WO2023121555A1 - Cellule solaire imprimée avec partie périphérique saillante, angulaire, comprenant un pont de contact - Google Patents
Cellule solaire imprimée avec partie périphérique saillante, angulaire, comprenant un pont de contact Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023121555A1 WO2023121555A1 PCT/SE2022/051227 SE2022051227W WO2023121555A1 WO 2023121555 A1 WO2023121555 A1 WO 2023121555A1 SE 2022051227 W SE2022051227 W SE 2022051227W WO 2023121555 A1 WO2023121555 A1 WO 2023121555A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- printed
- solar cell
- edge portion
- cell body
- edge portions
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/88—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/16—Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
- H10F77/169—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
- H10F77/1698—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/93—Interconnections
- H10F77/933—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/935—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic devices or modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to printed solar cells, and more specifically to a printed solar cell comprising a cell body and edge portions.
- a printed solar cell also known as a wet processed solar cell, is a type of solar cell that uses organic or hybrid organic electronics.
- Organic electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with conductive organic polymers or small organic molecules for light absorption and charge transport to produce electricity from light by the photovoltaic effect.
- a printed solar cell commonly comprises a semiconductor printed on a substrate. This cell body is the area that harvests light, and is protected by encapsulating barrier foils.
- Such a solar cell may be a perovskite solar cell which includes a perovskite-structured compound as the light-harvesting substrate.
- Printed solar cells are becoming ever more efficient, and thus their applications increase rapidly.
- Printed solar cells are light energy harvesting modules that may not only harvest sunlight, but may also beneficially harvest artificial light indoors.
- Printed solar cells may thus power low-power applications such as small electric appliances that previously required batteries.
- Printed solar cells may also be applied in addition to batteries.
- Printed solar cells manufactured using low-cost adhesives are commonly provided with a wide border or edge portions of barrier foil around the cell body.
- the edge portions provide adhesion between the barrier foils, and provide a buffer against water and oxygen ingress through the sides.
- Printed solar cells are commonly sensitive to moisture and oxygen ingress, and wide edge portions thus provide a more robust printed solar cell. Wide edges also improve the production tolerances, and the risk of manufacturing defects is reduced, thus increasing production yield.
- Printed solar cells comprising narrow barrier foil edge portions around the cell body are commonly more exposed to malfunction, exhibit less resilience and also increase the risk of lower yield in production.
- Printed solar cells may preferably be mounted on top of a printed circuit board or similar device. Conducting the power generated by a traditional printed solar cell to the printed circuit board may require an additional manufacturing step, and as such be a time consuming and cumbersome process.
- the process of connecting the printed solar cell to a printed circuit board may advantageously be simplified in order to streamline the production of electric appliances comprising printed solar cells.
- a printed solar cell comprising a cell body, the cell body comprising; at least one foil of transparent, flexible substrate, a printed semiconductor provided on the at least one foil of flexible substrate, barrier foils for encapsulating the at least one foil of flexible substrate and the printed semiconductor; the printed solar cell further comprising at least one edge portion arranged around the cell body, the at least one edge portion comprising barrier foil; where at least one edge portion protrudes at an angle relative to the cell body and comprises a printed contact bridge for conducting electric current from the printed semiconductor.
- the cell body comprises a first foil of a transparent flexible substrate with a printed semiconductor laminated onto a second foil of a transparent flexible substrate with a printed semiconductor.
- two edge portions protrude at an angle relative to the cell body, each edge portion comprising a printed contact bridge for conducting electric current from the printed semiconductor.
- contact points are provided at the two edge portions comprising a printed contact bridge.
- the printed contact bridge is encapsulated by the barrier foils and the contact points pierce the barrier foils.
- the contact points are conducting arm elements angled relative to a plane of a corresponding edge portion and protrudes on an underside of the cell body.
- the printed solar cell comprises a cut out where two adjacent edge portions meet, for providing a smaller footprint and accommodating the angled edge portions.
- the at least one edge portion protrudes at an angle approximately 90° relative to the cell body.
- a method of forming at least one angled edge portion of a printed solar cell comprising a cell body comprising a semiconductor printed on a flexible substrate encapsulated by barrier foils, the method comprising the steps of: heating at least an edge portion of the printed solar cell; bending the at least one edge portion relative to the cell body.
- the method further comprising a step of removing material from where two adjacent edge portions meet prior to the step of heating at least an edge portion, in order to accommodate bending of the edge portions.
- the step of heating further comprises heating the at least edge portion up to approximately 80° Celsius.
- the step of bending comprises bending the at least one edge portion until it is bent approximately 90° relative to the cell body.
- Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a small electric appliance comprising a printed solar cell.
- Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a printed solar cell according to a first embodiment, mounted onto a printed circuit board.
- Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an underside of a printed solar cell according to the first embodiment, mounted onto of a printed circuit board.
- Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an underside of a printed solar cell according to a second embodiment.
- Fig. 5 shows a top view of a third embodiment of a printed solar cell, prior to the edge portions being angled.
- Fig. 6 shows a schematic partial cross section A-A through the cell body of the printed solar cell of figure 5.
- Fig. 7 shows a top view of another embodiment of a printed solar cell, prior to the edge portions being angled.
- Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of a printed solar cell of figure 7, when being angled.
- Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a printed solar cell.
- FIG 1 shows a perspective view of a small electric appliance 1 .
- the electric appliance 1 is powered by indoor lightning and comprises a printed solar cell 2 that is incorporated into the design.
- the electric appliance 1 may be an indoor appliance for controlling or measuring temperature, adjusting lightning, or any device that runs on electric power and that may be powered by a printed solar cell 2.
- the electric appliance 1 comprises a frame 3 around the visible area of the solar cell 2.
- the printed solar cell 2 comprises edge portions (not visible in figure 1) which the frame 3 covers in order to e.g. make the electric appliance 1 appear more aesthetically pleasing.
- the width of the edge portions of the printed solar cell 2 determine the minimum width of the frame 3.
- the frame 3 appears as a protrusion, however, the frame 3 may also be a seamlessly integrated part of the housing of the electric appliance 1 .
- Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the printed solar cell 2 according to a first embodiment, mounted onto a printed circuit board 12. This is further described with reference to figure 3.
- a reflector could also be mounted on the underside of the printed solar cell 2, in order to increase the efficiency of the printed solar cell 2.
- the printed solar cell 2 comprises a cell body 4.
- the cell body in the illustrated embodiment is generally square, but may also have a generally rectangular outline.
- the cell body 4 may as such also be round, elliptical, or have any shape.
- the cell body 4 is in a relaxed state a generally planar surface, but the cell body 4 may be slightly bent into a curved shape in order to adapt to an e.g. curved outer surface of a small electric appliance.
- the cell body 4 of the first embodiment comprises four edge portions 5, one edge portion 5 arranged along each edge of the square cell body 4.
- a printed solar cell 2 may comprise any number of edge portions, depending on the shape of the cell body 2.
- the cell body 4 comprises a semiconductor 6 printed on a transparent, flexible substrate 7.
- Barrier foils 8 encapsulate the printed semiconductor s and flexible substrate 7.
- the barrier foils 8 may comprise two foils, a top and a bottom foil, of a transparent material.
- the barrier foils 8 may alternatively comprise a top foil of a transparent material, and a bottom foil of an opaque material.
- the bottom foil may also be made of aluminum or a similar material.
- the edge portions 5 of the printed solar cell 2 are the portions of the printed solar cell 2 that extends beyond the cell body 4, in particular beyond the cell body 4 that comprises the printed semiconductor 6.
- the edge portions 5 generally comprise excess material of the barrier foils 8.
- the barrier foils 8 are adhered together outside the outer periphery of the cell body 4, and an edge portion 5 is the lip that provides adhesion between the barrier foils 8 and seals them together.
- two edge portions 5 are angled relative to the cell body 4, and protrude in a downwards direction from the cell body 4.
- the angled edge portions 5 are arranged at opposing edges of the printed solar cell 2.
- the printed solar cell 2 comprises a printed contact bridge 9, for conducting electric current from the printed semiconductor 6.
- the contact bridge 9 may be printed on the same flexible substrate 7 as the printed semiconductor 6, and the printed contact bridge 9 may also be encapsulated by the barrier foils 8.
- the printed contact bridge 9 may comprise carbon, silver or other conductive materials, as is known in the art.
- the angled edge portions 5 may comprise a contact bridge 9.
- only one edge portion 5 may be angled, or all four edge portions 5 may be angled. If the printed solar cell 2 comprises a plurality of edge portions, several of these may be angled.
- the design of the small electric appliance the printed solar cell 2 is fitted into may influence how many of the edge portions 5 need to be angled relative to the cell body 4.
- the design of the small electric appliance may also influence the angle of the protruding edge portion 5.
- the footprint of the printed solar cell 2, as seen from above, is reduced as the angle of the at least one edge portion 5 is increased, up to 90°. Beyond a 90° angle, the footprint of the printed solar cell 2 is basically maintained, but the edge portion 5 folds inwards towards a back of the printed solar cell 2.
- the printed solar cell 2 comprises contact points 10.
- the contact points 10 are provided to conduct electricity from the printed contact bridge 9 to the outside of the printed solar cell 2.
- the contact points 10 penetrate the barrier foils 8 such as to expose or come into contact with the printed contact bridge 9 on the inside of the barrier foils 8.
- the contact points 10 of the first embodiment are conducting arm elements that penetrate the barrier foils 8 and are fixed to the printed solar cell 2.
- the conducting arm elements are made from a conductive material, and is further connected to the device the printed solar cell 2 powers.
- the conductive material may be silver.
- the conducting arm elements may be affixed to the printed solar cell 2 prior to or after the edge portions 5 are angled.
- the two angled edge portions 5 are angled 90° relative to the cell body 4. As such, the footprint, from a top view, of the printed solar cell 2 is minimized.
- the edge portions 5 may alternatively be angled more or even less, depending on the design of the small electric appliance.
- the edge portions 5 may even protrude in a non-linear manner relative to the cell body 4.
- the edge portions 5 may comprise curved and/or plane portions. As the two edge portions 5 protrude 90° relative to the cell body 4, a radius 11 may be formed between the cell body 4 and the edge portions 5.
- an edge portion 5 protruding at an angle relative to the cell body 4 implies that a tangent to the surface of the printed solar cell changes at least between the cell body 4 and the edge portion 5. More specifically, the tangent changes at least through the radius of the edge 11 of the printed solar cell 2.
- the edge portions 5 may be angled and protrude in a direction different from that of the planar cell body 4 by bending. Bending the edge portions 5 may be achieved by heating an edge portion 5.
- the edge portions 5 may advantageously be heated to 80° Celsius. More preferably, the edge portions 5 may be heated up to 100° Celsius. More specifically, the area between the edge portion 5 and the cell body 4, where the radius 11 is formed, may at least be heated prior to bending an associated edge portion 5.
- the whole printed solar cell 2 may as such be heat treated, but extended heating of the cell body 4 may affect the performance of the printed solar cell 2.
- the edge portions 5 may be bent by rolling over a die, bending against heated tools, or similar. Normally, in order to maintain the integrity of the barrier foils 8, the minimum bending radius is 1 mm for the radius 11 .
- Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an underside of the printed solar cell 2 according to the first embodiment.
- the underside is the face of the printed solar cell 2 not intended to capture light.
- a printed circuit board 12, or a similar printed card powered by the printed solar call 2 may be provided on the underside of the cell body.
- the edge portions 5 may neatly envelope the printed circuit board 12.
- the contact points 10 in the form of conducting arms may be bent outwards from the edge portions 5, such that they protrude parallel to the cell body on the underside of the printed circuit board 12, and thus greatly simplifies connection to the printed circuit board 12.
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an underside of a printed solar cell 2 according to a second embodiment.
- the edge portions 5 protrudes at an angle 180° relative to the cell body 4.
- the edge portions 5 are thus bent on the underside of the cell body 4 and protrudes parallel with the cell body 4.
- the 180° angle of the edge portions 5 allow the edge portions 5 to further envelope a printed circuit board arranged on the underside of the cell body 4.
- the bending radius 11 between the cell body 4 and the edge portions 5 may be larger than the bending radius of an edge portion angled at a smaller angle.
- Figure 5 shows a top view of a third embodiment of a printed solar cell 2 prior to the edge portions 5 being angled relative to the cell body 4.
- the printed solar cell 2 is generally planar, and the edge portions 5 are arranged around the cell body 4 in the viewing plane of figure 5.
- the contact points 10’ are simply openings or holes through the printed solar cell 2 where the contact bridge 9 is printed. The openings or holes may be provided by laser or micro machining. These contact points 10’ may be further connected to a printed circuit board or similar as known in the art. If edge portions 5 comprising contact points 10’ protrude at a 180° angle (i.e. on the underside of the cell body 4), the contact points 10’ may be easily connected to a printed circuit board positioned on the underside of the cell body 4.
- the printed solar cell 2 may comprise cutouts 12 at the comers.
- the cutouts 12 are removed material from the corners, such that an outwards pointing corner may be turned into an inwards pointing corner with two adjacent, smaller outwards pointing corners.
- the comers may be rounded, in order to avoid sharp edges and cracking at the comers. Cutouts 12 at the comers prevent the issue of double curvature if two adjacent edge portions 5 are angled, and in general reduces material usage and minimizes the footprint of the printed solar cell 2.
- the removal of material for the cut-outs 12 may be done prior to e.g. bending the edge portions 5.
- the dotted lines B indicate where the left and right edge portion of figure 5 may be angled.
- a dotted line B runs through a busbar 13 of the printed contact bridge 9.
- the busbar 13 extends from the cell body 4 to contact bridge 9, and bending of an edge portion 5 comprising a printed contact bridge 9 may preferably be directed across the busbar 13, in order to minimize the amount of the contact bridge 9 through the bending radius (along the dotted lines B).
- Figure 6 shows a schematic cross section A-A through part of the cell body 4 of the printed solar cell 2 of figure 5.
- the printed semiconductor 6 is printed on a transparent, flexible substrate 7. Both the printed contact bridge (not shown in figure 6, see figure 5) and the printed semiconductor 6 may be printed ultra-thin, and the adhesive used between the two barrier foils 8 may also be applied ultra-thin in order to facilitate the bending of the edge portions.
- the transparent, flexible substrate 7 may be a plastic material such as PET.
- the printed semiconductor 6 and flexible substrate 7 is encapsulated by barrier foils 8. At least one of the barrier foils may be made from a plastic material such as PET.
- the printed solar cell 2 may preferably be formed by lamination, and the cell body 4 may advantageously be provided by laminating corresponding top and bottom layers.
- a bottom layer may comprise a printed semiconductor 6 printed onto a flexible substrate 7, and a top layer may comprise a printed semiconductor 6 printed onto a flexible substrate 7.
- the two layers may be merged by laminating the printed semiconductors 6 facing each other.
- the top and bottom layers are then encapsulated by adding top and bottom barrier foils 8. As previously described, the barrier foils 8 extend further out than the printed semiconductor 6, such that the top and bottom barrier foils 8 are fixed together around the cell body 4 and form the edge portions 5.
- Figure 7 shows a top view of a further embodiment of a printed solar cell 2 prior to the edge portions 5 being angled relative to the cell body 4.
- the contact bridges 9 continues in the same direction as the elongation of the printed semiconductors 6.
- the printed contact bridges 9 thereby protrude outside the cell body 4 as continuations of the contact areas that are provided along the outer edge of the outermost printed semiconductors at each side.
- the contact bridges 9 are encapsulated by top and bottom barrier foils 8, except for contact points 10”.
- a part of the barrier foils 8 between the two protruding contact bridges 9 may be omitted, as illustrated in the figure, or the barrier foils 8 may alternatively cover the entire area between the contact bridges, which may influence e.g. the action of bending the edge portions 5.
- Figure 8 illustrates the embodiment of Figure 7 when the edge portions 5 have been angled relative to the cell body 4.
- the edge portions 5 protrudes at an angle 180° relative to the cell body 4.
- the edge portions 5 with the contact bridges are thus bent on the underside of the cell body 4 and protrudes parallel with the cell body 4.
- the contact bridges 9 and the contact points 10” thereby become positioned below the cell body 4, reducing the footprint of the printed solar cell 2, as seen from above. Contacting of the solar cell may therefore also be performed below the cell body 4 and will thereby not affect the footprint either.
- Figure 9 illustrates another embodiment, with only one printed semiconductor 6 area.
- the printed semiconductor 6 has a high aspect rectangular shape, i.e. is extended more in one direction than in a perpendicular direction, which makes it very well adapted to the contact bridge 9 design parallel to the main extension of the printed semiconductor 6.
- any shape of the printed semiconductor 6 area will be possible to use.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une cellule solaire (2) imprimée, comprenant un corps (4). Le corps (4) de cellule comprend au moins une feuille de substrat flexible transparent (7). Un semi-conducteur imprimé (6) est disposé sur ladite feuille de substrat flexible (7) et des feuilles barrières (8) encapsulent ladite au moins une feuille de substrat flexible (7) et le semi-conducteur imprimé (6). La cellule solaire imprimée (2) comprend en outre au moins une partie périphérique (5) formée autour du corps (4) de cellule, ladite au moins une partie périphérique (5) comprenant une feuille barrière (8). Au moins une partie périphérique (5) fait saillie à un angle par rapport au corps (4) de cellule. La partie périphérique (5) comprend en outre un pont de contact (9) pour conduire un courant électrique à partir du semi-conducteur imprimé (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE2151617A SE2151617A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | A printed solar cell with protruding, angled, edge portions |
SE2151617-4 | 2021-12-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023121555A1 true WO2023121555A1 (fr) | 2023-06-29 |
Family
ID=86381902
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2022/051227 WO2023121555A1 (fr) | 2021-12-23 | 2022-12-22 | Cellule solaire imprimée avec partie périphérique saillante, angulaire, comprenant un pont de contact |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
SE (1) | SE2151617A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023121555A1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0625802A2 (fr) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Module de cellules solaires et méthode pour son montage |
CN103871751A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 宋旭 | 一种新型柔性染料敏化太阳能电池 |
GB2533185A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-15 | Eight19 Ltd | A flexible, thin film electronic device |
CN109888104A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-14 | 杭州众能光电科技有限公司 | 一种基于交错绒面增透结构层的钙钛矿太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
WO2020053406A1 (fr) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | Epishine Ab | Stratifié de cellules solaires |
CN111868937A (zh) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-10-30 | 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 | 制造光伏太阳能电池的方法、光伏太阳能电池和光伏模块 |
WO2020252408A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Kathryn Fisher | Module solaire avec interconnexion de feuilles métalliques de cellules photovoltaïques à contact arrière |
-
2021
- 2021-12-23 SE SE2151617A patent/SE2151617A1/en unknown
-
2022
- 2022-12-22 WO PCT/SE2022/051227 patent/WO2023121555A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0625802A2 (fr) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Module de cellules solaires et méthode pour son montage |
CN103871751A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 宋旭 | 一种新型柔性染料敏化太阳能电池 |
GB2533185A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-15 | Eight19 Ltd | A flexible, thin film electronic device |
CN111868937A (zh) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-10-30 | 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 | 制造光伏太阳能电池的方法、光伏太阳能电池和光伏模块 |
WO2020053406A1 (fr) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | Epishine Ab | Stratifié de cellules solaires |
CN109888104A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-14 | 杭州众能光电科技有限公司 | 一种基于交错绒面增透结构层的钙钛矿太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
WO2020252408A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Kathryn Fisher | Module solaire avec interconnexion de feuilles métalliques de cellules photovoltaïques à contact arrière |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE545215C2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
SE2151617A1 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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