30. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (12) in the region of the longitudinal center (19) of the coil (8) are spaced apart from one another, in particular by 1 mm to 100 mm, preferably 5 mm to 50 mm, each support surface (18) supporting a partial circumference of the casing wall (11) of the coil and the height (H) of the modules (12) is selected such that more than a third and in particular more than half of the coil diameter is supported. 31. Transport and storage system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that pieces (19) cut out of modules (12, 20) are arranged for load securing and spacing the modules (12) or coils (8) from one another. 32. Use of a transport and storage system according to one of the preceding Sayings for rail, truck or sea transport or for storing metal bundles in buildings..