WO2023074796A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレット及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレット及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023074796A1 WO2023074796A1 PCT/JP2022/040145 JP2022040145W WO2023074796A1 WO 2023074796 A1 WO2023074796 A1 WO 2023074796A1 JP 2022040145 W JP2022040145 W JP 2022040145W WO 2023074796 A1 WO2023074796 A1 WO 2023074796A1
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- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPNUIZVZBWBCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium(4+);tetraphenoxide Chemical class [Ti+4].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 DPNUIZVZBWBCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILLOBGFGKYTZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC ILLOBGFGKYTZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAAMKFBWYWFBNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 SAAMKFBWYWFBNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(dodecylsulfanyl)phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSP(SCCCCCCCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCCCCCC JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritridecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
- C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
- C08J9/232—Forming foamed products by sintering expandable particles
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- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/205—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase
- C08J3/21—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase
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- C08J3/215—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase at least one additive being also premixed with a liquid phase
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- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
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- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
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- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
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- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
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- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
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- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
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- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
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- C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
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- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
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- C08J2469/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
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- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to thermoplastic resin composition pellets and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, thermoplastic resin composition pellets that can be foam-molded directly on the molder side without adding a foaming agent during molding, and to stabilize them.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets produced with high productivity.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin has excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, etc., and is therefore widely used for electrical and electronic equipment parts, interior and exterior parts for automobiles, other electrical parts, mechanical parts, and the like.
- Polyethylene terephthalate resin is mainly used for extruded products such as bottles, fibers, sheets, and films, but polybutylene terephthalate resin is mainly used for injection molded products because it has much better moldability than polyethylene terephthalate resin. It is widely used as various parts in injection molding. Molded articles of polybutylene terephthalate resin are often used as metal substitutes for the purpose of weight reduction, but there is a strong demand for further weight reduction. For example, in the automotive field, weight reduction is important not only for improving fuel efficiency but also for improving safety and comfort. .
- a method for obtaining a foam-molded product there is a method of dissolving supercritical carbon dioxide or nitrogen in a resin to create minute foam cells during injection molding.
- injection foam molding it is common to dry-blend an organic or inorganic foaming agent with a raw material resin before molding, and to foam simultaneously with molding.
- a molder in the foam molding business performs foam molding, dry-blending a foaming agent in advance forces the addition of complicated work.
- the foaming agent tends to be classified, and the weight and dimensions of the molded product are not stable.
- the molder prefferably fed from the compounder with resin composition pellets that contain the desired additives together with the blowing agent together in precise amounts so that the foam molding molder can produce a homogeneous and well-shaped polybutylene terephthalate resin. It becomes possible to manufacture a foam molded article with good productivity.
- Patent Document 1 describes an invention of a resin composition containing a recycled polyethylene terephthalate resin and a dimensional stability-imparting agent, and states that a contoured extruded product with excellent dimensions can be produced by extrusion molding.
- a method of mixing the heat-expandable microspheres or a masterbatch containing the heat-expandable microspheres with the recycled polyethylene terephthalate resin is not clearly suggested, and although moistening with a liquid compound is preferable, These methods do not adequately address the risk of blowing agent classification and molding machine hopper contamination.
- the invention is a technology that attempts to compensate for the drawbacks of polyethylene terephthalate resin, which has a low melt viscosity and melt tension and is extremely slow to crystallize as a result of being recycled. It does not have the high rigidity and strength required for the intended use. Furthermore, since polyethylene terephthalate resin has a higher melting point than polybutylene terephthalate resin, it is difficult to obtain resin composition pellets which are suitable for molding and which are not foamed even after melt-kneading.
- the general method of obtaining foam molded products is to dry blend an organic or inorganic foaming agent with a raw resin during molding, melt and knead the mixture to foam.
- dry-blending a foaming agent in advance forces the addition of complicated work. It is desirable for the molder to be fed from the compounder with resin composition pellets that contain the desired additives together with the blowing agent together in precise amounts so that the foam molding molder can produce a homogeneous and well-shaped polybutylene terephthalate resin. It becomes possible to manufacture a foam molded article with good productivity.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin composition pellets are usually produced by melt-kneading with an extruder, but the temperature during melt-kneading of the crystalline polybutylene terephthalate resin is close to the foaming temperature of the foaming agent. It has a problem that it easily foams in an extruder. In this respect, in the case of a reinforcing system in which a reinforcing filler is mixed with polybutylene terephthalate resin to improve mechanical strength and heat resistance, the hard reinforcing filler stimulates the foaming agent, and foaming and foaming are likely to occur. Therefore, it is particularly noticeable.
- a method for producing a good foam-molded article directly from polybutylene terephthalate resin composition pellets by injection molding without dry-blending a foaming agent or the like has not yet been known.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, eliminate the need to add a foaming agent, and stably produce novel thermoplastic resin composition pellets and thermoplastic resin composition pellets that can be foam-molded as they are at the manufacturing site. To provide a method of manufacturing with good performance.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets containing expandable microspheres can solve the above problems, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following thermoplastic resin composition pellets and a method for producing the same.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellet characterized by containing 5 to 20 parts by mass.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellet containing 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of (C) thermally expandable microspheres with an extruder, with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of ) and (B), A) A method for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets, which comprises mixing and melting A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin, and then adding (C) thermally expandable microspheres.
- thermoplastic resin according to [10] or [11] above wherein 10 to 100 parts by mass of an inorganic filler (D) is blended with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B).
- a method for producing composition pellets [13] In the above [12], in which (D) the inorganic filler is side-fed and mixed, and then (C) the thermally expandable microspheres or (C) the masterbatch consisting of the thermally expandable microspheres and the thermoplastic resin is blended. Method of manufacture as described. [14] (D) The production method according to the above [12] or [13], wherein the inorganic filler is a fibrous filler.
- the distance S from the tip of the extruder to (C) the input position of the thermally expandable microspheres is in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 in S/L with respect to the total length L of the extruder.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention can be foam-molded as they are on the molder side without further using a foaming agent during molding.
- a foam-molded product obtained by foam-molding the pellets has a great effect of reducing weight, has a good shape and appearance, has no problem of sink marks or warping, and is excellent in heat resistance.
- the polybutylene terephthalate resin becomes a sea (matrix) with a sea-island structure or a sea with a co-continuous structure, and polystyrene resin or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin with high melt viscosity tends to become islands, which results in high heat resistance, low warpage, and good appearance. Excellent mechanical strength and chemical resistance.
- the strength and appearance can be further improved.
- the resin phase of the polybutylene terephthalate resin becomes continuous through the inorganic filler, making it easy to form a matrix (sea).
- it is excellent in low warpage and appearance, as well as in mechanical strength and chemical resistance.
- the hard reinforcing filler stimulates the foaming agent and tends to cause foaming and foam breakage. It's technological when you think about it.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention include (A) 30 to 100 parts by mass of polybutylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 1.3 dl / g, and (B) 0 to 0 of polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. With respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B) containing 70 parts by mass, (C) a heat having a maximum expansion temperature in the range of 250 to 320 ° C. and an average particle size in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m It is characterized by containing 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of expandable microspheres.
- the method for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets includes (A) 30 to 100 parts by mass of polybutylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 1.3 dl / g, (B) A resin containing 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of thermally expandable microspheres (C) for a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B) containing 0 to 70 parts by mass of polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin A method for producing a composition by an extruder, wherein (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin are mixed and melted, and then (C) heat-expandable microspheres are added.
- thermoplastic resin (A) a polybutylene terephthalate resin, and (B) a polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin, which are melt-kneaded.
- (A) Polybutylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.3 to 1.3 dl/g is used. If the IV is lower than 0.3 dl/g, the heat resistance of the polybutylene terephthalate resin is not exhibited, and the mechanical strength tends to be low. On the other hand, if it is higher than 1.3 dl/g, the flowability of the obtained resin composition pellets is poor, the moldability tends to deteriorate, and the heat-expandable microspheres tend to break due to heat generated by shearing. Sink marks are likely to occur during foam molding, making it difficult to obtain good foam molded products.
- IV intrinsic viscosity
- IV is preferably 0.4 dl/g or more, more preferably 0.5 dl/g or more, further 0.55 dl/g or more, more preferably 0.6 dl/g or more, and preferably 1.2 dl/g 1.1 dl/g or less, 1.0 dl/g or less, 0.9 dl/g or less, or 0.8 dl/g or less is preferable, and 0.75 dl/g or less is particularly preferable.
- the intrinsic viscosity of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin is a value measured at 30°C in a 1:1 (mass ratio) mixed solvent of tetrachloroethane and phenol.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin is a polyester resin having a structure in which terephthalic acid units and 1,4-butanediol units are ester-linked, and in addition to polybutylene terephthalate resin (homopolymer), terephthalic acid units and 1 ,4-butanediol units, polybutylene terephthalate copolymers containing other copolymerization components, and mixtures of homopolymers and such copolymers.
- the polybutylene terephthalate resin may contain dicarboxylic acid units other than terephthalic acid.
- dicarboxylic acids include isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, 1,5-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 2,5 -naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, biphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid, biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid, bis(4,4'- carboxyphenyl)methane, anthracenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-diphenylether dicarboxylic acid and other aromatic dicarboxylic acids; 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-dicyclohexyldicarboxylic acid and other alicyclic dicarboxylic acids; and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such
- the diol unit may contain other diol units in addition to 1,4-butanediol, and specific examples of other diol units include aliphatic or alicyclic diols having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. , bisphenol derivatives and the like. Specific examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, decamethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 4,4′-dicyclohexylhydroxymethane, 4,4 '-dicyclohexylhydroxypropane, ethylene oxide-added diol of bisphenol A, and the like.
- trifunctional monomers such as trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pentaerythritol, and trimethylolpropane for introducing a branched structure, and fatty acids for molecular weight adjustment.
- trimellitic acid trimesic acid
- pyromellitic acid pyromellitic acid
- pentaerythritol trimethylolpropane
- trimethylolpropane for introducing a branched structure
- fatty acids for molecular weight adjustment.
- a small amount of monofunctional compound can also be used together.
- (A) Polybutylene terephthalate resin is preferably a polybutylene terephthalate homopolymer obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol.
- specific preferred copolymers thereof include polyalkylene glycols, particularly polytetramethylene glycol polyester ether resin copolymerized with, dimer acid-copolymerized polybutylene terephthalate resin, and isophthalic acid-copolymerized
- the copolymerization amount is preferably 1 mol % or more and less than 50 mol % in all segments of the polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- the copolymerization amount is preferably 2 mol % or more and less than 50 mol %, more preferably 3 to 40 mol %, particularly preferably 5 to 20 mol %.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin preferably has a terminal carboxyl group content of 0.1 to 30 eq/ton. If it exceeds 30 eq/ton, hydrolysis resistance and alkali resistance tend to decrease, and gas tends to be generated during foam molding of the resin composition pellets.
- the amount of terminal carboxyl groups is more preferably 3 eq/ton or more, more preferably 5 eq/ton or more, more preferably 25 eq/ton or less, still more preferably 20 eq/ton or less.
- the terminal carboxyl group content of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin was measured by dissolving 0.5 g of polybutylene terephthalate resin in 25 mL of benzyl alcohol and titrating with a 0.01 mol/l benzyl alcohol solution of sodium hydroxide. is the value to As a method for adjusting the amount of terminal carboxyl groups, any conventionally known method may be used, such as a method of adjusting polymerization conditions such as the raw material charge ratio during polymerization, the polymerization temperature, and a decompression method, or a method of reacting a terminal blocking agent. You can do it.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin is obtained by melt-polymerizing a dicarboxylic acid component or ester derivative thereof mainly composed of terephthalic acid and a diol component mainly composed of 1,4-butanediol in a batch or continuous manner. can be manufactured by Further, after producing a low-molecular-weight polybutylene terephthalate resin by melt polymerization, the degree of polymerization (or molecular weight) can be increased to a desired value by solid-phase polymerization under a nitrogen stream or under reduced pressure.
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin is obtained by a production method in which a dicarboxylic acid component containing terephthalic acid as a main component and a diol component containing 1,4-butanediol as a main component are continuously subjected to melt polycondensation. is preferred.
- the catalyst used in carrying out the esterification reaction may be conventionally known, and examples thereof include titanium compounds, tin compounds, magnesium compounds, calcium compounds, and the like. Particularly suitable among these are titanium compounds.
- Specific examples of the titanium compound as the esterification catalyst include titanium alcoholates such as tetramethyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate and tetrabutyl titanate, and titanium phenolates such as tetraphenyl titanate.
- (B) Polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is contained in an amount of 0 to 70 parts by mass based on a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin.
- Polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is preferably amorphous.
- amorphous refers to a property in which a clear melting point and melting peak are not detected when a sample is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) or the like.
- crystallinity refers to the property of having a crystalline structure in which molecules are regularly arranged and having a melting point and a melting peak measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) or the like.
- Syndiotactic polystyrene or the like in which benzene rings are regularly arranged alternately with respect to the polymer main chain is crystalline and is preferably excluded from the (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin.
- the polystyrene resin may be a homopolymer of styrene or a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing other aromatic vinyl monomers such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, paramethylstyrene, vinyltoluene, vinylxylene, etc., in a range of 50% by mass or less. There may be.
- the rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is preferably copolymerized or blended with a butadiene-based rubber component, and the amount of the butadiene-based rubber component is usually 1% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass, preferably 3 to 40% by mass. , more preferably 5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- High impact polystyrene (HIPS) is particularly preferred as the rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin.
- polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin preferably has a melt viscosity in the range of 80 to 500 Pa ⁇ s at 250° C. and 912 sec ⁇ 1 .
- polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin having such a melt viscosity ( ⁇ B ), based on a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B), (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin 30 to 100 parts by mass, ( By containing B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin in an amount of 0 to 70 parts by mass and further containing (C) thermally expandable microspheres, (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin becomes dominant in terms of physical properties, and its As a result, high heat resistance, low warpage, and low specific gravity can be achieved. If the melt viscosity is 80 Pa ⁇ s or more, the heat resistance can be more
- the content of polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is 0 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 100 parts by mass in total of (A) and (B) 20 parts by mass or more, particularly preferably 30 parts by mass or more, 40 parts by mass or more, 50 parts by mass or more, and 55 parts by mass or more, more preferably 65 parts by mass or less.
- the melt viscosity ( ⁇ B ) of the polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is more preferably 90 Pa ⁇ s or more, particularly preferably 100 Pa ⁇ s or more, 110 Pa ⁇ s or more, or 120 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 400 Pa s or less, further 300 Pa s or less, especially 250 Pa s or less, 220 Pa s or less, 200 Pa s or less, 180 Pa s or less, or 160 Pa s or less. is particularly preferred.
- the melt viscosity of (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin conforms to ISO 11443 and can be measured using a capillary rheometer and a slit die rheometer. Specifically, using an orifice with a capillary diameter of 1 mm and a capillary length of 30 mm, a furnace body with an inner diameter of 9.5 mm heated to 250 ° C. was pressed at a piston speed of 75 mm / min. Viscosity can be calculated.
- the present invention contains (C) thermally expandable microspheres having a maximum expansion temperature in the range of 250 to 320°C.
- Thermally expandable microspheres are microspherical foaming agents that can be foamed by heating. Microspheres, such as microcapsules, encapsulated within may be used. Such heat-expandable microspheres can be produced by any appropriate method such as coacervation, interfacial polymerization, and the like.
- Substances that easily expand when heated include, for example, propane, (iso)butane, (iso)pentane, (iso)hexane, (iso)heptane, (iso)octane, (iso)nonane, (iso)decane, ( Iso) Hydrocarbons having 3 to 13 carbon atoms such as undecane, (iso) dodecane, and (iso) tridecane; Hydrocarbons having more than 13 carbon atoms and 20 or less such as (iso) hexadecane and (iso) eicosane; , hydrocarbons such as petroleum fractions such as normal paraffins and isoparaffins having an initial boiling point of 150 to 260° C.
- thermally expandable substance is preferably a linear, branched, or alicyclic hydrocarbon, more preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
- substances constituting the shell include nitrile monomers such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -chloroacrylonitrile, ⁇ -ethoxyacrylonitrile, and fumaronitrile; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, Carboxylic acid monomers such as fumaric acid and citraconic acid; vinylidene chloride; vinyl acetate; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) ) Acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, ⁇ -carboxyethyl acrylate (meth) acrylic acid esters; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, s
- a polymer composed of these monomers may be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- the copolymer include vinylidene chloride-methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile-itaconic acid copolymer, A polymer etc. are mentioned.
- the average particle size of the heat-expandable microspheres is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m. When the average particle size of the heat-expandable microspheres is within the above range, it is easy to obtain a molded article that is lightweight and has a good appearance.
- the upper limit of the average particle size of the heat-expandable microspheres is more preferably 40 ⁇ m, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the average particle size of the heat-expandable microspheres is more preferably 15 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size is preferably measured by the following method.
- a Microtrac particle size distribution analyzer (model 9320-HRA) manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd. is used as a measuring device, and the D50 value obtained by volume-based measurement is taken as the average particle size.
- the expansion start temperature of the thermally expandable microspheres is preferably in the range of 215 to 270°C. Examples of specific preferred measurement methods are as follows.
- the expansion initiation temperature is more preferably 220° C. or higher, still more preferably 225° C. or higher, more preferably 230° C. or higher, still more preferably 235° C. or higher, especially 240° C. or higher, 245° C. or higher, particularly 250° C. or higher. is preferred. Since the expansion start temperature is within the above range, it is suitable for producing a foamed molded article using the obtained resin composition pellets, and the foamed molded article has a particularly large effect of weight reduction due to foaming. It is preferable because it has excellent appearance and shape.
- the thermally expandable microspheres used have a maximum expansion temperature in the range of 250 to 320°C.
- the maximum expansion temperature means the temperature at which the expansion of the thermally expandable microspheres reaches its maximum, and a specific example of a preferred measuring method is as follows.
- the maximum expansion temperature is preferably 255° C. or higher, more preferably 260° C. or higher, preferably 310° C. or lower, more preferably 300° C. or lower, especially 290° C. or lower, 285° C. or lower, particularly 280° C. or lower. preferable.
- the maximum expansion temperature is within the above range, it is suitable for producing a foam molded article using the resin composition pellets, and the foam molded article has a particularly large effect of weight reduction due to foaming, and the appearance and appearance of the foam molded article. Excellent shape.
- the expansion start temperature and the maximum expansion temperature are preferably measured by the following method.
- a measuring device using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (DMA), 0.5 mg of the sample is put in an aluminum cup with a diameter of 6.0 mm and a depth of 4.8 mm, and an aluminum lid (diameter of 5.6 mm, 0.1 mm thick) is placed on the sample, and the height of the sample is measured while a force of 0.01 N is applied to the sample from above with a pressurizer.
- Heat from 20°C to 300°C at a rate of 10°C/min with a force of 0.01 N applied by the presser, measure the amount of displacement in the vertical direction of the presser, and measure the displacement start temperature in the positive direction. is the expansion start temperature of the thermally expandable microspheres, and the temperature at which the maximum amount of displacement is exhibited is the maximum expansion temperature.
- Thermally expandable microspheres may be commercially available products. Specific examples of commercially available heat-expandable microspheres include “Matsumoto Microspheres” (trade name) manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co., Ltd., “Expancel” (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Philite Co., Ltd., and Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (trade name). “Daifoam”, trade name “Advancel” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., and the like can be mentioned.
- the content of thermally expandable microspheres is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. is 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more, especially 2 parts by mass or more, 2.5 parts by mass or more, 3 parts by mass or more, preferably 17 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or less Among them, 13 parts by weight or less, 12 parts by weight or less, 11 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 9 parts by weight or less, and particularly 8 parts by weight or less are preferable.
- the thermally expandable microspheres may be in the form of a masterbatch with a thermoplastic resin as the base resin, but the above content does not include the thermoplastic resin that is the base of the masterbatch, C) The content of the thermally expandable microspheres alone, which is the content alone in the resin composition pellets.
- thermoplastic resin as the base resin
- the base resin used for masterbatching has good compatibility with (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin, such as ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer, Olefin resins such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, polyterpene; styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, etc.
- polybutylene terephthalate resin such as ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer, Olefin resins such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene,
- thermoplastic resin elastomers such as polyester elastomers, styrene elastomers and olefin elastomers; and polyester resins such as isophthalic acid copolymer polybutylene terephthalate resins.
- the masterbatch is preferably prepared at a temperature equal to or lower than the expansion start temperature of the heat-expandable microspheres.
- the concentration of (C) the heat-expandable microspheres in the masterbatch is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, especially 30% by mass or more, 35% by mass or more, and particularly 40% by mass or more. % by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, 65% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 60% by mass or less. If the concentration is too low or too high, the resulting thermoplastic resin composition pellets tend to exhibit poor foaming effects during foam molding.
- (D) inorganic filler In the present invention, it is preferable to further contain (D) an inorganic filler.
- an inorganic filler In the case of reinforcing systems in which inorganic fillers are mixed with polybutylene terephthalate resin to improve its mechanical strength and heat resistance, the inorganic fillers do not soften even at high temperatures, and many of them have high rigidity and are hard and pointed.
- Inorganic fillers include fibrous and non-fibrous fillers.
- the inorganic filler is fibrous, examples thereof include glass fiber, carbon fiber, silica/alumina fiber, and zirconia fiber.
- boron fibers, boron nitride fibers, silicon nitride potassium titanate fibers, metal fibers, and inorganic fibrous fillers such as wollastonite are preferred, and carbon fibers and glass fibers are particularly preferred.
- Carbon fibers preferably have an average fiber diameter of 1 to 25 ⁇ m, particularly 8 to 15 ⁇ m, and an average fiber length in the major axis direction of 1 to 10 mm, particularly 2 to 5 mm. If the average fiber diameter is less than 1 ⁇ m, the bulk density tends to be low, uniform dispersibility tends to decrease, and moldability tends to be impaired. On the other hand, if the average fiber diameter is larger than 25 ⁇ m, the appearance of the molded product tends to be impaired and the reinforcing effect tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, if the average fiber length is too short, the reinforcing effect is insufficient, and if the average fiber length is too long, workability during kneading and molding processability are impaired, which is not preferable.
- glass fiber if it is usually used for polybutylene terephthalate resin, A glass, E glass, alkali resistant glass composition containing zirconia component, chopped strand, roving glass, master of thermoplastic resin and glass fiber Any known glass fiber can be used irrespective of the form of the glass fiber at the time of blending in a batch or the like. Of these glass fibers, alkali-free glass (E-glass) is preferred for the purpose of improving the thermal stability of the thermoplastic resin composition pellets or foam-molded articles thereof.
- E-glass alkali-free glass
- the glass fiber and carbon fiber may be treated with a sizing agent or surface treatment agent.
- a sizing agent and a surface treatment agent may be added for surface treatment during the production of the thermoplastic resin composition pellets.
- the sizing agent examples include resin emulsions such as vinyl acetate resins, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins and polyester resins.
- surface treatment agents include aminosilane compounds such as ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; vinyltrichlorosilane; Chlorosilane compounds such as chlorosilane, alkoxysilane compounds such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxy Epoxysilane-based compounds such as silane, ⁇ -glycidoxyprop
- adheresion amount is usually 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.05 to 0.05%, based on the mass of the glass fiber or carbon fiber. 5% by mass.
- Inorganic fillers other than fibrous inorganic fillers preferably include plate-shaped, granular or amorphous inorganic fillers.
- plate-like materials include talc, mica, wollastonite, kaolin, calcium carbonate, glass flakes, etc.
- Talc, mica, wollastonite, kaolin, calcium carbonate, etc. are preferred.
- Other particulate or amorphous inorganic fillers include ceramic beads, asbestos, clay, zeolites, potassium titanate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and the like.
- the content of (D) inorganic filler is preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass in total of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. 10 to 90 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 80 parts by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 70 parts by mass, most preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass.
- 10 to 90 parts by mass preferably 10 to 80 parts by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 70 parts by mass, most preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass.
- (D) When an inorganic filler is contained, particularly in the case of a fibrous inorganic filler, it is preferable to side-feed during production with an extruder. For example, after (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin are melted, (D) inorganic filler is side-fed, and then (C) thermally expandable microspheres or masterbatch is side-fed. Feeding is preferred.
- (E) compatibilizer In the present invention, it is preferable to further contain (E) a compatibilizer.
- a compatibilizer By containing (E) a compatibilizer, (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin, (C) thermally expandable microspheres or thermoplastic resin of masterbatch are compatibilized. Acceleration reduces the dispersed particle size of each component and increases the interfacial strength, thereby making it easier to obtain excellent mechanical strength and excellent appearance.
- the compatibilizing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can achieve a compatibilizing function with the resin, and from the viewpoint of heat resistance, a polymer compound-based compatibilizing agent is preferable.
- a polymer compound-based compatibilizing agent is preferable.
- a polycarbonate resin or a styrene-maleic acid copolymer is particularly preferred.
- a polycarbonate resin is an optionally branched thermoplastic polymer or copolymer obtained by reacting a dihydroxy compound or a small amount of a polyhydroxy compound with phosgene or a carbonic acid diester.
- the method for producing the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited, and one produced by a conventionally known phosgene method (interfacial polymerization method) or melting method (transesterification method) can be used.
- the raw material dihydroxy compound does not substantially contain a bromine atom, and is preferably an aromatic dihydroxy compound.
- 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane that is, bisphenol A
- tetramethylbisphenol A bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-p-diisopropylbenzene
- hydroquinone resorcinol
- 4,4- Examples include dihydroxydiphenyl and the like, preferably bisphenol A.
- a compound in which one or more tetraalkylphosphonium sulfonates are bonded to the above aromatic dihydroxy compound can also be used.
- Aromatic polycarbonate copolymers derived from a compound are preferred. It may also be a copolymer mainly composed of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, such as a copolymer with a polymer or oligomer having a siloxane structure. Furthermore, two or more of the above polycarbonate resins may be mixed and used.
- Monohydric aromatic hydroxy compounds may be used to control the molecular weight of polycarbonate resins, such as m- and p-methylphenol, m- and p-propylphenol, p-tert-butylphenol, p-long chain Alkyl-substituted phenols and the like can be mentioned.
- the viscosity-average molecular weight (Mv) of the polycarbonate resin is preferably 15,000 or more. If the Mv is lower than 15,000, the resulting resin composition tends to have low mechanical strength such as impact resistance. Also, Mv is preferably 60,000 or less, more preferably 40,000 or less, and even more preferably 35,000 or less. If it is higher than 60,000, the fluidity of the resin composition may deteriorate and the moldability may deteriorate.
- the method for producing the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited, and polycarbonate resins produced by either the phosgene method (interfacial polymerization method) or the melting method (ester exchange method) can be used. Also preferred is a polycarbonate resin prepared by subjecting a polycarbonate resin produced by a melting method to a post-treatment for adjusting the amount of terminal OH groups.
- the styrene-maleic acid copolymer is preferably a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA resin), which is a copolymer of a styrene monomer and a maleic anhydride monomer.
- SMA resin styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer
- Known polymerization methods are possible.
- the molecular weight and the like of the styrene-maleic acid copolymer are not particularly limited. It is preferably 80,000 or more and 350,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight is the polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent.
- styrene-maleic acid copolymer can be copolymerized with the styrene-maleic acid copolymer as long as the properties of the present invention are not impaired.
- vinyl cyanide-based monomers, unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester-based monomers such as methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate, N-methylmaleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, etc. and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of (E) compatibilizer is preferably 1 to 25 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 100 parts by mass in total of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. 20 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 18 parts by mass.
- the compatibilizer is polycarbonate resin and/or styrene-maleic acid copolymer
- the content of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin is 100 parts by mass in total.
- both alone or in total are preferably 0 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 25 parts by mass, still more preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 18 parts by mass.
- a stabilizer from the viewpoint of improving thermal stability and preventing deterioration of mechanical strength, transparency and hue.
- Phosphorus-based stabilizers, sulfur-based stabilizers and phenol-based stabilizers are preferred as stabilizers.
- Phosphorus-based stabilizers include phosphorous acid, phosphoric acid, phosphites (phosphites), trivalent phosphates (phosphonites), pentavalent phosphates (phosphates) and the like, among which phosphites , phosphonites and phosphates are preferred.
- alkyl groups having 8 to 30 carbon atoms include octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, isooctyl group, nonyl group, isononyl group, decyl group, isodecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, isotridecyl group, tetradecyl group, A hexadecyl group, an octadecyl group, an eicosyl group, a triacontyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- long-chain alkyl acid phosphates examples include octyl acid phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate, decyl acid phosphate, lauryl acid phosphate, octadecyl acid phosphate, oleyl acid phosphate, behenyl acid phosphate, phenyl acid phosphate, nonylphenyl acid phosphate, cyclohexyl Acid phosphate, phenoxyethyl acid phosphate, alkoxypolyethylene glycol acid phosphate, bisphenol A acid phosphate, dimethyl acid phosphate, diethyl acid phosphate, dipropyl acid phosphate, diisopropyl acid phosphate, dibutyl acid phosphate, dioctyl acid phosphate, di-2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate, dioctyl acid phosphate, dilauryl acid phosphate, distearyl acid phosphate,
- the organic phosphite compound preferably has the following general formula: R 2 OP(OR 3 )(OR 4 ) (wherein R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and among R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.)
- R 2 OP(OR 3 )(OR 4 ) wherein R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and among R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- organic phosphite compounds include triphenylphosphite, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, dilaurylhydrogenphosphite, triethylphosphite, tridecylphosphite, tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphite, tris(tridecyl ) phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, diphenyl monodecyl phosphite, monophenyl didecyl phosphite, diphenyl mono (tridecyl) phosphite, tetraphenyl dipropylene glycol diphosphite, tetraphenyl tetra (tridecyl) pentaerythritol tetraphosphite , hydrogenated bisphenol A phenol phosphite polymer, diphenyl hydrogen phosphite, 4,
- the organic phosphonite compound preferably has the following general formula: R 5 -P(OR 6 )(OR 7 ) (wherein R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and among R 5 , R 6 and R 7 is an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.)
- R 5 -P(OR 6 )(OR 7 ) wherein R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and among R 5 , R 6 and R 7 is an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- organic phosphonite compounds include tetrakis(2,4-di-iso-propylphenyl)-4,4'-biphenylene diphosphonite, tetrakis(2,4-di-n-butylphenyl)-4,4'-biphenyl diphosphonite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)-4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)-4,3'-biphenylenediphosphonite night, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)-3,3'-biphenylenediphosphonite, tetrakis(2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl)-4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonite, Tetrakis (2,6-di-n-butylphenyl)-4,
- any conventionally known sulfur atom-containing compound can be used as the sulfur-based stabilizer, and thioethers are particularly preferable.
- Specific examples include didodecylthiodipropionate, ditetradecylthiodipropionate, dioctadecylthiodipropionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-dodecylthiopropionate), thiobis(N-phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine ), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel isopropylxanthate, trilauryltrithiophosphite.
- pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-dodecylthiopropionate) is preferred.
- Phenolic stabilizers include, for example, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 -hydroxyphenyl)propionate, thiodiethylenebis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-neopentyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) ) propionate) and the like.
- pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate is preferred.
- One type of stabilizer may be contained, or two or more types may be contained in any combination and ratio.
- the content of the stabilizer is preferably 0.001 to 2 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. If the content of the stabilizer is less than 0.001 part by mass, it is difficult to expect an improvement in thermal stability, and a decrease in molecular weight and deterioration in color are likely to occur when the resin composition pellets are foam-molded. If it exceeds , the amount becomes excessive, and there is a tendency that silver generation and hue deterioration tend to occur more easily.
- the stabilizer content is more preferably 0.01 to 1.5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 1 part by mass.
- release agent In the present invention, it is preferable to contain a release agent.
- known release agents that are commonly used for polybutylene terephthalate resins can be used. Among them, polyolefin compounds and fatty acid ester compounds are preferred in terms of good alkali resistance, and in particular, Polyolefin compounds are preferred.
- polyolefin compounds include compounds selected from paraffin wax and polyethylene wax, among which those having a weight average molecular weight of 700 to 10,000, more preferably 900 to 8,000 are preferred.
- Fatty acid ester compounds include fatty acid esters such as saturated or unsaturated monovalent or divalent aliphatic carboxylic acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and partially saponified products thereof. Among them, mono- or di-fatty acid esters composed of fatty acids having 11 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably 17 to 21 carbon atoms, and alcohols are preferred.
- fatty acids examples include palmitic acid, stearic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, melicic acid, tetralyacontanoic acid, montanic acid, adipic acid, and azelaic acid. be done.
- Fatty acids may also be cycloaliphatic.
- Alcohols may include saturated or unsaturated monohydric or polyhydric alcohols. These alcohols may have substituents such as fluorine atoms and aryl groups.
- monohydric or polyhydric saturated alcohols having 30 or less carbon atoms are preferred, and saturated monohydric or polyhydric alcohols having 30 or less carbon atoms are more preferred.
- the term "aliphatic” also includes alicyclic compounds. Specific examples of such alcohols include octanol, decanol, dodecanol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, 2,2-dihydroxyperfluoropropanol, neopentylene glycol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, and the like. is mentioned.
- the above ester compound may contain aliphatic carboxylic acid and/or alcohol as impurities, or may be a mixture of a plurality of compounds.
- fatty acid ester compounds include glycerin monostearate, glycerin monobehenate, glycerin dibehenate, glycerin-12-hydroxy monostearate, sorbitan monobehenate, pentaerythritol monostearate, pentaerythritol di stearate, stearyl stearate, ethylene glycol montanic acid ester, and the like.
- the content of the release agent is preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, but 0.2 parts by mass, with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. It is more preferably up to 2.5 parts by mass, still more preferably 0.3 to 2 parts by mass. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by mass, the resulting resin composition pellets are likely to be released poorly during foam molding, resulting in poor surface properties. The kneading workability at the time tends to deteriorate, and the surface of the foamed molded product tends to become cloudy.
- Carbon black In the present invention, it is preferable to contain carbon black. Carbon black is not limited in its kind, raw material species, and production method, and any of furnace black, channel black, acetylene black, ketjen black, etc. can be used. Although the number average particle diameter is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 5 to 60 nm.
- Carbon black is preferably blended as a masterbatch premixed with a thermoplastic resin, preferably a polyalkylene terephthalate resin, particularly a polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- a thermoplastic resin preferably a polyalkylene terephthalate resin, particularly a polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 0.1 to 4 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by mass, with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin. part by mass. If it is less than 0.1 part by mass, the desired black color may not be obtained or the effect of improving weather resistance may not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 4 parts by mass, mechanical properties may deteriorate.
- thermoplastic resins other than those described above can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- specific examples of other thermoplastic resins include polyacetal resins, polyamide resins, polyphenylene oxide resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyetherimide resins, polyetherketone resins, and polyolefin resins. etc.
- the amount is preferably 20 parts by mass or less with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin, and 10 parts by mass. It is more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 3 parts by mass or less.
- additives other than those described above may be contained, and such additives include flame retardants (especially brominated phthalimide, brominated polyacrylate, brominated polycarbonate, brominated epoxy, brominated polystyrene, etc.). ), flame retardant aids (especially antimony trioxide, etc.), anti-dripping agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents, anti-fogging agents, anti-blocking agents, plasticizers, dispersants, antibacterial agents, coloring agents, dyes and pigments, etc. mentioned.
- flame retardants especially brominated phthalimide, brominated polyacrylate, brominated polycarbonate, brominated epoxy, brominated polystyrene, etc.
- flame retardant aids especially antimony trioxide, etc.
- anti-dripping agents ultraviolet absorbers
- antistatic agents especially anti-fogging agents, anti-blocking agents
- plasticizers plasticizers
- dispersants antibacterial agents, coloring agents, dyes and pigments, etc. mentioned.
- An extruder preferably a twin-screw extruder, is used in the method for producing the thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention.
- Various types of twin-screw extruders can be used, and the screw rotation system may be a co-rotating type or a counter-rotating type, but a co-meshing type twin-screw extruder is preferred.
- the screw length, diameter, engagement ratio, etc. of the twin-screw extruder can be set arbitrarily.
- the twin-screw extruder may be provided with a vent port that is open to reduced pressure or the atmosphere.
- a first method of the present invention for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets is a method for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets with an extruder, comprising (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber reinforcement After mixing and melting the polystyrene resin, (C) the heat-expandable microspheres are added.
- (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin are supplied from a supply port at the base of the extruder, and both resins are mixed and melted in the first kneading section.
- (C) The heat-expandable microspheres or a masterbatch thereof are not supplied together with (A) and (B) to the supply port at the base of the extruder, but (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or After the rubber reinforced polystyrene resin is melted, it is side fed.
- the extruder performs kneading in the first kneading section toward the downstream side from the root supply port, and side-feeds (C) the thermally expandable microspheres or the masterbatch thereof to the downstream section of the first kneading section.
- C) The position at which the heat-expandable microspheres or their masterbatch are introduced is such that the distance S from the downstream tip of the extruder to the (C) position at which the heat-expandable microspheres are introduced is the total length L of the extruder. is preferably half or less, and S/L is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.5, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.4.
- the total length L of the extruder means the total length of the screw that conveys, kneads, and melts the above components. say length.
- the distance S from the extruder downstream tip to (C) the input position of the thermally expandable microspheres refers to the distance S from the extruder downstream tip to (C) the thermally expandable microspheres or their masterbatch input It means the distance to the center of the mouth, specifically the length from the tip of the screw to the center of the opening for introducing (C) thermally expandable microspheres or its masterbatch.
- the components (A), (B), and (C) are melt-kneaded in a kneading section located further downstream.
- the heating temperature during melt-kneading is preferably set at a maximum cylinder temperature of 250°C, and the resin temperature is preferably in the range of 210 to 240°C, more preferably 215°C or higher, and further preferably 220°C or higher. and more preferably 235° C. or less. Under such conditions, each component can be uniformly dispersed while suppressing foaming during the production of resin composition pellets.
- the strands are extruded from the nozzle of the die plate at the tip of the extruder, cooled, and then cut with a cutter to obtain thermoplastic resin composition pellets.
- the second method of the present invention for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets is a method for producing thermoplastic resin composition pellets using an extruder, comprising (C) a master comprising thermally expandable microspheres and a thermoplastic resin It is characterized by comprising a step of melt-kneading a batch, (A) a polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) a polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin.
- (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin are supplied from a supply port at the base of the extruder, and the resins are melted in the first kneading section.
- (C) A masterbatch consisting of thermally expandable microspheres and a thermoplastic resin is supplied together with (A) polybutylene terephthalate resin and (B) polystyrene or rubber-reinforced polystyrene resin from the supply port at the base of the extruder. Alternatively, it may be side-fed after (A) and (B) are melted.
- the components (A), (B) and (C) are melt-kneaded in the downstream second kneading section.
- the heating temperature during melt-kneading is preferably carried out by setting the maximum cylinder temperature to 250°C, and the resin temperature is preferably in the range of 210 to 245°C, more preferably 215°C or higher, further preferably 220°C or higher. and more preferably 235° C. or less. Under such conditions, each component can be uniformly dispersed while suppressing foaming during the production of resin composition pellets.
- the strands are extruded from the nozzle of the die plate at the tip of the extruder, cooled, and then cut with a cutter to obtain thermoplastic resin composition pellets.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention are not particularly limited, but any molding method commonly used for thermoplastic resin compositions can be applied. Examples include injection molding, ultra-high speed injection molding, injection compression molding, two-color molding, hollow molding such as gas assist, molding using heat insulating molds, and rapid heating molds. Molding method, foam molding (including supercritical fluid), insert molding, IMC (in-mold coating molding) molding method, extrusion molding method, sheet molding method, thermoforming method, rotational molding method, laminate molding method, press molding method, A blow molding method and the like can be mentioned. Among them, the thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention are preferable as a material for injection molding, and also suitable as a material for foam molding for producing a foam molded article.
- the method for producing a foam molded article using the thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any molding method commonly used for thermoplastic resin compositions can be employed. , injection foam molding, press foam molding, and in-mold foam molding. Among them, the injection foam molding method is preferable because the productivity and the effect of the present invention are remarkable.
- the injection foam molding method the mold cavity is filled by injection, and (C) the short shot method in which the voids in the mold cavity are filled by the expansion pressure of the thermally expandable microspheres, or a mold with a variable mold cavity volume.
- a preferred example is a core-back method in which the mold cavity is filled by injection, the movable mold is retracted, and (C) the expansion pressure of the thermally expandable microspheres fills the voids in the mold cavity.
- the rate of decrease (change rate) of the specific gravity of the foam-molded product relative to the specific gravity of the unfoamed product is 15% or more.
- the rate of decrease in specific gravity due to foaming and light weight effect is the specific gravity reduction rate (%) obtained by dividing the specific gravity (g/cm 3 ) of the resulting foamed molded product by the specific gravity (g/cm 3 ) of the unfoamed molded product.
- the reduction rate of specific gravity which is the effect of foaming and light weight, is more preferably 16% or more, more preferably 17% or more, particularly preferably 18% or more, preferably 60% or less, more preferably 50% or less, and further It is preferably 45% or less, particularly preferably 40% or less.
- An unfoamed molded article can be obtained, for example, by applying a holding pressure as high as 50% or more of the injection peak pressure during injection molding.
- the resulting foamed molded product has a great effect of reducing weight, has a good shape, has no problems of sink marks and warping, and has excellent heat resistance. It is suitably used as a component mounted on a vehicle and other electrical components.
- Electrical and electronic device parts include various housing parts such as relay cases, smart meter housings, industrial breaker housings, inverter cases, mobile phone housings, warming device housings, IH cooker housings, and button cases. , grill handles, coil peripheral members, rice cooker protective frames, battery separators, battery cases, electronic component transport trays, battery transport trays, automotive charging equipment members, and the like.
- Molded parts mounted on automobiles include various housings mounted on automobiles, such as housings for engine control units (ECU), housings for head-up displays installed in automobiles, and cases for batteries installed in automobiles. , covers and separators, various motor cases, sensor cases, camera cases, holder parts, air conditioner wind direction control plates, door mirror stays, door trims, automotive electrical connector parts, etc.
- ECU engine control units
- housings for head-up displays installed in automobiles and cases for batteries installed in automobiles.
- covers and separators various motor cases, sensor cases, camera cases, holder parts, air conditioner wind direction control plates, door mirror stays, door trims, automotive electrical connector parts, etc.
- the component (C) was side-fed after the component (D) was side-fed.
- the maximum cylinder set temperature is 250 ° C.
- the resin temperature shown in Table 2 the discharge rate is 100 kg / h
- the screw rotation speed is 170 rpm. and then pelletized using a pelletizer to obtain pellets of the thermoplastic resin composition.
- the obtained pellets of the resin composition are pre-dried at 120° C. for 6 hours, and foam injection molding is performed by a short shot method using a J85AD injection molding machine manufactured by Japan Steel Works, Ltd. equipped with a shut-off nozzle.
- a foam-molded product of 3 mm and 40 mm long ⁇ 120 mm wide was obtained.
- the molding conditions were a cylinder temperature of 260° C., a mold temperature of 80° C., an injection speed of 100 mm/sec and 300 mm/sec, a cooling time of 20 seconds, a back pressure of 5 MPa, and a holding pressure of 0 MPa.
- Example Comparative Example 1-1 Example Comparative Example for the first method of the present invention
- component (C) is side-fed ( , “split”).
- the maximum cylinder set temperature is 250 ° C., the resin temperature shown in Table 3, the discharge rate is 100 kg / h, and the screw rotation speed is 180 rpm.
- the mixture was slowly cooled under pressure and pelletized using a pelletizer to obtain pellets of the thermoplastic resin composition. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 3 below.
- the component (C) is supplied together with each component other than (D) at once from the first supply port at the base of the extruder ("batch” in Table 4), or It was carried out by side-feeding the component (D) and then side-feeding (“divided” in Table 4).
- the maximum cylinder set temperature is 250 ° C.
- the resin temperature shown in Table 4 the discharge rate is 100 kg / h
- the screw rotation speed is 170 rpm. and then pelletized using a pelletizer to obtain pellets of the thermoplastic resin composition.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets of the present invention can be foam-molded directly on the molder side without using a foaming agent at the time of molding, and the produced foam-molded product has a large effect of reducing weight and has a good shape.
- the utility value is particularly high for foam molding of various parts to be mounted on electric and electronic equipment parts and automobiles that require weight reduction.
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Abstract
Description
ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂の成形品は、軽量化目的で金属代替で使用されることが多いが、更なる軽量化の要求が強くなっている。例えば、自動車分野では、燃費向上は勿論、軽量化は安全性や快適性向上のためにも重要と位置付けられ、更なる軽量化を目的に樹脂発泡体として軽量化することが強く要望されている。
本発明の目的は、上記した課題を解決し、発泡剤の添加を不要とし、製造現場でそのまま発泡成形が可能な新規な熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレット及び熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを安定して生産性良く製造する方法を提供することにある。
本発明は、以下の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレット及びその製造方法に関する。
[2]射出成形用材である上記[1]に記載のペレット。
[3]さらに、(D)無機充填剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、10~100質量部含有する上記[1]または[2]に記載のペレット。
[4](B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の250℃,912sec-1に於ける溶融粘度が、80~500Pa・sの範囲にある上記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のペレット。
[5](D)無機充填剤が、繊維状フィラーである上記[3]または[4]に記載のペレット。
[6]さらに、(E)相溶化剤として、ポリカーボネート樹脂を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、0~30質量部含有上記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のペレット。
[7]上記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のペレットを発泡成形した成形品。
[8]未発泡成形品の比重に対する、発泡成形した成形品の比重の減少率が15%以上である上記[6]に記載の成形品。
[9]自動車に搭載される成形部品である上記[6]または[7]に記載の成形品。
[10](A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部を含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを押出機により製造する方法であって、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を混合して溶融させた後、(C)熱膨張性微小球を添加することを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
[11](A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部を含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有す熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを押出機により製造する方法であって、
(C)熱膨張性微小球と熱可塑性樹脂からなるマスターバッチと、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を溶融混練する工程を含むことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
[12]さらに、(D)無機充填剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、10~100質量部配合する上記[10]または[11]に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
[13](D)無機充填剤をサイドフィードし混合した後に、(C)熱膨張性微小球または(C)熱膨張性微小球と熱可塑性樹脂からなるマスターバッチを配合する上記[12]に記載の製造方法。
[14](D)無機充填剤が、繊維状フィラーである上記[12]または[13]に記載の製造方法。
[15]さらに、(E)相溶化剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、5~50質量部含有する上記[10]~[14]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[16](C)熱膨張性微小球の最大膨張温度が、250~320℃の範囲にある上記[10]~[15]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[17]押出機から出た直後の樹脂温度が、200~275℃の範囲にある上記[10]~[16]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[18]押出機の先端部から(C)熱膨張性微小球の投入位置までの距離Sが、押出機の全長Lに対して、S/Lで0.05~0.5の範囲にある上記[10]~[17]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[19](B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の250℃,912sec-1に於ける溶融粘度が、80~500Pa・sの範囲にある上記[10]~[18]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
また、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂が海島構造の海(マトリックス)もしくは共連続構造の海となり、溶融粘度が高いポリスチレン樹脂又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂が島となりやすく、そのため高い耐熱性と低ソリ性や外観性に優れ、機械的強度や耐薬品性にも優れる。
また、さらに相溶化剤を含有すると、さらに強度や外観を向上させることができる。
また、さらに無機充填剤を含有すると、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂の樹脂相が無機充填剤を介して連続的になることでマトリックス(海)となりやすく、その結果、特異的に耐熱性がより向上し、また低ソリ性や外観性に優れ、機械的強度や耐薬品性にも優れる。強化充填剤を混合した強化系の場合、固い強化充填剤が発泡剤を刺激して発泡や破泡を起こしやすいため、強化系では発泡剤を含有する樹脂組成物が中々実現できなかったことを考えると画期的なことである。
本発明の第1の方法において、熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法は、(A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部を含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有する樹脂組成物を押出機により製造する方法であって、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を混合して溶融させた後、(C)熱膨張性微小球を添加することを特徴とする。
また、本発明の第2の方法において、(A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部を含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを押出機により製造するであって、(C)熱膨張性微小球と熱可塑性樹脂からなるマスターバッチと、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を溶融混練する工程を含むことを特徴とする。
なお、本明細書において、「~」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用される。
本発明において、固有粘度(IV)が0.3~1.3dl/gの(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を使用する。IVが0.3dl/gより低いものを用いると、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂の耐熱性が発現しないことに加え、機械的強度の低いものとなりやすい。また1.3dl/gより高いものでは、得られた樹脂組成物ペレットの流動性が悪く成形性が悪化しやすく、剪断発熱に伴い熱膨張性微小球が破泡し易くなることから、ペレットを発泡成形する際のヒケが生じやすく、良好な発泡成形品を得にくくなる。
IVは、好ましくは0.4dl/g以上、より好ましくは0.5dl/g以上、さらには0.55dl/g以上、中でも0.6dl/g以上が好ましく、また、好ましくは1.2dl/g以下、中でも1.1dl/g以下、1.0dl/g以下、0.9dl/g以下、0.8dl/g以下が好ましく、特には0.75dl/g以下が好ましい。
なお、これらの共重合体である場合、共重合量は、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂全セグメント中の1モル%以上、50モル%未満のものが好ましく。中でも、共重合量が好ましくは2モル%以上50モル%未満、より好ましくは3~40モル%、特に好ましくは5~20モル%である。このような共重合割合とすることにより、流動性、靱性が向上しやすい傾向にあり、好ましい。
(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂は、テレフタル酸を主成分とするジカルボン酸成分と1,4-ブタンジオールを主成分とするジオール成分とを、連続式で溶融重縮合する製造法で得られたものが好ましい。
本発明においては、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレートと(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の合計100質量部基準で、0~70質量部を含有する。
本発明においては、最大膨張温度が250~320℃の範囲にある(C)熱膨張性微小球を含有する。
測定装置として、日機装株式会社のマイクロトラック粒度分布計(型式9320-HRA)を使用し、体積基準測定によるD50値を平均粒子径とする。
測定装置として、動的粘弾性測定装置(DMA)を使用し、試料0.5mgを直径6.0mm、深さ4.8mmのアルミカップに入れ、試料の上部にアルミ蓋(直径5.6mm、厚み0.1mm)を載せ、試料に上から加圧子により0.01Nの力を加えた状態でサンプル高さを測定する。加圧子により0.01Nの力を加えた状態で20℃から300℃まで10℃/minの昇温速度で加熱し、加圧子の垂直方向における変位量を測定し、正方向への変位開始温度を熱膨張性微小球の膨張開始温度とし、最大変位量を示した温度を最大膨張温度とする。
(C)熱膨張性微小球は熱可塑性樹脂をベース樹脂とするマスターバッチの形態であってもよいが、上記した含有量はマスターバッチとした場合のベースとなる熱可塑性樹脂を含まない、(C)熱膨張性微小球単味の含有量であり、樹脂組成物ペレット中の単独での含有量である。
本発明において、さらに、(D)無機充填剤を含有することが好ましい。
ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂に機械的強度や耐熱性等を改善するために無機充填剤を混合する強化系の場合、無機充填剤は高温でも軟化せず、剛性が高く固い尖ったものが多いので、(C)熱膨張性微小球を溶融混練時に破損や欠損させて発泡や破泡を起こしやすいことが考えられ、強化系の発泡性樹脂ペレットを実現した例は知られていないが、本発明の製造方法によれば、実施例にも示されるように、このような問題点を解消される。
表面処理剤としては、例えば、γ-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-(2-アミノエチル)アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のアミノシラン系化合物、ビニルトリクロロシラン、メチルビニルジクロロシラン等のクロロシラン系化合物、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのアルコキシシラン系化合物、β-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のエポキシシラン系化合物、アクリル系化合物、イソシアネート系化合物、チタネート系化合物、エポキシ系化合物などが挙げられる。
これらの集束剤や表面処理剤は2種以上を併用してもよく、その使用量(付着量)は、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維の質量に対し、通常10質量%以下、好ましくは0.05~5質量%である。付着量を10質量%以下とすることにより、必要十分な効果が得られ、経済的である。
粒状又は無定形の他の無機充填剤としては、セラミックビーズ、アスベスト、クレー、ゼオライト、チタン酸カリウム、硫酸バリウム、酸化チタン、酸化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、さらに(E)相溶化剤を含有することが好ましい。(E)相溶化剤を含有することで、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂、(C)熱膨張性微小球またはマスターバッチの熱可塑性樹脂との相溶化を促進させることにより、各成分の分散粒径が小さくなり、界面強度も高くなることで、優れた機械的強度や優れた外観が得られ易くなる。
(E)相溶化剤としては、特にポリカーボネート樹脂又はスチレン-マレイン酸共重合体が好ましい。
[η]=1.23×10-4Mv0.83
本発明においては、安定剤を含有することが、熱安定性改良や、機械的強度、透明性や色相の悪化を防止する効果を有するという点で好ましい。安定剤としては、リン系安定剤、イオウ系安定剤およびフェノール系安定剤が好ましい。
(R1O)3-nP(=O)OHn
(式中、R1は、アルキル基またはアリール基であり、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。nは0~2の整数を示す。)
で表される化合物である。より好ましくは、R1が炭素原子数8~30の長鎖アルキルアシッドホスフェート化合物が挙げられる。炭素原子数8~30のアルキル基の具体例としては、オクチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、イソオクチル基、ノニル基、イソノニル基、デシル基、イソデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、イソトリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、オクタデシル基、エイコシル基、トリアコンチル基等が挙げられる。
R2O-P(OR3)(OR4)
(式中、R2、R3及びR4は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素原子数1~30のアルキル基または炭素原子数6~30のアリール基であり、R2、R3及びR4のうちの少なくとも1つは炭素原子数6~30のアリール基である。)
で表される化合物が挙げられる。
R5-P(OR6)(OR7)
(式中、R5、R6及びR7は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素原子数1~30のアルキル基又は炭素原子数6~30のアリール基であり、R5、R6及びR7のうちの少なくとも1つは炭素原子数6~30のアリール基である。)
で表される化合物が挙げられる。
本発明においては、離型剤を含有することが好ましい。離型剤としては、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂に通常使用される既知の離型剤が利用可能であるが、中でも、耐アルカリ性が良好な点で、ポリオレフィン系化合物、脂肪酸エステル系化合物が好ましく、特に、ポリオレフィン系化合物が好ましい。
アルコールとしては、飽和又は不飽和の1価又は多価アルコールを挙げることができる。これらのアルコールは、フッ素原子、アリール基などの置換基を有していてもよい。これらの中では、炭素数30以下の1価又は多価の飽和アルコールが好ましく、炭素数30以下の脂肪族飽和1価アルコール又は多価アルコールが更に好ましい。ここで脂肪族とは、脂環式化合物も含有する。
かかるアルコールの具体例としては、オクタノール、デカノール、ドデカノール、ステアリルアルコール、ベヘニルアルコール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、2,2-ジヒドロキシペルフルオロプロパノール、ネオペンチレングリコール、ジトリメチロールプロパン、ジペンタエリスリトール等が挙げられる。
なお、上記のエステル化合物は、不純物として脂肪族カルボン酸及び/又はアルコールを含有していてもよく、複数の化合物の混合物であってもよい。
本発明においては、カーボンブラックを含有することが好ましい。
カーボンブラックは、その種類、原料種、製造方法に制限はなく、ファーネスブラック、チャンネルブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック等のいずれをも使用することができる。その数平均粒径には特に制限はないが、5~60nm程度であることが好ましい。
本発明において、上記した以外の他の熱可塑性樹脂を、本発明の効果を損わない範囲で含有することができる。その他の熱可塑性樹脂としては、具体的には、例えば、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリフェニレンオキサイド樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂、ポリサルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルサルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂等が挙げられる。
ただし、その他の樹脂を含有する場合の量は、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂および(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の合計100質量部に対し、20質量部以下とすることが好ましく、10質量部以下がより好ましく、さらには5質量部以下、特には3質量部以下とすることが好ましい。
ここで、押出機の全長Lとは、上記各成分を搬送、混練、溶融するスクリューの合計長さを意味し、具体的には押出機根元の供給部(ホッパー部)からスクリュー先端部までの長さをいう。また、押出機下流の先端部から(C)熱膨張性微小球の投入位置までの距離Sとは、押出機下流の先端部から(C)熱膨張性微小球あるいはそのマスターバッチを投入する投入口中央部までの距離を意味し、具体的にはスクリュー先端部から(C)熱膨張性微小球あるいはそのマスターバッチの投入用開口部の中央までの長さをいう。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットは、特に限定されないが、熱可塑性樹脂組成物について一般に採用されている成形法を任意に適用できる。その例を挙げると、射出成形法、超高速射出成形法、射出圧縮成形法、二色成形法、ガスアシスト等の中空成形法、断熱金型を使用した成形法、急速加熱金型を使用した成形法、発泡成形(超臨界流体も含む)、インサート成形、IMC(インモールドコーティング成形)成形法、押出成形法、シート成形法、熱成形法、回転成形法、積層成形法、プレス成形法、ブロー成形法等が挙げられる。
中でも、本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットは、射出成形用材として好ましく、また、発泡成形体を製造するための発泡成形用材として好適である。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを用いて発泡成形体を製造する方法は、特に限定されず、熱可塑性樹脂組成物について一般に採用されている成形法を任意に採用でき、例えば、押出発泡成形、射出発泡成形、プレス発泡成形、型内発泡成形等の公知のいずれの方法にも適用できる。中でも、生産性と本発明の効果が顕著であることから、射出発泡成形法が好ましい。射出発泡成形法としては、金型キャビティに射出充填し、(C)熱膨張性微小球による膨張圧力によって金型キャビティの空隙を充填せしめるショートショット法、あるいは、金型キャビティ容量が可変である金型キャビティ中に射出充填し、可動金型を後退させ、(C)熱膨張性微小球による膨張圧力によって金型キャビティの空隙を充填せしめるコアバック法が好ましく挙げられる。
電気電子機器部品としては、各種の筐体部品、例えばリレーケース、スマートメーター筐体、産業用ブレーカー筐体、インバーターケース、携帯電話筐体、温暖機器筐体、IH調理器の筐体、ボタンケース、グリル取手、コイル周辺部材、炊飯器保護枠、電池用セパレーター、電池用ケース、電子部品搬送用トレイ、電池搬送用トレイ、自動車用充電設備部材等が挙げられる。
自動車に搭載される成形部品としては、自動車に実装される各種の筐体、例えばエンジンコントロールユニット(ECU)用の筐体、自動車に内装されるヘッドアップディスプレイの筐体、自動車搭載電池用のケース、カバーやセパレーター、各種モーターケース、センサーケース、カメラケース、ホルダー部品、エアコン風向き制御板、ドアミラーステイ、ドアトリム、自動車の電装用コネクター部品等に、好適に用いることができる。
上記表1に示した各成分の内、(C)及び(D)以外の成分を後記表2に示す割合(全て質量部)にて、タンブラーミキサーで均一に混合した後、二軸押出機(芝浦機械社製「TEM41SX」、押出機の全長L=246mm、L/D=60)の根元にある第1供給口から供給した。(C)成分は、(D)成分をサイドフィードした後に、サイドフィードすることにより行った。
最大シリンダー設定温度を250℃として、表2に記載の樹脂温度で、吐出量100kg/h、スクリュー回転数170rpmの条件で溶融混練した後、押出機先端のダイノズルからストランド状に押出し、メッシュベルト上で徐冷し、ペレタイザーを用いてペレット化し、熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを得た。
上記で得られたペレットを温度120℃のオーブンに収容して、6時間乾燥させた後、ペレットを取り出す際に、ペレット同士が融着しているかどうかを観察し、融着がないものをA、ペレット同士が融着しているものはCとして、耐熱性を評価した。
上記で得られたペレット20gを目視で選別し、以下の基準にて判定を行った。
A:直径1mm以上の白色異物が確認されなかった
B:直径1mm以上の白色異物が確認されたペレットが、5g以下である
C:直径1mm以上の白色異物が確認されたペレットが、5gを上回る
得られた樹脂組成物のペレットを、予め120℃で6時間予備乾燥し、シャットオフノズルを具備した日本製鋼所社製J85AD射出成形機にてショートショット法にて発泡射出成形を行い、肉厚3mm、タテ40mm×ヨコ120mmの発泡成形品を得た。成形条件は、シリンダー温度260℃、金型温度80℃、射出速度100mm/sec及び300mm/sec、冷却時間20秒、背圧5MPa、保圧0MPaで行った。
上記発泡射出成形後の発泡成形品のヒケの有無を目視で観察し、以下の基準で判定を行った。
A:ヒケが観察されないもの
B:直径3mm未満の微小なヒケが1~5個ある
C:直径3mm以上の大きなヒケがある、または、直径3mm未満の微小なヒケが6個以上ある
得られた発泡成形品の比重(g/cm3)を測定し、これを未発泡成形品の比重(g/cm3)で除して、比重の減少割合(%)を発泡軽量化効果(%)として表2に記載した。未発泡成形品は、例えば射出成形時に、射出ピーク圧の50%以上の高い保圧をかけて成形することによって得ることができる。各成形品の比重は島津製作所社製「上皿電子分析天びんAW320」を用いて、水中重量法により測定した。
射出成形機(日精樹脂工業社製「NEX80」)にて、シリンダー温度260℃、金型温度80℃、射出時間0.5secの条件で、直径100mm、厚み1.6mmの円板をサイドゲート金型により成形し、円板の反り量(単位:mm)を求め、以下の基準により、反り性の評価判定を行った。保圧はピーク圧力の80%の圧力を加えた。
A:反り量が2.0mm未満
B:反り量が2.0mm以上10.0mm以下
C:反り量が10.0mm超
以上の結果を、以下の表2に示す。
前記表1に示した各成分の内、(C)及び(D)以外の成分を後記表3に示す割合(全て質量部)にて、タンブラーミキサーで均一に混合した後、二軸押出機(芝浦機械社製「TEM41SX」、押出機の全長L=246mm、L/D=60)の根元にある第1供給口から供給した。(C)成分は表3に記載したように、(D)成分をサイドフィードした後に、表3に記載の投入位置S(下流側のスクリュー先端部からの距離cm)からサイドフィード(表3中、「分割」)することにより行った。
最大シリンダー設定温度を250℃として、表3に記載の樹脂温度で、吐出量100kg/h、スクリュー回転数180rpmの条件で溶融混練した後、押出機先端のダイノズルからストランド状に押出し、メッシュコンベアにて徐冷し、ペレタイザーを用いてペレット化し、熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを得た。
前記と同様にして、評価を行った。結果を、以下の表3に示す。
[発泡成形品の曲げ弾性率の評価]
上記発泡成形品の中央部から、タテ10mm×ヨコ80mmの試験片を打ち抜き、この試験片を用い、ISO178を参考とし、23℃の温度で、曲げ弾性率(単位:MPa)を測定した。
結果を、以下の表4に示す。
Claims (19)
- (A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)最大膨張温度が250~320℃の範囲にあり、平均粒子径が10~50μmの範囲にある熱膨張性微小球を、0.5~20質量部含有することを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレット。
- 射出成形用材である請求項1に記載のペレット。
- さらに、(D)無機充填剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、10~100質量部含有する請求項1または2に記載のペレット。
- (B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の250℃,912sec-1に於ける溶融粘度が、80~500Pa・sの範囲にある請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のペレット。
- (D)無機充填剤が、繊維状フィラーである請求項3に記載のペレット。
- さらに、(E)相溶化剤として、ポリカーボネート樹脂を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、0~30質量部含有する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のペレット。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のペレットを発泡成形した成形品。
- 未発泡成形品の比重に対する、発泡成形した成形品の比重の減少率が15%以上である請求項7に記載の成形品。
- 自動車に搭載される成形部品である請求項7または8に記載の成形品。
- (A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを押出機により製造する方法であって、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を混合して溶融させた後、(C)熱膨張性微小球を添加することを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
- (A)固有粘度が0.3~1.3dl/gのポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を30~100質量部、(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を0~70質量部含有する(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、(C)熱膨張性微小球を0.5~20質量部含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットを押出機により製造する方法であって、(C)熱膨張性微小球と熱可塑性樹脂からなるマスターバッチと、(A)ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂と(B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂を溶融混練する工程を含むことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
- さらに、(D)無機充填剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、10~100質量部配合する、請求項10又は11に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法。
- (D)無機充填剤をサイドフィードし混合した後に、(C)熱膨張性微小球または(C)熱膨張性微小球と熱可塑性樹脂からなるマスターバッチを配合する、請求項12に記載の製造方法。
- (D)無機充填剤が、繊維状フィラーである、請求項12又は13に記載の製造方法。
- さらに、(E)相溶化剤を、(A)と(B)の合計100質量部に対して、5~50質量部含有する、請求項10~14のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- (C)熱膨張性微小球の最大膨張温度が、250~320℃の範囲にある、請求項10~15のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 押出機から出た直後の樹脂温度が、200~275℃の範囲にある、請求項10~16のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 押出機の先端部から(C)熱膨張性微小球の投入位置までの距離Sが、押出機の全長Lに対して、S/Lで0.05~0.5の範囲にある、請求項10~17のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- (B)ポリスチレン又はゴム強化ポリスチレン樹脂の250℃,912sec-1に於ける溶融粘度が、80~500Pa・sの範囲にある、請求項10~18のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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JP2007191690A (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-08-02 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル及び発泡成形体 |
JP2011016884A (ja) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Kureha Corp | 熱膨張性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法、添加剤並びに成形体 |
JP2012151296A (ja) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-08-09 | Polyplastics Co | 電子部品実装部品 |
JP2012158650A (ja) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-23 | Yazaki Corp | 押出し発泡成形組成物 |
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JP2020176159A (ja) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-29 | 三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物及び成形体 |
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JP2007191690A (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-08-02 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 熱膨張性マイクロカプセル及び発泡成形体 |
JP2011016884A (ja) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Kureha Corp | 熱膨張性マイクロスフェアー及びその製造方法、添加剤並びに成形体 |
JP2012151296A (ja) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-08-09 | Polyplastics Co | 電子部品実装部品 |
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