WO2024106696A1 - 무선 통신 시스템에서 전력 증폭기에 드레인 전압을 제공하기 위한 전원 공급 회로 및 전원 공급 회로를 포함하는 전자 장치 - Google Patents
무선 통신 시스템에서 전력 증폭기에 드레인 전압을 제공하기 위한 전원 공급 회로 및 전원 공급 회로를 포함하는 전자 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024106696A1 WO2024106696A1 PCT/KR2023/011905 KR2023011905W WO2024106696A1 WO 2024106696 A1 WO2024106696 A1 WO 2024106696A1 KR 2023011905 W KR2023011905 W KR 2023011905W WO 2024106696 A1 WO2024106696 A1 WO 2024106696A1
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- dcdc converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
- H03F1/0216—Continuous control
- H03F1/0222—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
- H03F1/0227—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K7/00—Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
- H03K7/08—Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a power supply circuit in a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a power supply circuit that provides a drain voltage to a power amplifier in a wireless communication system. It relates to electronic devices including.
- DCDC (direct current to direct current) converter refers to a device that converts direct current to direct current. Electronic devices may have different operating voltage ranges. In order to supply the appropriate voltage to the corresponding electronic devices, a DCDC converter needs to convert the voltage to other direct currents.
- a power supply circuit includes a plurality of DCDC (direct current direct current) converter circuits; and a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller operatively connected to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain the current voltage of a power amplifier (PA).
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain a reference voltage for the power amplifier.
- the PWM controller may be configured to generate PWM control signals for the plurality of DCDC converter circuits based on the difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage.
- the PWM controller may be configured to provide the PWM control signals to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- Each DCDC converter circuit of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits includes a transformer, a primary active clamping circuit connected to the primary end of the transformer, and a secondary end of the transformer. end) may include a secondary resonance converter circuit connected to the end).
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a diode configured to provide a regeneration current from the secondary terminal of the transformer to an output terminal of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- an electronic device includes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) including a digital predistortion (DPD) circuit, a power amplifier (PA), a plurality of direct current direct current (DCDC) converter circuits, and It may include a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller operatively connected to the FPGA, the power amplifier, and the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain the current voltage of the power amplifier.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain a reference voltage for the power amplifier from the DPD circuit.
- the PWM controller may be configured to generate PWM control signals for the plurality of DCDC converter circuits based on the difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage.
- the PWM controller may be configured to provide the PWM control signals to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- Each DCDC converter circuit of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits includes a transformer, a primary active clamping circuit connected to the primary end of the transformer, and a secondary end of the transformer. may include a secondary resonance converter circuit connected to the end).
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a diode configured to provide regeneration current from the secondary terminal of the transformer to an output terminal of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to one or more embodiments.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a fronthaul interface according to one or more embodiments.
- 3A and 3B illustrate examples of wireless communication circuits including multiple parallel resonant converters according to one or more embodiments.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a functional configuration of an electronic device including multiple parallel resonant converters according to one or more embodiments.
- Figure 5 shows an example of pulse width modulation (PWM) for each channel of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example PWM controller of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- FIG. 7A and 7B show an example of a DCDC converter circuit for each channel of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of response speed of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C are diagrams for explaining the performance of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- Circuits used in the following description e.g., communication circuit, resonance circuit, wireless communication circuit, clamping circuit, converter circuit
- terms referring to resources e.g., symbol, period, cycle ( cycle, duty, interval)
- terms for computational states e.g. step, operation, procedure
- terms referring to components e.g. circuit, chip, Terms referring to an integrated circuit (IC), a logic circuit), a channel, a term referring to network entities, a term referring to a device component, etc. are exemplified for convenience of explanation. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to the terms described below, and other terms having equivalent technical meaning may be used.
- the expressions greater than or less than may be used to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or fulfilled, but this is only a description for expressing an example, and the description of more or less may be used. It's not exclusion. Conditions written as ‘more than’ can be replaced with ‘more than’, conditions written as ‘less than’ can be replaced with ‘less than’, and conditions written as ‘more than and less than’ can be replaced with ‘greater than and less than’.
- 'A' to 'B' means at least one of the elements from A to (including A) and B (including B).
- 'C' and/or 'D' means including at least one of 'C' or 'D', i.e. ⁇ 'C', 'D', 'C' and 'D' ⁇ .
- the present disclosure uses terms used in some communication standards (e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), extensible radio access network (xRAN), and open-radio access network (O-RAN).
- 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
- xRAN extensible radio access network
- OF-RAN open-radio access network
- the present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for providing a drain voltage at high speed to a power amplifier (PA) in a wireless communication system.
- PA power amplifier
- the present disclosure describes a technology for providing a drain voltage at high speed and reducing switching loss and electromagnetic interference by interleaving a plurality of DCDC converter circuits using a resonant converter in parallel in a wireless communication system. do.
- the electronic device to which the circuit and device are applied and the communication environment of the electronic device are described.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to one or more embodiments.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a base station 110 and a terminal 120 as some of the nodes that use a wireless channel in a wireless communication system.
- FIG. 1 shows only one base station, the wireless communication system may further include other base stations that are the same or similar to base station 110.
- the base station 110 is a network infrastructure that provides wireless access to the terminal 120.
- the base station 110 has coverage defined based on the distance at which signals can be transmitted.
- the base station 110 includes 'access point (AP)', 'eNodeB (eNB)', '5G node (5th generation node)', and 'next generation nodeB'.
- AP access point
- eNB eNodeB
- gNB gNodeB
- TRP transmission/reception point
- the terminal 120 is a device used by a user and communicates with the base station 110 through a wireless channel.
- the link from the base station 110 to the terminal 120 is called downlink (DL), and the link from the terminal 120 to the base station 110 is called uplink (UL).
- the terminal 120 and another terminal may communicate with each other through a wireless channel.
- the link between the terminal 120 and other terminals (device-to-device link, D2D) is referred to as a sidelink, and the sidelink may be used interchangeably with the PC5 interface.
- terminal 120 may operate without user involvement.
- the terminal 120 is a device that performs machine type communication (MTC) and may not be carried by the user.
- the terminal 120 may be a narrowband (NB)-internet of things (IoT) device.
- MTC machine type communication
- IoT narrowband-internet of things
- the terminal 120 includes 'user equipment (UE)', 'customer premises equipment (CPE)', 'mobile station', and 'subscriber station'. , may be referred to as a ‘remote terminal’, a ‘wireless terminal’, an electronic device’, or a ‘user device’ or other terms with equivalent technical meaning. .
- each base station has a digital processing unit (or distributed unit (DU)) and a radio frequency (RF) processing unit (RF processing unit, or RU). It was installed to include the functions of a radio unit).
- DU digital processing unit
- RF radio frequency
- RU radio frequency processing unit
- the DU and RU of the base station are separated, one or more RUs are connected to one DU through a wired network, and one or more RUs are deployed geographically distributed to cover a specific area.
- a structure has been proposed.
- the deployment structure and expansion examples of the base station according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are described through FIG. 2.
- Fronthaul refers to the interface between the entity of the radio access network and the base station, unlike the backhaul between the base station and the core network.
- Figure 2 shows an example of a fronthaul structure between a DU (210) and one RU (220), but this is only for convenience of explanation and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be applied to the fronthaul structure between one DU and multiple RUs.
- embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a fronthaul structure between one DU and two RUs.
- embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a fronthaul structure between one DU and three RUs.
- the base station 110 may include a DU 210 and a RU 220.
- the fronthaul 215 between the DU 210 and the RU 220 may be operated through the F x interface.
- an interface such as enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI) or radio over ethernet (ROE) may be used.
- eCPRI enhanced common public radio interface
- ROE radio over ethernet
- DU performs functions for PDCP (packet data convergence protocol), RLC (radio link control), MAC (media access control), and PHY (physical).
- PDCP packet data convergence protocol
- RLC radio link control
- MAC media access control
- PHY physical
- the RU may be implemented to perform more functions for the PHY layer in addition to the radio frequency (RF) function.
- RF radio frequency
- DU 210 may be responsible for upper layer functions of the wireless network.
- the DU 210 may perform the functions of the MAC layer and part of the PHY layer.
- part of the PHY layer is performed at a higher level among the functions of the PHY layer, for example, channel encoding (or channel decoding), scrambling (or descrambling), modulation (or demodulation), and layer mapping (layer mapping) (or layer demapping).
- the DU 210 if the DU 210 complies with the O-RAN standard, it may be referred to as an O-RAN DU (O-DU).
- DU 210 may be represented as a replacement for a first network entity for a base station (eg, gNB) in embodiments of the present disclosure, if necessary.
- a base station eg, gNB
- the RU 220 may be responsible for lower layer functions of the wireless network.
- RU 220 may perform some of the functions of the PHY layer and RF functions.
- some of the functions of the PHY layer are those performed at a relatively lower level than the DU 210 among the functions of the PHY layer, for example, iFFT conversion (or FFT conversion), CP insertion (CP removal), digital beam May include foaming.
- iFFT conversion or FFT conversion
- CP insertion CP removal
- digital beam May include foaming.
- An example of this specific functional separation is detailed in Figure 4.
- RU 220 is an 'access unit (AU)', 'access point (AP)', 'transmission/reception point (TRP)', 'remote radio head (RRH) )', 'radio unit (RU)', or other terms with equivalent technical meaning.
- the RU 220 if the RU 220 complies with the O-RAN standard, it may be referred to as an O-RAN RU (O-RU).
- the RU 220 may be replaced with a second network entity for a base station (eg, gNB) in embodiments of the present disclosure, if necessary.
- a base station eg, gNB
- the base station 110 includes a DU 210 and a RU 220, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
- the base station includes a centralized unit (CU) configured to perform the functions of the upper layers of the access network (e.g., packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC)) and a lower layer. It can be implemented as a distributed deployment according to distributed units (DUs) configured to perform functions.
- the distributed unit (DU) may include the digital unit (DU) and radio unit (RU) of FIG. 1.
- the core e.g.
- 5GC 5G core or NGC (next generation core) network and the radio network (RAN), base stations may be implemented in a structure in which CU, DU, and RU are arranged in that order.
- the interface between the CU and distributed unit (DU) may be referred to as the F1 interface.
- a centralized unit is connected to one or more DUs and can be responsible for functions of a higher layer than the DU.
- the CU may be responsible for the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers
- RRC radio resource control
- PDCP packet data convergence protocol
- DU performs RLC (radio link control), MAC (media access control), and some functions of the PHY (physical) layer (high PHY), and RU is responsible for the remaining functions of the PHY layer (low PHY).
- a digital unit may be included in a distributed unit (DU) depending on the distributed deployment implementation of the base station.
- a digital unit (DU) and RU are described, but various embodiments of the present disclosure are based on a base station arrangement including a CU or an arrangement where the DU is directly connected to the core network (i.e., CU and DU can be applied to both integrated and implemented as a single entity, a base station (e.g., NG-RAN node).
- a base station e.g., NG-RAN node
- the power amplifier (PA) of network equipment e.g., base station 110 or RU 220
- PA power amplifier
- Envelope tracking technology is a technology that increases PA efficiency by tracking the amplitude of an RF signal and adjusting the bias voltage of the amplifier based on the tracking result.
- the drain voltage of the transistor of the power amplifier may be provided variably.
- a reference voltage e.g., 48V
- the reference voltage refers to the target voltage to be provided by the power supply circuit.
- a large space for heat dissipation a large, high-performance power semiconductor, and components (eg, resistor, inductor, capacitor) are required.
- a supply of 100A (ampere)/500ns (nanosecond) may be required.
- a multi-step tracking method using an appropriate number (e.g., 2 or 3) of general DCDC circuits can be used.
- a plurality of voltage levels to be used in the drain voltage are set in advance, and the circuit according to the multi-step tracking method can supply one of various voltages to the drain of the PA through a switch according to the system output.
- efficiency can be maintained at an appropriate level.
- the drain voltage cannot satisfy all output conditions of the system, optimal efficiency is difficult to achieve.
- the multi-step tracking method is still disadvantageous in terms of space.
- the multi-parallel resonant converter may include DCDC converter circuits arranged in parallel.
- each DCDC converter circuit may include two or more resonant converters centered on a transformer.
- the DCDC converter circuits can be interleaved through a PWM controller.
- 3A and 3B illustrate examples of wireless communication circuits including multiple parallel resonant converters according to one or more embodiments.
- Terms such as '... unit' and '... unit' used hereinafter refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which can be implemented through hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. there is.
- an electronic device may include a plurality of transmission paths.
- Each transmission path may include a power amplifier (PA) and an antenna (or radiator).
- the first transmission path may include the first PA 320-a and the first antenna 310-a.
- the second transmission path may include a second PA 320-b and a second antenna 310-b.
- the third transmission path may include a third PA 320-c and a third antenna 310-c.
- the fourth transmission path may include a fourth PA (320-d) and a fourth antenna (310-d).
- An electronic device may include a power supply circuit for each transmit path.
- the electronic device e.g., RU 220
- a power supply circuit may be connected to the PA to provide a voltage to be supplied to the drain of the PA.
- the electronic device eg, RU 220
- the electronic device may include a second power supply circuit 330-b for the second PA 320-b.
- the electronic device eg, RU 220
- the electronic device may include a fourth power supply circuit 330-d for the fourth PA 320-d.
- the power supply circuit may include a DC-DC converter.
- the power supply circuit may be referred to as a DC supply, DC power unit, power supply unit, power supply, DC power supply, or a term with equivalent technical meaning.
- a description of the power amplifier 320 will be provided to explain each of the first PA (320-a), the second PA (320-b), the third PA (320-c), and the fourth PA (320-d). This can be provided.
- the description of the power amplifier 320 may be understood as a description of an individual power amplifier.
- each of the first power supply circuit (330-a), the second power supply circuit (330-b), the third power supply circuit (330-c), and the fourth power supply circuit (330-d) To explain, a description of the power supply circuit 330 may be provided.
- the description of the power supply circuit 330 may be understood as a description of an individual power supply circuit.
- an electronic device may include one power supply circuit for a plurality of PAs.
- the electronic device e.g., RU 220
- FIG. 4 illustrates a functional configuration of an electronic device (e.g., RU 220) including multiple parallel resonant converters according to one or more embodiments.
- Terms such as '... unit' and '... unit' used hereinafter refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which can be implemented through hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. there is.
- an electronic device may include a field programmable gate array (FPGA) 420.
- a digital predistortion (DPD) circuit 425 may be implemented on the FPGA 420.
- the DPD circuit 425 may provide the power supply circuit with a reference voltage required to compensate for non-linearity of a power amplifier (eg, PA 320). In other words, the DPD circuit 425 can provide the power supply circuit with a reference voltage that the DCDC converter must follow.
- the electronic device (e.g., RU 220) has a power supply circuit (e.g., a first power supply circuit 330-a, a second power supply circuit 330-b, and a third power supply) having multiple parallel resonant converters. It may include a circuit 330-c, a fourth power supply circuit 330-d, or a fifth power supply circuit 350).
- the power supply circuit may include a plurality of DCDC converters and a PWM controller.
- each channel DCDC converter among the plurality of DCDC converters may provide a drain voltage for the PA (320).
- the plurality of DCDC converters may include a first channel DCDC converter 411, a second channel DCDC converter 412, a third channel DCDC converter 413, and a fourth channel DCDC converter 414. there is.
- Each of the plurality of DCDC converters may be connected to the PA (320).
- each channel DCDC converter may include a transformer (or a coupled inductor).
- Each channel DCDC converter may have 1 It may include a primary converter circuit, the transformer, and a secondary converter circuit. The primary converter circuit and the secondary converter circuit may be isolated from each other.
- a PWM controller may be combined with the plurality of DCDC converters.
- the PWM controller is a PWM controller combined with a first channel DCDC converter 411, a second channel DCDC converter 412, a third channel DCDC converter 413, and a fourth channel DCDC converter 414 ( 430) may be included.
- the plurality of DCDC converters may be connected in parallel with the PWM controller 430.
- the PWM controller 430 may provide a PWM control signal to each of the plurality of DCDC converters.
- the PWM control signal may be applied as a gate voltage to transistors (eg, FETs) of each channel DCDC converter.
- the PWM controller 430 may include a control circuit (eg, integrated circuit, IC) for interleaving multiple channels.
- the PWM controller 430 may generate a PWM control signal for controlling the output voltage to each channel DCDC converter.
- the PWM controller 430 may receive an input for a reference voltage and an input for the current voltage of the PA (320).
- the reference voltage refers to the target voltage to be provided by the power supply circuit.
- the PWM controller 430 may generate PWM control signals having parameters (eg, amplitude, period) determined based on the reference voltage and the current voltage of the PA 320.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of pulse width modulation (PWM) for each channel of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the power supply circuit including the multiple parallel resonant converter can generate a first PWM control signal 501 for a first channel DCDC converter (e.g., first channel DCDC converter 411). there is.
- the power supply circuit may generate a second PWM control signal 502 for a second channel DCDC converter (e.g., second channel DCDC converter 412).
- the power supply circuit may generate a third PWM control signal 503 for a third channel DCDC converter (eg, third channel DCDC converter 413).
- the power supply circuit may generate a fourth PWM control signal 504 for a fourth channel DCDC converter (eg, fourth channel DCDC converter 414).
- the power supply circuit may generate a first PWM control signal 501 in a default (i.e., 0 degree) state. Pulses of the first PWM control signal 501 may be generated from time t 0 to time t 1 . The length of the pulse of the first PWM control signal 501 may correspond to 1/4 of the one cycle.
- the power supply circuit may generate a second PWM control signal 502 whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees from the first PWM control signal 501.
- Pulses of the second PWM control signal 502 may be generated from time t 1 to time t 2 .
- the length of the pulse of the second PWM control signal 502 may correspond to 1/4 of the one period.
- the power supply circuit may generate a third PWM control signal 503 whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees from the second PWM control signal 502. Pulses of the third PWM control signal 503 may be generated from time t 2 to time t 3 .
- the length of the pulse of the third PWM control signal 503 may correspond to 1/4 of the one cycle.
- the power supply circuit may generate a fourth PWM control signal 504 whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees from the third PWM control signal 503.
- Pulses of the fourth PWM control signal 504 may be generated from time t 3 to time t 4 .
- the length of the pulse of the fourth PWM control signal 504 may correspond to 1/4 of the one cycle. Pulses generated during one cycle from the time point (t 0 ) to the time point (t 4 ) may be repeated in the next cycle (e.g., the cycle from the time point (t 4 ) to the time point (t 8 ).
- PWM control signals for each of the four channels are described in FIG. 5, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
- PWM control signals that move sequentially by degrees may be used.
- the phase of the six aligned PWM control signals may be sequentially shifted by 60 degrees.
- eight PWM control signals can be used. When the eight PWM control signals are aligned, the phase of the eight aligned PWM control signals may be sequentially shifted by 45 degrees.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example PWM controller of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- a power supply circuit (e.g., a first power supply circuit (330-a), a second power supply circuit (330-b), a third power supply circuit (330-c), and a fourth power supply.
- Circuit 330-d, or fifth power supply circuit 350) may include a PWM controller (eg, PWM controller 430).
- PWM controller 430 may obtain input voltage 640.
- the input voltage 640 may refer to a voltage (hereinafter referred to as current voltage) currently supplied to a power amplifier (e.g., PA 310).
- the PWM controller 430 may obtain a reference voltage 650.
- the reference voltage 650 refers to the target voltage to be provided by the power supply circuit.
- the PWM controller 430 may receive information about the reference voltage 650 required by the PA 320 for each RF output symbol from a DPD circuit (e.g., DPD circuit 425). .
- the reference voltage 650 refers to the target value of the drain voltage to be supplied to the power amplifier (eg, PA 320).
- the PWM controller 430 may generate PWM control signals based on the difference between the input voltage 640 and the reference voltage 650.
- the difference between the input voltage 640 and the reference voltage 650 may be provided to an individual amplification circuit through a proportional-integral (PI) control circuit 655.
- the individual amplification circuit can be used to generate a PWM control signal for the gate voltage of each channel DCDC converter.
- the PWM controller 430 may provide the difference between the input voltage 640 and the reference voltage 650 to a separate amplifier circuit to generate a PWM control signal.
- the individual amplification circuit may include a power supply, amplifier, logic gate, and RC circuit.
- the PWM controller 430 may generate a PWM control signal for each of a plurality of DCDC converters.
- the plurality of DCDC converters may include a first channel DCDC converter 411, a second channel DCDC converter 412, a third channel DCDC converter 413, and a fourth channel DCDC converter 414. You can.
- the PWM controller 430 may generate PWM control signals by generating a duty cycle with a constant control gain.
- the PWM controller 430 may provide a PWM control signal for the DCDC converter of each channel.
- the PWM controller 430 may perform a phase shift for at least some of the plurality of DCDC converters to cover one period (eg, 360 degrees). For example, there may be X number of DCDC converters.
- the PWM controller 430 It is possible to generate PWM control signals that move sequentially by degrees. For example, for four DCDC converters, PWM controller 430 may generate PWM control signals whose phase is sequentially shifted by 90 degrees.
- source power providing different phase conversions may be input to individual amplifiers.
- PWM controller 430 may include first source 605a.
- the first source 605a may provide power with a phase of 0 degrees to the first amplifier.
- the output of the first amplifier may be provided to the first gate 610a through a logic gate and an RC circuit. That is, a first PWM control signal (eg, first PWM control signal 501) may be applied to the first gate 610a.
- PWM controller 430 may include a second source 605b.
- the second source 605b may provide power having a phase of 90 degrees to the second amplifier.
- the output of the second amplifier may be provided to the second gate 610b through a logic gate and an RC circuit. That is, a second PWM control signal (eg, second PWM control signal 502) may be applied to the second gate 610b.
- PWM controller 430 may include a third source 605c.
- the third source 605c may provide power with a phase of 180 degrees to the third amplifier.
- the output of the third amplifier may be provided to the third gate 610c through a logic gate and an RC circuit.
- a third PWM control signal (eg, third PWM control signal 503) may be applied to the third gate 610c.
- PWM controller 430 may include a fourth source 605d.
- the fourth source 605d may provide power with a phase of 270 degrees to the fourth amplifier.
- the output of the fourth amplifier may be provided to the fourth gate 610d through a logic gate and an RC circuit. That is, a fourth PWM control signal (eg, fourth PWM control signal 504) may be applied to the fourth gate 610d.
- the secondary stage circuit (eg, resonant converter circuit) of each channel DCDC converter of the plurality of DCDC converters may include a synchronous rectifier.
- a separate gate voltage may be required.
- the output of the first gate 610a may be provided to the first gate_SR 620a through a logic gate and an RC circuit.
- the output of the first gate_SR (620a) can be used to activate the synchronous rectifier (eg, MOS_SR in FIG. 7B) of the first channel DCDC converter 411.
- the output of the second gate 610b may be provided to the second gate_SR 620b through a logic gate and an RC circuit.
- the output of the second gate_SR (620b) can be used to activate the synchronous rectifier of the second channel DCDC converter (412). Additionally, the output of the third gate 610c may be provided to the third gate_SR 630c through a logic gate and an RC circuit. The output of the third gate_SR (630c) can be used to activate the synchronous rectifier of the third channel DCDC converter (413). Additionally, the output of the fourth gate 610d may be provided to the fourth gate_SR 620d through a logic gate and an RC circuit. The output of the fourth gate_SR (620d) can be used to activate the synchronous rectifier of the fourth channel DCDC converter (414).
- FIGS. 7A and 7B show an example of a DCDC converter circuit for each channel of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- the DCDC converter circuit depicted in FIGS. 7A to 7B includes the first channel DCDC converter 411, the second channel DCDC converter 412, the third channel DCDC converter 413, and the fourth channel DCDC converter 414 of FIG. 4. ) exemplifies one of the following.
- the DCDC converter circuit may include a primary stage circuit (circuit including an input stage) and a secondary stage circuit (circuit including an output stage) that are isolated through a transformer 730.
- the DCDC converter circuit may include a forward converter in which power is directly transferred to the secondary circuit when the primary circuit is switched on.
- both the first circuit and the second circuit may include a resonance circuit to reduce switching losses through zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
- the DCDC converter may include a primary active clamping circuit 720 at the primary stage with respect to the transformer.
- the DCDC converter may include a secondary resonance converter circuit 740 in the secondary stage based on the transformer.
- the DCDC converter circuit may include a primary active clamping circuit 720, a transformer 730, and a secondary resonant converter circuit 740.
- the primary active clamping circuit 720 and the secondary resonant converter circuit 740 may be insulated from each other through the transformer 730.
- primary active clamping circuit 720 may receive input 710.
- Input 710 may include a PWM control signal provided from a PWM controller (e.g., PWM controller 430).
- the input 710 may include a gate signal for driving each of the first control FET (or main FET) and clamp FET of the primary active clamping circuit 720.
- the first control FET (or main FET) and clamp FET may be driven.
- the primary active clamping circuit 720 may transfer the voltage generated based on the input 710 and the reference voltage to the secondary stage of the transformer 730.
- the primary active clamping circuit 720 may include the first control FET.
- the primary active clamping circuit 720 may include a first resonance capacitor. Through the first resonant capacitor of the primary active clamping circuit 720, the source-drain voltage (V ds ) of the first control FET can operate even at 0 voltage. Due to operation at zero voltage, switching losses can be reduced.
- secondary resonant converter circuit 740 may provide output 760.
- Output 760 may include a drain voltage to be supplied to a power amplifier (e.g., PA 320).
- the secondary resonant converter circuit 740 may include a second control FET.
- the secondary resonant converter circuit 740 may include a turn-on delay circuit for the second control FET.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may include a resonance circuit.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may include a second resonance capacitor for resonance with the leakage inductor by the transformer 730.
- the secondary resonant converter circuit 740 includes a diode for suppressing spikes in the source-drain voltage (V ds ) of the first control FET and regenerating the reverse current of the transformer 730 to the output. (hereinafter referred to as a regenerative diode) may be included.
- regeneration means that when the current provided from the transformer 730 to the secondary side (e.g., secondary resonance converter circuit 740) is cut off, the remaining energy is not consumed in the circuit and the output (e.g., secondary resonance converter circuit 740) is not consumed. It refers to a technology that regenerates to the circuit 740) or input (primary active clamping circuit 720).
- switching loss of the second control FET can be reduced. Additionally, when switching the FET quickly to quickly respond to the drain voltage of the PA 320, switching loss proportional to the switching frequency may be reduced due to the regenerative diode and the second resonance capacitor. Reduced switching losses can increase the efficiency of the DCDC converter and reduce the heat generation of the FET.
- FIG. 7B an example detailed circuit diagram of a DCDC converter including a primary active clamping circuit 720, a transformer 730, and a secondary resonant converter circuit 740 is depicted.
- a reference voltage (eg, 48V) provider and a primary active clamping circuit 720 may be disposed in the primary stage based on the transformer 730.
- a PWM control signal may be applied to the primary active clamping circuit 720 through the gate (eg, first gate 610a) depicted in FIG. 6.
- the gate eg, first gate 610a
- the components for the first channel DCDC converter 411 e.g., the first PWM control signal 501, the first gate 610a, and the first gate_SR (620a)
- the descriptions in FIG. 7b can be applied to other channel DCDC converters (e.g., the second channel DCDC converter 412, the third channel DCDC converter 413, and the fourth channel DCDC converter 414). You can.
- the output of the first gate 610a may be input to the primary active clamping circuit 720.
- the forward converter generates a voltage spike on both ends of the switch due to the energy stored in the leakage inductance or magnetizing inductance of the transformer 730, resulting in not only power loss but also damage to the switch. Excessive voltage stress is applied.
- the primary active clamping circuit 720 may be used to form a discharge path for energy stored in leakage inductance or magnetization inductance to suppress the voltage stress.
- the first active clamping circuit 720 drives the clamp FET when the first control FET (Main FET) is blocked to prevent loss of the switching element due to energy stored in leakage inductance or magnetization inductance and to improve power conversion efficiency by recycling energy. can be increased.
- zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the first control FET and clamp FET is possible, thereby reducing switching loss, increasing efficiency, and reducing switching heat generation. You can.
- the output of the first gate 610a may be input to the secondary resonance converter circuit 740.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may include a delay circuit for the second control FET (MOS_Ctrl).
- the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may include a resonance circuit.
- the resonance circuit may include a resonance capacitor 743 to create resonance with the leakage inductance caused by the secondary inductor 731 of the transformer 730. Through the delay circuit for the second control FET and the resonance circuit by the second resonance capacitor 743, the switching loss of the second control FET can be reduced.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may include a regenerative diode 741 for regenerative current provided from the transformer 730 to the output terminal (V_out).
- the regenerative diode 741 can clamp the spike voltage (Vds) generated when the second control FET is turned off and regenerate the reverse current of the transformer 730 to the output. Additionally, the output of the first gate_SR (620a) may be applied to a synchronous rectifier (MOS_SR). Through a synchronous rectifier, efficiency can be improved through a voltage drop of the second control FET (MOS_Ctrl). According to one embodiment, the voltage (V_out) of the output terminal of the secondary resonance converter circuit 740 may be provided as the drain voltage (PA_Drain) of the PA (320).
- one DCDC converter circuit is described, but as shown in FIG. 4, a first channel DCDC converter 411, a second channel DCDC converter 412, a third channel DCDC converter 413, and fourth channel DCDC converters 414 may be connected in parallel.
- PWM control signals e.g., the output of the first gate 610a in FIG. 6, the output of the second gate 610b, and the third gate
- the DCDC converter of each channel can operate with the phase interleaved by 90 degrees.
- the DCDC converter of each channel can provide fast response performance through high-speed switching. By changing the PWM every 90 degrees, the ripple of the output voltage can be reduced and the control response speed can be faster.
- the PWM controller 430 includes a plurality of DCDC converters (e.g., a first channel DCDC converter 411, a second channel DCDC converter 412, a third channel DCDC converter 413, and a fourth The channel DCDC converter 414) can be controlled.
- PWM control signals that are outputs of the PWM controller 430 (e.g., the output of the first gate 610a, the output of the second gate 610b, the output of the third gate 610c, and the fourth gate 610d in FIG. 6 ), each of which can be used to drive the control FET of the corresponding DCDC converter.
- the power supply device can supply the drain voltage of all steps to the PA 320 at high speed.
- the input current can be small.
- the size of the line filter can be reduced.
- the secondary stage circuit e.g., secondary resonance converter circuit 740
- the size of the LC filter which is a ripple filter of the output stage, may be reduced.
- multiple DCDC converters are arranged in parallel, the current provided to each channel DCDC converter is supplied in parallel, and IR loss is greatly reduced. This reduces component size, allowing the power supply to be placed adjacent to the PA 320 and increasing efficiency.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of response speed of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- the graph 801 shows the power supply (e.g., 1 power supply circuit 330-a, 2nd power supply circuit 330-b, and 3rd power supply circuit 330-c) over time. ), and the output voltage of the fourth power supply circuit 330-d, or the fifth power supply device 350).
- the horizontal axis of the graph 801 represents time (unit: seconds), and the vertical axis of the graph 803 represents voltage (unit: V (volt)).
- Graph 803 shows the reference voltage over time.
- the horizontal axis of the graph 803 represents time (unit: seconds), and the vertical axis of the graph 803 represents voltage (unit: V).
- the reference voltage may be changed according to one embodiment.
- the reference voltage can be changed from about 36V to about 48V.
- the output voltage of the power supply may change.
- the output of the power supply can be varied from about 36V to about 48V.
- the time at which the output of the power supply changes from about 36V to about 48V, that is, the time from the previous value of the reference voltage to the current value, may be referred to as follow-up time 810.
- a shorter tracking time may mean a faster tracking speed.
- the tracking time 810 may be approximately 200 nanoseconds (ns).
- the tracking time 810 of a power supply device including a multi-parallel resonant converter according to embodiments may be shorter than about 100 us (microseconds), which is the tracking time of a conventional method such as a multi-step tracking method. That is, the tracking speed of a power supply device including a multi-parallel resonant converter according to embodiments may be faster than the tracking speed of a conventional method such as the multi-step tracking method.
- the power amplifier e.g., PA 320
- drain voltages for all stages can be supplied.
- FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C are diagrams for explaining the performance of a multi-parallel resonant converter according to one or more embodiments.
- graph 901 represents the input current of a single-channel converter
- graph 903 represents the input current of a multi-parallel resonant converter
- the horizontal axis of the graph 901 represents time, and the vertical axis represents current (unit: A (ampere)).
- the horizontal axis of the graph 903 represents time, and the vertical axis represents current (unit: A).
- the input current of the single channel converter has a swing range from about +25mA (milliampere) to -25mA. In other words, the input current ripple of the single channel converter is about 50mA.
- the input current of the multi-parallel resonant converter may have a swing range ranging from about +4mA to -4mA.
- the input current ripple of the multi-parallel resonant converter is about 8mA.
- the ripple of the input current using the multi-parallel resonant converter is reduced.
- the size of the EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility) filter can also be designed to be relatively small and noise can be reduced.
- graph 931 represents the source-drain voltage of a single-channel converter
- graph 933 represents the source-drain voltage of a multi-parallel resonant converter (in other words, the Vds of the FET of the primary active clamping circuit). indicates.
- the horizontal axis of the graph 931 represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage (unit: V).
- the horizontal axis of the graph 933 represents time, and the vertical axis represents current (unit: A).
- the source-drain voltage of the single-channel converter is approximately 150V.
- the source-drain voltage of the multi-parallel resonant converter is approximately 85V.
- the graph 961 represents the output voltage of the single-channel converter
- the graph 963 represents the output voltage of the multi-parallel resonant converter (in other words, the secondary resonant converter circuit 740).
- the horizontal axis of the graph 963 represents time, and the vertical axis represents current (unit: A).
- the output voltage of the single channel converter has a ripple size of about 25mV.
- the output voltage of the multi-parallel resonant converter has a ripple size of about 10 mV.
- the drain voltage of all steps can be supplied at high speeds of 500 ns or less (e.g., 200 ns or less). Since each secondary output stage also uses a resonant converter, the size of the LC filter, which is the ripple filter of the output stage, can be reduced. Because the four DCDC converters are placed in parallel, each current is supplied in parallel, greatly reducing IR losses (losses proportional to the square of the current). In addition, since the size of the components of the power supply device can be miniaturized, it is possible to place the power source of the power amplifier, which is very advantageous in terms of PI (Power integration) design.
- the power supply device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce spatial constraints of the power supply device and reduce EMI by interleaving a plurality of DCDC converters arranged in parallel.
- the power supply circuit includes a plurality of direct current (DCDC) converter circuits; and a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller operatively connected to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain the current voltage of a power amplifier (PA).
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain a reference voltage for the PA.
- the PWM controller may be configured to generate PWM control signals for the plurality of DCDC converter circuits based on the difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage.
- the PWM controller may be configured to provide the PWM control signals to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- Each DCDC converter circuit of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits includes a transformer, a primary active clamping circuit connected to the primary end of the transformer, and a secondary end of the transformer. end) may include a secondary resonance converter circuit connected to the end).
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a diode configured to provide a regeneration current from the secondary terminal of the transformer to an output terminal of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a resonance circuit for resonance with leakage inductance caused by the inductor of the secondary stage of the transformer.
- the resonance circuit may include a resonance capacitor.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a second field effect transistor (FET) and a delay circuit configured to delay turn-on of the second FET.
- FET field effect transistor
- the secondary resonant converter circuit may include a synchronous rectifier between the circuit and the resonant capacitor.
- the diode may be configured to clamp the spike voltage that occurs when the second FET is turned off.
- the diode may be configured to pass the regenerative current generated from the secondary stage of the transformer to the output stage of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- the synchronous rectifier may include a transistor configured to operate based on a synchronous rectifier (SR) control signal.
- the SR control signal may be generated based on a PWM control signal for a DCDC converter circuit.
- the DCDC converter may include the synchronous rectifier.
- the primary active clamping circuit may include a first field effect transistor (FET) and a clamp field effect transistor (FET) for zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
- the first FET may be configured to operate based on a PWM control signal.
- the clamp FET may be configured to operate based on the inverse signal of the PWM control signal.
- one control signal among the PWM control signals may be activated.
- the output of the DCDC converter circuit corresponding to the one control signal may be provided to the power amplifier as a drain voltage.
- the plurality of DCDC converter circuits may be connected in parallel to the PWM controller. Duty cycles of the PWM control signals may be the same. The size of the duty cycle may be related to the number of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM control signals may have different phases.
- the phase difference between two adjacent PWM control signals may be related to the number of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- an electronic device includes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) including a digital predistortion (DPD) circuit, a power amplifier (PA), a plurality of direct current direct current (DCDC) converter circuits, and It may include a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller operatively connected to the FPGA, the power amplifier, and the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain the current voltage of the power amplifier.
- the PWM controller may be configured to obtain a reference voltage for the power amplifier from the DPD circuit.
- the PWM controller may be configured to generate PWM control signals for the plurality of DCDC converter circuits based on the difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage.
- the PWM controller may be configured to provide the PWM control signals to the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- Each DCDC converter circuit of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits includes a transformer, a primary active clamping circuit connected to the primary end of the transformer, and a secondary end of the transformer. end) may include a secondary resonance converter circuit connected to the end).
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a diode configured to provide a regeneration current from the secondary terminal of the transformer to an output terminal of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a resonance circuit for resonance with leakage inductance caused by the inductor of the secondary stage of the transformer.
- the resonance circuit may include a resonance capacitor.
- the secondary resonance converter circuit may include a second field effect transistor (FET) and a delay circuit configured to delay turn-on of the second FET.
- FET field effect transistor
- the secondary resonant converter circuit may include a synchronous rectifier.
- the synchronous rectifier may be disposed between the delay circuit and the resonance capacitor.
- the diode may be configured to clamp the spike voltage that occurs when the second FET is turned off.
- the diode may be configured to pass the regenerative current generated from the secondary stage of the transformer to the output stage of the secondary resonance converter circuit.
- the synchronous rectifier may include a transistor that operates according to a synchronous rectifier (SR) control signal.
- the SR control signal may be generated based on a PWM control signal for a DCDC converter circuit including the synchronous rectifier.
- the primary active clamping circuit may include a first field effect transistor (FET) and a clamp field effect transistor (FET) for zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
- the first FET may operate according to a PWM control signal.
- the clamp FET may operate according to the inverse signal of the PWM control signal.
- one control signal among the PWM control signals may be activated.
- the output of the DCDC converter circuit corresponding to the one control signal may be provided to the PA as a drain voltage.
- the plurality of DCDC converter circuits may be connected in parallel to the PWM controller.
- the PWM control signals may have the same duty cycle.
- the size of the duty cycle may be related to the number of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- the PWM control signals may have different phases.
- the phase difference between two adjacent PWM control signals may be related to the number of the plurality of DCDC converter circuits.
- a computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs (software modules) may be provided.
- One or more programs stored in a computer-readable storage medium are configured to be executable by one or more processors in an electronic device (configured for execution).
- One or more programs include instructions that cause the electronic device to execute methods according to embodiments described in the claims or specification of the present disclosure.
- These programs may include random access memory, non-volatile memory, including flash memory, read only memory (ROM), and electrically erasable programmable ROM. (electrically erasable programmable read only memory, EEPROM), magnetic disc storage device, compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVDs), or other types of disk storage. It can be stored in an optical storage device or magnetic cassette. Alternatively, it may be stored in a memory consisting of a combination of some or all of these. Additionally, multiple configuration memories may be included.
- non-volatile memory including flash memory, read only memory (ROM), and electrically erasable programmable ROM. (electrically erasable programmable read only memory, EEPROM), magnetic disc storage device, compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVDs), or other types of disk storage. It can be stored in an optical storage device or magnetic cassette. Alternatively, it may be stored in a memory consisting of a combination of some or all of these. Additionally, multiple configuration memories may
- the program may be distributed through a communication network such as the Internet, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. It may be stored on an attachable storage device that is accessible. This storage device can be connected to a device performing an embodiment of the present disclosure through an external port. Additionally, a separate storage device on a communications network may be connected to the device performing embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a communication network such as the Internet, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. It may be stored on an attachable storage device that is accessible. This storage device can be connected to a device performing an embodiment of the present disclosure through an external port. Additionally, a separate storage device on a communications network may be connected to the device performing embodiments of the present disclosure.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 전원 공급 회로에 있어서,복수의 DCDC(direct current direct current) 컨버터 회로들; 및상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들과 작동적으로(operatively) 연결되는 PWM(pulse width modulation) 제어기(controller)를 포함하고,상기 PWM 제어기는,전력 증폭기(power amplifier)의 현재 전압을 획득하고,상기 전력 증폭기를 위한 기준 전압을 획득하고,상기 현재 전압 및 상기 기준 전압의 차이에 기반하여, 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들을 위한 PWM 제어 신호들을 생성하고,상기 PWM 제어 신호들을 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들에게 제공하도록 구성되고,상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들의 각 DCDC 컨버터 회로는, 변압기(transformer), 상기 변압기의 1차 단(primary end)에 연결되는 1차 액티브 클램핑(active clamping) 회로, 및 상기 변압기의 2차 단(secondary end)에 연결되는 2차 공진 컨버터 회로를 포함하고,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는, 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단으로부터 상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로의 출력 단으로의 회생(regeneration) 전류를 제공하도록 구성되는 다이오드(diode)를 포함하는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단의 인덕터에 의한 누설 인덕턴스와의 공진을 위한 공진 회로를 포함하고,상기 공진 회로는 공진 캐패시터(resonance capacitor)를 포함하는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 2에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 제2 FET(Field Effect Transistor) 및 상기 제2 FET의 턴-온을 지연하도록 구성되는 지연 회로를 포함하는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 상기 지연 회로 및 상기 공진 캐패시터 사이의 동기 정류기(synchronous rectifier)를 더 포함하는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 다이오드는, 상기 제2 FET가 오프되는 경우, 발생하는 스파이크 전압을 클램프하도록 구성되고,상기 다이오드는, 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단에서 상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로의 상기 출력 단으로 발생하는 상기 회생 전류를 통과시키도록 추가적으로 구성되는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 동기 정류기는 SR(synchronous rectifier) 제어 신호에 기반하여 동작하도록 구성되는 트랜지스터(transistor)를 더 포함하고,상기 SR 제어 신호는, DCDC 컨버터 회로를 위한 PWM 제어 신호에 기반하여 생성되고,상기 DCDC 컨버터는 상기 동기 정류기를 포함하는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 1차 액티브 클램핑 회로는, 영전압 스위칭(zero-voltage switching, ZVS)을 위한, 제1 FET(Field Effect Transistor) 및 클램프 FET(Field Effect Transistor)를 포함하고,상기 제1 FET는 PWM 제어 신호에 기반하여 동작하도록 구성되고,상기 클램프 FET는 상기 PWM 제어 신호의 역 신호에 기반하여 동작하도록 구성되는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,한 주기 내에서, 상기 PWM 제어 신호들 중에서 하나의 제어 신호가 활성화되고,상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들 중에서, 상기 하나의 제어 신호에 대응하는 DCDC 컨버터 회로의 출력은 상기 전력 증폭기에, 드레인 전압으로서 제공되는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들은 상기 PWM 제어기에 병렬로 연결되고,상기 PWM 제어 신호들의 듀티 사이클들(duty cycles)은 동일하고,상기 듀티 사이클의 크기는, 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들의 개수와 관련되는,전원 공급 회로.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 PWM 제어 신호들은 서로 다른 위상들을 갖고,한 주기 내에서 상기 PWM 제어 신호들의 위상들이 순차적으로 정렬되는 때, 인접한 두 PWM 제어 신호들의 위상 차이는, 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들의 개수와 관련되는,전원 공급 회로.
- 전자 장치에 있어서,DPD(digital predistortion) 회로를 포함하는 FPGA(field Programmable Gate Array);전력 증폭기(power amplifier, PA);복수의 DCDC(direct current direct current) 컨버터 회로들; 및상기 FPGA, 상기 전력 증폭기, 및 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들과 작동적으로(operatively) 연결되는, PWM(pulse width modulation) 제어기(controller)를 포함하고,상기 PWM 제어기는,상기 전력 증폭기의 현재 전압을 획득하고,상기 DPD 회로로부터 상기 전력 증폭기를 위한 기준 전압을 획득하고,상기 현재 전압 및 상기 기준 전압의 차이에 기반하여, 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들을 위한 PWM 제어 신호들을 생성하고,상기 PWM 제어 신호들을 상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들에게 제공하도록 구성되고,상기 복수의 DCDC 컨버터 회로들의 각 DCDC 컨버터 회로는, 변압기(transformer), 상기 변압기의 1차 단(primary end)에 연결되는 1차 액티브 클램핑(active clamping) 회로, 및 상기 변압기의 2차 단(secondary end)에 연결되는 2차 공진 컨버터 회로를 포함하고,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는, 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단으로부터 상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로의 출력 단으로의 회생(regeneration) 전류를 제공하도록 구성되는 다이오드(diode)를 포함하는,전자 장치.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단의 인덕터에 의한 누설 인덕턴스와의 공진을 위한 공진 회로를 포함하고,상기 공진 회로는 공진 캐패시터(resonance capacitor)를 포함하는,전자 장치.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 제2 FET(Field Effect Transistor) 및 상기 제2 FET의 턴-온을 지연하도록 구성되는 지연 회로를 포함하고,전자 장치.
- 청구항 13에 있어서,상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로는 상기 지연 회로 및 상기 공진 캐패시터 사이의 동기 정류기(synchronous rectifier)를 더 포함하는,전자 장치.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 다이오드는, 상기 제2 FET가 오프되는 경우, 발생하는 스파이크 전압을 클램프하도록 구성되고,상기 다이오드는, 상기 변압기의 상기 2차 단에서 상기 2차 공진 컨버터 회로의 상기 출력 단으로 발생하는 상기 회생 전류를 통과시키도록 추가적으로 구성되는,전자 장치.
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JP2009290932A (ja) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-10 | Toyota Industries Corp | スイッチング電源装置 |
KR20100025977A (ko) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-10 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 높은 승압비를 갖는 고효율 직류변환기 |
JP2013005691A (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-01-07 | Nec Casio Mobile Communications Ltd | Dc−dcコンバータ及び電源電圧制御方法 |
JP2015146711A (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-13 | リコー電子デバイス株式会社 | マルチフェーズ型dc/dcコンバータ |
KR20220001308A (ko) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전원 변조기 및 이를 포함하는 무선 통신 장치 |
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JP2009290932A (ja) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-10 | Toyota Industries Corp | スイッチング電源装置 |
KR20100025977A (ko) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-10 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 높은 승압비를 갖는 고효율 직류변환기 |
JP2013005691A (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-01-07 | Nec Casio Mobile Communications Ltd | Dc−dcコンバータ及び電源電圧制御方法 |
JP2015146711A (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-13 | リコー電子デバイス株式会社 | マルチフェーズ型dc/dcコンバータ |
KR20220001308A (ko) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전원 변조기 및 이를 포함하는 무선 통신 장치 |
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