WO2024004578A1 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024004578A1 WO2024004578A1 PCT/JP2023/021476 JP2023021476W WO2024004578A1 WO 2024004578 A1 WO2024004578 A1 WO 2024004578A1 JP 2023021476 W JP2023021476 W JP 2023021476W WO 2024004578 A1 WO2024004578 A1 WO 2024004578A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- composite oxide
- content
- mol
- transition metal
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and particularly to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing a lithium transition metal composite oxide with a high Ni content as a positive electrode active material.
- Patent Document 1 describes a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by the general formula Li x Ni 1-y-z-v-w Co y Al z M 1 v M 2 w O 2 , where: A positive electrode active material is disclosed in which element M 1 is at least one selected from Mn, Ti, Y, Nb, Mo, and W, and element M 2 is at least Mg or Ca. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a lithium transition metal composite oxide containing Ni, Mn, and Co, which contains at least one selected from Mo, W, Nb, Ta, and Re. There is.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is an embodiment of the present disclosure is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, and the positive electrode is made of Ni, Co, M1 (M1 is at least one element selected from Ca and Sr), and M2 (M2 is at least one element selected from Nb, Zr, Ti, W, Al, Mo, Fe, B, P, Mg, and Si);
- the content of Ni is 80 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li
- the content of Co The content of M1 is 7 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li, the content of M1 is 1 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li, and the content of M2 is 7 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- the ratio is 3 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li
- the lithium-transition metal composite oxide is a secondary particle formed by agglomeration of a plurality of primary particles.
- the average porosity of the particles is 1 to 5%
- M1 exists at least at the interface between the primary particles inside the secondary particles
- the negative electrode has a negative electrode composite layer containing a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode composite material layer.
- the negative electrode has a coating containing M2 formed on the surface of the negative electrode, and the content of M2 in the negative electrode is 1000 to 10000 ppm based on the total mass of the negative electrode composite material layer and the coating.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes a lithium transition metal composite oxide with a high Ni content as a positive electrode active material, capacity reduction due to charging and discharging can be suppressed.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is one embodiment of the present disclosure has excellent cycle characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is an example of an embodiment.
- a lithium transition metal composite oxide with a high Ni content tends to cause side reactions with the electrolyte, especially when the SOC is high. Therefore, when the composite oxide is used as a positive electrode active material, decomposed products of the electrolyte are deposited on the surface of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which increases the internal resistance of the battery, thereby deteriorating the cycle characteristics.
- the composite oxide is used as a positive electrode active material, decomposed products of the electrolyte are deposited on the surface of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which increases the internal resistance of the battery, thereby deteriorating the cycle characteristics.
- cycle characteristics were specifically improved. In this case, it is thought that a stable protective film is formed on both the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and side reactions of the electrolyte are effectively suppressed.
- the above effect becomes noticeable when the average porosity of the secondary particles of the composite oxide is 1 to 5%.
- the average porosity of the secondary particles is 1 to 5%, it is easy to selectively make the element M1 exist at the interface between the primary particles, and as a result, it is considered that the effect of suppressing side reactions becomes high.
- the average porosity of the secondary particles is out of this range, the effect of improving the cycle characteristics cannot be obtained or the effect of improving the cycle characteristics becomes small.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery a cylindrical battery in which a wound electrode body 14 is housed in a cylindrical outer can 16 with a bottom is exemplified.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present disclosure may be, for example, a prismatic battery with a prismatic exterior can, a coin-shaped battery with a coin-shaped exterior can, and a laminate sheet containing a metal layer and a resin layer.
- a pouch-type battery may be provided with an exterior body made up of.
- the electrode body is not limited to a wound type electrode body, and may be a laminated type electrode body in which a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes are alternately laminated with separators interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 that is an example of an embodiment.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes a wound electrode body 14, a nonaqueous electrolyte (not shown), and an outer can 16 that houses the electrode body 14 and the nonaqueous electrolyte. Be prepared.
- the electrode body 14 includes a positive electrode 11 , a negative electrode 12 , and a separator 13 , and has a wound structure in which the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are spirally wound with the separator 13 in between.
- the outer can 16 is a bottomed cylindrical metal container with an open end in the axial direction, and the opening of the outer can 16 is closed with a sealing member 17 .
- the sealing body 17 side of the battery will be referred to as the upper side
- the bottom side of the outer can 16 will be referred to as the lower side.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte includes a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- the non-aqueous solvent for example, esters, ethers, nitriles, amides, mixed solvents of two or more of these, and the like are used.
- nonaqueous solvents include ethylene carbonate (EC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and mixed solvents thereof.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain a halogen-substituted product (for example, fluoroethylene carbonate) in which at least a portion of hydrogen in these solvents is replaced with a halogen atom such as fluorine.
- a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 is used as the electrolyte salt.
- vinylene carbonate (VC) may be added in an amount of 5% by mass or less based on the mass of the nonaqueous electrolyte.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, and the separator 13 that constitute the electrode body 14 are all long strip-shaped bodies, and are wound in a spiral shape so that they are alternately stacked in the radial direction of the electrode body 14.
- the negative electrode 12 is formed to be one size larger than the positive electrode 11 in order to prevent precipitation of lithium. That is, the negative electrode 12 is formed longer than the positive electrode 11 in the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- the separators 13 are formed to be at least one size larger than the positive electrode 11, and for example, two separators 13 are arranged so as to sandwich the positive electrode 11 therebetween.
- the electrode body 14 has a positive electrode lead 20 connected to the positive electrode 11 by welding or the like, and a negative electrode lead 21 connected to the negative electrode 12 by welding or the like.
- Insulating plates 18 and 19 are arranged above and below the electrode body 14, respectively.
- the positive electrode lead 20 passes through the through hole of the insulating plate 18 and extends toward the sealing body 17, and the negative electrode lead 21 passes through the outside of the insulating plate 19 and extends toward the bottom of the outer can 16.
- the positive electrode lead 20 is connected by welding or the like to the lower surface of the internal terminal plate 23 of the sealing body 17, and the cap 27, which is the top plate of the sealing body 17 and electrically connected to the internal terminal plate 23, serves as a positive electrode terminal.
- the negative electrode lead 21 is connected to the bottom inner surface of the outer can 16 by welding or the like, and the outer can 16 serves as a negative electrode terminal.
- a gasket 28 is provided between the outer can 16 and the sealing body 17 to ensure airtightness inside the battery.
- the outer can 16 is formed with a grooved part 22 that supports the sealing body 17 and has a part of the side surface protruding inward.
- the grooved portion 22 is preferably formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the outer can 16, and supports the sealing body 17 on its upper surface.
- the sealing body 17 is fixed to the upper part of the outer can 16 by the grooved part 22 and the open end of the outer can 16 which is crimped to the sealing body 17 .
- the sealing body 17 has a structure in which an internal terminal plate 23, a lower valve body 24, an insulating member 25, an upper valve body 26, and a cap 27 are laminated in order from the electrode body 14 side.
- Each member constituting the sealing body 17 has, for example, a disk shape or a ring shape, and each member except the insulating member 25 is electrically connected to each other.
- the lower valve body 24 and the upper valve body 26 are connected at their respective central portions, and an insulating member 25 is interposed between their respective peripheral portions.
- the positive electrode 11, negative electrode 12, and separator 13 that make up the electrode body 14 will be explained in detail, particularly the positive electrode active material that makes up the positive electrode 11.
- the positive electrode 11 includes a positive electrode core and a positive electrode composite material layer provided on the surface of the positive electrode core.
- a metal foil such as aluminum that is stable in the potential range of the positive electrode 11, a film with the metal disposed on the surface, or the like can be used.
- the positive electrode composite material layer includes a positive electrode active material, a binding material, and a conductive material, and is preferably provided on both surfaces of the positive electrode core except for the portion to which the positive electrode lead 20 is connected.
- the positive electrode 11 is made by, for example, applying a positive electrode composite slurry containing a positive electrode active material, a binding material, a conductive material, etc. to the surface of a positive electrode core, drying the coating film, and then compressing it to form a positive electrode composite material layer. It can be produced by forming it on both sides of the positive electrode core.
- Examples of the conductive agent contained in the positive electrode material layer include carbon black such as acetylene black and Ketjen black, graphite, carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon nanofibers, and carbon materials such as graphene.
- Examples of the binder included in the positive electrode composite layer include fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide, acrylic resin, and polyolefin. Furthermore, these resins may be used in combination with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or a salt thereof, polyethylene oxide (PEO), or the like.
- the positive electrode 11 is made of Ni, Co, M1 (M1 is at least one element selected from Ca and Sr), and M2 (M2 is Nb, Zr, Ti, W, Al, Mo, Fe, B, P , Mg, and Si), and a lithium transition metal composite oxide containing Mn as an optional component.
- the lithium transition metal composite oxide will be referred to as a "composite oxide (Z)."
- the composite oxide (Z) functions as a positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material may have a composite oxide (Z) as a main component, and may be substantially composed only of the composite oxide (Z). Note that the positive electrode active material may contain a complex oxide other than the complex oxide (Z) or other compounds as long as the purpose of the present disclosure is not impaired.
- the composite oxide (Z) has, for example, a layered structure belonging to space group R-3m or a layered structure belonging to space group C2/m.
- the proportion of the transition metal element present in the Li layer is preferably 3 to 7 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. In this case, the effect of improving cycle characteristics becomes more significant than when the proportion of the transition metal element in the Li layer is out of this range.
- the ratio of transition metal elements present in the Li layer can be adjusted, for example, by controlling the firing temperature, which will be described later, and generally the higher the firing temperature, the larger the ratio.
- the proportion of the transition metal element present in the Li layer is obtained from the Rietveld analysis result of the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement of the lithium transition metal oxide of this embodiment.
- the composite oxide (Z) is a secondary particle formed by agglomerating a plurality of primary particles.
- the volume-based median diameter (D50) of the composite oxide (Z) is, for example, 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m. Since the composite oxide (Z) is a secondary particle formed by agglomerating primary particles, the D50 of the composite oxide means the D50 of the secondary particle. D50 means a particle size at which the cumulative frequency is 50% from the smallest particle size in the volume-based particle size distribution, and is also called the median diameter.
- the particle size distribution of the composite oxide (Z) can be measured using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device (for example, MT3000II manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.) using water as a dispersion medium.
- the average particle size of the primary particles constituting the composite oxide (Z) is, for example, 0.05 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles is calculated by averaging the diameters of the circumscribed circles of the primary particles extracted by analyzing a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a cross section of the secondary particles.
- the composite oxide (Z) contains 80 mol% or more of Ni based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. By setting the Ni content to 80 mol% or more, a battery with high energy density can be obtained.
- the Ni content may be 85 mol% or more, or 90 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- the upper limit of the Ni content is, for example, 95 mol%.
- the Ni contained in the composite oxide (Z) serves as a Ni source for a coating formed on the surface of the negative electrode, for example, and a part of it is eluted and deposited on the surface of the negative electrode by charging and discharging. Contains.
- the composite oxide (Z) contains Co as an essential element.
- the Co content is 7 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- cycle characteristics can be effectively improved. Note that even if more than 7 mol % of Co is added, the cycle characteristics do not change or even deteriorate. Further, addition of Co in excess of 7 mol % causes problems such as a decrease in capacity and an increase in cost.
- the lower limit of its content is preferably 2 mol%.
- the content of Co is preferably 2 to 7 mol%, more preferably 3 to 6 mol%, based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- the composite oxide (Z) further contains M1 and M2 as essential components.
- M1 is at least one element selected from Ca and Sr
- M2 is at least one element selected from Nb, Zr, Ti, W, Al, and Si. It is believed that by adding a small amount of M1 and M2 to the composite oxide (Z), a stable protective film is formed on both the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12, and side reactions of the electrolyte are effectively suppressed. Characteristics can be effectively improved. Note that adding only one of M1 and M2 does not provide a sufficient effect.
- the content of M1 is 1 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. Even if more than 1 mol % of M1 is added, the cycle characteristics do not change or even deteriorate. Further, addition of M1 exceeding 1 mol % causes problems such as an increase in resistance and a decrease in charging capacity.
- the content of M1 is preferably lower than the content of Co and M2. In this case, the effect of improving cycle characteristics becomes more significant.
- the lower limit of its content is preferably 0.05 mol%.
- the content of M1 is preferably 0.05 to 1 mol%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol%, based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- the total content thereof is preferably within the range.
- M1 exists at the interface between primary particles at least inside the secondary particles of the composite oxide (Z). In this case, the effect of suppressing side reactions is considered to be significant, and the cycle characteristics can be effectively improved. M1 present at the interface of the primary particles can be confirmed by TEM-EDX (transmission microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). As will be described in detail later, when the average porosity of the secondary particles is 1 to 5%, it becomes easy to make M1 selectively exist at the interface between the primary particles. M1 exists, for example, in a uniformly dispersed state at the interface between each primary particle. Note that M1 may be attached to the surface of the secondary particles.
- the content of M2 is 3 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. Even if more than 3 mol % of M2 is added, the cycle characteristics do not change or even deteriorate. Further, addition of M2 in excess of 3 mol % causes problems such as an increase in resistance and a decrease in charging capacity.
- M2 contained in the composite oxide (Z) is a source of M2 in the film formed on the surface of the negative electrode, and a part of it is eluted and deposited on the surface of the negative electrode by charging and discharging, and is contained in the film of the negative electrode 12. Contains.
- the M2 content is lower than the Co content and higher than the M1 content. In this case, the effect of improving cycle characteristics becomes more significant.
- the lower limit of its content is preferably 0.1 mol%.
- the content of M2 is preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.3 to 2 mol%, based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. When adding two or more types of elements as M2, it is preferable that the total content of these elements is within the range.
- the composite oxide (Z) contains at least one element selected from Nb, Zr, Ti, and W as M2. Among these, it is more preferable to contain at least Nb or W, and it is particularly preferable to contain Nb.
- suitable M2 combinations include Nb and W, Nb and Ti, Nb and Zr, W and Ti, and W and Zr.
- the content of Nb is particularly preferably 0.35 to 1 mol% based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. When the Nb content is within this range, the effect of improving cycle characteristics becomes more significant.
- M2 forms a solid solution with other metal elements such as Ni, for example.
- Nb forms a solid solution.
- 70% or more of the Nb contained in the composite oxide (Z) is dissolved in the composite oxide (Z), and it is particularly preferable that substantially all of the Nb is dissolved in the composite oxide (Z).
- the solid solution amount of M2 can be confirmed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- W may form a solid solution with other metal elements such as Ni, and like M1, W may exist on the surface of the primary particles.
- the composite oxide (Z) may contain elements other than Li, Ni, Co, M1, and M2.
- the metal elements include Mn, Cu, Na, K, and Ba.
- the composite oxide (Z) contains Mn.
- the content of Mn is preferably 1 to 10 mol% based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li.
- the content rate of Mn may be higher than the content rates of M1 and M2, and may be approximately the same as the content rate of Co.
- the content of elements constituting the composite oxide (Z) is measured using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-AES), an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA), an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), etc. can do.
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analyzer
- the average porosity of the secondary particles of the composite oxide (Z) is 1 to 5%.
- the average porosity is within this range, it becomes easy to make M1 selectively exist at the interface between primary particles, and it is considered that the effect of suppressing side reactions becomes high. And cycle characteristics are effectively improved.
- M1 tends to enter the inside of the primary particles, and the effect of improving cycle characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the average porosity exceeds 5%, the reaction area with the electrolyte becomes too large and the cycle characteristics deteriorate. Note that it is preferable that not only the average value of the porosity but also the median value is 1 to 5%.
- the porosity of a secondary particle is the ratio of the area of voids to the cross section of the secondary particle, and is calculated by the formula: (area of voids/cross-sectional area of secondary particle) x 100.
- the porosity may be calculated from the entire cross section of the secondary particle or the total area of voids included per predetermined area.
- the porosity is determined from the analysis of the SEM image of the cross section of the secondary particle. Extraction of primary particles and void regions is performed by appropriately selecting image analysis software such as Image J or Avizo-Materials Science.
- image analysis software such as Image J or Avizo-Materials Science.
- the SEM image is subjected to noise removal using a non-local means filter, BM3D, etc., and a brightness threshold is superimposed on edge detection and the Marker-Based-Watershed method to extract primary particles and void regions. Note that the area detected by Watershed centered around the high brightness value area is defined as a primary particle, and the low brightness area is defined as a void.
- the secondary particles of the composite oxide (Z) contain many small voids. Most or all of the voids may be formed in gaps between primary particles.
- the average porosity of the secondary particles is more preferably 1.2 to 4.5, particularly preferably 1.5 to 3.5.
- the porosity of the secondary particles can be adjusted to a desired range, for example, by controlling the firing conditions described below.
- the composite oxide (Z) is synthesized by mixing and firing a transition metal oxide containing Ni, Co, Mn, etc., an M1 raw material, an M2 raw material, and a Li raw material such as lithium hydroxide (LiOH), for example. can. Further, after mixing and firing a transition metal oxide containing Ni, Co, Mn, etc., M1 raw material, and M2 raw material to synthesize a composite oxide containing Ni, Co, Mn, M1, and M2, The composite oxide (Z) may be synthesized by adding a Li raw material and firing again.
- the firing step of the composite oxide (Z) includes, for example, a first step of obtaining a composite oxide containing Ni etc., a second step of mixing the complex oxide and a lithium compound to obtain a mixture, and a second step of obtaining a mixture by mixing the complex oxide and a lithium compound. and a third step of firing the mixture.
- the compound containing M1 and the compound containing M2 are preferably added in the second step. Furthermore, M2 may be added during the first step.
- an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide is added dropwise to a solution of a metal salt containing Ni, Mn, etc. while stirring to adjust the pH to an alkaline side (for example, 8.5 to 12.5).
- a composite hydroxide containing Ni, Mn, etc. is precipitated (co-precipitated).
- the firing temperature is not particularly limited, but an example is 250°C to 600°C.
- the composite oxide obtained in the first step a lithium compound, a compound containing M1, and a compound containing M2 are mixed.
- lithium compounds include Li 2 CO 3 , LiOH, Li 2 O 2 , Li 2 O, LiNO 3 , LiNO 2 , Li 2 SO 4 , LiOH ⁇ H 2 O, LiH, LiF, and the like.
- the composite oxide and the lithium compound are preferably mixed at a ratio such that the total amount of metal elements excluding Li and the molar ratio of Li are 1:0.98 to 1:1.12, for example.
- the firing step of the mixture in the third step includes, for example, a first firing step of firing the mixture at a temperature of 450°C to 680°C under an oxygen flow, and a fired product obtained in the first firing step at a temperature exceeding 680°C under an oxygen flow.
- This is a multi-stage firing process including at least a second firing process in which firing is performed at a certain temperature.
- the temperature is increased to a first set temperature of 680° C. or lower at a first temperature increasing rate of 0.2° C./min to 4.5° C./min.
- the second firing step the temperature is increased at a rate of 1° C./min to 3.5° C./min to a second set temperature of 900° C. or less.
- the temperature increase rate is less than 1°C, the crystal growth of the primary particles will progress and the voids inside the secondary particles will decrease, so that the composite oxide (Z) with an average porosity that satisfies the specified value will be produced. I can't get it.
- a plurality of first and second temperature increase rates may be set for each predetermined temperature region within the above range.
- the holding time of the first set temperature in the first firing step is preferably 5 hours or less, more preferably 3 hours or less.
- the holding time of the first set temperature is the time for maintaining the first set temperature after reaching the first set temperature, and the holding time may be zero.
- the holding time of the second set temperature in the second firing step is preferably from 1 hour to 10 hours, more preferably from 1 hour to 5 hours.
- the holding time of the second set temperature is the time during which the third set temperature is maintained after the second set temperature is reached. Even if the second setting time is set to be greater than 10 hours, crystal growth of the primary particles progresses and the voids inside the secondary particles decrease, resulting in a composite oxide (Z) with an average porosity that satisfies the specified value. I can't.
- the mixture is fired, for example, in an oxygen stream with an oxygen concentration of 60% or more, and the flow rate of the oxygen stream is 0.2 mL/min to 4 mL/min per 10 cm 3 of the firing furnace and 0.3 L/min or more per 1 kg of the mixture. shall be.
- M1 raw materials examples include Ca(OH) 2 , CaHPO 4 , Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , CaO, CaCO 3 , CaSO 4 , Ca(NO 3 ) 2, CaCl 2 , CaAlO 4 , Sr(OH) 2 , Sr(OH) 2.8H 2 O, SrO, SrCO 3 , SrSO 4 , Sr(NO 3 ) 2, etc., but it reduces the amount of moisture generated during firing. It may be used after drying and dehydration. Further, these compounds may be pulverized to a particle size of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- M2 is Nb, Nb 2 O 5 , Nb 2 O 5 .nH 2 O, WO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , TiO 2 , Ti(OH) 4 , ZrO 2 , Al (OH) 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Al(NO 3 ) 3 , MoO 3 , Li 2 MoO 4 , SiO, SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , LiBO 3 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , P 2 O 5 ,
- Examples include MgO, Mg(OH) 2 , Fe 2 O 3 and the like.
- the baked product obtained in the third step is washed with water to remove impurities, and the washed baked product is heated and dried. If necessary, the fired product is pulverized, classified, etc., and the D50 of the positive electrode active material is adjusted to a desired range. Drying of the baked product after washing with water may be performed at a temperature of less than 100°C. An example of a suitable drying temperature is 250°C to 600°C. The drying process may be performed either under vacuum or in the atmosphere. An example of the drying treatment time is 1 hour to 5 hours.
- the negative electrode 12 includes a negative electrode core and a negative electrode composite material layer provided on the surface of the negative electrode core.
- a foil of a metal such as copper that is stable in the potential range of the negative electrode 12, a film with the metal disposed on the surface, or the like can be used.
- the negative electrode composite material layer contains a negative electrode active material and a binding material, and is preferably provided on both sides of the negative electrode core except for the portion to which the negative electrode lead 21 is connected.
- the negative electrode 12 is prepared by applying a negative electrode composite slurry containing a negative electrode active material, a binder, etc. to the surface of a negative electrode core, drying the coating film, and then compressing the negative electrode composite material layer to the negative electrode core. It can be produced by forming it on both sides of.
- the negative electrode composite material layer generally includes a carbon material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions as a negative electrode active material.
- a carbon material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions as a negative electrode active material.
- the carbon material include natural graphite such as flaky graphite, lumpy graphite, and earthy graphite, and graphite such as artificial graphite such as massive artificial graphite (MAG) and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB).
- MAG massive artificial graphite
- MCMB graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads
- an active material containing at least one of an element that alloys with Li, such as Si and Sn, and a material containing the element may be used.
- a suitable example of the active material is a SiO 2 phase, a silicate phase such as lithium silicate, or a Si-containing material in which Si fine particles are dispersed in an amorphous carbon phase.
- Graphite and a Si-containing material may be used together as the negative electrode active material.
- the binder contained in the negative electrode composite layer fluororesin, PAN, polyimide, acrylic resin, polyolefin, etc. can be used as in the case of the positive electrode 11, but styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) can be used. is preferred.
- the negative electrode composite material layer further contains CMC or a salt thereof, polyacrylic acid (PAA) or a salt thereof, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or the like.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the negative electrode 12 has a coating containing M2 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "negative electrode coating") formed on the surface of the negative electrode composite material layer. It is thought that the negative electrode coating is formed by M2 in the composite oxide (Z) eluted by charging and discharging, depositing on the surface of the negative electrode composite material layer. That is, the negative electrode film contains M2 derived from the composite oxide (Z).
- the negative electrode film is formed, for example, by charging and discharging for 10 cycles or less. When a negative electrode film containing a predetermined amount of M2 is formed, cycle characteristics can be improved. The presence of the negative electrode coating can be confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
- the content of M2 in the negative electrode 12 is 1000 to 10000 ppm based on the total mass of the negative electrode composite layer and the negative electrode coating.
- the content rate of M2 means the content rate when charging and discharging is performed under the same conditions as the cycle test described below. If the M2 content is less than 1000 ppm or more than 10000 ppm, no improvement in cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- the content of M2 in the negative electrode 12 changes depending on the composition of the composite oxide (Z), particularly the content of M2 in the composite oxide (Z).
- the M2 content of the composite oxide (Z) is adjusted so that the M2 content of the negative electrode 12 is 1000 to 10000 ppm.
- the content rate of M2 in the negative electrode 12 also changes depending on charging and discharging conditions. For example, when the end-of-charge voltage is increased and the depth of discharge is increased, the content of M2 tends to increase.
- the content of M2 with respect to the total mass of the negative electrode composite material layer and the negative electrode coating can be calculated by the following method. Further, the content rates of M1 and Ni, which will be described later, can be calculated in a similar manner. (1) Add ion-exchanged water to the negative electrode 12 to separate the negative electrode composite material layer and coating from the negative electrode core, and measure the weight of the negative electrode composite material layer and coating. (2) Add aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid to the separated negative electrode composite layer and coating, heat and dissolve, and filter out insoluble matter such as carbon to prepare an aqueous solution.
- the aqueous solution was made to a constant volume with ion-exchanged water, and the M2 concentration was measured by ICP-AES, and the result was taken as the M2 content in the negative electrode.
- the M2 content in the negative electrode 12 measured in (2) is divided by the weight of the negative electrode composite material layer and coating measured in (1) to obtain the M2 content in the negative electrode 12.
- the negative electrode film may further contain Ni and M1.
- Ni and M1 contained in the negative electrode film are Ni and M1 derived from the composite oxide (Z), similarly to M2. It is thought that Ni and M1 in the composite oxide (Z) eluted by charging and discharging are deposited together with M2 on the surface of the negative electrode composite layer to form a negative electrode film.
- the ratio of the M2 content to the Ni content is preferably 0.3 to 2, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8. If M2/Ni is within this range, the effect of improving cycle characteristics will be more significant.
- the M2/Ni means the ratio when charging and discharging is performed under the same conditions as the cycle test described below.
- M2/Ni changes depending on the composition of the composite oxide (Z), especially the molar ratio of M2 and Ni. In other words, it is preferable to adjust the molar ratio of M2 and Ni in the composite oxide (Z) so that M2/Ni in the negative electrode 12 is within the above range. Note that M2/Ni in the negative electrode 12 may change somewhat depending on charging and discharging conditions.
- a porous sheet having ion permeability and insulation properties is used.
- porous sheets include microporous thin films, woven fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics.
- Suitable materials for the separator 13 include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, cellulose, and the like.
- the separator 13 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure. Further, a resin layer with high heat resistance such as aramid resin may be formed on the surface of the separator 13.
- a filler layer containing an inorganic filler may be formed at the interface between the separator 13 and at least one of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12.
- the inorganic filler include oxides and phosphoric acid compounds containing metal elements such as Ti, Al, Si, and Mg.
- the filler layer can be formed by applying a slurry containing the filler to the surface of the positive electrode 11, negative electrode 12, or separator 13.
- Example 1 [Synthesis of lithium transition metal composite oxide (positive electrode active material)] After mixing a composite oxide containing the general formula Ni, Co, and Mn, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, niobium hydroxide, and titanium oxide in a predetermined ratio, the metal elements in the mixture and Li Lithium hydroxide was mixed at a molar ratio of 1:1.03.
- the predetermined ratio is that the content of Ca is 0.3 mol%, the content of Sr is 0.1 mol%, and the content of Nb is 0.5 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. , and the content of Ti was set to be 1.5 mol%.
- the above mixture was put into a firing furnace, and heated from room temperature to 650°C under an oxygen stream with an oxygen concentration of 95% (flow rate of 2 mL/min per 10 cm3 and 5 L/min per 1 kg of mixture) at a heating rate of 1.0°C/min. Baked to . Thereafter, the product was fired from 650°C to 740°C at a temperature increase rate of 1.5°C/min and held for 2 hours, and the fired product was washed with water to obtain a lithium transition metal composite oxide.
- the composition of the composite oxide was Li 0.98 Ni 0.886 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 Ca 0.003 Sr 0.001 Nb 0.005 Ti 0.005 O 2 .
- the ratio of transition metal elements present in the Li layer was determined to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. It was confirmed that the amount was 4.7 mol%.
- the average porosity of the secondary particles was determined from the cross-sectional SEM image of the lithium transition metal composite oxide (secondary particles) using the above analysis method.
- the average porosity was 2.5%.
- TEM-EDX transmission microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- a positive electrode composite slurry is prepared using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a dispersion medium.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a positive electrode composite slurry is applied onto the positive electrode core made of aluminum foil, the coating film is dried and compressed, and then the positive electrode core is cut into a predetermined electrode size, and the positive electrode is coated on both sides of the positive electrode core.
- a positive electrode on which a material layer was formed was obtained. Note that an exposed portion in which the surface of the positive electrode core was exposed was provided in a part of the positive electrode.
- the amount of positive electrode active material in the positive electrode composite layer was 0.49 g.
- Natural graphite was used as the negative electrode active material.
- a dispersion of negative electrode active material, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) was mixed at a solid content mass ratio of 100:1:1, and negative electrode synthesis was performed using water as a dispersion medium.
- a material slurry was prepared.
- the negative electrode composite slurry is applied to both sides of a negative electrode core made of copper foil, the coating is dried, and then the coating is rolled using a roller and cut into a predetermined electrode size to form the negative electrode core.
- a negative electrode was obtained in which negative electrode composite layers were formed on both sides. Note that an exposed portion in which the surface of the negative electrode core was exposed was provided in a part of the negative electrode.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte 1.2 mol of LiPF 6 was added to a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) mixed at a volume ratio of 3:3:4 (25°C).
- EC ethylene carbonate
- MEC methyl ethyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was prepared by dissolving the solution at a concentration of 1/liter.
- test cell non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
- An aluminum lead is attached to the exposed part of the positive electrode
- a nickel lead is attached to the exposed part of the negative electrode
- the positive and negative electrodes are spirally wound through a polyolefin separator, and then press-formed in the radial direction to form a flat shape.
- a wound type electrode body was fabricated. This electrode body was housed in an exterior body made of an aluminum laminate sheet, and after injecting the non-aqueous electrolyte, the opening of the exterior body was sealed to obtain a test cell Al.
- the capacity retention rate after the cycle test was evaluated by the following method. Furthermore, it was confirmed by XPS that a negative electrode film was formed on the surface of the negative electrode composite material layer after the cycle test.
- the content of M2 (Nb, Ti in Example 1) and M2/Ni in the negative electrode were determined by the above-described method using ICP-AES.
- Examples 1 to 6 are labeled A1 to A6, and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 are labeled B1 to B5.
- the capacity retention rate of each test cell shown in Table 1 is a relative value when the capacity retention rate of the test cell of Comparative Example 1 (B1) is set to 100.
- Example 2 A lithium-transition metal composite oxide was synthesized by using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material and niobium hydroxide and tungsten oxide as the M2 raw materials, and changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so that the element ratio was as shown in Table 1. Except for this, a test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 3 Other than synthesizing a lithium transition metal composite oxide by using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material and tungsten oxide and zirconium oxide as the M2 raw materials, and changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so that the element ratio was as shown in Table 1. A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated.
- Example 4 Other than synthesizing a lithium-transition metal composite oxide by using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material and tungsten oxide and titanium oxide as the M2 raw materials, changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so that the element ratio was as shown in Table 1. A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated.
- Example 5 Except for synthesizing the lithium-transition metal composite oxide by using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material and tungsten oxide as the M2 raw material, and changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so as to have the element ratio shown in Table 1. A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 6> The steps were carried out except that calcium hydroxide was used as the M1 raw material and niobium oxide was used as the M2 raw material, and the lithium transition metal composite oxide was synthesized by changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so that the element ratio was as shown in Table 1.
- a test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 1 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the M1 raw material and the M2 raw material were not used in the synthesis of the lithium transition metal composite oxide, and performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 1 except that the lithium transition metal composite oxide was synthesized without using the M2 raw material, using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material, and changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so as to have the element ratio shown in Table 1.
- a test cell was prepared in the same manner as above, and the performance was evaluated.
- Example 1 except that the lithium transition metal composite oxide was synthesized without using the M1 raw material, using niobium hydroxide as the M2 raw material, and changing the mixing ratio of each raw material so as to have the element ratio shown in Table 1.
- a test cell was prepared in the same manner as above, and the performance was evaluated.
- a lithium-transition metal composite was produced by using calcium hydroxide as the M1 raw material without using the M2 raw material, changing the temperature increase rate in the second firing step to 0.5°C/m, and changing the holding time of the second set temperature to 16 hours.
- a test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the oxide was synthesized, and performance evaluation was performed.
- the charge/discharge cycle characteristics of the battery are greatly improved by the positive electrode active material having an average porosity of 1 or more and containing a predetermined amount of M1 and M2, and the negative electrode coating containing a predetermined amount of M2 derived from the positive electrode active material. do.
- Configuration 1 A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte,
- the positive electrode contains Ni, Co, M1 (M1 is at least one element selected from Ca and Sr), and M2 (M2 is Nb, Zr, Ti, W, Al, Mo, Fe, B, P , Mg, and Si).
- the content of Ni is 80 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li,
- the Co content is 7 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li
- the content of M1 is 1 mol% or less with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li
- the content of M2 is 3 mol% or less based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li
- the lithium transition metal composite oxide is a secondary particle formed by agglomerating a plurality of primary particles, and the average porosity of the secondary particle is 1 to 5%, and at least the interior of the secondary particle is M1 exists at the interface between the primary particles in
- the negative electrode has a negative electrode composite layer containing a negative electrode active material, and a coating containing M2 formed on the surface of the negative electrode composite layer, and the content of M2 in the negative electrode is equal to or lower than the negative electrode composite layer.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to configuration 1, wherein the lithium transition metal composite oxide contains Mn.
- Configuration 3 In the lithium-transition metal composite oxide, the non-aqueous material according to configuration 1 or 2, wherein the proportion of the transition metal element present in the Li layer is 3 to 7 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. Electrolyte secondary battery.
- Configuration 4 The lithium transition metal composite oxide contains Nb as M2, In the lithium transition metal composite oxide, the Nb content is 0.35 to 1 mol% based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li, and Water electrolyte secondary battery.
- Configuration 5 The nonaqueous electrolyte according to any one of configurations 1 to 4, wherein the lithium transition metal composite oxide has a Co content of 2 to 7 mol% based on the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li. Secondary battery.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 11 positive electrode, 12 negative electrode, 13 separator, 14 electrode body, 16 outer can, 17 sealing body, 18, 19 insulating plate, 20 positive electrode lead, 21 negative electrode lead, 22 grooved part, 23 internal terminal Plate, 24 lower valve body, 25 insulating member, 26 upper valve body, 27 cap, 28 gasket
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
正極11は、正極芯体と、正極芯体の表面に設けられた正極合材層とを有する。正極芯体には、アルミニウムなどの正極11の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表面に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。正極合材層は、正極活物質、結着材、および導電材を含み、正極リード20が接続される部分を除く正極芯体の両面に設けられることが好ましい。正極11は、例えば、正極活物質、結着材、および導電材等を含む正極合材スラリーを正極芯体の表面に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧縮して正極合材層を正極芯体の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
測定範囲;15-120°
スキャン速度;4°/min
解析範囲;30-120°
バックグラウンド;B-スプライン
プロファイル関数;分割型擬Voigt関数
束縛条件;Li(3a) + Ni(3a)=1
Ni(3a) + Ni(3b)=y
yはリチウム遷移金属酸化物中のLiを除く金属元素の総量に対するNiの割合(0.90≦y<1.00)
ICSD No.;98-009-4814
また、X線回折パターンのリートベルト解析には、リートベルト解析ソフトであるPD
XL2(株式会社リガク)が使用される。
負極12は、負極芯体と、負極芯体の表面に設けられた負極合材層とを有する。負極芯体には、銅などの負極12の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表面に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。負極合材層は、負極活物質および結着材を含み、負極リード21が接続される部分を除く負極芯体の両面に設けられることが好ましい。負極12は、例えば、負極芯体の表面に負極活物質、および結着材等を含む負極合材スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧縮して負極合材層を負極芯体の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
(1)負極12にイオン交換水を加えて、負極芯体から負極合材層および被膜を離脱させ、負極合材層および被膜の重さを測定する。
(2)離脱させた負極合材層および被膜に王水およびフッ酸を加えて加熱溶解し、炭素等の不溶分を濾別して、水溶液を作製する。当該水溶液をイオン交換水で定容し、ICP-AESでM2濃度を測定した結果を、負極中のM2の含有量とする。
(3)(2)で測定した負極12におけるM2の含有量を、(1)で測定した負極合材層および被膜の重さで除して、負極12におけるM2の含有率とする。
セパレータ13には、イオン透過性および絶縁性を有する多孔性シートが用いられる。多孔性シートの具体例としては、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布等が挙げられる。セパレータ13の材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、セルロースなどが好適である。セパレータ13は、単層構造であってもよく、複層構造を有していてもよい。また、セパレータ13の表面には、アラミド樹脂等の耐熱性の高い樹脂層が形成されていてもよい。
[リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物(正極活物質)の合成]
一般式Ni、Co、Mnを含有する複合酸化物と、水酸化カルシウムと、水酸化ストロンチウムと、水酸化ニオブと、酸化チタンを、所定の比率で混合した後、当該混合物中の金属元素とLiのモル比が1:1.03となるように水酸化リチウムを混合した。所定の比率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、Caの含有率が0.3モル%、Srの含有率が0.1モル%、Nbの含有率が0.5モル%、およびTiの含有率が1.5モル%となる比率とした。
上記正極活物質と、アセチレンブラックと、ポリフッ化ビニリデンとを、98:1:1の質量比で混合し、分散媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を用いて、正極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、アルミニウム箔からなる正極芯体上に正極合材スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥、圧縮した後、正極芯体を所定の電極サイズに切断して、正極芯体の両面に正極合材層が形成された正極を得た。なお、正極の一部に正極芯体の表面が露出した露出部を設けた。正極合材層中の正極活物質の量は0.49gであった。
負極活物質として天然黒鉛を用いた。負極活物質と、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(CMC-Na)と、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム(SBR)のディスパージョンを、100:1:1の固形分質量比で混合し、分散媒として水を用いて負極合材スラリーを調製した。当該負極合材スラリーを銅箔からなる負極芯体の両面に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、ローラーを用いて塗膜を圧延し、所定の電極サイズに切断して、負極芯体の両面に負極合材層が形成された負極を得た。なお、負極の一部に負極芯体の表面が露出した露出部を設けた。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、メチルエチルカーボネート(MEC)と、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を、3:3:4の体積比(25℃)で混合した混合溶媒に対して、LiPF6を1.2モル/リットルの濃度で溶解させて非水電解液を調製した。
上記正極の露出部にアルミニウムリードを、上記負極の露出部にニッケルリードをそれぞれ取り付け、ポリオレフィン製のセパレータを介して正極と負極を渦巻き状に巻回した後、径方向にプレス成形して扁平状の巻回型電極体を作製した。この電極体をアルミラミネートシートで構成される外装体内に収容し、上記非水電解液を注入した後、外装体の開口部を封止して試験セルAlを得た。
上記試験セルを、45℃の温度環境下、0.5Itの定電流で電池電圧が4.3Vになるまで定電流充電を行い、4.3Vで電流値が1/50Itになるまで定電圧充電を行った。その後、0.5Itの定電流で電池電圧が2.5Vになるまで定電流放電を行った。この充放電サイクルを100サイクル繰り返した。サイクル試験の1サイクル目の放電容量と、100サイクル目の放電容量を求め、下記式により容量維持率を算出した。
容量維持率(%)=(100サイクル目放電容量÷1サイクル目放電容量)×100
M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを、M2原料として水酸化ニオブおよび酸化タングステンをそれぞれ用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを、M2原料として酸化タングステンおよび酸化ジルコニウムをそれぞれ用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを、M2原料として酸化タングステンおよび酸化チタンをそれぞれ用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを、M2原料として酸化タングステンをそれぞれ用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを、M2原料として酸化ニオブをそれぞれ用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の合成において、M1原料およびM2原料を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M2原料を用いず、M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M1原料を用いず、M2原料として水酸化ニオブを用い、表1に示す元素比率となるように各原料の混合比を変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
M2原料を用いず、M1原料として水酸化カルシウムを用い、第2焼成工程における昇温速度を0.5℃/mに、第2設定温度の保持時間を16時間に変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
第2焼成工程における昇温速度を0.5℃/mに、第2設定温度の保持時間を16時間に変更してリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を合成したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして試験セルを作製し、性能評価を行った。
構成1:
正極と、負極と、非水電解質とを備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極は、Ni、Co、M1(M1は、CaおよびSrから選択される少なくとも1種の元素)、およびM2(M2は、Nb、Zr、Ti、W、Al、Mo、Fe、B、P、Mg、およびSiから選択される少なくとも1種の元素)を含有するリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を含み、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、
Niの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して80モル%以上であり、
Coの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して7モル%以下であり、
M1の含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して1モル%以下であり、
M2の含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して3モル%以下であり、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、複数の一次粒子が凝集して形成された二次粒子であって、前記二次粒子の平均空隙率は1~5%であり、少なくとも前記二次粒子の内部における前記一次粒子同士の界面にはM1が存在し、
前記負極は、負極活物質を含む負極合材層と、前記負極合材層の表面に形成されたM2を含有する被膜とを有し、前記負極におけるM2の含有率は、前記負極合材層と前記被膜の総質量に対して1000~10000ppmである、非水電解質二次電池。
構成2:
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、Mnを含有する、構成1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
構成3:
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Li層に存在する遷移金属元素の割合は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して3~7モル%である、構成1又は2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
構成4:
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、M2としてNbを含有し、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Nbの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して0.35~1モル%である、構成1~3のいずれか一つに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
構成5:
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Coの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して2~7モル%である、構成1~4のいずれか一つに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
Claims (5)
- 正極と、負極と、非水電解質とを備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極は、Ni、Co、M1(M1は、CaおよびSrから選択される少なくとも1種の元素)、およびM2(M2は、Nb、Zr、Ti、W、Al、Mo、Fe、B、P、Mg、およびSiから選択される少なくとも1種の元素)を含有するリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を含み、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、
Niの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して80モル%以上であり、
Coの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して7モル%以下であり、
M1の含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して1モル%以下であり、
M2の含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して3モル%以下であり、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、複数の一次粒子が凝集して形成された二次粒子であって、前記二次粒子の平均空隙率は1~5%であり、少なくとも前記二次粒子の内部における前記一次粒子同士の界面にはM1が存在し、
前記負極は、負極活物質を含む負極合材層と、前記負極合材層の表面に形成されたM2を含有する被膜とを有し、前記負極におけるM2の含有率は、前記負極合材層と前記被膜の総質量に対して1000~10000ppmである、非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、Mnを含有する、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Li層に存在する遷移金属元素の割合は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して3~7モル%である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、M2としてNbを含有し、
前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Nbの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して0.35~1モル%である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物において、Coの含有率は、Liを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して2~7モル%である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202380049063.3A CN119404334A (zh) | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-09 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
EP23831028.8A EP4550460A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-09 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
JP2024530629A JPWO2024004578A1 (ja) | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-09 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2022-105951 | 2022-06-30 | ||
JP2022105951 | 2022-06-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2024004578A1 true WO2024004578A1 (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
Family
ID=89382828
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2023/021476 WO2024004578A1 (ja) | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-09 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4550460A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2024004578A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN119404334A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2024004578A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006310181A (ja) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2009289726A (ja) | 2008-05-01 | 2009-12-10 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | リチウム遷移金属系化合物粉体、その製造方法及びその焼成前駆体となる噴霧乾燥体、並びに、それを用いたリチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
WO2017073682A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-04 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び非水系電解質二次電池 |
WO2022130982A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
-
2023
- 2023-06-09 JP JP2024530629A patent/JPWO2024004578A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-06-09 EP EP23831028.8A patent/EP4550460A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-09 WO PCT/JP2023/021476 patent/WO2024004578A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2023-06-09 CN CN202380049063.3A patent/CN119404334A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006310181A (ja) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2009289726A (ja) | 2008-05-01 | 2009-12-10 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | リチウム遷移金属系化合物粉体、その製造方法及びその焼成前駆体となる噴霧乾燥体、並びに、それを用いたリチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
WO2017073682A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-04 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び非水系電解質二次電池 |
WO2022130982A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2024004578A1 (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
EP4550460A1 (en) | 2025-05-07 |
CN119404334A (zh) | 2025-02-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7641543B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池、及び非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
WO2022092182A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
US20240055595A1 (en) | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery | |
JP7325050B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池、及び非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
WO2021059857A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2023189557A1 (ja) | 円筒形二次電池 | |
JP7573196B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7539393B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7324120B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7324119B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2021172445A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7588079B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7662523B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2024070220A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2024004577A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2023054041A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2022209894A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2024004578A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2022070648A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP7539392B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2021172446A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2023204077A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2024062866A1 (ja) | 二次電池用正極活物質および二次電池 | |
WO2024062848A1 (ja) | 二次電池用正極活物質および二次電池 | |
WO2024024364A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23831028 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2024530629 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202447103182 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023831028 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023831028 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20250130 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2023831028 Country of ref document: EP |