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WO2023005996A1 - 一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品 - Google Patents

一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005996A1
WO2023005996A1 PCT/CN2022/108367 CN2022108367W WO2023005996A1 WO 2023005996 A1 WO2023005996 A1 WO 2023005996A1 CN 2022108367 W CN2022108367 W CN 2022108367W WO 2023005996 A1 WO2023005996 A1 WO 2023005996A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
area
customizable
microstructure
counterfeiting
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/108367
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙凯
杨栋
Original Assignee
中钞特种防伪科技有限公司
中国印钞造币集团有限公司
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Application filed by 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司, 中国印钞造币集团有限公司 filed Critical 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023005996A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005996A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/21—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the fields of anti-counterfeiting identification and anti-counterfeiting traceability marking, and in particular relates to a customizable anti-counterfeiting element and anti-counterfeiting product.
  • the purpose of the embodiment of the present application is a customizable anti-counterfeit element and anti-counterfeit product.
  • the anti-counterfeiting effects formed by microstructures include diffraction, interference, reflection, refraction, sampling and other effects, which are widely used because of their high brightness and obvious dynamic effects, without the need of direct human eyes. You can tell the truth from the fake by observing.
  • the plate-making cost of the microstructure is very high, and a large number of copies are required to amortize the finished product, which is difficult to customize.
  • the patent document CN103279731A uses the random image details generated when printing the two-dimensional code as the anti-counterfeiting characteristic part, and performs anti-counterfeiting by comparing the obtained data information to be verified with the corresponding anti-counterfeiting data information in the database.
  • temperature-changing materials are added to the printing of two-dimensional codes, and temperature changes can be used to correspond to the color changes of two-dimensional code labels for anti-counterfeiting, and at room temperature, two-dimensional codes are colorless, and after heating In order to scan and decrypt the two-dimensional code, the anti-counterfeiting effect of the anti-counterfeiting label is further improved.
  • the anti-counterfeit traceability label will use the mobile phone to scan the barcode or QR code information on the anti-counterfeit traceability label and match the magnetic information of the magnetic function layer of the anti-counterfeit traceability label with the mobile phone to verify the result and feedback product traceability information.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application skillfully utilizes microstructures to realize directional shading.
  • the same batch of anti-counterfeiting elements uses the same microstructure template, and the microstructure directional shading produced by it can customize graphics and texts, so that the customizable graphics and texts have optically variable anti-counterfeiting features. It has the advantages of customization, strong anti-counterfeiting ability, low cost and anti-alteration.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has the advantage of being customizable, and the graphic layer can be realized by variable printing methods such as inkjet printing, and each anti-counterfeiting element can have a different graphic layer, such as a two-dimensional code as a readable element,
  • the graphic and text of each anti-counterfeit component has a unique two-dimensional code, and the traceability information of the anti-counterfeit component and its corresponding products can be obtained by scanning the two-dimensional code, realizing the function of "one code for one item".
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has the advantage of strong anti-counterfeiting ability.
  • the appearance of the anti-counterfeiting element changes with the change of the observation position.
  • the reproduced images presented under different observation positions are different, and the unoccluded graphic layer can only be observed under some observation positions.
  • the authenticity of anti-counterfeiting components and two-dimensional codes and other readable elements can be distinguished by direct observation with human eyes.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has the advantage of strong anti-counterfeiting ability, which is also reflected in forcing the user to identify the anti-counterfeiting feature. Many anti-counterfeiting elements have good anti-counterfeiting capabilities, but the anti-counterfeiting effect of the anti-counterfeiting elements is greatly reduced because users do not distinguish the anti-counterfeiting features.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has an optically variable anti-counterfeiting feature, and the unobstructed graphic layer and the readable elements in the graphic layer can only be observed in a part of the observation position.
  • the process of identifying the readable element by the user is the process of identifying whether it has an optically variable anti-counterfeiting feature.
  • the anti-counterfeit element of the present application has the advantage of low cost, the customization of the graphic layer does not involve plate-making of the microstructure, and the anti-counterfeit element with different graphic layers uses the same microstructure original plate, and a large number of anti-counterfeit elements can be copied in one plate-making, which reduces the cost of plate-making cost.
  • the resolution required for micro-masks and occlusion graphics is extremely high, which cannot be realized by conventional printing processes.
  • micro-structures are used. Through one-time micro-structure replication and simple post-processing, different micro-structures can form transparent, white, Different appearances such as black and color, etc. Compared with laser etching and other methods, the process is simple and the cost is low.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has the advantage of anti-alteration.
  • the graphic layer is under the shielding layer and is not directly exposed to the outside.
  • the graphic layer and the shielding layer are prevented from being separated, and counterfeiters cannot tamper with the picture without destroying the shielding layer. layer. Tampering with the graphic layer will inevitably destroy the shielding layer and the corresponding optical anti-counterfeiting effect, and the user can easily identify whether the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application has been altered by observing with human eyes.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a customizable anti-counterfeiting element and anti-counterfeiting product
  • the anti-counterfeiting element includes: a graphic layer and a shielding layer, the shielding layer includes a micro-mask and a sampling system; the graphic layer is a customizable
  • the micro-mask includes a light-transmitting area and an opaque area; the micro-mask is used to block the graphic layer, and the sampling system can sample and synthesize the blocked graphic layer to form a reproduced image, and the reproduced image presented at different observation positions different.
  • the reproduced image includes one of the following: the graphic layer is completely blocked, the graphic layer is partially blocked, and the graphic layer is not blocked.
  • the partial occlusion of the image and text layer includes one or more of the following: different occlusion areas, different occlusion positions, and different occlusion transparency.
  • the opaque area includes occluded text
  • the occluded text is a readable element, including at least one of patterns, characters, barcodes, and two-dimensional codes.
  • the micro-mask is a hollow metal coating.
  • the sampling system includes a microlens array, a cylindrical lens array, a ball lens array, a pinhole array, a slit array and/or a Fresnel lens array.
  • the shielding layer further includes a spacer layer, and the spacer layer is located between the sampling system and the micro-mask.
  • the content of the image-text layer is a readable element, including at least one of pattern, text, barcode, and two-dimensional code.
  • the readable elements are used for manual direct reading and/or machine indirect reading of product information, and the readable elements include serial numbers, serial numbers, traceability information and/or anti-counterfeiting features.
  • the first observation position and the second observation position have different reproduced images
  • the readable elements of the graphic layer at the first observation position can be used for manual direct recognition Reading and/or indirectly reading product information with the help of a machine
  • the recognizable elements of the graphic layer at the second viewing position cannot be used for manual direct reading and/or indirect reading of product information with the help of a machine.
  • the observation position includes an observation angle and an observation distance; different observation positions include different observation distances and/or observation angles.
  • the thickness of the anti-counterfeiting element is no more than 5mm, preferably no more than 200um, more preferably no more than 100um.
  • the micromask is superimposed with a relief structure, and the relief structure includes at least two kinds of microstructures, at least one of which makes the micromask have a light-transmitting appearance, and wherein at least one of the microstructures makes the micromask produce a non-transparent appearance.
  • the appearance of the light transmission, the distribution of the light transmission area and the opaque area of the micro mask depends on the distribution of the microstructure.
  • the method for making a micromask includes: making a relief structure layer, the relief structure layer at least includes a first region composed of a first microstructure, a second region composed of a second microstructure, the depth of the first microstructure , aspect ratio, specific area and/or specific volume are greater than the depth, aspect ratio, specific area and/or specific volume of the second microstructure; making a shielding layer; placing the structure in an atmosphere capable of reacting with the shielding layer, The shading layer is affected by the undulating structure, and the reaction process of the shading layer in the first area is faster than the reaction process in the second area; the shading layer in the first area is partially or completely removed, which is a light-transmitting area; the shading layer in the second area is partially or It is not removed at all and is an opaque area.
  • the method for making a micromask includes: making a relief structure layer, the relief structure layer at least includes a first region composed of a first microstructure, a second region composed of a second microstructure, the first microstructure is flat structure, the second microstructure is a concave structure; the occlusion material is filled into the depression; the first area is not filled with the occlusion material, which is a light-transmitting area; the second area is filled with an occlusion material, which is an opaque area.
  • the opaque area includes at least two types of microstructures. Different microstructures in the opaque area form different opaque appearances on the micromask, and the different opaque appearances form blocking graphics.
  • the method for making a micromask also includes: making a relief structure layer, the relief structure layer at least includes a first region composed of a first microstructure, a second region composed of a second microstructure, a second region composed of a third microstructure In the third region formed, the depth, aspect ratio, specific area and/or specific volume of the first microstructure are greater than the depth, aspect ratio, specific area and/or specific volume of the second microstructure and the third microstructure; making Shielding layer; above-mentioned structure is placed in the atmosphere that can react with shielding layer, and shielding layer is affected by undulating structure, and the reaction process of the shielding layer of the first area is faster than the reaction process of the second area and the third area; The reaction process of the first area The shielding layer is partially or completely removed, which is a light-transmitting region; the shielding layer of the second region and the third region is partially or completely not removed, and is an opaque region; affected by the relief structure, the second region and the third region have different The appearance of the composition
  • the method for making a micromask includes: making a relief structure layer, the relief structure layer at least includes a first region composed of a first microstructure, a second region composed of a second microstructure, a second region composed of a third microstructure
  • the first microstructure is a flat structure
  • the second microstructure and the third microstructure are different concave structures
  • the blocking material is filled into the concave
  • the first region is not filled with the blocking material, which is a light-transmitting region
  • the second The second area and the third area are filled with shading materials, which are opaque areas; because of the different concave structures, the shading materials filled in the second area and the third area have different appearances to form shading graphics.
  • the method for making the graphic layer is at least one of inkjet printing, laser printing, inkjet printing and laser ablation.
  • the graphics layer and masking layer prevent separation.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an anti-counterfeit product, which includes the above anti-counterfeit element.
  • the anti-counterfeit product includes banknotes, ID cards, product packaging, bank cards or money orders.
  • the anti-counterfeiting element of the present application cleverly utilizes microstructures to achieve directional shading.
  • the same batch of anti-counterfeiting elements uses the same microstructure template, and the directional shading of the microstructures produced by it can customize graphics and texts, making the customizable graphics and texts optically visible.
  • the changed anti-counterfeiting feature significantly improves the anti-counterfeiting ability.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anti-counterfeiting element of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of different viewing positions of an anti-counterfeiting element of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the sampling system of the present application is a microlens array
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the sampling system of the present application is a Fresnel lens array
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the sampling system of the present application is a small hole array and a slit array
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the combination of sampling system, micromask and graphic layer of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that this application is implemented on the banknote
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of implementing the present application on product packaging.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anti-counterfeiting element of the present application.
  • the shown anti-counterfeiting element includes a first graphic layer 2 and a shielding layer 1, and the shielding layer 1 includes a micro-mask 11 and a sampling system 13; the shielding layer 1 also includes a spacer layer 12, which is located in the sampling system. 13 and the micromask 11, the spacer layer 12 is optional (patent document CN104024921A provides a solution that does not include a spacer layer).
  • the shielding layer 1 is a light field imaging system, and the first graphic layer 2 and the shielding layer 1 are prevented from being separated, and the anti-counterfeiting element will be destroyed after separation.
  • the thickness of the anti-counterfeit element is not more than 5mm, preferably not more than 200um, more preferably not more than 100um.
  • the micromask 11 is used to block the first graphic layer 2, and the sampling system 13 can at least sample and synthesize the first graphic layer 2 to form a reproduced image.
  • the reproduced images presented at different observation positions are different.
  • the first observation position 3 and the second The two observation positions 4 are different reproduced images presented by different observation positions.
  • the sampling area on the corresponding micromask 11 of the first observation position 3 is all transparent, can see through the micromask 11 at the first observation position 3 and observe the first graphic layer 2 that is not blocked completely;
  • Micromask 11 It includes a light-transmitting area and an opaque area.
  • the opaque area includes occluded graphics and texts, and the occluded graphics include at least one of patterns, characters, barcodes, two-dimensional codes, and readable elements.
  • the second observation position 4 corresponds to micro
  • the regions on the mask 11 are all opaque, and the collected information is occluded images and texts. What is observed at the second observation position 4 is the occluded images and texts designed on the opaque areas of the micromask 11, so at the first observation position 3 It is different from the graphic information obtained at the second observation position 4.
  • the reproduced image includes one of the following: the first graphic layer 2 is completely blocked, the first graphic layer 2 is partially blocked, and the first graphic layer 2 is not blocked.
  • the reproduced image is partially occluded, including one or more of the following: different occlusion areas, different occlusion positions, and different occlusion transparency.
  • the feature that the shading effect changes with the viewing position is determined by the setting of the microstructure in the shading layer 1 .
  • the first viewing position 3 and the second viewing position 4 have different viewing angles.
  • the manufacturing method of the first graphic layer 2 includes but not limited to inkjet printing, laser printing, inkjet printing, laser ablation and the like.
  • the first graphic layer 2 can be directly made or combined on the surface of the micro-mask 11 of the shielding layer 1, or can be made separately and then combined together. Other structures can be arranged between the micromask 11 and the first graphic layer 2 , and they can also be closely attached.
  • the micromask 11 includes a light-transmitting area and an opaque area, and the opaque area includes occluded text, and the occluded text includes at least one of patterns, characters, barcodes, two-dimensional codes, and readable elements.
  • the micro-mask 11 is a hollow metal coating, and the micro-mask 11 is stacked with a relief structure, and the relief structure includes at least one microstructure.
  • the light-transmitting area is a permeable hollow area
  • the opaque area is an opaque blocking area
  • the opaque blocking area has blocking graphics.
  • the surface of the micro-mask 11 may be uneven, such as a light-transmitting hollow area, a concave shape, or other undulating shapes.
  • a preferred method of making the first graphic layer 2 is to directly print the first graphic layer 2 on the shielding layer 1 by inkjet printing.
  • the inkjet printer is easy to integrate into roll-to-roll equipment and adapt to higher machine speeds. It has strong customization.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of different viewing positions of an anti-counterfeiting element of the present application.
  • Observation positions include observation angles and observation distances; different observation positions include different observation distances and/or observation angles, and the reproduced images presented at different observation positions are different.
  • the third observation position 5 and the fourth observation position 6 have different observation distances.
  • Observing the shielding layer 1 at the third viewing position 5 is transparent, presenting the customizable graphics and text contained in the first graphics and text layer 2, which is the case that the first graphics and text layer 2 is not blocked at all.
  • What is observed at the fourth observation position 6 is the occluded image and text, which is the case where the first image and text layer 2 is completely blocked.
  • the reproduced image includes one of the following: the first graphic layer 2 is completely blocked, the first graphic layer 2 is partially blocked, and the first graphic layer 2 is not blocked.
  • the first graphic layer 2 is partially blocked, including one or more of the following: different blocking areas, different blocking positions and different blocking transparency.
  • the sampling system 13 includes a microlens array, a cylindrical lens array, a ball lens array, a pinhole array, a slit array and/or a Fresnel lens array, and some applicable other sampling systems include the image icon focusing element in the patent document CN1906547B, the patent The image icon gathering element in the document CN103097919B, the gathering element in the patent document CN104582978B, and the harmonic diffraction microlens array in the patent document CN101767511B. Wherein, the occlusion effect of the reconstructed image formed by different sampling systems is different. Sampling system 13 includes and is not limited to the following sampling methods.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sampling system 13 of the present application as a microlens array.
  • the microlens array is an array composed of lenses with a clear aperture and a relief depth of micron. It not only has the basic functions of traditional lenses such as focusing and imaging, but also has the characteristics of small unit size and high integration, which enables it to complete the traditional Functions that optical components cannot complete, and can constitute many new types of optical systems.
  • its sampling system 13 is a microlens array 13a, and the microlens array includes not limited to ball lenses and cylindrical lenses.
  • the shielding layer 1 includes a micromask 11, a spacer layer 12, and a microlens array 13a.
  • the sampling area of the microlens array 13a is a collection of observation positions projected on the micromask 11 through each microlens.
  • the sampling area of the ball lens is a point array
  • the sampling area of the cylindrical lens is a linear array, and the distribution of the sampling area corresponds to the distribution of the microlens.
  • the surface of the ball lens is an imprecise or precise spherical surface
  • the surface of the cylindrical lens is an imprecise or precise cylindrical surface. In order to improve the sampling effect or reduce the production cost, the shape of the ball lens or cylindrical lens can be adjusted appropriately.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sampling system 13 of the present application as a Fresnel lens array.
  • Fresnel lens also known as threaded lens, is engraved with concentric circles from small to large on the mirror surface, and its texture is set according to the sampling distance and range.
  • the shielding layer 1 includes a micromask 11 , a spacer layer 12 , and a Fresnel lens array 13 b.
  • Fresnel lenses are segmented compressed ball or cylinder lenses with discontinuous surface topography that can achieve the same sampling effect as ball or cylinder lenses.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the sampling system 13 of the present application as a small hole array.
  • the shielding layer 1 includes a micromask 11 , a spacer layer 12 , and a small hole array 15 .
  • the sampling area of the small hole array 15 is a collection of observation positions projected on the micromask 11 through each small hole.
  • the shape of the small hole can be circular or other shapes.
  • the small hole array 15 can be replaced by a slit array.
  • the sampling area of the slit array is the collection of observation positions projected on the micromask 11 through each slit.
  • the shape of the slit includes but is not limited to a strip shape.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the sampling system 13, the micromask 11 and the graphic layer of the present application.
  • the area e of the micromask 11 is a hollow area, and the area c and area d have different observation effects.
  • the micromask 11, the optional spacer layer 12, and the sampling system 13 form the shielding layer 1.
  • the sampling area corresponding to the first observation position 3 falls in the area e
  • the sampling area corresponding to the second observation position 4 Falling in area c and area d
  • the occlusion image and text composed of area c and area d can be observed at the second observation position 4 .
  • the micromask 11 includes a light-transmitting area and an opaque area.
  • the opaque area includes occlusion graphics, and the occlusion graphics include at least one of patterns, characters, barcodes, two-dimensional codes, and readable elements.
  • the two-dimensional code has four error tolerance levels of L, M, Q, and H, and the corresponding error tolerance rates are 7%, 15%, 25%, and 30%.
  • the blocked ratio of the two-dimensional code is less than the corresponding error tolerance rate, and the two-dimensional code can be recognized;
  • the blocked ratio of the two-dimensional code exceeds the corresponding error tolerance rate, and the two-dimensional code cannot be recognized.
  • the second graphic layer 2a and the shielding layer 1 form the first anti-counterfeiting element 0a
  • the third graphic layer 2b and the shielding layer 1 form the second anti-counterfeiting element 0b.
  • Regions a and b of different shapes are distributed on the second graphic layer 2a and the third graphic layer 2b to form different customizable graphics.
  • the customizable graphic is the content of the graphic layer, including at least one of patterns, characters, barcodes, two-dimensional codes, and readable elements.
  • the readable elements are directly readable by humans and/or indirectly read by machines, including serial numbers, serial numbers, traceability information, and anti-counterfeiting features.
  • the identifiable elements are associated with product information, and the associated query methods include but are not limited to direct reading, telephone query, SMS query, website query, barcode scanning query and/or QR code scanning query, etc.
  • Region a and region b are exposed through the hollowed-out region on the micromask 11, and the sampling region corresponding to the first observation position 3 falls on the exposed part of region a and region b, and regions a and b can be observed at the first observation position 3
  • the customizable graphic and text composed of area b.
  • the first anti-counterfeiting element 0a observes the first customizable graphic 3a at the first observation position 3 is made on the second graphic layer 2a
  • the second anti-counterfeiting element 0b observes the second customizable graphic at the first observation position 3
  • the text 3b is made on the third graphic layer 2b.
  • the manufacturing method of the micromask 11 may include the following steps: forming a relief structure layer, making the relief structure layer, the relief structure layer at least includes a first region composed of a first microstructure, a second region composed of a second microstructure, and a second region composed of a second microstructure.
  • a region is an expected hollow region, the aspect ratio of the first microstructure is greater than the aspect ratio of the second microstructure; the specific area of the first microstructure is greater than the specific area of the second microstructure and/or the specific volume of the first microstructure greater than the specific volume of the second microstructure; forming a shielding layer 1; optionally forming a protective layer; placing the above structure in an atmosphere capable of reacting with the shielding layer 1 until part or all of the shielding layer located in the first region is removed until. Since the first microstructure has different structural parameters from other microstructures, the reaction speed of the shielding layer 1 in the first region is higher than that of the shielding layer 1 in other regions.
  • the relief structure layer further includes at least a third region composed of a third microstructure, and the combination of the second microstructure and the third microstructure with the shielding layer 1 can produce different observation effects, such as different brightness, color and/or saturation effects , so that the appearance of the second area is in contrast to that of the third area, and after patterning, the production of occluded graphics and texts is realized.
  • the manufacturing method of the micro-mask 11 may further include the following steps: forming a relief structure layer, making a depression in the expected shielding area; filling the depression with the shielding layer 1 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the present application on banknotes.
  • the third anti-counterfeit element Oa1 is installed on the banknote 30
  • the third customizable graphic 3a1 is observed from the first viewing position 3
  • the first blocking graphic 4a1 is observed from the second viewing position 4 .
  • Both the third customizable graphic and text 3a1 and the first masking graphic and text 4a1 include patterns, characters, and barcodes, and they all have a verification relationship with the banknote 30 .
  • the opening direction of the pattern is associated with a certain digit of the serial number 31 of the banknote 30, the serial number 31 of the banknote 30 is included in the text, the serial number 31 of the banknote 30 is included in the reading information of the barcode, and the serial number 31 of the banknote 30 is included in the pattern, and the serial number 31 of the banknote 30 is included in the pattern.
  • the text includes the face value of the banknote 30, and the reading information of the barcode includes the face value of the banknote 30, etc.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of implementing the present application on product packaging.
  • the fourth anti-counterfeiting element 0a2 is installed on the product package 32
  • the fourth customizable graphic and text 3a2 is observed from the first viewing position 3
  • the second blocking graphic and text 4a2 is observed from the second viewing position 4 .
  • the fourth customizable graphic 3a2 contains two-dimensional

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Abstract

提供了一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品。其中防伪元件包括：图文层(2)和遮挡层(1)，遮挡层(1)包括微掩膜(11)和采样系统(13)；微掩膜(11)用于遮挡图文层(2)，采样系统(13)能够对被遮挡的图文层(2)进行采样合成形成再现图像，在不同观察位置呈现的再现图像不同。这种防伪元件利用微结构实现定向遮挡，使可定制图文具有光学可变的防伪特征，提升了防伪能力。

Description

一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年7月28日提交至中国专利局、申请号为202110859642.7，申请名称为“一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于防伪识别及防伪溯源标识领域，具体地涉及一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品。
背景技术
假冒、仿制产品严重损害了产品生产者和使用者的合法权益，随着经济的快速发展，市场上的产品更加丰富多样，对辨别真伪和生产环节追溯的需求更加强烈。
目前在产品的生产、运输、仓储、销售、使用、追溯、防伪等环节，包含产品信息或编号的文本、条形码、二维码被广泛使用，具有能够被肉眼或机器识读、易于集成等优势，但是文本、条形码、二维码等容易被直接复制，仿制门槛低，其防伪能力有待增强。
申请内容
本申请实施例的目的是一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品。本申请人发现：在各种光学防伪技术中，微结构所形成的防伪效果包括衍射、干涉、反射、折射、采样等效果因为亮度高、动感效果明显而得到广泛应用，无需借助仪器直接人眼观察即可辨别真伪。但是微结构的制版成本很高，需要大量 复制摊低成品，难以定制化。
如专利文献CN103279731A，其利用印刷二维码时产生的随机图像细节作为防伪特征部分，通过将所获得的待验证数据信息与数据库中对应的防伪数据信息进行比较进行防伪。
如专利文献CN103465606A，利用温变材料加入到二维码的印刷中，可以用温度变化来对应二维码标签的颜色变化来进行防伪，并且在常温下，二维码是无色的，加热后才能对二维码进行扫描解密，进一步提高了防伪标签的防伪效果。
如专利文献CN106157055A，防伪溯源标识将使用手机扫描防伪溯源标签上的条码或二维码信息与使用手机感应防伪溯源标签的磁性功能层的磁性信息匹配，用以验证结果及反馈产品溯源信息。
本申请的防伪元件巧妙地利用微结构实现定向遮挡，同一批防伪元件使用相同的微结构模板，其制作的微结构定向遮挡可定制图文，使可定制图文具有光学可变的防伪特征，具有可定制、防伪能力强、低成本、防变造的优势。
本申请的防伪元件具有可定制的优势，图文层可以通过喷码印刷等可变印刷方式实现，每一个防伪元件都可以具有不同的图文层，例如以二维码作为可识读元素，每一个防伪元件的图文都有一个唯一的二维码，扫描二维码即可获取该防伪元件及其相应产品的追溯信息，实现“一物一码”的功能。
本申请的防伪元件具有防伪能力强的优势，防伪元件的外观是随观察位置变化而变化的，不同观察位置下呈现的再现图像不同，只有部分观察位置下才能观察到不被遮挡的图文层，人眼直接观察即可辨别防伪元件和二维码等可识读元素的真伪。
本申请的防伪元件具有防伪能力强的优势，还体现在强制使用者辨别防伪特征。很多防伪元件具有很好的防伪能力，由于使用者不去辨别防伪特征， 防伪元件的防伪效果大打折扣。本申请的防伪元件具有光学可变的防伪特征，只有部分观察位置下才能观察到不被遮挡的图文层和图文层中的可识读元素，使用者识别可识读元素时，需要先找到可识读元素不被遮挡的观察位置，才能在该观察位置识别可识读元素，因此使用者识别可识读元素的过程，就是辨别是否具有光学可变的防伪特征的过程。
本申请的防伪元件具有低成本的优势，图文层的定制不涉及微结构的制版，具有不同图文层的防伪元件使用相同的微结构原版，一次制版能够复制大量防伪元件，摊低了制版成本。微掩膜和遮挡图文要求的分辨率极高，无法使用常规印刷工艺实现，本申请中使用微结构实现，通过一次微结构复制和后期的简单处理，不同微结构即可形成透明、白、黑、彩色等不同的外观，与激光刻蚀等方法相比工艺简单、成本低。
本申请的防伪元件具有防变造的优势，图文层在遮挡层下方，不直接暴露在外部，图文层和遮挡层是防止分离的，造假者无法在不破坏遮挡层的情况下篡改图文层。篡改图文层势必会破坏遮挡层和相应的光学防伪效果，使用者通过人眼观察能够轻易识别本申请的防伪元件是否被变造。
为了实现上述目的，本申请实施例提供了一种可定制的防伪元件和防伪产品，该防伪元件包括：图文层和遮挡层，遮挡层包括微掩膜和采样系统；图文层是可定制的；微掩膜包括透光区和不透光区；微掩膜用于遮挡图文层，采样系统能够对被遮挡的图文层进行采样合成形成再现图像，在不同观察位置呈现的再现图像不同。
可选的，再现图像包括以下中的一者：图文层被完全遮挡、图文层被部分遮挡、图文层没有被遮挡。
可选的，图文层被部分遮挡，包括以下一者或多者：不同遮挡面积、不同遮挡位置和不同遮挡透明度。
可选的，不透光区包括遮挡图文，该遮挡图文为可识读元素，包括图案、 文字、条形码、二维码中至少一种。
可选的，微掩膜为镂空金属镀层。
可选的，采样系统包括微透镜阵列、柱透镜阵列、球透镜阵列、小孔阵列、狭缝阵列和/或菲涅尔透镜阵列。
可选的，遮挡层还包括间隔层，该间隔层位于采样系统和微掩膜之间。
可选的，图文层的内容为可识读元素，包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码中至少一种。
可选的，可识读元素用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息，可识读元素包括编号、冠字号码、追溯信息和/或防伪特征。
可选的，至少存在第一观察位置和第二观察位置，第一观察位置和第二观察位置具有不同的再现图像，在第一观察位置图文层的可识读元素能够用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息，在第二观察位置图文层的可识读元素无法用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息。
可选的，观察位置包括观察角度和观察距离；不同观察位置包括观察距离和/或观察角度不同。
可选的，防伪元件的厚度为不超过5mm，优选不超过200um，进一步优选不超过100um。
可选的，微掩膜叠加有起伏结构，该起伏结构包括至少两种微结构，其中至少一种微结构使微掩膜产生透光的外观，其中至少一种微结构使微掩膜产生不透光的外观，微掩膜的透光区与不透光区的分布取决于微结构的分布。
可选的，制作微掩膜的方法包括：制作起伏结构层，起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域，第一微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积大于第二微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积；制作遮挡层；将上述结构置于能够与遮挡层反应的氛围中，遮挡层受起伏结构影响，第一区域的遮挡层的反应过程快于第二区域的反应 过程；第一区域的遮挡层部分或完全被去除，为透光区；第二区域的遮挡层部分或完全不被去除，为不透光区。
可选的，制作微掩膜的方法包括：制作起伏结构层，起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域，第一微结构为平坦结构，第二微结构为凹陷结构；将遮挡材料填入凹陷；第一区域无遮挡材料填入，为透光区；第二区域有遮挡材料填入，为不透光区。
可选的，不透光区包括至少两种微结构，不透光区不同的微结构在微掩膜上形成不同的不透光外观，不同的不透光外观组成遮挡图文。
可选的，制作微掩膜的方法还包括：制作起伏结构层，起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域、由第三微结构组成的第三区域，第一微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积大于第二微结构、第三微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积；制作遮挡层；将上述结构置于能够与遮挡层反应的氛围中，遮挡层受起伏结构影响，第一区域的遮挡层的反应过程快于第二区域和第三区域的反应过程；第一区域的遮挡层部分或完全被去除，为透光区；第二区域和第三区域的遮挡层部分或完全不被去除，为不透光区；受起伏结构影响，第二区域和第三区域具有不同的外观组成遮挡图文。
可选的，制作微掩膜的方法包括：制作起伏结构层，起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域、由第三微结构组成的第三区域，第一微结构为平坦结构，第二微结构和第三微结构为不同的凹陷结构；将遮挡材料填入凹陷；第一区域无遮挡材料填入，为透光区；第二区域和第三区域有遮挡材料填入，为不透光区；因为凹陷结构不同，第二区域和第三区域填入的遮挡材料具有不同的外观组成遮挡图文。
可选的，制作图文层的方法为喷码印刷、激光打印、喷墨打印和激光烧蚀中的至少一种。
可选的，图文层和遮挡层防止分离。
相应的，本申请实施例还提供一种防伪产品，该防伪产品包括以上的防伪元件。
可选的，防伪产品包括钞票、身份证、产品包装、银行卡或汇票。
通过上述技术方案，本申请的防伪元件巧妙地利用微结构实现定向遮挡，同一批防伪元件使用相同的微结构模板，其制作的微结构定向遮挡可定制图文，使可定制图文具有光学可变的防伪特征，显著提高了防伪能力。
本申请实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本申请实施例，但并不构成对本申请实施例的限制。在附图中：
图1是本申请的一种防伪元件的示意图；
图2是本申请的一种防伪元件的不同观察位置的示意图；
图3是本申请的采样系统为微透镜阵列的示意图；
图4是本申请的采样系统为菲涅尔透镜阵列的示意图；
图5是本申请的采样系统为小孔阵列、狭缝阵列的示意图；
图6是本申请采样系统、微掩膜和图文层组合的示意图；
图7是本申请在钞票上实施的示意图；
图8是本申请在产品包装上实施的示意图。
附图标记说明
1遮挡层    2第一图文层
3第一观察位置         4第二观察位置
5第三观察位置         6第四观察位置
11微掩膜              12间隔层
13采样系统            13a微透镜阵列
13b菲涅尔透镜阵列     15小孔阵列或狭缝阵列
0a第一防伪元件        0b第二防伪元件
3a第一可定制图文      3b第二可定制图文
2a第二图文层          2b第三图文层
0a1第三防伪元件
30钞票                31冠字号码
3a1第三可定制图文     4a1第一遮挡图文
0a2第四防伪元件
3a2第四可定制图文     4a2第二遮挡图文
32产品                33追溯信息
34介绍信息            4a第五观察位置
4b第六观察位置
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本申请实施例，并不用于限制本申请实施例。
图1是本申请的一种防伪元件的示意图。如图所示，所示防伪元件包括第一图文层2和遮挡层1，遮挡层1包括微掩膜11和采样系统13；遮挡层1还包括间隔层12，该间隔层12位于采样系统13和微掩膜11之间，该间隔层12是可选的(专利文献CN104024921A提供一种不包含间隔层的方案)。 遮挡层1是一种光场成像系统，第一图文层2与遮挡层1是防止分离的，分离后会破坏防伪元件。防伪元件的厚度不超过5mm，优选不超过200um，进一步优选不超过100um。防伪元件的厚度越薄，伪造的难度越大，透过遮挡层1所观察到的图文层越清晰，也越容易集成在更薄的产品中。
微掩膜11用于遮挡第一图文层2，采样系统13能够至少对第一图文层2进行采样合成形成再现图像，在不同观察位置呈现的再现图像不同，第一观察位置3和第二观察位置4为不同的观察位置呈现的不同的再现图像。第一观察位置3对应微掩膜11上的采样区域都是透明的，在第一观察位置3能够透过微掩膜11观察到完全不被遮挡的第一图文层2；微掩膜11包括透光区和不透光区，不透光区包括遮挡图文，该遮挡图文包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码、可识读元素中至少一种，第二观察位置4对应微掩膜11上的区域都是不透明的，采集的信息为遮挡图文，在第二观察位置4观察到的是设计在微掩膜11不透明区域上的遮挡图文，所以在第一观察位置3和第二观察位置4得到的图文信息是不同。再现图像包括以下中的一者：第一图文层2被完全遮挡、第一图文层2被部分遮挡、第一图文层2没有被遮挡。再现图像被部分遮挡，包括以下一者或多者：不同遮挡面积、不同遮挡位置和不同遮挡透明度。遮挡效果随观察位置改变的特征是由遮挡层1中微结构的设置决定的。第一观察位置3与第二观察位置4具有不同的观察角度。第一图文层2的制作方法包括但不限于喷码印刷、激光打印、喷墨打印、激光烧蚀等。
第一图文层2可以直接制作或组合在遮挡层1的微掩膜11表面，也可以分别制作再组合到一起。微掩膜11与第一图文层2之间可以设置其他结构，也可以是紧密贴合的。微掩膜11包括透光区和不透光区，不透光区包括遮挡图文，该遮挡图文包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码、可识读元素中至少一种。微掩膜11为镂空金属镀层，微掩膜11叠加起伏结构，该起伏结 构包括至少一种微结构。透光区为可透光的镂空区域，不透光区为不透光的遮挡区域，不透光的遮挡区域有遮挡图文。微掩膜11表面可以是不平整的，如透光的镂空区域、有凹陷形态、或其他起伏形态。一种优选地制作第一图文层2的方法是直接将第一图文层2喷码印刷在遮挡层1上，喷码机容易集成到卷对卷设备上、适应较高的机速，具有较强的定制性。
图2是本申请的一种防伪元件的不同观察位置的示意图。观察位置包括观察角度和观察距离；不同观察位置包括观察距离和/或观察角度不同，在不同观察位置呈现的再现图像不同。如图2所示，第三观察位置5与第四观察位置6为不同的观察距离。在第三观察位置5观察遮挡层1是透明的，呈现出第一图文层2包含的可定制图文，这是第一图文层2完全不被遮挡的情况。在第四观察位置6观察到的为遮挡图文，这是第一图文层2完全被遮挡的情况。再现图像包括以下中的一者：第一图文层2被完全遮挡、第一图文层2被部分遮挡、第一图文层2没有被遮挡。第一图文层2被部分遮挡，包括以下一者或多者：不同遮挡面积、不同遮挡位置和不同遮挡透明度。
采样系统13包括微透镜阵列、柱透镜阵列、球透镜阵列、小孔阵列、狭缝阵列和/或菲涅尔透镜阵列，一些适用的其他采样系统包括专利文献CN1906547B中的影像图标聚焦元件、专利文献CN103097919B中的图像图标聚集元件、专利文献CN104582978B中的聚集元件、专利文献CN101767511B中的谐衍射微透镜阵列。其中，通过不同的采样系统形成的再现图像的被遮挡效果不同。采样系统13包括且不限于以下采样方法。
图3是本申请的采样系统13为微透镜阵列的示意图。微透镜阵列是由通光孔径及浮雕深度为微米级的透镜组成的阵列，它不仅具有传统透镜的聚焦、成像等基本功能，而且具有单元尺寸小、集成度高的特点，使得它能够完成传统光学元件无法完成的功能，并能构成许多新型的光学系统。
如图3所示，其采样系统13为微透镜阵列13a，该微透镜阵列包括不限 于球透镜、柱透镜。遮挡层1包括微掩膜11、间隔层12、微透镜阵列13a。微透镜阵列13a的采样区域是观察位置透过每个微透镜在微掩膜11上投影的集合。球透镜的采样区域是点状阵列，柱透镜的采样区域是线状阵列，采样区域的分布与微透镜的分布是对应的。球透镜表面为非精确或精确的球面，柱透镜表面为非精确或精确的柱面，为了提高采样效果或者降低制作成本，球透镜或柱透镜的形貌可以适当调整。
图4是本申请的采样系统13为菲涅尔透镜阵列的示意图。菲涅尔透镜(Fresnel lens)，又名螺纹透镜，镜面刻录了由小到大的同心圆，它的纹理是根据采样的距离和范围设定的。如图4所示，遮挡层1包括微掩膜11、间隔层12、菲涅尔透镜阵列13b。菲涅尔透镜是分段压缩的球透镜或柱透镜，具有非连续的表面形貌，能够实现与球透镜或柱透镜相同的采样效果。
图5是本申请的采样系统13为小孔阵列的示意图。如图5所示，遮挡层1包括微掩膜11、间隔层12、小孔阵列15。小孔阵列15的采样区域是观察位置透过每个小孔在微掩膜11上投影的集合。小孔的形状可以是圆形，也可以是其他形状。在本实施例中，小孔阵列15可以被替代为狭缝阵列。狭缝阵列的采样区域是观察位置透过每个狭缝在微掩膜11上投影的集合。狭缝的形状包括不限于条形状。
图6是本申请的采样系统13、微掩膜11和图文层组合的示意图。如图所示，微掩膜11的区域e为镂空区域，区域c与区域d具有不同的观察效果。微掩膜11、可选的间隔层12、采样系统13组成遮挡层1，在遮挡层1中，第一观察位置3对应的采样区域落在区域e中，第二观察位置4对应的采样区域落在区域c和区域d中，在第二观察位置4能够观察到区域c和区域d组成的遮挡图文。微掩膜11包括透光区和不透光区。不透光区包括遮挡图文，该遮挡图文包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码、可识读元素中至少一种。以二维码为例，二维码具有L、M、Q、H四种容错率级别，相应的 容错率分辨为7％、15％、25％、30％。在第一观察位置3，二维码被遮挡的比例小于相应的容错率，二维码能够被识别；在第二观察位置4，二维码被遮挡的比例超过相应的容错率，二维码不能被识别。扫描二维码之前必须寻找特定的扫描位置才识读。
对于同一批次第一防伪元件0a和第二防伪元件0b，第二图文层2a和遮挡层1组成第一防伪元件0a，第三图文层2b和遮挡层1组成第二防伪元件0b。第二图文层2a和第三图文层2b上分布有不同形状区域a和区域b，形成不同的可定制图文。可定制图文为图文层内容，包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码、可识读元素中至少一种。可识读元素为人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读，包括编号、冠字号码、追溯信息、防伪特征。可识读元素与产品信息关联，其关联的查询方式包括但不限于直接识读、电话查询、短信查询、网站查询、扫描条形码查询和/或扫描二维码查询等。区域a和区域b透过微掩膜11上的镂空区域显露出来，第一观察位置3对应的采样区域落在区域a和区域b的显露部分，在第一观察位置3能够观察到区域a和区域b组成的可定制图文。第一防伪元件0a在第一观察位置3观察到第一可定制图文3a是制作在第二图文层2a上的，第二防伪元件0b在第一观察位置3观察到第二可定制图文3b是制作在第三图文层2b上的，通过在图文层上制作不同的可定制图案，实现可定制的光学可变效果，即在第一观察位置3和第二观察位置4能够观察到随观察位置可变的光学效果，且第一观察位置3看到的可定制图文是可以灵活定制的。可定制图文与遮挡图文可以由更多的区域组成，也可以具有更复杂的表现内容。
微掩膜11的制作方法可以包括以下步骤：形成起伏结构层，制作起伏结构层，起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域，第一区域为预计镂空区域，第一微结构的深宽比大于第二微结构的深宽比；第一微结构的比面积大于第二微结构的比面积和/或第一微 结构的比体积大于第二微结构的比体积；形成遮挡层1；可选地形成保护层；将上述结构置于能够与遮挡层1反应的氛围中，直到位于第一区域的遮挡层的部分或全部被去除为止。由于第一微结构具有与其他微结构不同的结构参数，第一区域的遮挡层1的反应速度高于其他区域的遮挡层1，在第一区域的遮挡层1部分或全部去除时，其他区域的遮挡层1还未开始反应或未完全去除，第一区域被镂空而其他区域未被镂空，实现微掩膜11的制作。起伏结构层至少还包括由第三微结构组成的第三区域，第二微结构与第三微结构与遮挡层1结合能产生不同的观察效果，如不同亮度、颜色和/或饱和度的效果，由此第二区域与第三区域的外观形成对比，图案化后实现遮挡图文的制作。该方法的具体实施方式参考专利文献CN103963510A、CN104057747A、CN104647934A、CN104647935A、CN104647936A、CN104647937A、CN104647938A、CN105015215A、CN105015216A、CN106891637A中的实施例。微掩膜11的制作方法还可以包括以下步骤：形成起伏结构层，在预计遮挡区域制作凹陷；在凹陷中填入遮挡层1。
图7是本申请在钞票上实施的示意图。如图所示，第三防伪元件0a1安装在钞票30上，从第一观察位置3观察到第三可定制图文3a1，从第二观察位置4观察到第一遮挡图文4a1。第三可定制图文3a1和第一遮挡图文4a1都包含图案、文字、条形码，他们都与钞票30之间有验证关系。例如图案的开口方向与钞票30的冠字号码31的某一位关联，文字中包括钞票30的冠字号码31，条形码的识读信息中包括钞票30的冠字号码31，图案与钞票30的面值对应，文字中包括钞票30的面值，条形码的识读信息中包括钞票30的面值等。
图8是本申请在产品包装上实施的示意图。如图8所示，第四防伪元件0a2安装在产品包装32上，从第一观察位置3观察到第四可定制图文3a2，从第二观察位置4观察到第二遮挡图文4a2。第四可定制图文3a2包含二维

Claims (22)

  1. 一种可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，包括：
    图文层和遮挡层，所述遮挡层包括微掩膜和采样系统；
    所述图文层是可定制的；
    所述微掩膜包括透光区和不透光区；
    所述微掩膜用于遮挡所述图文层，所述采样系统能够对被遮挡的所述图文层进行采样合成形成再现图像，在不同观察位置呈现的所述再现图像不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，所述再现图像包括以下中的一者：
    所述图文层被完全遮挡、所述图文层被部分遮挡、所述图文层没有被遮挡。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，所述图文层被部分遮挡，包括以下一者或多者：不同遮挡面积、不同遮挡位置和不同遮挡透明度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述不透光区包括遮挡图文，所述遮挡图文为可识读元素，包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码中至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述微掩膜为镂空金属镀层。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述采样系统包括微透镜阵列、柱透镜阵列、球透镜阵列、小孔阵列、 狭缝阵列和/或菲涅尔透镜阵列。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述遮挡层还包括间隔层，该间隔层位于所述采样系统和所述微掩膜之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述图文层的内容为可识读元素，包括图案、文字、条形码、二维码中至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求4或8所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述可识读元素用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息，所述可识读元素包括编号、冠字号码、追溯信息和/或防伪特征。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的可定制的防伪元件，至少存在第一观察位置和第二观察位置，所述第一观察位置和所述第二观察位置具有不同的所述再现图像，在所述第一观察位置图文层的可识读元素能够用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息，在所述第二观察位置图文层的可识读元素无法用于人工直接识读和/或借助机器间接识读产品信息。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述观察位置包括观察角度和观察距离；
    不同观察位置包括所述观察距离和/或所述观察角度不同。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述防伪元件的厚度不超过5mm，优选不超过200um，进一步优选不 超过100um。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述微掩膜叠加有起伏结构，该起伏结构包括至少两种微结构，其中至少一种微结构使微掩膜产生透光的外观，其中至少一种微结构使微掩膜产生不透光的外观，微掩膜的透光区与不透光区的分布取决于微结构的分布。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，制作所述微掩膜的方法包括：
    制作起伏结构层，所述起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域，所述第一微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积大于所述第二微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积；
    制作遮挡层；
    将上述结构置于能够与所述遮挡层反应的氛围中，所述遮挡层受所述起伏结构影响，所述第一区域的所述遮挡层的反应速度高于所述第二区域的所述遮挡层的反应速度；
    所述第一区域的所述遮挡层部分或完全被去除，为透光区；所述第二区域的所述遮挡层部分或完全不被去除，为不透光区。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，制作所述微掩膜的方法包括：
    制作起伏结构层，所述起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域，所述第一微结构为平坦结构，所述第二微结构为凹陷结构；
    将遮挡材料填入凹陷；
    第一区域无遮挡材料填入，为透光区；第二区域有遮挡材料填入，为不透光区。
  16. 根据权利要求4或13所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述不透光区包括至少两种微结构，所述不透光区不同的微结构在所述微掩膜上形成不同的不透光外观，所述不同的不透光外观组成所述遮挡图文。
  17. 根据权利要求13或14所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，制作所述微掩膜的方法还包括：
    制作起伏结构层，所述起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域、由第三微结构组成的第三区域，所述第一微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积大于所述第二微结构、第三微结构的深度、深宽比、比面积和/或比体积；
    制作遮挡层；
    将上述结构置于能够与遮挡层反应的氛围中，遮挡层受起伏结构影响，第一区域的遮挡层的反应过程快于第二区域和第三区域的反应过程；
    第一区域的遮挡层部分或完全被去除，为透光区；第二区域和第三区域的遮挡层部分或完全不被去除，为不透光区；受起伏结构影响，第二区域和第三区域具有不同的外观组成遮挡图文。
  18. 根据权利要求13或15所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，制作所述微掩膜的方法包括：
    制作起伏结构层，所述起伏结构层至少包括由第一微结构组成的第一区域、由第二微结构组成的第二区域、由第三微结构组成的第三区域，所述第一微结构为平坦结构，所述第二微结构和第三微结构为不同的凹陷结构；
    将遮挡材料填入凹陷；
    第一区域无遮挡材料填入，为透光区；第二区域和第三区域有遮挡材料填入，为不透光区；因为凹陷结构不同，第二区域和第三区域填入的遮挡材料具有不同的外观组成遮挡图文。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    制作所述图文层的方法为喷码印刷、激光打印、喷墨打印和激光烧蚀中的至少一种。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的可定制的防伪元件，其特征在于，
    所述图文层和所述遮挡层之间防止分离。
  21. 一种防伪产品，其特征在于，该防伪产品包括权利要求1-20中任一项所述的防伪元件。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的防伪产品，其特征在于，所述防伪产品包括钞票、身份证、产品包装、银行卡或汇票。
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