WO2024085583A1 - 이차 전지 - Google Patents
이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024085583A1 WO2024085583A1 PCT/KR2023/015995 KR2023015995W WO2024085583A1 WO 2024085583 A1 WO2024085583 A1 WO 2024085583A1 KR 2023015995 W KR2023015995 W KR 2023015995W WO 2024085583 A1 WO2024085583 A1 WO 2024085583A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- positive electrode
- negative electrode
- material layer
- secondary battery
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to secondary batteries.
- Secondary batteries which are easy to apply depending on the product group and have electrical characteristics such as high energy density, are used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EV, Electric Vehicle) and hybrid vehicles (HEV, Hybrid Electric Vehicle) that are driven by an electrical drive source. It is universally applied.
- EV Electric Vehicle
- HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
- a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. Additionally, an active material layer containing a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively, may be formed on the current collector of the positive and negative electrodes.
- lithium-containing metal oxides such as LiCoO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 are used as positive electrode active materials for the positive electrode, and carbon-based compounds, silicon-based compounds, and mixtures thereof are used as negative electrode active materials for the negative electrode.
- the present invention includes SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide in the negative electrode active material layer and reduces the intervention of silicon-based compounds (SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide) at the discharge end, thereby improving battery life and room temperature cycle characteristics.
- the object is to provide an improved secondary battery.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer includes SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material. It includes a positive electrode active material layer, wherein the positive electrode active material layer is a small particle active material having an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m
- D 50 average particle diameter
- a secondary battery is provided that includes an active material, and the positive electrode active material layer has a porosity of 19% to 23%.
- the secondary battery of the present invention includes SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide in the negative electrode active material layer, and a small particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and an average particle diameter (D 50 ) in the positive electrode active material layer.
- D 50 average particle diameter
- the voltage of the secondary battery is determined by the difference between the anode voltage and the cathode voltage.
- a single-particle nickel-based active material with a high nickel content is used in the positive electrode active material layer, and SiO2 is used in the negative electrode active material layer to enable rapid charging.
- SiO2 is used in the negative electrode active material layer to enable rapid charging.
- a silicon-based compound such as ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide is included, the cathode voltage rises rapidly at the discharge end, causing the silicon-based compound (SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide) contained in the anode active material layer to decrease.
- the use increases excessively (increasing the depth of use), resulting in a decrease in battery life performance.
- Figure 1 is a diagram measuring cycle life characteristics of lithium secondary batteries manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 by performing 0.33C charging and 0.5C discharging at room temperature.
- Figure 2 is a diagram showing the voltage curve of the three-electrode system secondary battery manufactured in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 during a discharge situation.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing the results of measuring cycle life characteristics of lithium secondary batteries manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3.
- the crystallinity of the structure contained in the active material of the positive or negative electrode can be confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis, and the X-ray diffraction analysis is performed using an It can be performed using a bruker), and in addition to the above devices, devices used in the industry can be appropriately employed.
- the presence or absence of elements and the content of elements in the active material of the positive or negative electrode can be confirmed through ICP analysis, and the ICP analysis can be performed using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICPAES, Perkin-Elmer 7300). there is.
- ICPAES inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer
- discharge end refers to the area where the SOC (states of charge) of the battery (full cell) is 10% or less.
- average particle size (D 50 ) can be defined as the particle size corresponding to 50% of the volume accumulation in the particle size distribution curve.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) can be measured using a laser diffraction method.
- the method for measuring the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the positive electrode active material is to disperse the particles of the positive electrode active material in a dispersion medium and then introduce them into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (e.g., HORIBA LA-960). After irradiating ultrasonic waves at about 28 kHz with an output of 60 W, the average particle diameter (D 50 ) corresponding to 50% of the volume accumulation in the measuring device can be calculated.
- single particle is a concept in contrast to secondary particles formed by agglomeration of tens to hundreds of primary particles, and means composed of 10 or less primary particles.
- a single particle may be a single particle composed of one primary particle, or may be a particle in which several primary particles are aggregated.
- primary particle refers to the minimum unit of particle recognized when observing an active material through a scanning electron microscope
- secondary particle refers to a secondary structure formed by agglomerating tens to hundreds of primary particles. do.
- particles refer to micro-scale grains, and when observed enlarged, they can be distinguished as ‘grains’ that have a crystal form of tens of nanoscale. If you observe this at greater magnification, you can see distinct areas where atoms form a lattice structure with a certain direction, and these are called 'crystal grains'.
- the size of the particles observed in XRD is defined as the grain size. The grain size can be quantitatively obtained through the Scherrer equation using XRD data.
- the secondary battery of the present invention is a secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer includes SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer includes a small particle active material having an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and a large particle active material having an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode active material layer contains SiO Because it decreases significantly, the difference between cathode resistance and anode resistance becomes very large. Accordingly, there is a problem that the deterioration of the cathode progresses rapidly, shortening the life of the battery and deteriorating room temperature cycle characteristics.
- a small particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and an opposing active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m are included in the positive electrode active material layer to achieve a rapid decrease in positive electrode resistance. By reducing this, a battery with improved lifespan and room temperature cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- the positive electrode of the present invention includes a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer includes a small particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and a large particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m. and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer is 19% to 23%.
- the positive electrode active material layer includes a small particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m and a large particle active material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m,
- the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer is 19% to 23%.
- the small particle active material and the large particle active material each contain 80 mol% or more of nickel based on the total number of moles of transition metals excluding lithium.
- the weight ratio of the small particle active material and the large particle active material is 2:8 to 8:2.
- the content of the antipolymer active material satisfies the above range, it has the effect of increasing the anode resistance at the discharge end, and when it is out of the above range, it is difficult to control the porosity to an appropriate range due to the antipode breaking.
- the small particle active material has a single particle form.
- the small particle active material has the form of a single particle in which one or several primary particles are aggregated.
- the major active material has a secondary form.
- the positive electrode may further include a positive electrode current collector in addition to the positive electrode active material layer described above.
- the positive electrode active material layer is formed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it is conductive without causing chemical changes in the battery, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, or carbon on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , surface treated with nickel, titanium, silver, etc. can be used.
- the positive electrode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven materials.
- the positive electrode active material layer may include the positive electrode active material described above, a positive conductive material, and a positive electrode binder.
- the anode conductive material is used to provide conductivity to the electrode, and can be used without particular restrictions in the battery being constructed as long as it does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite; Carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, and carbon fiber; Metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; Conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Alternatively, conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used, and one of these may be used alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the positive electrode binder serves to improve adhesion between positive electrode active material particles and adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode current collector.
- specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVdF-coHFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber ( SBR), fluorine rubber, or various copolymers thereof, and one type of these may be used alone or a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVdF-coHFP vinylidene fluoride
- the positive electrode active material layer may be formed by applying a positive electrode slurry containing the above-described small particle active material and the large active material along with a binder and/or a conductive material to at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, drying, and rolling.
- the positive electrode slurry according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a solvent for forming the positive electrode slurry.
- the solvent for forming the positive electrode slurry may include methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to facilitate dispersion of components.
- the solid content weight of the positive electrode slurry may be 20 parts by weight to 85 parts by weight, specifically 30 parts by weight to 80 parts by weight, based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode slurry.
- the porosity of the anode is 19% to 23%. If the porosity of the positive electrode is less than 19%, side reactions may occur due to cracking of the positive electrode active material, and the degree of filling may be too high to sufficiently contact the electrolyte solution, which may deteriorate the output characteristics or cycle characteristics of the battery. Conversely, if the porosity of the positive electrode exceeds 23%, there is a problem that the energy density of the battery is lowered.
- the porosity of the positive electrode can be adjusted by the presence or absence of surface modification of the positive electrode active material, the type of binder and solvent, rolling temperature and pressure, etc., in addition to the particle size of the positive electrode active material described above.
- the porosity can be calculated as (1-(rolling density/electrode true density))*100(%).
- the rolling density can be calculated as follows.
- Electrode weight excluding foil after electrode rolling (g) / electrode volume excluding foil (area of sample * electrode layer thickness, cm 3 )
- the rolling density is the density of the state after rolling the electrode and before it is put into the battery and activated (charged or discharged), so it is the density of the active material layer of the electrode used to manufacture the electrode assembly or the density of the active material layer of the electrode contained in the battery. It has the same meaning as
- the electrode volume excluding the foil refers to the total volume including pores inside the electrode, and is calculated as the product of the unit area of the sample and the thickness of the electrode layer after roll pressing.
- the electrode true density is the inherent density of the electrode active material and can be measured by XRD Rietveld refinement.
- a negative electrode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer includes SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material.
- the negative electrode may further include a negative electrode current collector in addition to the negative electrode active material layer described above.
- the negative electrode active material layer is formed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode active material layer includes the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material.
- the negative electrode active material layer may further include a binder and/or a conductive material.
- the carbon-based active material may be artificial graphite, natural graphite, carbon black, etc.
- the carbon-based active material can be used without particular limitation, and representative examples include crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a combination thereof.
- the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-shaped, flake-shaped, spherical or fibrous natural graphite and artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon). , hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, and calcined coke.
- the graphite may be natural graphite, graphite graphite, or a mixture thereof.
- the carbon-based active material may be included in an amount of 60 parts by weight or more and 99 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the total negative electrode active material included in the negative electrode active material layer.
- the negative electrode active material layer may include an active material including SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material, and the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide
- the active material included may be a silicon-based composite particle containing SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) and pores.
- the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) corresponds to a matrix within the silicon-based composite particles.
- the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) may be in a form containing Si and SiO 2 , and the Si may be in a phase. That is, the ⁇ corresponds to the number ratio of O to Si included in the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2).
- the silicon-based composite particles include the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2), the discharge capacity of the secondary battery can be improved.
- the silicon-based composite particle may further include at least one of an Mg compound and a Li compound.
- the Mg compound and Li compound may correspond to a matrix within the silicon-based composite particle.
- the Mg compound and/or Li compound may be present inside and/or on the surface of the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2).
- the initial efficiency of the battery may be improved by the Mg compound and/or Li compound.
- the Mg compound may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg silicate, Mg silicide, and Mg oxide.
- the Mg silicate may include at least one of Mg 2 SiO 4 and MgSiO 3 .
- the Mg silicide may include Mg 2 Si.
- the Mg oxide may include MgO.
- the Mg element may be included in an amount of 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight based on a total of 100% by weight of the active material containing the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide, or 0.1% by weight. It may be included in 10% by weight. Specifically, the Mg element may be included in an amount of 0.5 wt% to 8 wt% or 0.8 wt% to 4 wt%. When the above range is satisfied, the Mg compound can be included in an appropriate amount in the active material containing the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide, so the volume change of the silicon-based active material is easily suppressed during charging and discharging of the battery, and the battery The discharge capacity and initial efficiency can be improved.
- the Li compound may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Li silicate, Li silicide, and Li oxide.
- the Li silicate may include at least one of Li 2 SiO 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 and Li 2 Si 2 O 5 .
- the Li silicide may include Li 7 Si 2 .
- the Li oxide may include Li 2 O.
- the Li compound may include a lithium silicate form.
- the lithium silicate is expressed as Li a Si b O c (2 ⁇ a ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 2, 2 ⁇ c ⁇ 5), and can be divided into crystalline lithium silicate and amorphous lithium silicate.
- the crystalline lithium silicate may exist in the silicon-based composite particle in the form of at least one type of lithium silicate selected from the group consisting of Li 2 SiO 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 , and Li 2 Si 2 O 5
- the amorphous lithium silicate may be Li It may be in the form of a Si b O c (2 ⁇ a ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 2, 2 ⁇ c ⁇ 5), but is not limited to the above form.
- the Li element may be included in an amount of 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight based on a total of 100% by weight of the active material containing the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide, or 0.1% by weight. It may be included in 10% by weight. Specifically, the Li element may be included in an amount of 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, and more specifically, it may be included in an amount of 0.5% by weight to 4% by weight. When the above range is satisfied, the Li compound can be included in an appropriate amount in the silicon-based active material, so the change in volume of the negative electrode active material during charging and discharging of the battery can be easily suppressed, and the discharge capacity and initial efficiency of the battery can be improved.
- the content of the Mg element or Li element can be confirmed through ICP analysis.
- ICP analysis a certain amount (about 0.01 g) of the negative electrode active material is accurately separated, transferred to a platinum crucible, and completely decomposed on a hot plate by adding nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, and sulfuric acid. Then, using an induced plasma luminescence spectrometer (ICPAES, Perkin-Elmer 7300), the intensity of the standard solution (5 mg/kg) prepared using the standard solution (5 mg/kg) is measured at the unique wavelength of the Mg element or Li element, and a standard calibration curve is prepared. .
- ICPAES induced plasma luminescence spectrometer
- the pretreated sample solution and blank sample are introduced into the device, the intensity of each is measured to calculate the actual intensity, the concentration of each component is calculated compared to the calibration curve prepared above, and then converted so that the sum of all becomes the theoretical value.
- the Mg element or Li element content of the active material containing SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide prepared by this method can be analyzed.
- a carbon layer may be provided on the surface and/or inside the pores of the silicon-based composite particle.
- the carbon layer conductivity is imparted to the silicon-based composite particles, and the initial efficiency, lifespan characteristics, and battery capacity characteristics of a secondary battery containing a negative electrode active material containing the silicon-based composite particles can be improved.
- the total weight of the carbon layer may be 5% to 40% by weight based on a total of 100% by weight of the silicon-based composite particles.
- the carbon layer may include at least one of amorphous carbon and crystalline carbon.
- the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide is contained in an amount of 1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material. Preferably it is contained in 5 to 10 parts by weight.
- the content of the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide satisfies the above range, it has an improved effect in terms of energy density and cell resistance, and also has an excellent effect in terms of lifespan due to low volume expansion that occurs during charging/discharging. do.
- the negative electrode active material layer is formed by applying a negative electrode slurry containing the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and a carbon-based active material, a binder and/or a conductive material, to at least one side of the negative electrode current collector, drying and rolling. You can.
- the negative electrode slurry may further include an additional negative electrode active material in addition to the SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) oxide and carbon-based active material.
- the negative electrode current collector may be any conductive material without causing chemical changes in the battery, and is not particularly limited.
- the current collector may be copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. there is.
- a transition metal that adsorbs carbon well such as copper or nickel, can be used as a current collector.
- the thickness of the current collector may be 6 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, but the thickness of the current collector is not limited thereto.
- the binder is polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidenefluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate, Polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) , sulfonated EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluororubber, poly acrylic acid, and materials whose hydrogen is replaced with Li, Na, or Ca, etc. It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of , and may also include various copolymers thereof.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery.
- graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
- Carbon black such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, Paneth black, lamp black, and thermal black
- Conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber
- Conductive tubes such as carbon nanotubes
- fluorocarbon powder Metal powders such as aluminum and nickel powder
- Conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the cathode slurry may further include a thickener such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), carboxymethyl cellulose lithium (Li-CMC), and cellulose nanofiber (CNF).
- a thickener such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), carboxymethyl cellulose lithium (Li-CMC), and cellulose nanofiber (CNF).
- the negative electrode slurry according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a solvent for forming the negative electrode slurry.
- the solvent for forming the anode slurry may include at least one selected from the group consisting of distilled water, ethanol, methanol, and isopropyl alcohol, specifically, distilled water, in order to facilitate dispersion of the components.
- the solid content weight of the negative electrode slurry may be 20 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight, specifically 30 parts by weight to 70 parts by weight, based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode slurry.
- a secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. Since the positive electrode and the negative electrode have been described above, detailed descriptions are omitted.
- the separator separates the cathode from the anode and provides a passage for lithium ions. It can be used without particular restrictions as long as it is normally used as a separator in secondary batteries. In particular, it has low resistance to ion movement in the electrolyte and has an electrolyte moisturizing ability. Excellent is desirable.
- porous polymer films for example, porous polymer films made of polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or A laminated structure of two or more layers of these may be used.
- porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high melting point glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, etc.
- a coated separator containing ceramic components or polymer materials may be used to ensure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may optionally be used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- the electrolytes include, but are not limited to, organic liquid electrolytes, mechanical liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel-type polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, and molten inorganic electrolytes that can be used in the manufacture of lithium secondary batteries.
- the electrolyte may include a non-aqueous organic solvent and a metal salt.
- non-aqueous organic solvent examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, gamma-butylolactone, 1,2- Dimethoxy ethane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,3-dioxoran, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxoran, acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate , phosphoric acid triesters, trimethoxy methane, dioxoran derivatives, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazole ridinone, propylene carbonate derivatives, tetrahydrofuran derivatives, ether, methyl pyropionate.
- Aprotic organic solvents such as ethyl propionate can be
- ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate which are cyclic carbonates
- cyclic carbonates are high viscosity organic solvents and have a high dielectric constant, so they can be preferably used because they easily dissociate lithium salts.
- These cyclic carbonates include dimethyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate.
- low-viscosity, low-dielectric constant linear carbonates such as ethyl carbonate are mixed and used in an appropriate ratio, an electrolyte with high electrical conductivity can be made and can be used more preferably.
- the metal salt may be a lithium salt, and the lithium salt is a material that is easily soluble in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
- anions of the lithium salt include F - , Cl - , I - , NO 3 - , N(CN) ) 2 - , BF 4 - , ClO 4 - , PF 6 - , (CF 3 ) 2 PF 4 - , (CF 3 ) 3 PF 3 - , (CF 3 ) 4 PF 2 - , (CF 3 ) 5 PF - , (CF 3 ) 6 P - , CF 3 SO 3 - , CF 3 CF 2 SO 3 - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , CF 3 CF 2 (CF 3 ) 2 CO - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CH - , (SF 5 ) 3 C - , (CF 3 SO 2 )
- the electrolyte includes, for example, haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, and trifluoroethylene for the purpose of improving battery life characteristics, suppressing battery capacity reduction, and improving battery discharge capacity.
- One or more additives such as zolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, or aluminum trichloride may be further included.
- a battery module including the secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module and battery pack include the secondary battery with high capacity, high lifespan characteristics, and cycle characteristics, and are therefore medium-to-large devices selected from the group consisting of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and power storage systems. It can be used as a power source.
- an 87 mol% NCMA large particle cathode material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 10 ⁇ m and an 86 mol% NCM single particle cathode material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 5 ⁇ m were used in a weight ratio of 5:5.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing CNT as a conductive material, acrylate as a dispersant, and PVdF as a binder to methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent at a weight ratio of 97:1:0.4:1.6.
- the positive electrode slurry was coated/dried on one side of an aluminum current collector with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, and then rolled using a roll pressing method to produce a positive electrode with a porosity of 22% and a thickness of 125.6 ⁇ m.
- a mixture of artificial graphite, natural graphite, and SiO 70 wt%:22 wt%:8 wt%) as the negative electrode active material, carbon black and CNT as the conductive material, SBR as the binder, and CMC as the thickener in a weight ratio of 95:1:2:3 as the solvent.
- Phosphorus was added to distilled water to prepare a cathode slurry.
- the negative electrode slurry was coated on a copper current collector with a thickness of 6 ⁇ m, and drying and rolling were performed under the same conditions as the positive electrode to prepare a negative electrode.
- Tetravinylsilane, ethylene sulfate, 1,3-propenesultone, lithium difluorophosphate, etc. are added to an organic solvent mixed with ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) in a composition of 30:70 (volume ratio).
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- a non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing LiBF 4 mixed and 1.0M LiPF 6 dissolved was prepared.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured by interposing a stability-reinforced separator (SRS, 12 ⁇ m) between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and then injecting the electrolyte solution.
- SRS stability-reinforced separator
- Example 1 The anode of Example 1 was punched out to a size of 3 cm 5 O 12 )
- a lithium secondary battery having a three-electrode system was manufactured by interposing a wire-separator and injecting a diluted electrolyte solution.
- the LTO wire is manufactured by coating a copper conductor with a slurry prepared by adding LTO as an active material, carbon black as a conductive material, and PVdF as a binder to NMP as a solvent at a weight ratio of 38.2:2.7:59.1, and then drying at 130°C. This was used as a reference electrode.
- a lithium secondary battery with a positive electrode porosity of 22% was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an NCM single particle positive electrode material with an 86% Ni content and an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 5 ⁇ m was used as the positive electrode material.
- a Lithuk secondary battery with a positive electrode porosity of 22% was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2, except that an 86% NCM single particle positive electrode material with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 5 ⁇ m was used as the positive electrode material.
- Example 1 For the cathode material having the same composition as Example 1, a cathode material with a porosity of 26% was manufactured by increasing the electrode thickness to 132.2 ⁇ m after rolling in the rolling process compared to Example 1, and a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as Example 1. was manufactured.
- Figure 1 is a diagram measuring cycle life characteristics of the lithium secondary battery manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 by performing 0.33C charging and 0.5C discharging at room temperature. When charging, it started in CC mode and then changed to CV and set the cutoff at 4.2V, 0.05C. When discharging, it was set to 2.8V cutoff in CC mode. From Figure 1, it can be seen that the lifespan characteristics of the lithium secondary battery manufactured in Example 1 are improved compared to the lithium secondary battery manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- Blended cathode 5:5 represents Example 1
- Single crystalline cathode 100% represents Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 2 is a diagram showing the voltage curve in a discharge state of the three-electrode system secondary battery manufactured in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.
- the first from the left represents the voltage of the secondary battery
- the second represents the voltage of the anode
- the third represents the voltage of the cathode.
- Discharging was performed in CC mode at 0.33C up to 2.5V based on the voltage of the secondary battery. From the anode voltage curve in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the voltage of Example 2 drops more rapidly than the voltage of Comparative Example 2 at the end of discharge, and since the cathodes of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are the same, the anode of Example 2 discharges. It can be seen that there is a relatively high resistance at the end.
- Example 2 Since the voltage of a secondary battery is determined by the voltage difference between the anode and the cathode, it can be seen in Example 2 that the increase in the cathode voltage at the discharge end is suppressed due to the voltage drop of the anode, and from this, the silicon-based compound (SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) It can be seen that the depth of use of oxide) decreases.
- Blended cathode 5:5 shows Example 2
- Single crystalline cathode 100% shows Comparative Example 2.
- Figure 3 is a diagram measuring cycle life characteristics of the lithium secondary batteries manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 by performing 0.33 C charging and 0.5 C discharging at room temperature. When charging, it started in CC mode and then changed to CV and was set to cutoff at 4.2 V, 0.05 C. When discharging, CC mode was set to 2.5 V cutoff. From FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the lithium secondary battery manufactured in Comparative Example 3 had inferior lifespan characteristics compared to the lithium secondary battery manufactured in Example 1.
- Blended cathode 5:5 p22% shows Example 1
- Single crystalline cathode 100% shows Comparative Example 1
- Blended cathode 5:5 p26% shows Comparative Example 3.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 양극, 음극, 분리막 및 전해질을 포함하는 이차 전지로서,상기 음극은 음극 활물질층을 포함하고,상기 음극 활물질층은 SiOβ (0 < β < 2) 산화물 및 탄소계 활물질을 포함하며,상기 양극은 양극 활물질층을 포함하고,상기 양극 활물질층은 평균 입경(D50)이 3㎛ 내지 10㎛인 소립자 활물질 및 평균 입경(D50)이 8㎛ 내지 20㎛인 대립자 활물질을 포함하고,상기 양극 활물질층의 공극률은 19% 내지 23%인 것인 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 소립자 활물질 및 상기 대립자 활물질은 각각 리튬을 제외한 전이금속의 총 몰수에 대하여 니켈을 80 몰% 이상 포함하는 것인 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 소립자 활물질은 단입자 형태를 가지는 것인 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 SiOβ (0 < β < 2) 산화물은 상기 음극 활물질층의 음극 활물질 100 중량부를 기준으로 1 중량부 내지 15 중량부로 포함하는 것인 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 소립자 활물질과 대립자 활물질의 중량비(소립자 활물질 중량:대립자 활물질 중량)는 2:8 내지 8:2인 것인 이차 전지.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202380047137.XA CN119384729A (zh) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | 二次电池 |
JP2024569833A JP2025517005A (ja) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | 二次電池 |
EP23880160.9A EP4517874A1 (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | Secondary battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20220133985 | 2022-10-18 | ||
KR10-2022-0133985 | 2022-10-18 | ||
KR1020230137406A KR20240054184A (ko) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-16 | 이차 전지 |
KR10-2023-0137406 | 2023-10-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2024085583A1 true WO2024085583A1 (ko) | 2024-04-25 |
Family
ID=90738140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2023/015995 WO2024085583A1 (ko) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | 이차 전지 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4517874A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2025517005A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN119384729A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2024085583A1 (ko) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20060060609A (ko) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-05 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 | 비수전해질 2차전지 |
KR20110066592A (ko) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 바인더, 양극 활물질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20190052681A (ko) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-05-16 | 쥐알에스티 인터내셔널 리미티드 | 전극 조립체 |
KR20200071624A (ko) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지 |
KR20220128137A (ko) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20220133985A (ko) | 2020-03-13 | 2022-10-05 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 풍력 발전 시설용 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR20230137406A (ko) | 2021-01-27 | 2023-10-04 | 에이엠오 아일랜드 | 광학적 활성 장치 |
-
2023
- 2023-10-17 JP JP2024569833A patent/JP2025517005A/ja active Pending
- 2023-10-17 CN CN202380047137.XA patent/CN119384729A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-17 WO PCT/KR2023/015995 patent/WO2024085583A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2023-10-17 EP EP23880160.9A patent/EP4517874A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20060060609A (ko) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-05 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 | 비수전해질 2차전지 |
KR20110066592A (ko) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 바인더, 양극 활물질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20190052681A (ko) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-05-16 | 쥐알에스티 인터내셔널 리미티드 | 전극 조립체 |
KR20200071624A (ko) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지 |
KR20220133985A (ko) | 2020-03-13 | 2022-10-05 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 풍력 발전 시설용 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR20230137406A (ko) | 2021-01-27 | 2023-10-04 | 에이엠오 아일랜드 | 광학적 활성 장치 |
KR20220128137A (ko) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN119384729A (zh) | 2025-01-28 |
EP4517874A1 (en) | 2025-03-05 |
JP2025517005A (ja) | 2025-05-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2019103499A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질, 및 이의 제조방법 | |
WO2019078690A2 (ko) | 음극 활물질, 상기 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극, 및 상기 음극을 포함하는 이차 전지 | |
WO2015199384A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019240496A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 음극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2022010121A1 (ko) | 급속충전 성능이 향상된 음극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2023090944A1 (ko) | 리튬이차전지 | |
CN115039257A (zh) | 制造二次电池的方法 | |
CN115004414A (zh) | 二次电池用正极活性材料及包含其的锂二次电池 | |
KR20240054184A (ko) | 이차 전지 | |
WO2020076139A1 (ko) | 음극 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
WO2019221450A1 (ko) | 음극, 및 상기 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2024085583A1 (ko) | 이차 전지 | |
WO2022080995A1 (ko) | 리튬이온 이차 전지용 음극 | |
WO2024080634A1 (ko) | 이차 전지 | |
KR102756625B1 (ko) | 이차 전지 | |
KR102790552B1 (ko) | 리튬이차전지 및 이의 제조방법 | |
WO2024071950A1 (ko) | 양극 조성물, 양극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2024080668A1 (ko) | 리튬이차전지 | |
KR20240049172A (ko) | 양극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2024080718A1 (ko) | 리튬이차전지 | |
WO2024080692A1 (ko) | 음극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2024072013A1 (ko) | 음극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2024080689A1 (ko) | 음극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2024080640A1 (ko) | 리튬이차전지 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR20240046048A (ko) | 양극 조성물, 양극 및 이차전지 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23880160 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2024569833 Country of ref document: JP Ref document number: 2023880160 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023880160 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20241126 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202417095524 Country of ref document: IN |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |