WO2024110732A1 - Système d'aile profilée - Google Patents
Système d'aile profilée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024110732A1 WO2024110732A1 PCT/FR2023/051841 FR2023051841W WO2024110732A1 WO 2024110732 A1 WO2024110732 A1 WO 2024110732A1 FR 2023051841 W FR2023051841 W FR 2023051841W WO 2024110732 A1 WO2024110732 A1 WO 2024110732A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mast
- telescopic
- section
- length
- wing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
- B63H9/0621—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
- B63H9/0621—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels
- B63H9/0635—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels the panels being pivotable about vertical axes
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a profiled, telescopic wing system for propelling a vehicle by the wind.
- the present disclosure relates to the field of rigging, and more particularly wind propulsion devices, in particular profiled wings or profiled sails, also called “wing sails” or “thick sails” by those skilled in the art. .
- Such a state of the rigging technique is particularly efficient, with regard to optimizing the performance of the rigging for wind propulsion.
- a telescopic profiled wing system for propelling a vehicle by the wind, said profiled wing system comprising a mast, and a set of telescopic segments, cooperating in guiding each other. to the others, and in which said telescopic segments are configured to form a profiled wing at least in a deployed position for which the different telescopic segments extend, relative to each other, in the direction of the mast forming said profiled wing, said profiled wing having a first wing surface and a second wing surface distributed on either side of the mast, said system being configured to move from said deployed position to a retracted position for which the different segments are telescoped into one another the others, said profiled wing then in a position of less bulk compared to the deployed position, and all or part of the telescopic segments comprising a semi-rigid, elastically deformable structure, including:
- a U-shaped connecting section connecting together by extending the first length section and the second length section at the level of the leading edge of the profiled wing, the two length sections ending at the level of the trailing edge of the sail by two free ends
- said system comprises, for all or part of the telescopic segments, actuation means connecting together, on the one hand, at least one of the two free ends , and on the other hand, the U-shaped connection section, configured to bend the first length section and the second length section of the semi-rigid structure by tensioning one of the two free ends with the section U-shaped connection of the semi-rigid structure, and the generation of an offset between the two free ends.
- said actuator connecting the anchor point of the U-shaped connection section to one of the free ends of the first length section according to the first possibility, and/or of the second section of length according to the possibility section goes around the mast from the side opposite to the first length section according to the second possibility, or goes around the mast from the side opposite to the second length section, according to the second possibility.
- the actuation means are configured to bend the semi-rigid structure selectively:
- said at least actuator of the actuation means comprises:
- first actuator configured to arch the semi-rigid structure in said first arched position, one of the longitudinal ends of which is connected to the anchoring point of the U-shaped section while the other longitudinal end is connected to the end free from the second section of length, said first actuator being configured, in an active state, to retract and pull on the free end connected by the first actuator, on the one hand, and on said at least one anchor point on the other hand, until 'at the creation of the offset, the connected free end advancing towards the leading edge relative to the other free end causing the bending of the semi-rigid structure, the first length section taking a concave profile, the second length section taking a convex profile in said first arched position.
- a second actuator configured to arch the semi-rigid structure in said second arched position, one of the free ends of which is connected to the anchoring point of the U-shaped section while the other longitudinal end is connected to the end free of the first length section, said second actuator being configured, in an active state, to retract and pull on the free end connected by the second actuator, on the one hand, and on said at least one anchoring point on the other hand, until the offset is created, the connected free end advancing towards the leading edge relative to the other free end causing the bending of the semi-rigid structure, the second section of length taking a concave profile, the first length section taking a convex profile in said second arched position.
- the profiled wing system comprises a control means configured to selectively:
- all or part of the telescopic segments of the profiled wing have a securing system, which can be activated/deactivated, configured to ensure the securing of the profiled wing to the mast, the securing system comprising:
- an actuator system activatable, internal to the structure configured to pass the first strand and the second strand into a retracted state configured to block the telescopic segment on the mast, sandwiched between the first strand and the second strand, at the interior of the semi-rigid structure, the mast held at a distance from the two length sections by the first strand and the second strand in tension, and up to an deployed state of the first strand and second strand configured to release the mast; and authorize the movement of the arching device along the mast.
- the semi-rigid structures of the different telescopic segments comprise in whole or in part a spacer system comprising a first spacer, connecting together the first length section and the second length section, as well as 'a second spacer, connecting together the first length section and the second long section, parallel to said first spacer, and in which the longitudinal ends of the first strand are secured at two attachment points on the first length section respectively at the junction zones between the first and second spacers and the first length section, the longitudinal ends of the second strand (being secured at two attachment points on the second length section respectively at the level of the junction zones between the first and second spacers.
- the mast extends between the spacers constituted by the first spacer and the second spacer, the first strand and the second strand, clamped on the mast ensuring the distance from the mast with the first spacer, on the one hand, and from the mast with the second spacer, on the other hand.
- said at least actuator member at the belting of the securing system and/or said at least one actuator of the actuation means is an artificial muscle, contracting when supplied with pressure by a fluid , and releasing when the pressure of the fluid decreases, said artificial muscle having an envelope internally receiving a balloon supplied or discharged with the fluid, the flexible envelope in particular in the form of a braid, being configured to retract in length when its section increases under the increase of the supplied or fluid balloon, and expanding in length when its section decreases when the balloon is discharged from the fluid.
- the different telescopic segments are of decreasing dimensions, depending on the height of the mast, in said deployed position, so that a telescopic segment, superior in the deployed position is, compared to a telescopic segment consecutive, lower, brought to insert into the lower telescopic segment, in said retracted position for which the different telescopic segments are telescoped into each other.
- the profiled wing system comprises guiding means between the consecutive telescopic segments, comprising at least a first guide element, extending along the height of a lower telescopic segment, preferably, internal to the semi-rigid structure of the telescopic segment, and cooperating in guiding with at least one second guide element, preferably external, in the lower part of an upper telescopic segment, the second guide element cooperating in guiding with the first guide element according to a limited stroke to ensure sliding between the two consecutive telescopic segments between the retracted position and said deployed position of the profiled wing.
- the different telescopic segments comprise a telescopic head segment, which constitutes the most upper telescopic segment in said deployed position of said profiled wing, and a telescopic foot segment which is integral in the lower part of the mast and which constitutes the lowest telescopic segment in said deployed position and in which the telescopic head segment is connected to a hoisting halyard bearing on a bracket at the head of the mast, the halyard configured to ensure the deployment of the different telescopic segments from the retracted position to the deployed position of said profiled wing.
- the telescopic foot segment is connected to the mast via an adjustment device configured to ensure orientation of the profiled wing around the mast, comprising a mechanism for adjusting the orientation of the telescopic segment of foot around the mast.
- the mechanism for adjusting the orientation of the telescopic leg segment around the mast comprises:
- a mechanical transmission preferably motorized, ensuring adjustment of the rotational position of the second part around the first part.
- the mechanical transmission may include:
- the present disclosure also relates to a vehicle such as a ship comprising wind propulsion comprising at least one telescopic wing system according to the present disclosure.
- the vehicle can be a ship comprising an upper deck above which the mast extends, and said profiled wing in said deployed, from the lower telescopic segment, foot, to the upper telescopic segment of head.
- Said mast can extend below the upper deck, through a formwork, the mast anchored to a structure of the ship under the formwork, said formwork, arranged below the level of the upper deck, and in which said wing telescopic in said retracted position is configured to be lowered through an opening in the upper deck under the upper deck and stored in said formwork.
- the vehicle may include a cover system, configured to close the upper opening in said retracted and stored position of said telescopic wing in the formwork, and in the deployed position of said telescopic wing, outside the formwork by taking support on the mast.
- FIG. 1 is a view of the profiled wing system, according to one embodiment, in a retracted position of the profiled wing of less vertical bulk for which the telescopic segments are telescoped into each other in a state of less vertical bulk , the profiled aid thus retracted arranged above an upper deck of a ship.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of Figure 1, illustrating the profiled wing, in the retracted position, above a formwork, having an upper opening intended to be crossed by the retracted profiled wing, the upper opening of the formwork closed by a cover system.
- FIG. 3 is a consecutive view of Figure 3, illustrating the descent of the profiled wing into said retracted position, through the upper opening of the cover, after opening the cover system.
- FIG. 4 is a view of the streamlined wing in the retracted position, fully housed and stowed in the formwork below the upper deck of the ship, the upper opening of the formwork closed by the cover system.
- FIG. 5 is a front view, and a perspective view of the profiled wing in the deployed position for which the different segments extend over the height of the mast.
- FIG. 6 is a detailed view of Figure 5, illustrating the telescopic segment, the most upper, hereinafter called telescopic head segment, coupled to a halyard via a spacer, said spacer connecting a first section of length and a second length section of a semi-rigid structure forming the telescopic head segment.
- FIG. 7 is a view of the guide means between two consecutive telescopic segments of the profiled wing comprising a first guide element extending along the height of the lower telescopic segment, and a second guide element secured to a lower end of the segment upper telescopic, configured to cooperate in guiding, following a limited stroke, in deployment along the first guide element.
- Fig. 8 is a view of the guide means between two consecutive telescopic segments of the profiled wing comprising a first guide element extending along the height of the lower telescopic segment, and a second guide element secured to a lower end of the segment upper telescopic, configured to cooperate in guiding, following a limited stroke, in deployment along the first guide element.
- FIG. 8 is a transparent view of the profiled wing in its deployed position, illustrating in particular the actuation means comprising a first actuator and a second actuator, configured to arch the semi-rigid structure of the segment, respectively according to two positions of cambering, as well as a system for securing the segment to the mast and which comprises a first strand extending from the first length section of the structure going around the mast, and a second strand extending from the second length section of the structure by bypassing the mast, the first strand and the second strand constituted by activatable actuators, internal to the structure configured to pass the first strand and the second strand in a retracted state configured to block the telescopic segment on the mast, enclosed between the first strand and the second strand, inside the semi-rigid structure, the mast kept at a distance from the two length sections by the first strand and the second strand in tension.
- the actuation means comprising a first actuator and a second actuator, configured to arch the semi-rigid structure of
- FIG. 9 is a detailed view of Figure 8.
- FIG. 10 is a transparent view of the telescopic foot segment, the lowest segment of the profiled wing, illustrating more particularly a mechanism for changing the orientation of the telescopic foot segment around the mast, comprising a first part integral in rotation on the mast, and a second part, pivotally mounted around the first part, secured via a system of spacers to the semi-rigid structure of the segment, and a mechanical transmission configured to pivot the second part around the first part, the mechanical transmission comprising a motorized pinion mounted on the second part, a toothed ring secured to the first part, and a toothed belt meshing between the motorized pinion and the toothed ring.
- FIG. 11 is a bottom view of Figure 10.
- FIG. 12 is a view of the orientation change device when the semi-rigid structure of the telescopic foot segment is hidden.
- FIG. 13 is a detailed view of the gear ring of the mechanical transmission.
- Fig. 14 is a detailed view of the gear ring of the mechanical transmission.
- FIG. 14 is a view of the semi-rigid structure of a telescopic segment in the rest position, and of the first actuator and the second actuator which are configured to selectively arch the structure in a first arched position and in a second arched position.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the section of the semi-rigid structure of the segment of Figure 14, in solid lines, in the rest position, and in dotted lines in two distinct arched positions, namely the first arched position and the second arched position, in one direction and in the other relative to the rest position, Figure 15 illustrating on the right the offset marked "d" between the two free ends of the first section of length and the second of length of the structure, when bending the structure in the first arched position.
- FIG. 16 is a detailed view of the two free ends of the semi-rigid structure, connected respectively by the first actuator and the second actuator via internal tendons.
- FIG. 17 is a detailed view of an actuation system of the securing system according to a first possible variant, the first strand comprising a first retractable actuating member, and the second strand comprising a second retractable actuating member, the first actuator and the second actuator in their retracted state so that the mast is clamped between the first strand and the second strand, secured in position with a distance from the mast, not only with the first section in length and the second length section of the semi-rigid structure, but also kept at a distance from the mast with spacers joining the first length section and the second length section between them.
- FIG. 18 is a detailed view of Figure 17, in the deployed state of the first actuating member and the second actuating member, the first strand and the second strand, loose, releasing the mast.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view of an artificial muscle in its non-activated position, namely the muscle unloaded from the pressurized fluid.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the artificial muscle of Figure 19 in its activated position, namely the muscle supplied with fluid under pressure, which causes an increase in its section and the retraction in length of the actuator with bringing together its ends longitudinal.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the artificial muscle of Figure 19 in its activated position, namely the muscle supplied with fluid under pressure, which causes an increase in its section and the retraction in length of the actuator with bringing together its ends longitudinal.
- FIG. 21 is a sectional view of Figure 20 illustrating in section the envelope in the form of a braid, and the (watertight) balloon received inside the envelope supplied with fluid under pressure.
- FIG. 22 is a view of the profiled wing in its deployed position, the different telescopic segments secured on the mast by gripping the first strand and second strand of the securing system, the view illustrating in transparency the telescopic foot segment for which the first actuator activated, the second actuator released, the first actuator configured to arch the telescopic segment in the first arched position, the first actuator retracting and pulling on the free end of the second length section, connected by the first actuator, on the one hand, and on said at least one anchor point, on the other hand, until the creation of the offset d, the free end of the first length section advancing towards the leading edge BA relative at the other free end of the first length section, causing the semi-rigid structure to bend in the first arched position.
- FIG. 23 is a view according to Figure 22, illustrating in transparency the actuators and the system for securing a telescopic segment of the wing, superior to the telescopic foot segment.
- the present disclosure relates to a profiled wing system 1, telescopic, for propelling a vehicle by the wind, said profiled wing system comprising a mast M, and a set of telescopic segments SG, cooperating guiding in relation to each other.
- the mast M can be a single piece element, typically tubular, according to the illustrated embodiment, or even be itself telescopic to extend and retract, and according to an embodiment not illustrated.
- Said telescopic segments are configured to form a profiled wing AP, at least in a deployed position P1 for which the different telescopic segments extend, relative to each other, in the direction of the mast M, forming said profiled wing.
- the profiled wing AP has a first wing surface S1 and a second wing surface S2 distributed on either side of the mast M.
- Such a deployed position P1 of the profiled wing AP is illustrated in Figure 5.
- the system is configured to move from said deployed position P1 to a retracted position P2 for which the different segments SG are telescoped into each other, said profiled wing AP then in a less bulky position compared to the deployed position P1 .
- a retracted position of said profiled wing AP is illustrated in Figures 1 to 4.
- all or part of the telescopic segments comprise (each) a semi-rigid structure 2, elastically deformable, including:
- a U-shaped connecting section 22 connecting together by extending them the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21 at the level of the leading edge BA of the profiled wing, the two sections of length are ending at the level of the trailing edge BF of the sail with two free ends 23,24.
- the profiled wing system further comprises, for all or part of the telescopic segments SG, actuation means 4 connecting together, on the one hand, at least one of the two free ends 23,24, and on the other hand, the U-shaped connecting section 22.
- the actuation means 4 are configured to bend the first length section and the second length section of the semi-rigid structure by tensioning one of the two free ends 23,24 with the U-shaped connection section 22 of the semi-rigid structure 2, and the generation of an offset d between the two free ends 23,24.
- Such a shift d is illustrated in Figure 15.
- the semi-rigid structures 2 can typically be made of composite material, and typically in whole or in part in the form of flat elements (such as panels) shaped to extend continuously along the section of the structure to form respectively the U-shaped connecting section 22, as well as the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21.
- the flat element extends in the direction of the mast M, in height, along a dimension forming the length of the telescopic segment.
- the flat elements can be obtained by assembling several sections of flats forming in particular respectively the U-shaped connecting section 22, and the two length sections (first and second marked 21 and 22).
- each semi-rigid structure extends along said dimension forming the length of the telescopic segment in the direction of the mast.
- the first surface and second wing surface S1, S2 of the profiled wing formed by the extensions of the different segments are therefore obtained by the semi-rigid structures 2.
- a robust system is obtained, avoiding the risk of tearing, such as they can be encountered in profiled, flexible sails, according to the state of the art for example disclosed by WO2021148734.
- the first wing surface S1 and the second wing surface S2, in particular in the deployed position P1 are obtained by the extension of the semi-rigid structures 2 (exclusively), relative to each other. , following the direction of the mast, and as illustrated in particular in Figures 5 and following. Consequently, the wing surfaces S1 and S2 therefore do not include a tensioned fabric (or flexible film) capable of being torn, and in particular contrary to the state of the art disclosed in particular by WO2021148734 or even EP 3 299 275 whose surfaces in contact with the wind are composed of flexible sails, namely a flexible material such as film or canvas.
- the semi-rigid structures 2 forming the different telescopic segments are shaped components, and therefore self-supporting, in particular in the retracted position P2 for which the segments are retracted into each other, and as illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 in particular.
- the telescopic segments maintain their hold in the deployed position P1, but also in the retracted position P2 for which the different semi-rigid structures 2 are telescoped into each other.
- the different segments SG can also comprise a spacer system 3, comprising at least one spacer connecting together the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21, said spacer configured to work in compression and in traction, to maintain a gap between the two sections of length 20.21.
- the spacer system 3 can typically comprise a first spacer 30, connecting together the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21, as well as a second spacer 31, connecting together the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21, parallel to said first spacer 30,
- the spacers are of fixed or possibly telescopic lengths.
- the mast M extends between the spacers constituted by the first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31.
- the spacers (first and second) are configured to work in tension and compression.
- a third spacer 33 can extend in parallel, connecting the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21. This third spacer 33 is arranged inside the structure 2 arranged between the second spacer 32 and the trailing edge BF of the profiled wing AP.
- Each spacer constituted by the first spacer and the second spacer 30,31, or even the third spacer 33 of the spacer system 3 can be pivotally articulated at its ends, respectively to the first section of length 20 along a perpendicular axis to the plane of the semi-rigid structure and to the second length section 21 along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the semi-rigid structure, the or each spacer 30,31 being configured to pivot relative to the two length sections, first section of length 20 and second section of length 21 during bending and offset of the free ends 23,24; under the effect of the actuation means 4.
- articulated connectors 32 comprising a first part integral with the first section of length 20 or the second section of length 21, or even a second part receiving one end of the spacer 30; 31, the second part being articulated to the first part 33 along a pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the semi-rigid structure 2 to pivot relative to the two length sections during bending and shifting of the free ends 23,24; under the effect of the actuation means.
- Control means are configured to jointly control in the same direction the different actuation means 4 of the telescopic segments SG to arch the first profiled wing surface S1 and the second profiled wing surface S2.
- the different segments SG can take a (in particular first) arched position for which the first section of length 20 takes a concave profile when the second section of length takes a convex profile and/or a (in particular second) arched position in which said second section of length 21 has a concave profile when said first section of length 20 has a convex profile.
- the semi-rigid structure 2 can have a profile having a plane of symmetry, in a rest position Pr of the semi-rigid structure 2 in which the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21 have a profile convex.
- the plane of symmetry of the semi-rigid structure 2 in its rest position extends in the direction between the leading edge BA and the trailing edge BF, parallel to the mast M.
- first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31 extend respectively substantially perpendicular to the plane of symmetry.
- said first section of length 20 has a concave profile when said second section of length 21 is of convex profile, or else said second section of length 21 has a concave profile when said first section of length 20 has a convex profile.
- One of the longitudinal ends 40a, 41a of said at least one actuator 40,41 is connected to one of the two free ends 23,24 while the other 40b, 41b of the two longitudinal ends of said at least one
- the actuator 40,41 is connected to at least one anchor point secured to the U-shaped connection section 22.
- one of the longitudinal ends 40a, 41a is connected to one of the ends by an interior tendon 42 which is guided by a guide 45 secured to the length section carrying the longitudinal end.
- said actuator 40, 41 connecting the anchor point of the U-shaped connection section 22 to one of the free ends of the first section of length 20 according to the first possibility, or to the one of the free ends of the second section of length 21 according to the possibility section bypasses the mast M from the side opposite to the first section of length 20 according to the second possibility, or bypasses the mast M from the side opposite to the second section of length 21 according to the second possibility.
- the actuator can bypass the mast from the other side.
- the actuation means 4 are configured to bend the semi-rigid structure selectively:
- the cambered position can be adjusted during maneuvers, for example by moving from the first cambered position Pc1 to the second cambered position Pc2 of the cambering devices (of reversed concavity) during edge change maneuvers, which are performs tacking or jibe maneuvers.
- the actuators used for the actuator means can be progressive (and not all or nothing) and take several positions making it possible to bend the first and second sail surfaces more or less strongly, in one direction or the other. . It is possible to adjust the concavity of the surface of the sail in contact with the wind in order to maximize the effort required to advance the vehicle depending on the wind conditions.
- said at least actuator of the actuation means may comprise:
- first actuator 40 configured to arch the semi-rigid structure in said first arched position Pc1, one of the longitudinal ends 40a of which is connected to the anchoring point of the U-shaped section while the other longitudinal end 40b is connected at the free end 24 of the second section of length 21, said first actuator 40 being configured, in an active state, to retract and pull on the free end 24 connected by the first actuator 40, on the one hand, and on said at least one anchor point on the other hand, until the offset d is created, the connected free end 24 advancing towards the leading edge BA relative to the other free end 23, causing the bending of the semi-rigid structure, the first section of length 20 taking a concave profile, the second section of length 21 taking a convex profile in said first arched position
- a second actuator 41 configured to arch the semi-rigid structure in said second arched position Pc2, one of the free ends 41a of which is connected to the anchoring point of the U-shaped section while the other longitudinal end 41b is connected to the free end 23 of the first section of length 20, said second actuator 41 being configured, in an active state, to retract and pull on the free end 23 connected by the second actuator 41, on the one hand, and on said at least one anchor point on the other hand, until the offset is created, the connected free end 23 advancing towards the leading edge BA relative to the other free end 24 causing the bending of the semi-rigid structure, the second length section 21 taking a concave profile, the first length section 20 taking a convex profile in said second arched position Pc2.
- the profiled wing system may comprise a control means configured to selectively:
- all or part of the telescopic segments SG have a securing system 7, which can be activated/deactivated, configured to ensure the securing of the profiled wing to the mast.
- the securing system 7 is advantageously configured to keep the mast at a distance from the semi-rigid structure of the system while ensuring the return of the lateral support due to the pressure of the wind on the wing profiled on the mast.
- the securing system 7 positions said profiled wing while avoiding shocks between the mast M and the damaging parts of the profiled wing system, and in particular shocks with the spacers 30,31.
- the securing system 7 comprises:
- the mast thus extends between the first strand 71 and the second strand 72.
- the securing system also comprises an actuator system, activatable, internal to the semi-rigid structure 2, configured to pass the first strand and the second strand in a retracted state configured to tighten the arching device on the mast M , sandwiched between the first strand 71 and the second strand 72, inside the semi-rigid structure, and as illustrated in the detailed view of Figure 17.
- the mast thus enclosed by the first strand 71 and the second strand 72 is advantageously kept at a distance from the two sections of length 20.21 by the first strand 71 and the second strand 72 in tension, as well as kept at a distance from the spacers , first spacer 31 and second spacer 32 when present.
- the wind force on the profiled wing is returned to the mast by the first strand 72 and second strand 72 in tension.
- the actuator system is deactivated, the latter is configured to cause an deployed state of the first strand and second strand configured to release the mast; and allow easy movement of the telescopic segments along the mast from the first deployed position P1 to the retracted position P2, or vice versa.
- the semi-rigid structures of the different telescopic segments SG may comprise, in whole or in part, the system of spacers 3 comprising the first spacer 30, connecting together the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21, as well as a second spacer 31, connecting together the first section of length 20 and the second section of length 21, parallel to said first spacer 30.
- the longitudinal ends of the first strand 71 are secured at two attachment points on the first section of length 20 respectively at the level of the junction zones between the first and second spacers 30, 31 and the first section of length
- the longitudinal ends of the second strand 72 being secured at two attachment points on the second section of length 21 respectively at the junction zones between the first and second spacers 30, 31.
- the mast M then extends between the spacers constituted by the first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31, the first strand 71 and the second strand 72 clamped on the mast ensuring that the mast is kept at a distance from the first spacer 30 , on the one hand, and the mast with second spacer 31, on the other hand.
- first and second spacers 30, 31 promote reliable and firm tightening of the mast by the first strand 71 and the second strand 72, by the compression work of the spacers which opposes the retraction of the first and second strands 71,72.
- the longitudinal ends of the first strand 71 can be secured at two attachment points on the first section of length 20 respectively at the level of the junction zones between the first and second spacers 30, 31 on the one hand, and the first section of length 20, on the other hand,
- the longitudinal ends of the second strand 72 can be secured at two attachment points on the second section of length 21 respectively at the level of the junction zones between the first and second spacers 30, 31 on the one hand, and the second section of length
- Each spacer constituted by the first spacer and the second spacer 30,31 of the spacer system 3 can be pivotally articulated at its ends, respectively to the first section of length 20 along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the semi-structure. -rigid and to the second section of length 21 along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the semi-rigid structure, the or each spacer 30,31 being configured to pivot relative to the two sections of length, first section of length 20 and second section of length 21 during bending and shifting of the free ends 23,24; under the effect of the actuation means 4.
- the telescopic segment SG may comprise articulated connectors 32, comprising a first part secured to the first section of length 20 or the second section of length 21, or even a second part receiving one end of the spacer 30;31, the second part being articulated to the first part along a pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the semi-rigid structure 2 to pivot relative to the two length sections during bending and shifting of the free ends 23,24 ; under the effect of the actuation means.
- articulated connectors 32 comprising a first part secured to the first section of length 20 or the second section of length 21, or even a second part receiving one end of the spacer 30;31, the second part being articulated to the first part along a pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the semi-rigid structure 2 to pivot relative to the two length sections during bending and shifting of the free ends 23,24 ; under the effect of the actuation means.
- the longitudinal ends of the first strand 71 can advantageously be attached to the first parts of the connectors 32 secured to the first section of length 20 and the longitudinal ends of the second strand 72 are attached to the first parts of the connectors 32 secured to the second section of length 21.
- the actuator system of the securing system 7 comprises at least one actuating member at the belt m having two longitudinal ends e1, e2 said actuating member, activatable being retractable when activated with rimpedement of its two longitudinal ends e1, e2.
- Said belt actuating member may be an artificial muscle, in particular a pneumatic muscle.
- Such an actuator has an envelope internally receiving a balloon supplied or discharged with fluid.
- the flexible envelope retracts in length when its section increases under the increase of the supplied or fluid balloon (contraction of the muscle), and deploys in length when its section decreases when the balloon is discharged from the fluid (reduction in fluid pressure ). Retraction of the actuator can be progressive by controlling the quantity of fluid supplied to the balloon.
- Such pneumatic actuation systems are commonly called “artificial muscles” made up of inflatable tubes inserted into protective braids forming an envelope, such that the artificial muscle contracts or expands depending on whether its internal fluid pressure increases or decreases.
- artificial muscles are, for example, described by B. Tondu and P. Lopez in “Compte Rendu de l’Académie des Sciences”, t. 320, PP 105-114, 1995.
- Such an artificial muscle is illustrated schematically in its deployed position in Figure 19 and in its retracted position in Figure 20, as well as in a sectional view in Figure 21.
- the section of the balloon increases which causes an increase in the section of the envelope Ev in the form of a braid in FIG. 11.
- pressurized fluid for example air
- the braiding of the envelope generates a force ensuring the retraction of the artificial muscle, by bringing together the longitudinal ends e1 or e2.
- Such an actuator has the advantage of:
- the first strand 71 may comprise a first belt actuation member m1, in particular a first artificial muscle, and the second strand 72 may comprise a second belt actuation member m2 in particular a second artificial muscle.
- Such an embodiment is illustrated for information purposes in Figure 17 when the first belt actuator member m1 and the second belt actuation member m2 are artificial muscles.
- the longitudinal ends e1 and e2 of the first belt actuator member m1 are secured in two attachment positions on the first parts of the connectors 32 linked to the first section of length 20, respectively at the level of the junction zone with the first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31.
- the longitudinal ends e1 and e2 of the second actuating member to the belt m2 are secured in two attachment positions on the first parts of the connectors 32 linked to the second section of length 21 respectively at the junction zone with the first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31.
- first actuator 40 and second actuator 41 can be an actuator which retracts when supplied with fluid such as an artificial muscle, in particular a pneumatic muscle.
- an actuator which retracts when supplied with fluid such as an artificial muscle, in particular a pneumatic muscle.
- Such an actuator previously described, and is not redeveloped. It has an envelope internally receiving a balloon supplied or discharged with fluid.
- the flexible envelope retracts in length when its section increases under the increase of the supplied or fluid balloon (contraction of the muscle), and deploys in length when its section decreases when the balloon is discharged from the fluid (reduction in fluid pressure ). Retraction of the actuator can be progressive by controlling the quantity of fluid supplied to the balloon.
- the actuator in particular first or second
- the artificial muscles of the actuators 40,41 and/or the actuator members m of the plurality of segments are supplied with fluid by one or more flexible elastic pipes AL1, AL2, AL3, shaped in serpentine shape (not illustrated), extending in the direction of the height of the mast M.
- the flexible elastic pipe(s) are configured to deploy by spacing the turns of the serpentine in the deployed position of said telescopic wing and to retract by bringing together the turns of the coil under the elasticity of the coil, in the retracted position P2 of the profiled wing AP.
- the different telescopic segments SG are of decreasing dimensions (in particular in directions perpendicular to the mast), depending on the height of the mast M, in said deployed position P1, so that an upper telescopic segment in the deployed position is, relative to a consecutive lower telescopic segment, caused to insert into the lower telescopic segment, in said retracted position P2 for which the different segments telescopic are telescoped into each other.
- said at least actuator 40, 41 and/or the first belt actuation member m1 and the second belt actuation member m2 are positioned, in the semi-rigid structure, preferably at level of the lower end of the telescopic segment SG. SG.
- Such positioning allows, in the retracted position P2, to telescope the different SG segments into each other, maximizing the entanglement between the segments, as well as the vertical compactness of the profiled wing in the retracted position P2, and without said at least one actuator and/or the first belt actuation member m1 and the second belt actuation member m2 do not constitute an obstacle substantially limiting the retraction of the segments.
- the profiled wing system may include guide means between the consecutive telescopic segments, comprising at least a first guide element GD1, extending along the height of a lower telescopic segment SG , preferably internal to the semi-rigid structure 2 of the telescopic segment, and cooperating in guiding with at least one second guide element GD2, preferably external, in the lower part of an upper telescopic segment.
- guide means between the consecutive telescopic segments comprising at least a first guide element GD1, extending along the height of a lower telescopic segment SG , preferably internal to the semi-rigid structure 2 of the telescopic segment, and cooperating in guiding with at least one second guide element GD2, preferably external, in the lower part of an upper telescopic segment.
- the second guide element GD2 cooperates in guiding with the first guide element GD1 according to a limited stroke to ensure sliding between the two consecutive telescopic segments between the retracted position P2 and said deployed position P1 of the profiled wing AP.
- the profiled wing system AP may preferably comprise several pairs of first guide element GD1/second guide element GD1, which are distributed over the first sections of length 20 of the two consecutive segments and which are distributed over the second sections of length 21 of the two consecutive segments.
- the first guide element GD1 can be a flexible, elongated element and the second guide element GD2, a sliding loop on the flexible elongated element.
- the different telescopic segments SG comprise a telescopic head segment SGT which constitutes the most upper telescopic segment in said deployed position P1 of said profiled wing AP, and a telescopic foot segment SGP which is partly integral bottom of the mast and which constitutes the lowest telescopic segment in said deployed position P1.
- the telescopic head segment SGT is connected to a hoisting halyard DR supported on a bracket POT at the head of the mast M.
- the halyard is configured to ensure the deployment of the different telescopic segments from the retracted position P2 to the deployed position P1 of said profiled wing AP.
- the telescopic foot segment SGP is connected to the mast, preferably via an adjustment device configured to ensure orientation of the profiled wing AP around the mast M.
- an adjustment device comprises an adjustment mechanism 5 of the orientation of the telescopic foot segment SGP around the mast M.
- the mechanism 5 for adjusting the orientation of the telescopic leg segment SGP around the mast M may include:
- the spacer system can comprise the first spacer 30, the second spacer 31 and a third spacer 33. It will be noted that the first spacer 30 and the second spacer 31 are articulated in their middle portion on the second part 52, typically via axis pivots substantially parallel to the mast. The third spacer 33 is articulated to the second part 52, for example via a ball joint connection.
- the mechanical transmission 6 can include:
- toothed belt 62 connecting the toothed ring 60 to the motorized pinion 61.
- the mechanical transmission 6 is thus configured so that a rotation of the motorized pinion causes the rotation of the second part 52 relative to the first part 51 by changing the orientation of the telescopic foot segment SGP around the mast M.
- the first part 51 linked in rotation to the mast can possibly slide relative to the mast according to a stroke limited to the descent, and in order to store the profiled wing in its retracted position in a formwork preferably arranged under the upper deck PTA or on the contrary when going up, in order to take the retracted wing out of the formwork and position it above the upper PT deck of the ship.
- the present disclosure also relates to a vehicle such as a ship comprising wind propulsion comprising at least one profiled, telescopic wing system, according to the present disclosure.
- the vehicle can be a ship, for example monohull or multihull, comprising an upper deck above which the mast M extends, at least in part and said profiled wing in said deployed P1, of the lower telescopic segment, of SGP foot, up to the upper telescopic segment of SGT head.
- said mast extends below the upper deck PT, through a formwork, the mast anchored to a structure of the ship below the level of the formwork.
- Said formwork is arranged below the level of the upper deck.
- said telescopic wing then in said retracted position is configured to be lowered through an opening in the upper deck under the upper deck PT and stored in said formwork.
- a cover system CV can be configured to close the upper opening in said retracted position P1 and stowed of said telescopic wing AP in the formwork.
- the cover system CV can also be configured to close the opening in the upper deck PT in the deployed position P1 of said telescopic wing, said profiled wing then outside the formwork. In this last closed position the cover system can come to rest on the mast, at a distance and above its anchoring to the ship made under the formwork. Such support of the cover system on the mast reinforces the maintenance of the mast and its resistance to bending under the force of the profiled wing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2212215A FR3142171A1 (fr) | 2022-11-23 | 2022-11-23 | Système d’aile profilée |
FRFR2212215 | 2022-11-23 |
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WO2024110732A1 true WO2024110732A1 (fr) | 2024-05-30 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2023/051841 WO2024110732A1 (fr) | 2022-11-23 | 2023-11-22 | Système d'aile profilée |
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FR (1) | FR3142171A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2024110732A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1986000591A1 (fr) * | 1984-07-05 | 1986-01-30 | Jean Marie Nicolas Graveline | Dispositif aerodynamique a concavite reversible, souple et affalable, pour la propulsion par la force du vent |
WO2003039948A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-15 | Pietro Bellinvia | Voile reductible a double surface comprenant une section variable |
EP3299275A1 (fr) | 2016-09-25 | 2018-03-28 | Charles Reginald Magnan | Voilure |
WO2020115717A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | Ayro | Navire à propulsion à voile |
FR3106332A1 (fr) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | Philippe MARCOVICH | Dispositif cambreur pour voile profilée |
-
2022
- 2022-11-23 FR FR2212215A patent/FR3142171A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-11-22 WO PCT/FR2023/051841 patent/WO2024110732A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1986000591A1 (fr) * | 1984-07-05 | 1986-01-30 | Jean Marie Nicolas Graveline | Dispositif aerodynamique a concavite reversible, souple et affalable, pour la propulsion par la force du vent |
WO2003039948A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-15 | Pietro Bellinvia | Voile reductible a double surface comprenant une section variable |
EP3299275A1 (fr) | 2016-09-25 | 2018-03-28 | Charles Reginald Magnan | Voilure |
WO2020115717A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | Ayro | Navire à propulsion à voile |
FR3106332A1 (fr) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | Philippe MARCOVICH | Dispositif cambreur pour voile profilée |
WO2021148734A1 (fr) | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | MARCOVICH, Philippe | Dispositif cambreur pour voile profilee |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
B. TONDUP. LOPEZ, COMPTE RENDU DE L'ACADÉMIE DES SCIENCES, vol. 320, 1995, pages 105 - 114 |
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FR3142171A1 (fr) | 2024-05-24 |
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