WO2022211677A1 - Cable transit with mineral wool filler and installation kit - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed technical solution relates to cable transits and can be used for providing passive fire protection for cabling systems and other structural elements in nuclear and thermal power stations. The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is that of creating a cable transit that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, thus providing necessary levels of fire resistance, simplifying the design and installation of the device and entailing low consumption of materials, in particular fireproof coating. A further technical problem solved by the claimed invention is that of expanding the existing range of cable transits.

Description

CABLE ENTRY WITH MINERAL WOOL FILLER AND

MOUNTING KIT

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The proposed technical solution relates to cable penetrations and can be used to provide passive fire protection of cable facilities and other building structures at nuclear and thermal power plants.

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Known cable penetration, described in patent RU165549, published 20.10.2016 (D1). The cable penetration known from D1 is an electrical sealed penetration for nuclear reactors with two containment shells, inside which longitudinally sealed modules are placed for transmitting electrical energy and signals to the sealed rooms of nuclear power plants, including input housings for the sealed reactor shell and the reactor containment shell, which equipped with an additional housing for the intershell space, which is fixed between two other housings, with the additional housing connected to one housing by hinged supports, and to the other by a fire-resistant cuff.

[0005] The solution known from E1 does not provide the required fire resistance limits and has a complex structure, installation of the penetration is difficult. The solution known from D1 can be taken as the closest analogue.

[0006] SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a cable penetration that does not have the disadvantages of its counterpart, and thus provides the necessary fire resistance limits, simplicity of design, installation, as well as low consumption of materials, in particular, fire retardant coating. Another technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means - cable penetrations.

[0008] The technical result achieved by implementing the claimed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the closest analogue and thus provide the necessary fire resistance limits, simplify the design and installation while reducing material consumption, in particular, fire retardant coating. Another technical result is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means - cable penetrations.

[0009] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that cable penetration is provided, which is a mineral wool filler, which at least partially fills a hole with a depth of 150 to 250 mm in the building structure, and the filler has a density of at least 35 kg/m ³ and covered on the outside with a flame retardant coating also applied to at least one cable on each side outside the hole; moreover, the filler in the places where the cable fits inside the hole is covered with a fire-resistant sealant; moreover, the fire-retardant coating is obtained by preparing it from a kit for the preparation of a fire-retardant intumescent composition of cold curing, including one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with the base and one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with a catalyst or a catalytic mixture, moreover, in total, container units contain the following initial components at the following ratio of initial components, May. %: base packed in one or more equal or unequal tare units: silicone rubber base 23.59-40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18-22.00; ammonium polyphosphate 35.0-46.10; heat-melting structuring agent 3.10-6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99-4.18; moreover, the fire resistance of the coating, depending on the depth of the hole, the thickness of the coating, and the length of the coating on the cable, corresponds to the parameters indicated in the table:

[0010] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is incorporated herein by reference, and in which: [0012] FIG. 1 as an example, but not limitation, shows an exemplary diagram of the claimed cable penetration.

[0013] CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cable penetration is provided, which is a mineral wool filler, which at least partially fills a hole with a depth of 150 to 250 mm in a building structure, and the filler has a density of at least 35 kg/m ³ and is covered outside with a flame retardant coating also applied to at least one cable on each side outside the hole; moreover, the filler in the places where the cable fits inside the hole is covered with a fire-resistant sealant; moreover, the fire-retardant coating is obtained by preparing it from a kit for the preparation of a fire-retardant intumescent composition of cold curing, including one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with the base and one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with a catalyst or a catalytic mixture, moreover, in total, container units contain the following initial components at the following ratio of initial components, May. %: base packed in one or more equal or unequal tare units: silicone rubber base 23.59-40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18-22.00; ammonium polyphosphate 35.0-46.10; heat-melting structuring agent 3.10-6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99-4.18; moreover, the fire resistance of the coating, depending on the depth of the hole, the thickness of the coating, and the length of the coating on the cable, corresponds to the parameters indicated in the table:

[0015] In particular embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned penetration is provided, characterized in that it is additionally provided with a sleeve, or a box, or an embedded pipe, or the like for, according to at least partial filling with said filler and placement inside at least one cable mounted to the depth of said hole.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mounting kit for performing the aforementioned cable penetration with the geometrical parameters of the aforementioned cable penetration, comprising at least a mineral wool filler with a density of at least 35 kg/m3; a set for the preparation of a fire-retardant coating in an amount sufficient to ensure the fire resistance of the coating in accordance with the above table; and a flame retardant sealant in an amount sufficient to provide the fire resistance of the coating in accordance with the said table.

[0017] In other particular embodiments of the present invention, said set is provided, characterized in that it additionally contains a sleeve, or a box, or an embedded pipe, or the like for at least partial filling with the said filler and placement inside at least one cable, suitable for mounting in a hole in a building structure to a depth of 150 to 250 mm.

[0018] The claimed cable penetration 100 is designed for fire-resistant transverse sealing of cables and busbars, when they pass through cable structures, walls and ceilings at nuclear power plants, thermal power plants and other industrial facilities, namely, for performing fire-resistant universal cable penetrations when cables pass through walls and ceilings (building structures) in pipes, boxes, trays. The claimed cable penetration 100 can be used in all climatic regions, at least according to SNiP 23-01. Working interval of application of cable penetration 100 from minus 60 degrees Celsius to plus 160 degrees Celsius. The claimed cable penetration 100 performs fire protection functions when exposed to a "standard fire", at least according to GOST 30247.0-94 for 0.75, 1.5, 2 or 3 hours, depending on the design. Said penetration 100 does not have a destructive effect on cable sheaths made of plastics, polyvinyl chloride, aluminum and steel, does not cause corrosion and does not have other negative effects on steel structures, paint and varnish or galvanic protective coatings that protect metal structures. Said penetration fits snugly against the protected surface without blisters and cracks. Said penetration is made with the ability to withstand the impact of a shock wave with a pressure of up to 6.74 t/m ² . In case of mechanical damage, said penetration can be restored. At the same time, said sinking is resistant to chemical attack during repeated washing with decontaminating solutions: NaOH - 50 g/l, KMPS>4 - Zg/l - alkaline 5% solution; H2C2O4 - 3Og / l, HNO ₃ - 5 g / l - acid 3% solution; Н2С2О4 - 30 g/l, Н2О2 - 1 g/l - acidic 3% solution. For a solution of H2C2O6 - 0.5%, (NaPO3) _b - 0.35%, sulfanol - 0.15%, the duration of treatment is up to 10 hours / year.

[0019] FIG. 1 as an example, but not limitation, shows an exemplary diagram of the claimed cable penetration 100, which is a mineral wool filler 104, which at least partially fills a hole with a depth (a) from 150 to 250 mm in the building structure 101, and the filler has a density not less than 35 kg/m ³ and covered on the outside with a fire-retardant coating 105, which is also applied to at least one cable 103 on each side outside the hole, and the filler in the places where the cable fits inside the hole is covered with a fire-resistant sealant 106, and the fire resistance of the coating, depending on depth (a) of the hole, thickness (d) of the coating, and length (b) of the coating on the cable corresponds to the parameters indicated in the table:

[0020] When partially filling said hole with mineral wool filler, as an example, but not limitation, only part of the space in the hole is filled with mineral wool filler, and the remaining part, for example, without limitation, is filled with air, and / or other gas, and / or the mentioned fire retardant sealant 106.

[0021] Additionally, said penetration 100 may be provided with a sleeve 102, or a box 102, or an embedded pipe 102, or the like for at least partial filling with said filler 104, mounted to the depth of said hole in wall 101.

[0022] Said penetration 100 is supplied as a mounting kit, the components of which are selected taking into account the geometrical parameters of said penetration 100. Thus, the mounting kit contains at least mineral wool filler 104 with a density ^of at least 35 kg/m fire retardant coating 105 in an amount sufficient to ensure the fire resistance of the coating in accordance with the above table, and the aforementioned fire retardant sealant 106, in an amount sufficient to provide the fire resistance of the coating in accordance with the table above. Additionally, the mentioned set may contain a sleeve 102, or a box 102, or an embedded pipe 102, or the like for filling with the mentioned filler 104 and placing inside at least one cable 103, suitable for mounting into the said hole in the building structure 101 to a depth from 150 to 250 mm.

[0023] By way of example, and not limitation, said fire retardant coating 105 is a fire retardant intumescent composition prepared from a cold cure fire retardant intumescent composition preparation kit, comprising one or more equal or unequal volume container units with the base and one or more container units equal or unequal volume with a catalyst or a catalytic mixture, and in total the packaging units contain the following starting components in the following ratio of starting components, May. %: base packed in one or more equal or unequal tare units: silicone rubber base 23.59-40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18-22.00; ammonium polyphosphate 35.0-46.10; heat-melting structuring agent 3.10-6.17; catalyzing mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99-4.18.

[0024] Preferably, but not limited to, such a flame retardant intumescent composition is suitable for application to mineral wool filler 104 and for providing fire protection to protruding cables and cable lines when a thick coating layer is not desirable, and a single thin layer is required to provide the required fire resistance.

[0025] Preferably, without limitation, the aforementioned flame retardant intumescent compositions may additionally contain a polymerization accelerator in the form of tin dibutyl diacetate (DBTA) or tin dibutyl dilaurate (DBTL), taken in an amount of 0.05-0.15 wt. % of the total amount of starting components, used as an additive to the catalytic mixture. Preferably, but not limited to, for the aforementioned flame retardants compositions, the silicone rubber base is, but not limited to, synthetic heat-resistant low molecular weight rubber grades SKTN-A, SKTN-B, SKTN-V, SKTN-G with a viscosity of 100 to 20,000 cP, or a similar silicone rubber base, manufactured in accordance with any own specifications, but meeting the mentioned viscosity requirements. Alternatively, but not limited to, the silicone rubber base is any of the mentioned rubber, diluted to the desired viscosity with a silanol fluid (a low viscosity inorganic polymer with a hydroxyl group), for example, but not limited to, a viscosity of 50 to 120 cP. Preferably, but not limited to, the viscosity of the silicone rubber base used in the claimed flame retardant compositions is 500 cP, however, it should be obvious to a person skilled in the art, with ordinary knowledge, to whom the present invention is intended, that depending on the requirements for intumescent flame retardant compositions requirements, rubber of other required viscosity can be provided. By way of example, and not limitation, said rubber, if diluted to the desired viscosity with silanol fluid, is diluted in a ratio depending on the desired base viscosity, and thus, for example, without being limited, the silicone rubber base may contain, for example, synthetic rubber heat-resistant low-molecular brand SKTN-A, taken in the amount of 11.80 May. % of the total number of components and silanol liquid, taken in approximately the same amount; thus, it should be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art to whom the present invention is intended that if said higher viscosity rubber is used, either more silanol fluid is used or less of the higher viscosity rubber is used, depending on requirements for silicone rubber base. Preferably, without limitation, technical pentaerythritol is used in the claimed compositions as a flame retardant and intumescent agent. Preferably, but not limited to, ammonium polyphosphate is used as a flame retardant and foaming agent in the claimed compositions. Preferably, but not limited to, the catalyst mixture for a cold curing fire retardant intumescent composition contains gamma-aminopropyltriethoxylan and tris-butanonoximmethylsilane mixed in the specified ratio and can be used as a finished product, for example, not limited, in the form of catalyst "Penta-33 V" (Russia). Preferably, without limitation, one of or a combination of: quartz, glass microsphere, aluminosilicate microsphere is used as a heat-melting structuring agent in the claimed flame retardant compositions. The use of a heat-melting structuring agent in the aforementioned fire retardant compositions provides the following effect. The term "heat" refers to temperatures capable of causing melting of the structurant. As a rule, such temperatures are fire temperatures, namely, temperatures from 600 degrees Celsius. Under the influence of heat, ammonium polyphosphate turns into foam coke, along with this, technical pentaerythritol decomposes with the release of gas, which increases the volume of foam coke formed. However, foam coke formed in this way does not have mechanical strength. At the same time, the author unexpectedly found that even in the absence of preliminary sizing of the structuring agent, in the composition of the claimed compositions, its melting point will be significantly reduced. Thus, when heated to temperatures close to those of a fire, an untreated structuring agent melts, forming a plastic structure during sintering in the composition of the formed foam coke, increasing its mechanical strength. At the same time, the rejection of preliminary dressing of the structuring agent also makes it possible to simplify the technology for preparing parts of the claimed flame retardant compositions and speed up the cooking process.

[0026] The following are specific examples of kits for preparing a cold curing fire retardant intumescent composition and preparation methods. In each kit, the base and the catalyst (catalyst mixture) are stored and supplied in separate containers. At the same time, the basis for each set is packaged in tare units of equal or unequal volume. In this case, the catalytic mixture for each set is packaged in tare units of equal or unequal volume. At the same time, no ratios of components among themselves are mandatory, but are determined only by the number of components, based on the total number of initial components; for example, without limitation, not necessarily additives in the catalytic mixture should be used in a ratio of one to one, since the presence and amount of additives is determined by the requirements for the composition itself, and may also be due to the environment in which the composition will be used; in this case, one should mainly proceed from the fact that the use of additives changes the initial amount of the catalytic mixture as a component, or changes the initial amount of the components of the catalytic mixture. In total, the container units, which contain the base and the catalytic mixture, contain the following initial components with the following ratio of the initial components, May. %.:

[0027] Set N ° 1 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 23.59; technical pentaerythritol 22.0; ammonium polyphosphate 46.10; heat melting structurant 6.17; catalytic mixture, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.14.

[0028] Set N ° 2 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 30.33; technical pentaerythritol 19.0; ammonium polyphosphate 42.10; heat melting structurant 5.84; catalytic mixture, packed in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.73.

[0029] Set N ° 3 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.76; ammonium polyphosphate 35.10; heat melting structuring agent 3.10; catalyst mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 3.60.

[0030] Set N ° 4 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 23.60; technical pentaerythritol 21.66; ammonium polyphosphate 46.10; heat melting structurant 6.17; catalytic mixture, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.48.

[0031] Set N ° 5 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 30.34; technical pentaerythritol 18.57; ammonium polyphosphate 42.10; heat melting structurant 5.84; catalytic mixture, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 3.16.

[0032] Set N ° 6 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18; ammonium polyphosphate 35.10; heat melting structuring agent 3.10; catalyst mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 4.18.

[0033] Set N ° 7 for the preparation of a fire retardant intumescent composition: a base packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 23.59; technical pentaerythritol 22.0; ammonium polyphosphate 46.10; heat melting structurant 6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.09; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.05 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0034] Set N ° 8 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 23.59; technical pentaerythritol 22.0; ammonium polyphosphate 46.10; heat melting structurant 6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.04; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.1 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0035] Set N ° 9 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 23.59; technical pentaerythritol 22.0; ammonium polyphosphate 46.10; heat melting structurant 6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.15 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0036] Set N ° 10 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 30.33; technical pentaerythritol 19.0; ammonium polyphosphate 42.10; heat melting structurant 5.84; catalyst mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.68; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.05 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0037] Set N ° 11 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 30.33; technical pentaerythritol 19.0; ammonium polyphosphate 42.10; heat melting structurant 5.84; catalyst mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.63; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.1 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0038] Set N ° 12 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 30.33; technical pentaerythritol 19.0; ammonium polyphosphate 42.10; heat melting structurant 5.84; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 2.58; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.15 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0039] Set N ° 13 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.76; ammonium polyphosphate 35.10; heat melting structuring agent 3.10; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 3.55; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.05 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0040] Set N ° 14 for the preparation of a flame retardant intumescent composition: base, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.76; ammonium polyphosphate 35.10; heat melting structuring agent 3.10; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 3.50; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.1 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0041] Set N ° 15 for the preparation of a fire retardant intumescent composition: base packed in one or more containers of equal or unequal volume: silicone rubber base 40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.76; ammonium polyphosphate 35.10; heat melting structuring agent 3.10; catalytic mixture, packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 3.45; while the catalytic mixture contains an additive in the form of a polymerization accelerator, taken in the amount of 0.15 May. % of the total number of mentioned starting components.

[0042] The method of preparing each set of cold curing fire retardant intumescent composition includes, for example, but not limited to, the following main steps. At the first stage, the rubber base of the required viscosity is loaded into the mixer. At the second stage, with stirring, technical pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate are added to the base. In the third step, a heat-melting structuring agent is added to the mixture while stirring. At the same time, the readiness of the base for filling into tare units is controlled by means of a viscometer, for example, without limitation, a Brookfield viscometer, and the base is considered ready when the change in the viscosity of the base has reached a plateau. Along with the indicated steps, if necessary (if it is not a finished product), a catalytic mixture is prepared (adding a polymerization accelerator if necessary), after which it is poured into containers in an amount that ensures its specified content in the set; in this case, the polymerization accelerator can also be used in its own container unit and added to the composition of the catalytic mixture with additives immediately before the preparation of the flame retardant composition.

[0043] By way of example, and not limitation, fire retardant sealant 106 is a cable sealant that is suitable for providing the desired penetration characteristics of the claimed penetration, having a neutral catalyzation formula and thixotropy. Such a flame retardant sealant 106 may be supplied, for example, but not limited to, in tool tubes. For example, without limitation, such a sealant is a fire-retardant surface curing sealant INZAGERM HPS (Russia). [0044] The present description of the implementation of the claimed invention demonstrates only private embodiments and does not limit other embodiments of the claimed invention, since possible other alternative embodiments of the claimed invention, which do not go beyond the scope of the information set forth in this application, should be obvious to a person skilled in this field of technology, having the usual qualifications, for which the claimed invention is intended.

Claims

Claim 1. Cable penetration, which is a mineral wool filler, which at least partially fills a hole with a depth of 150 to 250 mm in a building structure, and the filler has a density of at least 35 kg / m ³ and is covered on the outside with a fire retardant coating, also applied to, at least one cable on each side outside the hole; moreover, the filler in the places where the cable fits inside the hole is covered with a fire-resistant sealant; moreover, the fire-retardant coating is obtained by preparing it from a kit for the preparation of a fire-retardant intumescent composition of cold curing, including one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with the base and one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with a catalyst or a catalytic mixture, moreover, in total, container units contain the following initial components at the following ratio of initial components, May. %: base packed in one or more equal or unequal tare units: silicone rubber base 23.59-40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18-22.00; ammonium polyphosphate 35.0-46.10; heat-melting structuring agent 3.10-6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99-4.18; moreover, the fire resistance of the coating, depending on the depth of the hole, the thickness of the coating, and the length of the coating on the cable, corresponds to the parameters indicated in the table:

2. Penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a sleeve, or a box, or an embedded pipe, or the like for at least partial filling with the said filler and placement inside at least one cable, mounted to a depth said hole. 3. Mounting kit for the above penetration cable with the geometric parameters of the aforementioned cable penetration, containing at least mineral wool filler with a density of at least 35 kg/m3; a set for the preparation of a fire-retardant intumescent composition of cold curing, including one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with a base and one or more container units of equal or unequal volume with a catalyst or a catalytic mixture, moreover, in total, the container units contain the following initial components with the following ratio of initial components, May. %: base packed in one or more equal or unequal tare units: silicone rubber base 23.59-40.44; technical pentaerythritol 17.18-22.00; ammonium polyphosphate 35.0-46.10; heat-melting structuring agent 3.10-6.17; catalytic mixture packaged in one or more container units of equal or unequal volume 1.99-4.18; and fire resistant sealant; moreover, the mentioned mineral wool filler, a set for the preparation of a fire-retardant intumescent composition of cold curing and a fire-resistant sealant are contained in the mounting kit in an amount sufficient to ensure the fire resistance of the coating, depending on the depth of the hole, the thickness of the coating, and the length of the coating on the cable, corresponding to the parameters indicated in the table:

4. The kit according to claim 3, characterized in that it additionally contains a sleeve, or a box, or an embedded pipe, or the like for at least partial filling with the said filler and placement inside at least one cable, suitable for mounting into a hole in a building structure to a depth of 150 to 250 mm.