WO2024234639A1 - Power supply backup power system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power supply for communication devices. Provided are a power supply backup power system and method. The power supply backup power system comprises a plurality of high-voltage direct-current buses, a centralized energy storage backup power system and a power distribution system, wherein the plurality of high-voltage direct-current buses are connected to the power distribution system; the power distribution system is used for connecting to a communication device, and the power distribution system is used for distributing the high-voltage direct current transmitted on the plurality of high-voltage direct-current buses to the communication device; the centralized energy storage backup power system is bypassed on the plurality of high-voltage direct-current buses; the plurality of high-voltage direct-current buses are used for charging the centralized energy storage backup power system under a normal power supply condition; and the centralized energy storage backup power system is used for discharging a high-voltage direct-current bus having a power supply abnormality. The power supply backup power system provided in the present application has relatively low redundancy, thereby reducing the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply backup power system.

Description

Power supply backup system and method

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on May 17, 2023, with application number 202310554086.1 and application name “Power Supply Backup System and Method”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of power supply for communication equipment, and in particular to a power supply backup system and method.

Background Art

With the rapid growth of high-performance computing applications such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data mining, centralized computing and storage in data centers are booming. For data security, the power supply system of data centers usually adopts multiple redundancies to improve the reliability of the power supply system.

In practical applications, the power supply system includes an AC (Alternating Current) bus, an HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) bus, a first energy storage backup system, and a second energy storage backup system. The AC bus and the HVDC bus are used to distribute power to communication equipment. The first energy storage backup system is connected to the AC bus and is used for backup power for the AC bus. The second energy storage backup system is connected to the HVDC bus and is used for backup power for the HVDC bus.

The above power supply system adopts a first energy storage backup system and a second energy storage backup system with different structures to realize AC bus backup power and HVDC bus backup power dual backup power. The power supply system has high redundancy, which makes the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply system high.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a power supply backup system and method to solve the technical problems in the prior art. The specific technical solution is as follows:

In a first aspect, the present application provides a power supply and backup system, comprising a plurality of high-voltage DC busbars, a centralized energy storage and backup system, and a power distribution system, wherein the plurality of high-voltage DC busbars are connected to the power distribution system, the power distribution system is used to be connected to a communication device, and the power distribution system is used to distribute the high-voltage DC power transmitted on the plurality of high-voltage DC busbars to the communication device;

The centralized energy storage backup power system is bypassed on multiple high-voltage DC busbars. The multiple high-voltage DC busbars are used to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system when the power supply is normal, and the centralized energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply.

In some embodiments of the present application, the centralized energy storage backup power system includes a plurality of bidirectional DC converters and a first energy storage module connected to the plurality of bidirectional DC converters, wherein the plurality of bidirectional DC converters are respectively connected to a plurality of high-voltage DC busbars;

The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the first energy storage module through the bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the first energy storage module is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply through the bidirectional DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the communication device includes multiple power supply units, the power supply units include multiple interface circuits arranged in parallel, and the multiple interface circuits are used to be respectively connected to multiple high-voltage DC bus bars through a power distribution system.

In some embodiments of the present application, the power supply unit includes a plurality of DC converters arranged in parallel, and a plurality of interface circuits are connected in parallel to the input end of the DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the communication equipment includes a distributed energy storage backup power system, which is connected to the power distribution system. The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the power distribution system when the power supply is normal. The distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the power distribution system when the power supply of any high-voltage DC bus is abnormal.

In some embodiments of the present application, the distributed energy storage backup power system includes a plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2 and a second energy storage module connected to the plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2, and the plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2 are connected to the power distribution system;

The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the second energy storage module through the power distribution system and the second bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the second energy storage module is used to discharge to the power distribution system through the second bidirectional DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first energy storage module includes a first high-voltage battery matrix, the first high-voltage battery matrix includes multiple first high-voltage batteries, and the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the first high-voltage battery matrix through a bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the first high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply through a bidirectional DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first energy storage module further includes a first battery management system, and the first battery management system is used to manage the first high-voltage battery matrix.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first energy storage module further includes a first inspection unit, which is used to inspect whether each first high-voltage battery in the first high-voltage battery matrix is faulty.

In some embodiments of the present application, bidirectional DC converter 1 includes bidirectional isolated DC converter 1.

In some embodiments of the present application, an equivalent diode circuit is provided on the interface circuit, the anode of the equivalent diode circuit is used to be connected to the high-voltage DC bus through the power distribution system, and the cathode of the equivalent diode circuit is connected to the input end of the DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the multiple high-voltage DC busses include a first high-voltage DC bus and a second high-voltage DC bus, the power distribution system includes a first distributor connected to the first high-voltage DC bus and a second distributor connected to the second high-voltage DC bus, and the power supply unit is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first distributor includes any one of a first power distribution unit, a first current connector, and a first bus, and the second distributor includes any one of a second power distribution unit, a second current connector, and a second bus.

In some embodiments of the present application, a first DC train head cabinet and a second DC train head cabinet are also included, the first high-voltage DC bus is connected to the first DC train head cabinet, the first DC train head cabinet is connected to the first distributor, the second high-voltage DC bus is connected to the second DC train head cabinet, and the second DC train head cabinet is connected to the second distributor.

In some embodiments of the present application, the communication equipment includes multiple distributed energy storage backup power systems, each distributed energy storage backup power system is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor, the distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the first distributor when the power supply of the first high-voltage DC bus is abnormal, and the distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the second distributor when the power supply of the second high-voltage DC bus is abnormal.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second energy storage module includes a second high-voltage battery matrix, the second high-voltage battery matrix includes multiple second high-voltage batteries, and the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the second high-voltage battery matrix through a second bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the second high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge to a power distribution system through a second bidirectional DC converter.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second energy storage module further includes a second battery management system, and the second battery management system is used to manage the second high-voltage battery matrix.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second energy storage module further includes a second inspection unit, which is used to inspect whether each second high-voltage battery in the second high-voltage battery matrix is faulty.

In some embodiments of the present application, the bidirectional DC converter 2 includes a bidirectional isolated DC converter 2.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of centralized energy storage and backup power systems is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of high-voltage DC busbars, and each centralized energy storage and backup power system is bypassed on multiple high-voltage DC busbars.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a power supply backup method, which is applied to any of the power supply backup methods described above. The power system and power supply backup methods include:

When multiple high-voltage DC busbars are powered normally, the centralized energy storage backup power system is controlled to be in a charging state, wherein when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging state, multiple high-voltage DC busbars with normal power supply charge the centralized energy storage backup power system;

In the event of an abnormal power supply from any high-voltage DC bus, the centralized energy storage backup power system is controlled to be in a charging and discharging state, wherein when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in the charging and discharging state, the centralized energy storage backup power system discharges to the high-voltage DC bus with the abnormal power supply.

The power supply backup system provided in the present application can realize the backup power of multiple high-voltage DC busbars through a single centralized energy storage backup system. When the power supply of any high-voltage DC busbar is abnormal, the centralized energy storage backup system can discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply. At this time, the high-voltage DC busbar with normal power supply will continue to charge the centralized energy storage backup system, so that the centralized energy storage backup system can continue to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply, thereby ensuring the reliability of the power supply backup system. Therefore, the power supply backup system provided in the present application can achieve the same reliability that the current power supply system needs to achieve through the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system through a single centralized energy storage backup system. The redundancy of the power supply backup system is low, which reduces the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply backup system. In addition, since the power supply backup system provided in the present application can achieve the same reliability that the current power supply system needs to achieve through the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system through a single centralized energy storage backup system, it occupies less space, saves the space occupied by the power supply backup system, and avoids space waste. In addition, since the power supply and backup system provided in the present application only uses a high-voltage DC bus with lower transmission loss, the AC bus and hybrid bus architecture are abandoned, the types of equipment in the power supply and backup system are reduced, and energy loss is reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

FIG1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the power supply and backup system provided in the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a centralized energy storage backup system in the power supply backup system provided in this application;

FIG3 is a second structural diagram of the power supply and backup system provided in the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an interface circuit in a power supply unit in a power supply backup system provided in the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DC converter in a power supply unit in a power supply backup system provided in the present application;

FIG6 is a third structural diagram of the power supply and backup system provided in the present application;

FIG7 is a fourth structural diagram of the power supply and backup system provided in the present application;

FIG8 is a structural schematic diagram 5 of the power supply and backup system provided in the present application;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed energy storage backup system in a power supply backup system provided in the present application;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the steps of the power supply and backup method provided in this application.

Reference numerals:
11-Interface circuit, 12-Equivalent diode circuit.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application.

The embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The present application is described in more detail in the following paragraphs with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of example. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and in an inaccurate scale, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the present application.

As the business volume on the application demand side rapidly expands, the data throughput and data processing density of data centers increase rapidly, resulting in Electricity consumption has risen sharply; and under the background of dual carbon, low PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness, a data center energy consumption assessment indicator), and computing power and electricity coordination, the high energy loss, power density, and reliability problems of traditional data centers have emerged and face great challenges.

At present, the structures of the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system in the power supply system are different, that is, the equipment types of the energy storage backup system in the power supply system are not unified, resulting in high difficulty in networking. The above-mentioned power supply system adopts the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system with different structures to realize dual backup of AC bus backup power and HVDC bus backup power. The redundancy of the power supply system is relatively high, which in turn causes high difficulty and cost in networking the power supply system; in addition, since the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system are used to realize dual backup of AC bus backup power and HVDC bus backup power, a large space will be occupied, resulting in a waste of space. In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a power supply backup system and method, and the above-mentioned power supply backup system and method are described in detail below.

In the first aspect, referring to Figures 1 to 9, the power supply and backup power system provided in the present application includes multiple high-voltage DC busbars, a centralized energy storage backup power system and a power distribution system, the multiple high-voltage DC busbars are connected to the power distribution system, the power distribution system is used to be connected to communication equipment, and the power distribution system is used to distribute the high-voltage DC power transmitted on the multiple high-voltage DC busbars to the communication equipment; the centralized energy storage backup power system is bypassed on the multiple high-voltage DC busbars, the multiple high-voltage DC busbars are used to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system when the power supply is normal, and the centralized energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply.

Specifically, the high-voltage direct current bus is also called the HVDC bus, which is used to provide direct current power supply, and the voltage is relatively stable without direction reversal. Its voltage range is 48Vdc and DC voltage higher than 48Vdc, including but not limited to typical voltage values such as 240Vdc, 336Vdc, 380Vdc, and 400Vdc. The number of HVDC busbars in the power supply backup system provided in this application can be set according to actual needs, and the number of HVDC busbars can be set to two. At this time, the power supply backup system includes a first HVDC busbar and a second HVDC busbar. The first HVDC busbar transmits the first high-voltage direct current, and the second HVDC busbar transmits the second high-voltage direct current. The power distribution system is used to distribute the first high-voltage direct current transmitted on the first HVDC busbar and the second high-voltage direct current transmitted on the second HVDC busbar to the communication equipment. The communication equipment may include but is not limited to electronic equipment such as servers, switches, storage servers, base stations, and multiple communication equipment can form a data center, a database, etc. In this application, multiple HVDC busbars can be provided for communication equipment through a power distribution system.

The power distribution system may include, but is not limited to, a power distribution unit consisting of a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) and its combination. The power distribution system not only distributes the high-voltage direct current transmitted on the HVDC bus to each communication device, but also distributes the high-voltage direct current transmitted to the communication device to each power unit in each communication device. Different PDUs and their combination forms can form different power distribution architectures, realizing redundant power supply and backup, dual-bus dual-backup sharing system, multi-bus heterogeneous backup system, etc.

The input source of the HVDC bus may include, but is not limited to, city electricity, oil generator, photovoltaic, wind turbine, tide, geothermal, etc. The input source of the first HVDC bus and the input source of the second HVDC bus may be different. The input source of the first HVDC bus may include, but is not limited to, city electricity, oil generator, etc. The input source of the second HVDC bus may be local renewable energy power supply. The input source of the second HVDC bus may include, but is not limited to, photovoltaic, wind turbine, tide, geothermal, etc.

The number of centralized energy storage backup power systems can be set according to actual needs, and the number of centralized energy storage backup power systems can be set to one. Each HVDC bus is connected to a centralized energy storage backup power system, and the electrical connection between the centralized energy storage backup power system and the HVDC bus is bidirectional, that is, the HVDC bus can charge the centralized energy storage backup power system, and the centralized energy storage backup power system can also discharge to the HVDC bus.

The power supply backup system includes two HVDC buses, the first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus. If the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, such as the first HVDC bus fails and loses power, the centralized energy storage backup system supplies power to the first HVDC bus. Discharge, the second HVDC bus with normal power supply will continue to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system, therefore, the centralized energy storage backup power system can maintain continuous discharge to the first HVDC bus, at this time, the power supply backup system provided by the present application is converted from dual-source dual-bus power supply to single-source dual-bus power supply. If the second HVDC bus has abnormal power supply, such as when the second HVDC bus fails and loses power, at this time, the centralized energy storage backup power system discharges to the second HVDC bus, and the first HVDC bus with normal power supply will continue to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system, therefore, the centralized energy storage backup power system can maintain continuous discharge to the second HVDC bus, at this time, the power supply backup system provided by the present application is converted from dual-source dual-bus power supply to single-source dual-bus power supply. The power supply backup system provided in the present application can realize not only the centralized energy storage backup system to provide backup power for the HVDC bus that fails due to a fault, but also the conversion from dual-source dual-bus power supply to single-source dual-bus power supply can be realized through the HVDC bus that is not at fault and the centralized energy storage backup system when any one of the first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus fails.

The power supply backup system provided by the present application can realize the backup power of multiple high-voltage DC busbars through a single centralized energy storage backup system. When the power supply of any high-voltage DC busbar is abnormal, the centralized energy storage backup system can discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply. At this time, the high-voltage DC busbar with normal power supply will continue to charge the centralized energy storage backup system, so that the centralized energy storage backup system can continue to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply, thereby ensuring the reliability of the power supply backup system. Therefore, the power supply backup system provided by the present application can achieve the same reliability that the current power supply system needs to achieve through the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system through a single centralized energy storage backup system. The redundancy of the power supply backup system is low, which reduces the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply backup system, and reduces the design and implementation difficulty for the infrastructure construction of large data centers. In addition, since the power supply backup system provided by the present application can achieve the same reliability that the current power supply system needs to achieve through the first energy storage backup system and the second energy storage backup system through a single centralized energy storage backup system, it occupies less space, saves the space occupied by the power supply backup system, and avoids space waste. In addition, since the power supply and backup system provided by the present application only adopts a high-voltage DC bus with lower transmission loss, the AC bus and hybrid bus architecture are abandoned, the types of equipment in the power supply and backup system are reduced, the networking difficulty of the power supply and backup system is reduced, and the energy loss is reduced; since the AC bus is not used, the PDU with isolation function and the PSU with PFC (Power Factor Correction) and supporting AC input are abandoned; and since only a high-voltage DC bus is used, the power supply and backup system is highly integrated, the redundancy of the power supply and backup system is reduced, and the flexibility of the power supply and backup system is improved.

2 , the centralized energy storage backup power system includes a plurality of bidirectional DC converters and a first energy storage module connected to the plurality of bidirectional DC converters. The plurality of bidirectional DC converters are respectively connected to a plurality of high-voltage DC bus bars. The high-voltage DC bus bar is used to charge the first energy storage module through the bidirectional DC converter bar when the power supply is normal. The first energy storage module is used to discharge the first energy storage module through the bidirectional DC converter bar to the high-voltage DC bus bar with abnormal power supply.

Specifically, the bidirectional DC converter 1 is also called a bidirectional DCDC converter 1, and the number of bidirectional DC converters 1 included in the centralized energy storage backup power system is the same as the number of HVDC busbars. When the power supply backup power system includes two HVDC busbars, namely a first HVDC busbar and a second HVDC busbar, the centralized energy storage backup power system includes two bidirectional DC converters 1, and the two bidirectional DC converters 1 include a first bidirectional DC converter 1 and a second bidirectional DC converter 1, wherein the first bidirectional DC converter 1 is connected to the first HVDC busbar, and the second bidirectional DC converter 1 is connected to the second HVDC busbar.

The first HVDC bus or the second HVDC bus can charge the first energy storage module through a bidirectional DC converter. If the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, the first energy storage module will discharge the first HVDC bus through a bidirectional DC converter. At this time, the second HVDC bus with normal power supply continues to charge the first energy storage module through a bidirectional DC converter. In the embodiment of the present application, backup power for multiple HVDC busbars can be achieved through multiple bidirectional DC converters, and the bidirectional DC conversion of multiple HVDC busbars in the centralized energy storage backup power system does not affect each other, ensuring the backup power performance of the centralized energy storage backup power system for multiple HVDC busbars.

3 , 4 , 6 , 7 and 8 , the communication device includes a plurality of power supply units, each of which includes a plurality of interface circuits 11 arranged in parallel, and the plurality of interface circuits 11 are used to be respectively connected to a plurality of high-voltage DC bus bars through a power distribution system.

Specifically, the PSU (Power Supply Unit) can be set in an independent modular form or in a sunken form with a main board or power board in the communication device. The PSU supports but is not limited to supporting HVDC input. The communication device may include N+1 PSUs, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. In this case, the PSU in the communication device adopts an N+1 redundant mode, and the first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus jointly carry N+1 PSUs to power the communication device. Alternatively, depending on the importance of the communication device, the communication device may include N+X PSUs, where X is a positive integer greater than 1. In this case, the PSU in the communication device adopts an N+X redundant mode. The number of interface circuits 11 is equal to the number of HVDC busbars. When the power supply backup system includes two HVDC buses, a first HVDC bus and a second HVDC bus, the PSU includes two interface circuits 11 arranged in parallel, that is, the PSU is a dual-input PSU, one of the interface circuits 11 is connected to the first HVDC bus through a power distribution system, and the other interface circuit 11 is connected to the second HVDC bus through the power distribution system.

In an embodiment of the present application, when the power supply and backup system includes two HVDC buses, a first HVDC bus and a second HVDC bus, the same reliability as that achieved by 2×(N+1)PSU in the existing power supply system can be achieved by using an N+1 dual-input PSU. The PSU can only support HVDC input, and the rectifier and boost unit in the PSU can be omitted at this time, thereby improving the power supply efficiency of the system. In an embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned settings, the redundancy of the PSU can be effectively reduced, the number of equipment units in the power supply and backup system can be reduced, cost and space can be saved, and high reliability requirements under low-redundancy equipment can be achieved at the same time. If 2×(N+1) redundancy is still used, double the high redundancy and high reliability will be obtained; in addition, since the input of the PSU is HVDC, it is not necessary to have a PFC function, thereby reducing energy loss.

5 , the power supply unit includes a plurality of DC converters arranged in parallel, and a plurality of input interfaces support being connected in parallel to the input ends of the DC converters.

Specifically, the number of DC converters included in the power supply unit can be set according to the actual load power demand. The PSU may include M+1 DC converters arranged in parallel, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. In this case, the DC converter in the PSU adopts an M+1 redundant redundancy mode. Alternatively, according to the important situation of the communication equipment, the PSU may include M+Y DC converters arranged in parallel, where Y is a positive integer greater than 1. In this case, the DC converter in the PSU adopts an M+Y redundant redundancy mode. The DC converter has an input end and an output end, and the input end of the DC converter is connected to the input interface branch 11. Both the input end and the output end of the DC converter are provided with a fault disconnect switch so that the DC converter has an input and output self-disconnection function. In the embodiment of the present application, by configuring the PSU to include a plurality of DC converters arranged in parallel, the self-redundancy capability of a single PSU is effectively improved, the power supply redundancy, reliability and maintainability of the PSU are enhanced, and the flexible power distribution and high efficiency of the PSU are achieved.

In summary, the power supply backup system provided in the embodiment of the present application has achieved the reliability that can be achieved by the high-redundancy and high-reliability power supply system of the existing high-level data center at a low equipment redundancy, and has further improved the function and reliability of the power supply backup system, and also further enhanced the power supply redundancy, reliability and maintainability of the PSU.

7 and 8 , the communication equipment includes a distributed energy storage backup power system, which is connected to the power distribution system. The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the power distribution system when the power supply is normal. The distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the power distribution system when the power supply of any high-voltage DC bus is abnormal.

Specifically, the distributed energy storage backup power system in the communication equipment is optional, and the number of distributed energy storage backup power systems can be set according to actual needs. The number of distributed energy storage backup power systems can be one or two. The distributed energy storage backup power system is used to provide backup power for the power distribution system. Any high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the power distribution system when the power supply is normal. When the power supply backup power system includes two HVDC buses, a first HVDC bus and a second HVDC bus, the power distribution system may include a first distributor connected to the first HVDC bus and a second distributor connected to the second HVDC bus. The PSU is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor, and the distributed energy storage backup power system is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor. The first HVDC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the first distributor when the power supply is normal, and the second HVDC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the second distributor when the power supply is normal. The distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the first distributor when the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, and the distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the second distributor when the power supply of the second HVDC bus is abnormal, and then distribute power to the PSU in the communication equipment through the second distributor.

If the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, the distributed energy storage backup power system will discharge to the first distributor, and the first distributor will use the discharge of the distributed energy storage backup power system to distribute power to the PSU. At this time, the second HVDC bus with normal power supply continues to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the second distributor, realizing the conversion from dual-source dual-bus power supply to single-source dual-bus power supply, that is, the PSU input is converted from dual-bus dual-source input to dual-bus single-source input. In the embodiment of the present application, through the setting of the distributed energy storage backup power system, high-reliability and high-safety distributed backup power for communication equipment is realized, and the reliability of the power supply backup system is further improved; in addition, a set of distributed energy storage backup power system can realize high-reliability and high-safety distributed backup power for communication equipment, and the redundancy is lower under the same reliability.

Referring to Figure 9, the distributed energy storage backup power system includes multiple bidirectional DC converters 2 and a second energy storage module connected to the multiple bidirectional DC converters 2, and the multiple bidirectional DC converters 2 are connected to the power distribution system; the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the second energy storage module through the power distribution system and the bidirectional DC converter 2 when the power supply is normal, and the second energy storage module is used to discharge to the power distribution system through the bidirectional DC converter 2.

Specifically, the bidirectional DC converter 2 is also called the bidirectional DCDC converter 2, and the number of bidirectional DC converters 2 included in the distributed energy storage backup power system is the same as the number of HVDC busbars. When the power supply backup power system includes two HVDC busbars, namely the first HVDC busbar and the second HVDC busbar, the distributed energy storage backup power system includes two bidirectional DC converters 2, and the two bidirectional DC converters 2 include the first bidirectional DC converter 2 and the second bidirectional DC converter 2, wherein the first bidirectional DC converter 2 is connected to the first HVDC busbar through the power distribution system, and the second bidirectional DC converter 2 is connected to the second HVDC busbar through the power distribution system.

The first HVDC bus or the second HVDC bus can charge the second energy storage module through the power distribution system and the two bidirectional DC converters. If the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, the second energy storage module will discharge the first distributor connected to the first HVDC bus through the two bidirectional DC converters. At this time, the second HVDC bus with normal power supply continues to charge the second energy storage module through the second distributor and the two bidirectional DC converters. In the embodiment of the present application, the backup power of the power distribution system can be realized by multiple two-way DC converters, and the bidirectional DC conversions performed by the multiple second bidirectional DC conversions in the distributed energy storage backup power system do not affect each other, which ensures the backup power performance of the distributed energy storage backup power system for the power distribution system.

Referring to Figure 2, the first energy storage module includes a first high-voltage battery matrix, the first high-voltage battery matrix includes multiple first high-voltage batteries, the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the first high-voltage battery matrix through a bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the first high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply through a bidirectional DC converter.

Specifically, each first high-voltage battery in the first high-voltage battery matrix can be charged and discharged, that is, the first high-voltage battery matrix can store and release electrical energy. The amount of electricity stored in the first high-voltage battery matrix can be used to maintain backup power for a high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply. The amount of electricity stored in the first high-voltage battery matrix can ensure that the communication equipment operates normally for a certain period of emergency repair and maintenance, ensure inspection and maintenance, and protect the data security of the communication equipment. In addition to meeting the emergency repair and maintenance period of the communication equipment, the amount of electricity stored in the first high-voltage battery matrix can also meet the commutation switching time requirements of the bidirectional DC converter.

2 , the first energy storage module further includes a first battery management system, which is used to manage the first high-voltage battery matrix.

Specifically, the first battery management system (BMS) is used to collect, analyze, estimate and manage data on parameters such as electrical characteristics and thermal characteristics of each first high-voltage battery in the first high-voltage battery matrix, so as to improve the utilization rate of the first high-voltage battery matrix, prevent overcharging and over-discharging of each first high-voltage battery in the first high-voltage battery matrix, and extend the service life of the first high-voltage battery matrix.

2, the first energy storage module also includes a first inspection unit, which is used to inspect whether each first high-voltage battery in the first high-voltage battery matrix is faulty. Specifically, when the first inspection unit detects a fault in any first high-voltage battery, it will report it so that maintenance personnel can perform maintenance in time, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the centralized energy storage backup system.

The bidirectional DC converter 1 includes a bidirectional isolated DC converter 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the bidirectional isolated DC converter 1 can ensure the safe and stable operation of the centralized energy storage backup power system.

4 , an equivalent diode circuit 12 is provided on the interface circuit 11 , the anode of the equivalent diode circuit 12 is used to be connected to the high-voltage DC bus through the power distribution system, and the cathode of the equivalent diode circuit 12 is connected to the input end of the DC converter.

Specifically, when the power supply backup system includes two HVDC buses, namely, a first HVDC bus and a second HVDC bus, the PSU includes two interface circuits 11, one of which is used to access the first high-voltage direct current transmitted by the first HVDC bus, and the other interface circuit 11 is used to access the second high-voltage direct current transmitted by the second HVDC bus. The equivalent diode circuit 12 includes components such as a diode. During the operation of the PSU, when the first high-voltage direct current accessed by the interface circuit 11 is short-circuited, the diode is reverse-biased and cut off, that is, the interface circuit 11 accessed to the first high-voltage direct current is disconnected, and at this time, the other interface circuit 11 accessed to the second high-voltage direct current can still operate normally. That is, when a short-circuit occurs in the first high-voltage direct current or the second high-voltage direct current accessed by the PSU, there is still an interface circuit 11 in the first PSU that can operate normally, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the communication equipment and improving the power supply reliability of the PSU.

In the operation of the PSU, when the first high voltage DC power or the second high voltage DC power connected to the interface circuit 11 is positive, the diode is turned on and the PSU can operate normally. If the interface circuit 11 is connected to reverse power, the diode is not turned on, thereby realizing the reverse connection prevention function of the PSU.

Referring to Figure 3, the multiple high-voltage DC busses include a first high-voltage DC bus and a second high-voltage DC bus, the power distribution system includes a first distributor connected to the first high-voltage DC bus and a second distributor connected to the second high-voltage DC bus, and the power supply unit is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor.

Specifically, the first distributor is connected to the first HVDC bus, and the first distributor distributes the first high-voltage direct current transmitted by the first HVDC bus to the PSU in the communication equipment. The second distributor is connected to the second HVDC bus, and the first distributor distributes the second high-voltage direct current transmitted by the second HVDC bus to the PSU in the communication equipment. The two interface circuits 11 in each PSU are respectively connected to the first distributor and the second distributor. In the embodiment of the present application, through the setting of the first distributor and the second distributor, the first high-voltage direct current transmitted by the first HVDC bus and the second high-voltage direct current transmitted by the second HVDC bus can be respectively distributed to each PSU.

The first distributor includes any one of a first power distribution unit, a first current connector, and a first busbar, and the second distributor includes any one of a second power distribution unit, a second current connector, and a second busbar.

Specifically, the first power distribution unit is also called the first PDU, and the second power distribution unit is also called the second PDU. In Figures 6 to 8, the first distributor adopts the first PDU, and the second distributor adopts the second PDU. The first PDU or the second PDU includes but is not limited to its dual-bus combination form to distribute power to the communication equipment, and can realize single-bus, dual-bus, and multi-bus combination configurations. At this time, one of the interface circuits 11 of the PSU is connected to the first PDU, and the other interface circuit 11 of the PSU is connected to the second PDU. The dual-bus input of the PSU is realized through the first PDU and the second PDU, that is, dual-bus power distribution is provided to the communication equipment through the dual PDU. The first PDU is specifically connected to the PSU through a first cable, and the first cable transmits the first high-voltage direct current. The second PDU is specifically connected to the PSU through the second cable. The second cable transmits a second high voltage direct current.

The first PDU or the second PDU unit includes but is not limited to a PDU with an energy metering function and a PDU with a disconnecting protection device such as a circuit breaker. One of the functions of the first PDU or the second PDU is that it connects the first HVDC bus or the second HVDC bus and the communication equipment to share the HVDC bus; the second function is that it complies with the relevant HVDC certification standards. When the first distributor adopts a first flow connector or a first bus, the first flow connector or the first bus can be arranged as a horizontal structure or an orthogonal structure. When the second distributor adopts a second flow connector or a second bus, the second flow connector or the second bus can be arranged as a horizontal structure or an orthogonal structure.

In the embodiment of the present application, the PDU and the communication equipment share the HVDC bus, and the communication equipment shares the HVDC access. The PDU can remove the isolation transformer and reduce the trunk change loss; the communication equipment power input rectification and power factor correction links are removed to reduce the trunk branch converter loss; sharing the HVDC bus reduces the current loss, effectively reduces the loss, and complies with the low-carbon green energy saving requirements.

3 and 6 to 8, the power supply backup system provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a first DC bus terminal and a second DC bus terminal, the first high-voltage DC bus is connected to the first DC bus terminal, the first DC bus terminal is connected to the first distributor, the second high-voltage DC bus is connected to the second DC bus terminal, and the second DC bus terminal is connected to the second distributor.

Specifically, the first DC terminal cabinet and the second DC terminal cabinet are both used for power distribution. The first HVDC bus is connected to the first distributor through the first DC terminal cabinet, and the second HVDC bus is connected to the second distributor through the second DC terminal cabinet. The first DC terminal cabinet can be connected to n first distributors, and the second DC terminal cabinet can be connected to n second distributors, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. The first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus supply power to n communication devices through the first DC terminal cabinet, the n first distributors of the second DC terminal cabinet, and the n second distributors.

When the input source of the first HVDC bus is the mains power and the input source of the second HVDC bus is the local renewable energy power supply, the first DC train head cabinet has the mains power distribution metering function and the second DC train head cabinet has the renewable energy power distribution metering function, thereby realizing the differentiated metering of different energy consumed by communication equipment, thereby effectively analyzing different energy consumption to achieve the optimal power supply system design and configuration.

Referring to Figure 8, the communication equipment includes multiple distributed energy storage backup power systems, each of which is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor. The distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the first distributor when the power supply of the first high-voltage DC bus is abnormal, and the distributed energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the second distributor when the power supply of the second high-voltage DC bus is abnormal.

Specifically, the number of distributed energy storage backup power systems can be two. Referring to Figure 8, the two distributed energy storage backup power systems include a first distributed energy storage backup power system and a second distributed energy storage backup power system. When the first distributor adopts the first power distribution unit, i.e., the first PDU, and the second distributor adopts the second power distribution unit, i.e., the second PDU, the first HVDC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the first DC train head cabinet and the first PDU under normal power supply conditions, and the second HVDC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup power system through the second DC train head cabinet and the second PDU under normal power supply conditions. The first PDU is specifically connected to the distributed energy storage backup power system through a third cable, and the third cable is used to transmit the first high-voltage direct current. The second PDU is specifically connected to the distributed energy storage backup power system through a fourth cable, and the second cable is used to transmit the second high-voltage direct current.

If the power supply of the first HVDC bus is abnormal, the first distributed energy storage backup power system will discharge to the first PDU, and the first PDU will use the discharge of the first distributed energy storage backup power system to distribute power to the PSU. At this time, the second HVDC bus with normal power supply continues to charge the second distributed energy storage backup power system through the second DC train head cabinet and the second PDU, realizing the conversion from dual-source dual-bus power supply to single-source dual-bus power supply, that is, the PSU input is converted from dual-bus dual-source input to dual-bus single-source input. In the embodiment of the present application, the reliability of the power supply backup system is further improved by setting up multiple distributed energy storage backup power systems.

9, the second energy storage module includes a second high-voltage battery matrix, the second high-voltage battery matrix includes a plurality of second high-voltage batteries, and the high-voltage DC bus is used to supply the second high-voltage battery matrix with a bidirectional DC converter 2 when the power supply is normal. For charging, the second high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge through a two-way power distribution system via a bidirectional DC converter.

Specifically, each second high-voltage battery in the second high-voltage battery matrix can be charged and discharged, that is, the second high-voltage battery matrix can store and release electric energy. The electric energy stored in the second high-voltage battery matrix can be used to maintain backup power for a distributor connected to a high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply.

9 , the second energy storage module further includes a second battery management system, which is used to manage the second high-voltage battery matrix.

Specifically, the second battery management system is used to collect, analyze, estimate and manage data on parameters such as electrical characteristics and thermal characteristics of each second high-voltage battery in the second high-voltage battery matrix, so as to improve the utilization rate of the second high-voltage battery matrix, prevent overcharging and over-discharging of each second high-voltage battery in the second high-voltage battery matrix, and extend the service life of the second high-voltage battery matrix.

9, the second energy storage module also includes a second inspection unit, which is used to inspect whether each second high-voltage battery in the second high-voltage battery matrix is faulty. Specifically, when the second inspection unit detects a fault in any second high-voltage battery, it will report it so that maintenance personnel can perform maintenance in time, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the distributed energy storage backup system.

The bidirectional DC converter 2 includes a bidirectional isolated DC converter 2. In the embodiment of the present application, the second bidirectional isolated DC converter 2 is used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the distributed energy storage backup power system.

7 and 8 , the number of centralized energy storage backup power systems is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of high-voltage DC busbars, and each centralized energy storage backup power system is bypassed on multiple high-voltage DC busbars.

Specifically, the number of centralized energy storage backup power systems can be one. Referring to Figure 8, when the number of high-voltage DC busbars is two, the centralized energy storage backup power system can also be set to two, and the two centralized energy storage backup power systems include a first centralized energy storage backup power system and a second centralized energy storage backup power system. At this time, the first centralized energy storage backup power system and the second centralized energy storage backup power system are both bypassed on the first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus. When the centralized energy storage backup power system is set to two, if the first centralized energy storage backup power system fails, dual backup power for the first HVDC bus and the second HVDC bus can still be achieved through the second centralized energy storage backup power system.

In the embodiment of the present application, when there is one centralized energy storage backup system, the centralized energy storage backup system in the power supply backup system has no redundancy, which reduces the redundancy of the power supply backup system and reduces the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply backup system compared to the dual redundancy of the existing energy storage backup system. When there are two centralized energy storage backup systems, the reliability of the power supply backup system provided by the present application is higher than the dual redundancy of the existing energy storage backup system, and because the structures of the two centralized energy storage backup systems are the same, the networking difficulty of the power supply backup system is reduced.

In a second aspect, referring to FIG10 , the power supply backup method provided in the present application is applied to any of the power supply backup systems described above. The power supply backup method provided in the present application includes:

Step 101, when multiple high-voltage DC busbars are supplying power normally, control the centralized energy storage backup power system to be in a charging state.

Specifically, when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging state, multiple high-voltage DC busbars with normal power supply charge the centralized energy storage backup power system. The centralized energy storage backup power system also includes a control module, and the centralized energy storage backup power system can be controlled to be in a charging state or a charging and discharging state through the control module in the centralized energy storage backup power system. The centralized energy storage backup power system includes multiple bidirectional DC converters and a first energy storage module connected to the multiple bidirectional DC converters. When the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging state, the flow direction of the bidirectional DC converter is from the high-voltage DC busbar to the bidirectional DC converter, and the bidirectional DC converter flows to the first energy storage module.

Step 102, when any high-voltage DC bus power supply is abnormal, control the centralized energy storage backup power system to be in a charging and discharging state.

Specifically, when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging and discharging state, the centralized energy storage backup power system discharges to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply, and the high-voltage DC bus with normal power supply still charges the centralized energy storage backup power system. When the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging and discharging state, the flow direction of the bidirectional DC converter one connected to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply is from the first energy storage module to the bidirectional DC converter one, and the bidirectional DC converter one flows to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply. The flow direction of the bidirectional DC converter one connected to the high-voltage DC bus with normal power supply is from the high-voltage DC bus to the bidirectional DC converter one, and the bidirectional DC converter one flows to the first energy storage module.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the backup power of multiple high-voltage DC busbars can be realized through a single centralized energy storage backup power system. When the power supply of any high-voltage DC busbar is abnormal, the centralized energy storage backup power system can discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply. At this time, the high-voltage DC busbar with normal power supply will continue to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system, so that the centralized energy storage backup power system can continue to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbar with abnormal power supply, thereby ensuring the reliability of the power supply backup power system. Therefore, the power supply backup power system applied by the power supply backup method provided in the present application can achieve the same reliability that the current power supply system needs to achieve through the first energy storage backup power system and the second energy storage backup power system through a single centralized energy storage backup power system. The redundancy of the power supply backup power system is low, which reduces the networking difficulty and cost of the power supply backup power system applied by the power supply backup method.

It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

The power supply backup system provided by the present application is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the structure of the present application and its core ideas. At the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims (21)

A power supply and backup system, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of high-voltage direct current busbars, a centralized energy storage and backup power system, and a power distribution system, wherein the plurality of high-voltage direct current busbars are connected to the power distribution system, the power distribution system is used to be connected to a communication device, and the power distribution system is used to distribute the high-voltage direct current transmitted on the plurality of high-voltage direct current busbars to the communication device; The centralized energy storage backup power system is bypassed on multiple high-voltage DC busbars. The multiple high-voltage DC busbars are used to charge the centralized energy storage backup power system when the power supply is normal, and the centralized energy storage backup power system is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC busbars with abnormal power supply. The power supply backup system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the centralized energy storage backup system comprises a plurality of bidirectional DC converters and a first energy storage module connected to the plurality of bidirectional DC converters, and the plurality of bidirectional DC converters are respectively connected to the plurality of high-voltage DC busbars; The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the first energy storage module through the bidirectional DC converter 1 when the power supply is normal, and the first energy storage module is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply through the bidirectional DC converter 1. The power supply backup system according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the communication equipment includes multiple power supply units, the power supply units include multiple interface circuits arranged in parallel, and the multiple interface circuits are used to be respectively connected to the multiple high-voltage DC bus bars through the power distribution system. The power supply and backup system according to claim 3 is characterized in that the power supply unit includes a plurality of DC converters arranged in parallel, and a plurality of the interface circuits are connected in parallel to the input end of the DC converter. The power supply and backup system according to claim 3 is characterized in that the communication equipment includes a distributed energy storage backup system, which is connected to the power distribution system, and the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the distributed energy storage backup system through the power distribution system when the power supply is normal, and the distributed energy storage backup system is used to discharge to the power distribution system when any of the high-voltage DC buses has power supply abnormalities. The power supply backup system according to claim 5 is characterized in that the distributed energy storage backup system comprises a plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2 and a second energy storage module connected to the plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2, and the plurality of bidirectional DC converters 2 are connected to the power distribution system; The high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the second energy storage module through the power distribution system and the second bidirectional DC converter when the power supply is normal, and the second energy storage module is used to discharge to the power distribution system through the second bidirectional DC converter. The power supply and backup system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the first energy storage module includes a first high-voltage battery matrix, the first high-voltage battery matrix includes a plurality of first high-voltage batteries, the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the first high-voltage battery matrix through the bidirectional DC converter 1 when the power supply is normal, and the first high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply through the bidirectional DC converter 1. The power supply and backup system according to claim 7 is characterized in that the first energy storage module also includes a first battery management system, and the first battery management system is used to manage the first high-voltage battery matrix. The power supply and backup system according to claim 7 is characterized in that the first energy storage module also includes a first inspection unit, and the first inspection unit is used to inspect whether each of the first high-voltage batteries in the first high-voltage battery matrix is faulty. The power supply backup system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the bidirectional DC converter comprises Bidirectional isolated DC converter 1. The power supply backup system according to claim 4 is characterized in that the interface circuit includes an equivalent diode circuit, an anode of the equivalent diode circuit is used to be connected to the high-voltage DC bus through the power distribution system, and a cathode of the equivalent diode circuit is connected to the input end of the DC converter. The power supply and backup system according to claim 5 is characterized in that the multiple high-voltage DC busses include a first high-voltage DC bus and a second high-voltage DC bus, the power distribution system includes a first distributor connected to the first high-voltage DC bus and a second distributor connected to the second high-voltage DC bus, and the power supply unit is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor. The power supply and backup system according to claim 12 is characterized in that the first distributor includes any one of a first power distribution unit, a first current connector, and a first bus, and the second distributor includes any one of a second power distribution unit, a second current connector, and a second bus. The power supply and backup system according to claim 12 is characterized in that it also includes a first DC bus terminal cabinet and a second DC bus terminal cabinet, the first high-voltage DC bus is connected to the first DC bus terminal cabinet, the first DC bus terminal cabinet is connected to the first distributor, the second high-voltage DC bus is connected to the second DC bus terminal cabinet, and the second DC bus terminal cabinet is connected to the second distributor. The power supply and backup system according to claim 12 is characterized in that the communication equipment includes a plurality of the distributed energy storage and backup systems, each of which is connected to the first distributor and the second distributor, and the distributed energy storage and backup system is used to discharge to the first distributor when the power supply of the first high-voltage DC bus is abnormal, and the distributed energy storage and backup system is used to discharge to the second distributor when the power supply of the second high-voltage DC bus is abnormal. The power supply and backup system according to claim 6 is characterized in that the second energy storage module includes a second high-voltage battery matrix, the second high-voltage battery matrix includes a plurality of second high-voltage batteries, the high-voltage DC bus is used to charge the second high-voltage battery matrix through the bidirectional DC converter 2 when the power supply is normal, and the second high-voltage battery matrix is used to discharge to the power distribution system through the bidirectional DC converter 2. The power supply and backup system according to claim 16 is characterized in that the second energy storage module also includes a second battery management system, and the second battery management system is used to manage the second high-voltage battery matrix. The power supply and backup system according to claim 16 is characterized in that the second energy storage module also includes a second inspection unit, and the second inspection unit is used to inspect whether each of the second high-voltage batteries in the second high-voltage battery matrix is faulty. The power supply and backup system according to claim 6 is characterized in that the bidirectional DC converter 2 comprises a bidirectional isolated DC converter 2. The power supply and backup system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the number of the centralized energy storage and backup systems is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of high-voltage DC busbars, and each of the centralized energy storage and backup systems is bypassed on multiple high-voltage DC busbars. A power supply backup method, characterized in that the power supply backup method is applied to the power supply backup system according to any one of claims 1 to 20, and the power supply backup method comprises: When multiple high-voltage DC busbars are supplying power normally, the centralized energy storage backup power system is controlled to be in a charging state, wherein when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in a charging state, the multiple high-voltage DC busbars supplying power normally charge the centralized energy storage backup power system; In the event of any abnormality in the power supply of the high-voltage DC bus, the centralized energy storage backup system is controlled to be in a charging and discharging state. Power state, wherein when the centralized energy storage backup power system is in the charging and discharging state, the centralized energy storage backup power system discharges to the high-voltage DC bus with abnormal power supply.