WO2023171295A1 - 建設機械の制御装置およびこれを備えた建設機械 - Google Patents
建設機械の制御装置およびこれを備えた建設機械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023171295A1 WO2023171295A1 PCT/JP2023/005515 JP2023005515W WO2023171295A1 WO 2023171295 A1 WO2023171295 A1 WO 2023171295A1 JP 2023005515 W JP2023005515 W JP 2023005515W WO 2023171295 A1 WO2023171295 A1 WO 2023171295A1
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- rotation speed
- engine
- control
- control device
- hydraulic pump
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2246—Control of prime movers, e.g. depending on the hydraulic load of work tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2232—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using one or more variable displacement pumps
- E02F9/2235—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using one or more variable displacement pumps including an electronic controller
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2296—Systems with a variable displacement pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2285—Pilot-operated systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2292—Systems with two or more pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a construction machine control device and a construction machine equipped with the same.
- construction machines include an engine, a hydraulic pump that discharges hydraulic oil using the driving force of the engine, and an actuator that is driven by receiving hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump.
- the engine is driven to rotate so as to achieve the target rotation speed.
- the hydraulic pump receives a command value for a discharge amount (tilting command) and is driven to achieve the discharge amount.
- the hydraulic pump and the engine are connected via a coupling device such as a coupling.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an engine control technology that combines feedforward control and feedback control in order to improve the operability of such construction machinery.
- the engine control device includes a required load calculation means that calculates, as a required load, the output of the engine required to drive the hydraulic pump in accordance with the operation of the actuator, and an engine controller.
- the engine controller includes a feedforward control means for adding a fuel injection increase amount preset according to the required load to the fuel injection amount of the engine when the required load is calculated by the required load calculation means; When the fuel injection amount is increased by the control means, if the deviation between the peak value of the actual rotational speed and the target rotational speed exceeds a predetermined determination threshold, an injection that corrects the preset fuel injection increase amount by decreasing the fuel injection amount.
- Amount correction means is provided.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a construction machine that can quickly stabilize the engine speed, and a construction machine equipped with the same.
- the present invention provides an engine, an engine controller that controls the engine according to a rotational speed command signal, a variable displacement hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine and discharges hydraulic oil, and
- This is a control device for construction machinery including an actuator that operates in response to a supply of hydraulic oil.
- the control device includes a rotation speed detection section that detects the rotation speed of the engine, and a control section that corrects the input target rotation speed of the engine and inputs it to the engine controller as the rotation speed command signal.
- the control unit is capable of performing feedforward control and feedback control, respectively.
- the control unit calculates a load torque speed applied to the engine based on a discharge amount commanded to the hydraulic pump, and corrects the target rotation speed according to at least the load torque speed.
- the control section corrects the target rotation speed according to a deviation between the target rotation speed and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection section.
- the load torque speed is a change over time in the load torque applied to the engine.
- the construction machine includes an engine, a variable displacement hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine and discharges hydraulic oil, an actuator that operates by receiving hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, and a rotation speed of the engine. and the construction machine control device described above.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a construction machine equipped with a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control section of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing of the control unit in the control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in engine speed in a construction machine equipped with a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the operation amount of the control lever and the flow rate of the hydraulic pump in a construction machine equipped with a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between load torque speed and engine rotation speed correction amount in a construction machine equipped with a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic excavator 100 (construction machine) equipped with an engine control device 100A (FIG. 2) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This hydraulic excavator 100 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 1 that can run on a running surface, and is mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be able to turn around a turning center axis perpendicular to the traveling surface.
- the rotating upper structure 2 aircraft body
- the rotating upper structure 2 includes a revolving upper structure 2 (aircraft body), and a work attachment 3 mounted on the revolving upper structure 2.
- the work attachment 3 includes a boom 4 that is supported by the upper revolving structure 2 so as to be able to raise and lower, an arm 5 that is rotatably connected to the tip of the boom 4, and a boom 4 that is rotatably connected to the tip of the arm 5.
- a bucket 6 is provided.
- the upper revolving body 2 has a revolving frame 2S and a cab 2A.
- the hydraulic excavator 100 includes a boom cylinder 7 that operates to raise and lower the boom 4 with respect to the upper revolving structure 2, and an arm cylinder that operates to rotate the arm 5 with respect to the boom 4. 8, and a bucket cylinder 9 that operates to rotate the bucket 6 with respect to the arm 5.
- FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the engine control device 100A (control device) according to the present embodiment.
- the engine control device 100A includes a first hydraulic pump 11 (hydraulic pump) and a second hydraulic pump 12 connected to the engine 10, a first pump pressure sensor 11P, and a second pump pressure sensor. 12P, tank T, pilot pump 20, boom cylinder 7, arm cylinder 8, boom control valve 15, arm control valve 16, first valve proportional valve 21, second valve proportional valve 22 , a third valve proportional valve 23, a fourth valve proportional valve 24, a lever lock valve 25, an operating section 30, a control section 50, and an ECU 55.
- FIG. 2 illustration of the swing motor provided in the bucket cylinder 9 and the swing frame 2S, and the hydraulic circuit related thereto is omitted.
- the engine 10 receives a fuel injection command signal, injects fuel in an amount corresponding to the signal, rotates, and generates driving force.
- the engine 10 includes an engine rotation speed sensor 101 (rotation speed detection section) and a supercharging pressure sensor 102.
- Engine rotation speed sensor 101 detects the rotation speed of engine 10 and inputs a signal according to the detection result to control unit 50 .
- the boost pressure sensor 102 detects the boost pressure of the engine 10 and inputs a signal according to the detection result to the control unit 50.
- the first hydraulic pump 11 mainly discharges hydraulic oil for operating the boom cylinder 7.
- the second hydraulic pump 12 discharges hydraulic oil for operating the arm cylinder 8.
- the pilot pump 20 supplies pilot oil to each proportional valve.
- the first hydraulic pump 11, the second hydraulic pump 12, and the pilot pump 20 are connected to the output shaft of the engine 10 via a coupling joint, and are driven by the engine 10. Note that in FIG. 2, illustration of the connection between the engine 10 and the pilot pump 20 is omitted.
- the first hydraulic pump 11 and the second hydraulic pump 12 are variable displacement hydraulic pumps.
- the first hydraulic pump 11 has the first pump proportional valve 111 and the second hydraulic pump 12 has the second hydraulic pump proportional valve 121. These proportional valves open in response to a command signal received from the control unit 50, and adjust the discharge amount (tilting) of the first hydraulic pump 11 and the second hydraulic pump 12.
- the first pump pressure sensor 11P pressure detection unit detects the pump pressure of the first hydraulic pump 11 (pressure of hydraulic oil discharged from the first hydraulic pump 11).
- the second pump pressure sensor 12P detects the pump pressure of the second hydraulic pump 12 (pressure of hydraulic fluid discharged from the second hydraulic pump 12). Signals corresponding to the pump pressures detected by these pump pressure sensors are input to the control section 50.
- the boom cylinder 7 is an actuator that operates to cause the boom 4 to perform a boom lowering operation and a boom raising operation by being supplied with hydraulic oil discharged by the first hydraulic pump 11.
- the boom cylinder 7 includes a cylinder body and a piston rod that includes a partition portion (piston portion) that partitions the cylinder body into a head chamber and a rod chamber and is movable relative to the cylinder body.
- a partition portion that partitions the cylinder body into a head chamber and a rod chamber and is movable relative to the cylinder body.
- the arm cylinder 8 is an actuator that operates to cause the arm 5 to perform an arm pushing operation and an arm pulling operation by being supplied with hydraulic oil discharged by the second hydraulic pump 12.
- the arm cylinder 8 also includes a cylinder body and a piston rod that includes a partition portion (piston portion) that partitions the cylinder body into a head chamber and a rod chamber, and is movable relative to the cylinder body.
- the boom cylinder 7 is equipped with a boom motion detection sensor 7S
- the arm cylinder 8 is equipped with an arm motion detection sensor 8S.
- the boom operation detection sensor 7S can detect the driving state of the boom 4 by detecting the expansion and contraction stroke of the boom cylinder 7.
- the arm motion detection sensor 8S can detect the driving state of the arm 5 by detecting the expansion and contraction stroke of the arm cylinder 8.
- the boom motion detection sensor 7S and the arm motion detection sensor 8S are stroke sensors, but in other embodiments they may be angle sensors that detect the angles of the boom 4 and the arm 5.
- the boom control valve 15 is interposed between the first hydraulic pump 11 and the boom cylinder 7 and opens and closes to change the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the first hydraulic pump 11 to the boom cylinder 7.
- the boom control valve 15 is a pilot-operated three-position directional valve having a boom lowering pilot port 151 and a boom raising pilot port 152.
- the boom control valve 15 is maintained at a neutral position P2 when no pilot pressure is input to either the boom lowering pilot port 151 or the boom raising pilot port 151, 152, and cuts off between the first hydraulic pump 11 and the boom cylinder 7. do.
- a relief valve (not shown) is arranged between the first hydraulic pump 11 and the boom control valve 15.
- the boom control valve 15 When the boom lowering pilot pressure is input to the boom lowering pilot port 151, the boom control valve 15 is switched from the neutral position P2 to the boom lowering position P1 with a stroke corresponding to the magnitude of the boom lowering pilot pressure. This allows hydraulic oil to be supplied from the first hydraulic pump 11 to the rod chamber of the boom cylinder 7 at a flow rate corresponding to the stroke, and also prevents hydraulic oil from being discharged from the head chamber of the boom cylinder 7. Open the valve to allow. As a result, the boom cylinder 7 is driven in the boom lowering direction at a speed corresponding to the boom lowering pilot pressure.
- the boom control valve 15 When the boom-up pilot pressure is input to the boom-up pilot port 152, the boom control valve 15 is switched from the neutral position P2 to the boom-up position P3 with a stroke corresponding to the magnitude of the boom-up pilot pressure. This allows hydraulic oil to be supplied from the first hydraulic pump 11 to the head chamber of the boom cylinder 7 at a flow rate corresponding to the stroke, and also prevents hydraulic oil from being discharged from the rod chamber of the boom cylinder 7. Boom control valve 15 opens to allow. As a result, the boom cylinder 7 is driven in the boom-raising direction at a speed corresponding to the boom-raising pilot pressure.
- the arm control valve 16 is interposed between the second hydraulic pump 12 and the arm cylinder 8 and opens and closes to change the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the second hydraulic pump 12 to the arm cylinder 8.
- the arm control valve 16 is a pilot-operated three-position directional valve having an arm push pilot port 161 and an arm pull pilot port 162.
- the arm control valve 16 is maintained at the neutral position P5 when no pilot pressure is input to either the arm push or arm pull pilot ports 161, 162, and blocks the connection between the second hydraulic pump 12 and the arm cylinder 8. Note that a relief valve (not shown) is arranged between the second hydraulic pump 12 and the arm control valve 16.
- the arm control valve 16 When the arm push pilot pressure is input to the arm push pilot port 161, the arm control valve 16 is switched from the neutral position P5 to the arm push position P4 with a stroke corresponding to the magnitude of the arm push pilot pressure. This allows hydraulic oil to be supplied from the second hydraulic pump 12 to the rod chamber of the arm cylinder 8 at a flow rate corresponding to the stroke, and also prevents hydraulic oil from returning from the head chamber of the arm cylinder 8 to the tank. The arm control valve 16 opens to allow this. As a result, the arm cylinder 8 is driven in the arm pushing direction at a speed corresponding to the arm pushing pilot pressure.
- the arm control valve 16 When the arm pull pilot pressure is input to the arm pull pilot port 162, the arm control valve 16 is switched from the neutral position P5 to the arm pull position P6 with a stroke corresponding to the magnitude of the arm pull pilot pressure. This allows the hydraulic oil to be supplied from the second hydraulic pump 12 to the head chamber of the arm cylinder 8 at a flow rate corresponding to the stroke, and also prevents the hydraulic oil from returning from the rod chamber of the arm cylinder 8 to the tank. Open the valve to allow. As a result, the arm cylinder 8 is driven in the arm pulling direction at a speed corresponding to the arm pulling pilot pressure.
- the operating unit 30 is disposed in the cab 2A, and receives various operations by the operator to operate the hydraulic excavator 100.
- the operating section 30 includes a boom operating section 31, an arm operating section 32, a dial switch 33, and a lever lock switch 34.
- the boom operation unit 31 receives a boom lowering operation and a boom raising operation to cause the boom 4 to perform a boom lowering operation and a boom raising operation, respectively.
- the boom operation section 31 includes a boom operation lever 31A that receives an operation for driving the boom cylinder 7, and a boom command output section 31B.
- the boom operation lever 31A is a member that can rotate in response to the boom lowering operation and the boom raising operation by the operator.
- the boom lowering operation and the boom raising operation are operations for rotating the boom operating lever 31A in opposite directions.
- the boom command output unit 31B inputs a command signal corresponding to the boom-up operation and the boom-down operation to the control unit 50 in conjunction with the boom-up operation and the boom-down operation applied to the boom operation lever 31A.
- the command signal includes information corresponding to the operating direction and operating amount of the boom operating lever 31A.
- the arm operating section 32 (operating device) receives an arm pushing operation and an arm pulling operation to cause the arm 5 to perform an arm pushing operation and an arm pulling operation, respectively.
- the arm operation section 32 includes an arm operation lever 32A that receives an operation for driving the arm cylinder 8, and an arm command output section 32B.
- the arm operating lever 32A is a member that can rotate in response to arm pushing and pulling operations by the operator.
- the arm pushing operation and the arm pulling operation are operations in which the arm operating lever 32A is rotated in opposite directions.
- the arm command output unit 32B inputs a command signal corresponding to one of the arm pushing operation and arm pulling operation applied to the arm operating lever 32A to the control unit 50.
- the command signal includes information corresponding to the operating direction and operating amount of the arm operating lever 32A.
- the dial switch 33 receives input of the target rotation speed of the engine 10.
- the dial switch 33 is a rotatable dial, and is operated (rotated) by the operator to set the target rotation speed of the engine 10 .
- the dial switch 33 includes an operation amount transmitter (not shown).
- the operation amount transmitting section inputs a signal (operation amount signal, rotation speed signal) corresponding to the target rotation speed to the control section 50 .
- the lever lock switch 34 is a switch for switching between supplying and cutting off pilot oil to the boom control valve 15 and arm control valve 16.
- pilot oil is allowed to be supplied to the first proportional valve 21, the second proportional valve 22, the third proportional valve 23, and the fourth proportional valve 24.
- a command signal (drive signal) is input to the lever lock valve 25.
- the lever lock switch 34 is set to OFF, the supply of pilot oil to the first valve proportional valve 21, the second valve proportional valve 22, the third valve proportional valve 23, and the fourth valve proportional valve 24 is blocked. Then, a command signal is input to the lever lock valve 25.
- pilot pressure corresponding to the operation input to the boom operation lever 31A of the boom operation section 31 is input from the pilot pump 20 to the boom control valve 15. It operates to allow this.
- pilot pressure corresponding to the operation input to the arm operating lever 32A of the arm operating section 32 is applied to the arm control valve 16 from the pilot pump 20. Open the valve to allow input.
- the boom operation section 31 and the arm operation section 32 have remote control valves, and the boom control valve 15 and the arm control valve 15 and the arm control valve 15 and An embodiment may also be adopted in which the pilot pressure of the valve 16 is directly adjusted.
- each lever may be an electric lever.
- the lever lock valve 25 is arranged to be interposed between the pilot pump 20 and each valve proportional valve.
- the lever lock valve 25 opens by receiving a signal (lock release signal) corresponding to the state of the lever lock switch 34 from the control unit 50, and is in a state where the supply of pilot oil to each valve proportional valve is permitted and cut off. The state changes.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the control unit 50 of the engine control device 100A according to the present embodiment.
- the control unit 50 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores a control program, a RAM (Random Access Memory) that is used as a work area for the CPU, and the like.
- the control unit 50 functions to include functional units of a calculation unit 501, a determination unit 502, and a storage unit 503 when the CPU executes a control program stored in the ROM. These functional units do not have substance but correspond to units of functions executed by the control program. Note that all or part of the control unit 50 is not limited to being provided within the hydraulic excavator 100, and may be located at a different position from the hydraulic excavator 100 when the hydraulic excavator 100 is remotely controlled. .
- control program may be transmitted to and executed by the control unit 50 in the hydraulic excavator 100 from a remote server (management device) or cloud, or the control program may be executed on the server or cloud, Various generated command signals may be transmitted to the hydraulic excavator 100.
- the calculation unit 501 executes calculation processing required in various processes executed by the control unit 50.
- the determination unit 502 executes determination processing required in various processes executed by the control unit 50.
- the storage unit 503 stores parameters and threshold values required in various processes executed by the control unit 50.
- the control unit 50 also includes a boom operation lever 31A, an arm operation lever 32A, a dial switch 33, a lever lock switch 34, an engine speed sensor 101, a supercharging pressure sensor 102, a first pump pressure sensor 11P, and a second pump. Various signals are received from the pressure sensor 12P, the boom motion detection sensor 7S, and the arm motion detection sensor 8S. Furthermore, the control unit 50 includes an ECU 55, a first pump proportional valve 111, a second hydraulic pump proportional valve 121, a first valve proportional valve 21, a second valve proportional valve 22, a third valve proportional valve 23, and a fourth valve proportional valve. Various command signals are input to the lever lock valve 24 and the lever lock valve 25.
- control unit 50 converts the operating lever amount signal received from the operating unit 30 into a target pump discharge command signal, and inputs the signal to the first pump proportional valve 111 and the second hydraulic pump proportional valve 121.
- the control unit 50 also converts the operating lever amount signal received from the operating unit 30 into a target valve spool stroke amount command signal, and converts the control lever amount signal received from the operation unit 30 into a target valve spool stroke amount command signal, and The fourth valve is inputted to the proportional valve 24.
- control unit 50 converts the dial switch operation amount received by the dial switch 33 into a target engine rotation speed command signal.
- An ECU (Engine Control Unit) 55 receives a rotation speed command signal (command signal) from the control unit 50 and controls the engine to rotate the engine 10 at a predetermined actual rotation speed with a fuel injection amount according to the rotation speed command signal. Control 10.
- the control unit 50 can perform feedforward control and feedback control.
- the control section 50 determines the discharge amount Q (discharge amount command) of the first hydraulic pump 11 and the second hydraulic pump 12 according to the operation amount of the operation input to the operation section 30, and
- the time change in the load torque Tr applied to the engine 10 is determined from the discharge amount Q, the rotation speed Nr detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 101, and the pump pressure P detected by the first pump pressure sensor 11P and the second pump pressure sensor 12P.
- a load torque speed Trs is calculated, and a correction value for the target rotation speed of the engine 10 is set in accordance with at least the load torque speed.
- the control unit 50 controls the target rotation speed of the engine 10 according to the deviation between the target rotation speed Nd (rotation speed command) input through the dial switch 33 and the rotation speed Nr detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 101. Set the rotation speed correction value.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing engine control processing executed by the control unit 50 in the engine control device 100A according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in engine speed in the hydraulic excavator 100 equipped with the engine control device 100A.
- the rotation speed command value to the ECU 55 is shown in a broken line graph, and the actual rotation speed of the engine 10 is shown in a solid line graph.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the operating amount of the operating lever and the flow rate of the hydraulic pump in the hydraulic excavator 100 equipped with the engine control device 100A.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the load torque speed and the rotation speed correction amount of the engine 10 in the hydraulic excavator 100 equipped with the engine control device 100A.
- the engine 10 is started by the operator turning the engine key inside the cab 2A (step S1 in FIG. 4).
- the dial switch 33 is set to the default setting (Low idle)
- the lever lock switch 34 is in the OFF state
- the pilot hydraulic circuit is closed by the lever lock valve 25. That is, the operation unit 30 is in an unoperated state.
- the engine 10 is rotating at an idle speed.
- step S3 the determination unit 502 of the control unit 50 determines whether the lever lock switch 34 has been operated to the ON state.
- the lever lock switch 34 is turned on, the pilot hydraulic circuit is opened (YES in step S3).
- the determination unit 502 repeats the determination in step S3 until the lever lock switch 34 is turned on.
- the engine 10 in the no-load state is rotating at the target rotation speed (actual rotation speed).
- the determination unit 502 determines whether there is a lever operation input to the boom operation lever 31A of the operation unit 30 (step S4). Here, if there is a lever operation input (YES in step S4), the control unit 50 starts forward forward control (FF control). Note that if there is no lever operation input (NO in step S4), the determination unit 502 repeats the determination in step S4.
- the calculation unit 501 calculates the load torque speed (step S6). At this time, the calculation unit 501 calculates the required pump flow rate Q (L/min) from the operation amount received by the operation lever 31A of the operation unit 30 and the map information shown in FIG. 6 stored in the storage unit 503 in advance. decide. Furthermore, the calculation unit 501 calculates the required pump displacement q (cc /rev).
- a command signal corresponding to the required pump tilting q is input to the first pump proportional valve 111 of the first hydraulic pump 11, and the discharge amount (tilting) of the first hydraulic pump 11 is adjusted.
- a command signal is input to the first valve proportional valve 21 or the second valve proportional valve 22 according to the operation amount input to the boom operation lever 31A, and the movement amount (stroke amount) of the spool of the boom control valve 15 is is adjusted.
- the calculation unit 501 calculates the latest first hydraulic pump from the required pump tilt q calculated based on Equation 1 and the actual pump pressure P (MPa) (pump pressure) detected by the first pump pressure sensor 11P.
- the output torque of No. 11, that is, the load torque Tr (Nm) is calculated based on the following equation 2.
- the calculation unit 501 calculates the load torque speed Trs (Nm/sec) by differentiating the load torque Tr calculated by Equation 2 with respect to the sampling time ⁇ t (sec) as shown in Equation 3 below.
- the calculation unit 501 determines a correction value ⁇ Nff for the target rotation speed command of the engine 10 from the characteristic value map shown in FIG. (Step S7).
- the correction value is set such that the larger the calculated load torque speed Trs, the larger the correction value ⁇ Nff of the target rotational speed command.
- a regression equation for a graph such as that shown in FIG. 7 may be stored in advance in the storage unit 503, and the calculation unit 501 may calculate the correction value ⁇ Nff based on the regression equation.
- the engine control device 100A can acquire information corresponding to the boost pressure detected by the boost pressure sensor 102 of the engine 10. For this reason, it is desirable that the storage unit 503 stores a plurality of characteristic value maps depending on the boost pressure (a plurality of pressure regions) of the engine 10.
- the possible output is determined by the amount of supercharging pressure. Therefore, as described above, by setting the correction value ⁇ Nff according to the boost pressure, more stable rotation speed control can be performed.
- the control unit 50 inputs to the ECU 55 a command signal in which the correction value ⁇ Nff determined as described above is reflected in the target rotation speed input to the dial switch 33 (step S8, FF rotation speed command correction). .
- the ECU 55 corrects the fuel injection amount command value and the like in accordance with the correction amount, and increases the actual rotation speed of the engine 10.
- the control unit 50 inputs a command signal to the ECU 55 so as to maintain the maximum value of the target rotation speed correction value for a certain period of time.
- the determination unit 502 of the control unit 50 determines whether the actuator (ACT), that is, the boom cylinder 7 has accelerated (step S9). In other words, in response to the discharge command to the first pump proportional valve 111 of the first hydraulic pump 11 and the valve stroke command to the boom control valve 15, hydraulic oil flows into the boom cylinder 7, and the boom 4 is driven. It is determined whether or not it has been done.
- the control unit 50 ends execution of the feedforward control (step S10) and shifts to feedback control (FB control) (step S11). Note that if the boom cylinder 7 is not accelerating in step S9 (NO in step S9), the storage unit 503 repeats the acceleration determination of the boom cylinder 7 in step S9.
- the calculation unit 501 calculates the rotation speed deviation (step S12). At this time, the calculation unit 501 calculates the deviation between the target rotation speed Nd (rpm) of the engine 10 set by the dial switch 33 and the actual engine rotation speed Nr (rpm) detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 101. . Further, the calculation unit 501 calculates a rotation speed correction command value in feedback control based on the deviation calculated above (step S13). In the present embodiment, as shown in Equation 4 below, the deviation between the target rotation speed Nd (rpm) and the actual engine rotation speed Nr (rpm) is directly used as the rotation speed correction value ⁇ Nfb.
- control unit 50 inputs a command signal (corrected engine rotation speed command) according to the calculated rotation speed correction value ⁇ Nfb to the ECU 55 (step S14, arrow E in FIG. 5).
- the ECU 55 corrects the fuel injection amount command, etc. according to the correction amount, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the engine 10 to approach the target rotation speed (arrow F in FIG. 5).
- step S15 determines whether the lever lock switch 34 has been switched to the OFF state.
- the control unit 50 ends the feedforward control (step S16) and ends the engine control in FIG. 4.
- step S15 if the lever lock switch 34 remains in the ON state (NO in step S15), the control unit 50 repeats the processing from step S12 onwards. That is, feedback control continues to be executed so that the deviation between the actual engine speed and the target engine speed becomes zero.
- control unit 50 performs feedforward control and Feedforward control can be performed respectively.
- the feedforward control executed by the control unit 50 suppresses the amount of reduction in the rotation speed of the engine 10 with respect to the load torque of the first hydraulic pump 11, and the rotation speed of the engine 10 is early reduced by the feedback control.
- the rotation speed can be statically fixed to the target rotation speed.
- the command correction amount in feedforward control is determined according to the load torque speed, under conditions where the input speed is slow and the amount of rotational speed reduction is small even with the same load torque, it is possible to determine the optimum rotational speed while suppressing the correction amount. Since correction control becomes possible, the rotational speed of the engine 10 can be stabilized at an early stage, and the fuel consumption of the engine 10 can be suppressed more than in conventional engine control devices.
- the pump discharge amount command input by the control unit 50 to the first pump proportional valve 111 does not change according to fluctuations in engine speed
- the pump discharge amount is determined by the operation amount input by the operator to the boom operation lever 31A.
- a command is set, and flow rate compensation according to the manipulated variable becomes possible.
- the rotation speed of the engine 10 can be adjusted simply by inputting a command signal corresponding to the corrected target rotation speed to the ECU 55.
- the correction control of the rotation speed of the engine 10 does not intervene in the control parameters on the ECU 55 side, it is not necessary to change the design of the engine 10 and the ECU 55 for the rotation speed control, and the development period and cost can be shortened. Ru.
- the control unit 50 controls the set pump discharge amount Q, the rotation speed Nr detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 101, and the first pump pressure sensor 11P detected by the first pump pressure sensor 11P.
- the load torque speed Trs is calculated from the pump pressure P of the hydraulic pump 11.
- the latest load torque speed can be easily calculated from the actual rotational speed of the engine 10 and the discharge pressure of the first hydraulic pump 11.
- the engine control device 100A further includes a boom operation detection sensor 7S (operation detection section) that detects that the boom cylinder 7 is operating. Then, when the boom operation detection sensor 7S detects that the boom cylinder 7 is operating after the boom operation lever 31A receives an operation for driving the boom cylinder 7, the control unit 50 controls the feedforward control. Stop execution.
- a boom operation detection sensor 7S operation detection section
- the correction value of the target rotation speed is set such that the larger the calculated load torque speed is, the larger the correction value of the target rotation speed becomes.
- the control unit 50 sets the maximum value of the correction value of the target rotation speed of the engine 10 according to the load torque speed, and sets the target so that the maximum value is maintained for a certain period of time. Correct the rotation speed.
- the rotation speed command value for the ECU 55 is held in a high range, and the rotation speed reduction amount immediately after load torque is generated. can be further reduced.
- the engine control device 100A further includes a boost pressure sensor 102 (supercharging pressure detection section) that detects the boost pressure of the engine 10. Then, in the feedforward control, the control unit 50 corrects the target rotation speed according to the load torque speed and the boost pressure detected by the boost pressure sensor 102.
- a boost pressure sensor 102 supercharging pressure detection section
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and can take, for example, the following modified embodiments.
- the boom operation lever 31A is operated and the load torque of the first hydraulic pump 11 is applied to the engine 10.
- the operation speed or amount of operation of the boom 4, arm 5, and bucket 6 calculated by the control unit 50 to operate the work attachment 3 based on the target position, target surface, target posture, target trajectory, etc. in the work. It may be calculated as an operation command, and the discharge amount of the first hydraulic pump 11 or the second hydraulic pump 12 may be controlled based on the operation command.
- the dial switch 33 is a rotatable dial, and the description is given in a manner in which the operator operates (rotates) the dial switch 33 in order to set the target rotation speed of the engine 10.
- the control unit 50 may set the target rotation speed based on the work performed by the shovel 100, the operation, the state of the machine, etc., instead of the rotation of the dial switch 33.
- the hydraulic excavator 100 includes the first hydraulic pump 11 and the second hydraulic pump 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first hydraulic pump 11 and the second hydraulic pump One of the pumps 12 may be omitted. In such a case, the hydraulic oil discharged from the other hydraulic pump is supplied to the boom cylinder 7 and also to the arm cylinder 8.
- the tip attachment of the work attachment 3 is not limited to a bucket, but may be other tip attachments such as a grapple, crusher, breaker, or fork.
- the construction machine on which the control device of the present invention is mounted is not limited to the hydraulic excavator, but may be another construction machine.
- the fuselage is the undercarriage 1, but the fuselage is not limited to one that can travel like the undercarriage 1, but is installed at a specific location and drives the upper revolving structure 2. It may also be a supporting base.
- correcting a predetermined command value such as the rotation speed may be performed by correcting the command value and then inputting a signal corresponding to the corrected command value to an input destination, or by inputting a signal corresponding to the corrected command value to an input destination,
- the signal corresponding to a predetermined command value may be corrected and then input to the input destination.
- the correction target may be the command value itself or the value (magnitude) of the signal corresponding thereto.
- the present invention provides an engine, an engine controller that controls the engine according to a rotational speed command signal, a variable displacement hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine and discharges hydraulic oil, and
- This is a control device for construction machinery including an actuator that operates in response to a supply of hydraulic oil.
- the control device includes a rotation speed detection section that detects the rotation speed of the engine, and a control section that corrects the input target rotation speed of the engine and inputs it to the engine controller as the rotation speed command signal.
- the control unit is capable of performing feedforward control and feedback control, respectively.
- the control unit calculates a load torque speed applied to the engine based on a discharge amount commanded to the hydraulic pump, and corrects the target rotation speed according to at least the load torque speed.
- the control section corrects the target rotation speed according to a deviation between the target rotation speed and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection section.
- the load torque speed is a change over time in the load torque applied to the engine.
- the feedforward control executed by the control unit suppresses the amount of decrease in the engine rotation speed relative to the load torque of the hydraulic pump, and the feedback control quickly stabilizes the engine rotation speed to the target rotation speed. I can do it.
- the amount of correction of the target rotational speed is determined according to the load torque speed, so under conditions where the input speed is slow and the amount of rotational speed reduction is small even with the same load torque, it is necessary to suppress the correction amount. This makes it possible to stabilize the engine speed at an early stage and suppress engine fuel consumption more than with conventional engine control devices.
- the controller further includes a pressure detection section that detects the pump pressure of the hydraulic pump, and the control section detects the discharge amount, the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection section, and the pressure detection section. It is desirable to calculate the load torque speed based on the pump pressure.
- the latest load torque speed can be easily calculated from the actual engine speed and the pump pressure of the hydraulic pump.
- the above configuration further includes an operation detection section that detects that the actuator is operating, and when the operation detection section detects that the actuator is operating, the control section controls the feedforward control. It is desirable to stop the execution of .
- control unit corrects the target rotational speed in the feedforward control such that the larger the calculated load torque speed, the larger the target rotational speed.
- the control unit sets a maximum value of the correction value of the target rotation speed according to the load torque speed, and controls the target rotation speed so that the maximum value is maintained for a certain period of time. It is desirable to correct the numbers.
- the rotation speed command to the engine is maintained in a high range, further reducing the rotation speed drop immediately after load torque is generated. be able to.
- control unit further includes a boost pressure detection unit that detects the boost pressure of the engine, and in the feedforward control, the control unit detects the load torque speed and the boost pressure detected by the boost pressure detection unit. It is desirable to correct the target rotational speed according to the boost pressure.
- control unit further includes an operating device for operating the actuator, and an input unit for inputting a target rotation speed of the engine, and the control unit controls the operating amount of the operating device according to the operating amount of the operating device.
- the discharge amount to be commanded to the hydraulic pump may be set.
- the feedforward control executed by the control unit suppresses the amount of reduction in the engine rotational speed relative to the load torque of the hydraulic pump, and the feedback control quickly increases the rotational speed of the engine.
- the number of revolutions can be statically fixed to the target number of revolutions.
- the construction machine includes an engine, a variable displacement hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine and discharges hydraulic oil, an actuator that operates by receiving hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, and a rotation speed of the engine. and the construction machine control device described above.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- エンジンと、回転数指令信号に応じて当該エンジンを制御するエンジンコントローラと、前記エンジンによって駆動される可変容量式の油圧ポンプと、前記油圧ポンプからの作動油の供給を受けて作動するアクチュエータとを含む建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記エンジンの回転数を検出する回転数検出部と、
入力された前記エンジンの目標回転数を補正し、前記回転数指令信号として前記エンジンコントローラに入力する制御部であって、前記油圧ポンプに対して指令される吐出量に基づいて前記エンジンにかかる負荷トルク速度を演算し、前記負荷トルク速度に応じて前記目標回転数を補正するフィードフォワード制御と、前記目標回転数と前記回転数検出部によって検出された前記回転数との偏差に応じて前記目標回転数を補正するフィードバック制御とを実行する制御部と、を備える、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記油圧ポンプのポンプ圧を検出する圧力検出部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記吐出量と前記回転数検出部によって検出された前記回転数と前記圧力検出部によって検出された前記ポンプ圧とに基づいて前記負荷トルク速度を演算する、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記アクチュエータが作動していることを検出する作動検出部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記アクチュエータが作動していることを前記作動検出部が検出した場合、前記フィードフォワード制御の実行を停止する、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記制御部は、前記フィードフォワード制御において、前記演算された負荷トルク速度が大きいほど前記目標回転数が大きくなるように当該目標回転数を補正する、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記制御部は、前記フィードフォワード制御において、前記負荷トルク速度に応じて前記目標回転数の補正値の最大値を設定し、当該最大値を一定時間維持するように前記目標回転数を補正する、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記エンジンの過給圧力を検出する過給圧検出部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記フィードフォワード制御において、前記負荷トルク速度および前記過給圧検出部によって検出された前記過給圧力に応じて前記目標回転数を補正する、建設機械の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の建設機械の制御装置であって、
前記アクチュエータを操作するための操作装置と、
前記エンジンの目標回転数を入力するための入力部と、
を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記操作装置の操作量に応じて前記油圧ポンプに指令する前記吐出量を設定する、建設機械の制御装置。 - エンジンと、
前記エンジンによって駆動され作動油を吐出する可変容量式の油圧ポンプと、
前記油圧ポンプから吐出される作動油を受け入れることで作動するアクチュエータと、
前記エンジンの回転数を制御する、請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の建設機械の制御装置と、
を備える、建設機械。
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CN202380023508.0A CN118749041A (zh) | 2022-03-09 | 2023-02-16 | 工程机械的控制装置及具备该控制装置的工程机械 |
EP23766475.0A EP4464885A4 (en) | 2022-03-09 | 2023-02-16 | CONTROL DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY AND CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY EQUIPPED WITH SAME |
US18/839,103 US20250163679A1 (en) | 2022-03-09 | 2023-02-16 | Control device for construction machine and construction machine equipped with same |
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JP2011190788A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-29 | Komatsu Ltd | エンジンの制御装置 |
JP2012202220A (ja) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-10-22 | Yanmar Co Ltd | 作業機械のエンジン制御 |
JP2014125949A (ja) | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-07 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 建設機械のエンジン制御装置 |
US20140343829A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-20 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Method for controlling rpm of construction machine engine |
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JP3587957B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 2004-11-10 | 日立建機株式会社 | 建設機械のエンジン制御装置 |
BR112012015598B1 (pt) * | 2009-12-24 | 2019-08-27 | Doosan Infracore Co Ltd | aparelho de controle de potência e método de controle de potência para maquinaria de construção |
WO2016017674A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-04 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | ショベル |
WO2016147269A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-22 | 日立建機株式会社 | ハイブリッド建設機械の制御装置 |
JP7406042B2 (ja) * | 2021-02-25 | 2023-12-26 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械 |
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JP2011190788A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-29 | Komatsu Ltd | エンジンの制御装置 |
JP2012202220A (ja) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-10-22 | Yanmar Co Ltd | 作業機械のエンジン制御 |
US20140343829A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-20 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Method for controlling rpm of construction machine engine |
JP2014125949A (ja) | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-07 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 建設機械のエンジン制御装置 |
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