WO2022209719A1 - センサー出力補償回路 - Google Patents
センサー出力補償回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022209719A1 WO2022209719A1 PCT/JP2022/010724 JP2022010724W WO2022209719A1 WO 2022209719 A1 WO2022209719 A1 WO 2022209719A1 JP 2022010724 W JP2022010724 W JP 2022010724W WO 2022209719 A1 WO2022209719 A1 WO 2022209719A1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 39
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/007—Environmental aspects, e.g. temperature variations, radiation, stray fields
- G01R33/0082—Compensation, e.g. compensating for temperature changes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0023—Electronic aspects, e.g. circuits for stimulation, evaluation, control; Treating the measured signals; calibration
- G01R33/0029—Treating the measured signals, e.g. removing offset or noise
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
- G01R33/098—Magnetoresistive devices comprising tunnel junctions, e.g. tunnel magnetoresistance sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor output compensation circuit that compensates for the output of a sensor in which sensor elements are bridge-connected.
- this type of sensor output compensation circuit includes, for example, the sensor circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the sensor circuit includes a detection section (preamplifier section) including a sensor element, a power supply section (sensor application circuit) that supplies power to the detection section, and an amplification section (main amplifier section) that amplifies the signal from the detection section.
- Consists of The sensor application circuit includes a constant voltage circuit, and includes a sensitivity temperature compensation circuit and a non-linearity compensation circuit as sensor output compensation circuits.
- the constant voltage from the constant voltage circuit is input to the sensitivity temperature compensating circuit, and each output signal of the sensitivity temperature compensating circuit and the non-linearity compensating circuit is added to be the input signal of the preamplifier.
- a signal corresponding to the physical quantity detected by the sensor element is output from the preamplifier.
- the non-linearity compensation circuit is arranged in the feedback circuit of the output of the sensor circuit (main amplifier section).
- This magnetoresistive element amplifier circuit includes a magnetoresistive element in which four ferromagnetic magnetoresistive element patterns are bridge-connected, and by connecting a differential amplifier circuit to a pair of output terminals of the magnetoresistive element, The output voltage of the resistance element is differentially amplified.
- the differential amplifier circuit is provided with an offset adjustment circuit that varies the midpoint potential of the output voltage after amplification by a variable resistor and sets it to a predetermined potential.
- a temperature compensation circuit is provided as a sensor output compensation circuit to compensate for variations.
- the nonlinearity compensating circuit disclosed in the conventional patent document 1 is arranged in the feedback circuit of the sensor circuit output and feeds back the output of the sensor circuit to compensate for its nonlinearity. Therefore, the response speed of the circuit is delayed by the amount corresponding to the feedback, and the nonlinearity compensation of the sensor output is delayed.
- an adding circuit is required, which increases the size of the sensor output compensating circuit.
- the present invention was made to solve such problems, a differential amplifier circuit that amplifies, as a sensor output, a differential voltage appearing at a pair of detection signal output terminals of a sensor in which sensor elements whose resistance value changes according to a detected physical quantity are bridge-connected; a compensating amplifier circuit for compensating the output of the differential amplifier circuit; A sensor output compensation circuit comprising a sensor output linearity compensation circuit that varies the amplification factor of a compensating amplifier circuit to a gain that cancels out the distortion that appears with nonlinearity in the sensor output with respect to changes in physical quantity. did.
- the distortion appearing in the sensor output with non-linearity due to changes in the physical quantity is corrected by the amplification factor of the compensating amplifier circuit that compensates for the output of the differential amplifier circuit. It is compensated by being varied by a linearity compensation circuit. Therefore, the distortion of the sensor output can be compensated without feeding back the sensor output as in the conventional nonlinearity compensation circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the response speed of the circuit is increased, and the sensor output non-linearity compensation is performed at high speed. Moreover, since the adder circuit is not required in the sensor output compensation circuit unlike the conventional art, the circuit scale of the sensor output compensation circuit can be suppressed.
- the present invention a differential amplifier circuit that amplifies, as a sensor output, a differential voltage between detected voltages appearing at a pair of detection signal output terminals of a sensor in which sensor elements whose resistance value changes according to a detected physical quantity are bridge-connected; a compensating amplifier circuit for compensating the output of the differential amplifier circuit; a temperature sensor circuit for detecting ambient temperature; A sensor sensitivity temperature characteristic compensating circuit that varies the amplification factor of the compensating amplifier circuit based on the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor circuit to compensate for changes in sensor output sensitivity due to changes in ambient temperature.
- a sensor output compensation circuit was constructed.
- the change in the sensitivity of the sensor output with respect to changes in the ambient temperature is such that the gain of the compensating amplifier circuit that compensates the output of the differential amplifier circuit is equal to the gain that cancels out the change in the sensor sensitivity temperature. It is compensated by being varied by the characteristic compensating circuit. Therefore, unlike the conventional temperature compensation circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2, which can only perform temperature compensation depending on the thermistor characteristics, the temperature range in which temperature compensation can be performed is not limited, and a wider range of ambient temperature fluctuations can be accommodated. Sensitivity temperature compensation of sensor output can be performed. In addition, the temperature compensation characteristic of the thermistor element does not vary, unlike the conventional case, and it is possible to improve the sensitivity temperature compensation accuracy. In addition, since the sensor output compensation circuit can be configured without using a thermistor element in the temperature compensation circuit, the sensor output compensation circuit can be implemented as an IC, and the sensor output compensation circuit can be made smaller and less expensive.
- the present invention a differential amplifier circuit that amplifies, as a sensor output, a differential voltage between detected voltages appearing at a pair of detection signal output terminals of a sensor in which sensor elements whose resistance value changes according to a detected physical quantity are bridge-connected; a compensating amplifier circuit for compensating the output of the differential amplifier circuit; a temperature sensor circuit for detecting ambient temperature; An offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit that refers to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor circuit and inputs to the reference voltage terminal of the compensation amplifier circuit a reference voltage that cancels out variations in the offset voltage of the sensor output that appear with changes in the ambient temperature. and a sensor output compensation circuit.
- the compensation amplifier circuit for compensating the output of the differential amplifier circuit is input from the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit to the reference voltage terminal to compensate for variations in the offset voltage of the sensor output that appear with changes in the ambient temperature. It is canceled by amplifying the output of the differential amplifier circuit based on the reference voltage. Therefore, unlike the conventional offset adjustment circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2, which adjusts the offset of the sensor output only by adjusting the midpoint potential of the output of the differential amplifier circuit with a variable resistor, the offset voltage of the sensor output temperature compensation can be performed easily and accurately.
- a sensor output compensation circuit capable of performing high-speed nonlinearity compensation of the sensor output and suppressing the circuit scale of the sensor output compensation circuit, and a sensor output for a wider range of temperature fluctuations.
- a sensor output compensation circuit that can perform temperature compensation of the sensitivity of the sensor with high accuracy and that can reduce the size and cost of the circuit, and a sensor output compensation circuit that can easily and accurately compensate for the temperature of the sensor output offset voltage. can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a sensor output compensation circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of a linearity compensation circuit in the sensor output compensation circuit shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. (a) is a graph showing changes in sensor output with respect to a magnetic field
- (b) is a graph showing distortion of the sensor output that appears non-linearly.
- (a) is a graph showing a control signal output from the linearity compensating circuit to change the resistance value of the variable resistor R4, and
- (b) is a graph showing the distortion of the sensor output after being compensated by the linearity compensating circuit.
- 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of a sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit in the sensor output compensation circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. (a) is a graph showing the results of measuring the temperature characteristics of the sensitivity of the sensor output
- (b) is a graph showing changes in the fluctuation rate of the output voltage output from the sensor output compensation circuit with respect to the ambient temperature.
- (a) is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the sensitivity of the sensor output after being compensated by the sensitivity temperature compensation circuit
- (b) is a graph showing the voltage characteristics of the ambient temperature used for the sensitivity temperature compensation.
- is. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of an offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit in the sensor output compensation circuit shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. (a) is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the variation rate of the offset voltage
- (b) is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the variation rate of the offset voltage after being compensated by the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a sensor output compensation circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the sensor output compensation circuit is a circuit that inputs the output of the TMR (Tunneling Magneto-Resistive) sensor 2 and performs various compensations for the sensor output.
- the TMR sensor 2 is configured by bridge-connecting TMR elements whose resistance value changes according to a magnetic field, which is a physical quantity to be detected, and operates when a predetermined voltage is applied to a pair of power supply terminals 2a and 2b. .
- a magnetic field detected by the TMR sensor 2 appears as a voltage difference between the pair of detection signal output terminals 2c and 2d, and is given to signal input terminals 1a and 1b of the sensor output compensation IC 1 as sensor outputs.
- Such a TMR sensor 2 is used, for example, to monitor the current supplied to the motor of a hybrid vehicle.
- Various types of compensation performed by the sensor output compensation IC1 include sensor output linearity compensation, sensitivity compensation, sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation (TCS (Temperature Coefficient Sensitivity): hereinafter referred to as temperature sensitivity compensation), offset compensation, and offset temperature compensation.
- TCS Tempo Coefficient Sensitivity
- offset compensation offset compensation
- TCO Tempoistic Compensation
- compensation for individual variations of the TMR sensor 2 is also included for each of these compensations.
- Linearity compensation is compensation that removes nonlinear components from the sensor output to ensure the linearity of the sensor output.
- Offset compensation is compensation for canceling offset voltages appearing at the pair of detection signal output terminals 2c and 2d when the TMR sensor 2 does not detect a magnetic field.
- the offset temperature characteristic compensation is compensation for offsetting the temperature variation of the offset voltage.
- Sensitivity compensation is compensation for offsetting variations in the sensitivity of the TMR sensor 2 due to individual TMR sensors 2 .
- the sensitivity of the TMR sensor 2 is a value obtained by dividing the output span voltage obtained by subtracting the offset voltage from the rated output voltage of the sensor output compensation IC1 by the rated magnetic field, and means the change in output voltage per unit magnetic field.
- Sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation is compensation for canceling out temperature fluctuations in sensitivity temperature characteristics that indicate how much the maximum output span voltage changes at the compensation temperature.
- the sensor output compensation IC 1 includes a differential amplifier circuit 3 composed of an instrumentation amplifier, and a compensation amplifier circuit 4 for compensating the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 .
- the differential amplifier circuit 3 includes operational amplifiers 31 and 32 for amplifying respective detection voltages appearing at the pair of detection signal output terminals 2c and 2d of the TMR sensor 2, and an operational amplifier 33 for differentially amplifying the respective amplified detection voltages. Prepare. A differential voltage between the detection voltages appearing at the pair of detection signal output terminals 2c and 2d is treated as a substantial sensor output.
- the sensitivity of the sensor output is adjusted by varying the variable resistor R0 to compensate for individual variations in the TMR sensor 2.
- a variable voltage source VREF1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 33 via a resistor R3'.
- the offset voltage of the sensor output is adjusted by varying the output voltage of this variable voltage source VREF1 so that the output voltage VOUT appearing at the output terminal OUT of the sensor output compensation IC1 becomes zero when no magnetic field is detected by the TMR sensor 2. adjusted to
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 changes by changing the resistance value of the connected variable resistor R4 or R5.
- the resistance values of the variable resistors R4 and R5 are changed by switching the connection between the resistors (not shown) by a plurality of switches (not shown) to change the combined resistance value of the resistors. variable.
- the sensor output compensation IC 1 of this embodiment includes a linearity compensation circuit 5 that compensates for the linearity of the sensor output, a sensitivity temperature compensation circuit 6 that compensates for the sensitivity temperature characteristic of the sensor output, and a sensor output offset voltage temperature characteristic.
- An offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 is provided.
- the differential amplifier circuit 3, the compensation amplifier circuit 4, the linearity compensation circuit 5, the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6, and the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 constitute a compensation block 8 of the sensor output compensation IC1.
- the sensor output compensation IC 1 also includes a regulator circuit (VREG) 9, a reference voltage circuit (VREF) 10, and a temperature sensor circuit 11.
- the regulator circuit 9 generates a reference voltage from the voltage input to the power supply terminal VDD.
- the reference voltage circuit 10 converts the reference voltage generated by the regulator circuit 9 into a reference voltage of each value used in the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6, the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7, etc., and the power supply applied to the TMR sensor 2. generate voltage.
- the temperature sensor circuit 11 detects the ambient temperature with a diode and outputs the detected ambient temperature as a voltage to the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 and the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 . Since the TMR sensor 2 and the sensor output compensation IC 1 are arranged close to each other, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor circuit 11 is detected as the ambient temperature of the TMR sensor 2 .
- the sensor output compensation IC 1 is equipped with an EEPROM 12 whose memory contents can be rewritten by the user. Setting data is written into the EEPROM 12 from the data terminal DATA by the user. In accordance with this setting data, setting adjustment of compensation operations by various compensation circuits in the compensation block 8 is performed, and setting adjustment of temperature detection in the temperature sensor circuit 11 is performed.
- each compensation performed by the linearity compensation circuit 5 and the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 is performed by varying the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 as described later.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) is varied by switching the connection state between the resistors constituting the variable resistors R4 and R5 by a plurality of switches according to the setting data written in the EEPROM 12.
- Compensation performed by the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 is also performed by switching connection states of switches 75 and 76 (see FIG. 8) described later according to setting data written in the EEPROM 12 .
- the temperature sensor circuit 11 is adjusted according to the setting data written in the EEPROM 12 so as to output a voltage of 1[V] when the ambient temperature is 25.degree.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of the linearity compensation circuit 5 in the sensor output compensation IC 1 shown in FIG.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the linearity compensation circuit 5 is composed of a plurality of comparators 51, 52, 53, . . . , 5n.
- the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 3 is commonly input to one input terminal of each of the comparators 51, 52, 53, . . .
- Reference voltages VREF_L1, VREF_L2, VREF_L3, . . . , VREF_Ln are input. These reference voltages VREF_L1, VREF_L2, VREF_L3, . It is preset.
- the linearity compensation circuit 5 changes the resistance value of the variable resistor R4 by switching a plurality of switches forming the variable resistor R4 according to the result of comparison between the plurality of reference voltages and the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 3. As a result, the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is varied to cancel the distortion.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is varied by switching a plurality of switches constituting the variable resistor R4 to vary the resistance value of the variable resistor R4.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 may be varied by switching a plurality of switches forming the variable resistor R5 to vary the resistance value of the variable resistor R5.
- FIG. 3(a) is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the magnetic field applied to the TMR sensor 2 and the sensor output appearing as a differential voltage between the detection signal output terminals 2c and 2d when each magnetic field is applied to the TMR sensor 2.
- the horizontal axis of the graph is the magnetic field [mT] applied to the TMR sensor 2, and the vertical axis is the sensor output [mV].
- a characteristic line y represents the change of the sensor output with respect to each magnetic field when the ambient temperature of the sensor output compensation IC1 is 25° C., and indicates the linearity characteristic of the sensor output.
- This characteristic line y is represented by the following polynomial expression (3) with the magnetic field x as a variable.
- y -6.469 e -0.7 x 3 -1.512 e -0.6 x 2 +2.175 e -0.2 x + 4.306 e -0.3 (3)
- the characteristic line y looks straight at first glance, but it contains the non-linear components shown in the first and second terms on the right side of equation (3).
- the graph shown in FIG. 3(b) shows the relationship between the magnetic field and the sensor output.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the magnetic field [mT] applied to the TMR sensor 2, while the vertical axis represents the sensor output [mV] excluding linear components.
- a characteristic line y' represents the distortion of the sensor output that appears non-linearly. Since this distortion affects the magnetic field detection accuracy of the TMR sensor 2, the linearity compensation circuit 5 compensates for this distortion.
- the distortion exists in the magnetic field regions of about +8 [mT] or more and about -8 [mT] or less.
- the distortion is canceled by varying the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 by .
- FIG. 4(a) is a graph showing an example of the control signal v given from the linearity compensation circuit 5 to each switch of the variable resistor R4.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the magnetic field [mT] applied to the TMR sensor 2, and the vertical axis represents the voltage [V] of the control signal v.
- Characteristic line a is the magnetic field change of the input voltage input to the input terminals 1a and 1b of the sensor output compensation IC1
- characteristic line b is the magnetic field change of the output voltage VOUT output to the output terminal out of the sensor output compensation IC1.
- Characteristic lines c, d, e, and f represent control signals v1, v2, v3, and v4 for correcting the distortion of the sensor output of about +8 [mT] or more in the positive magnetic field shown in FIG.
- Characteristic lines g, h, i, and j represent control signals v5, v6, v7, and v8 for correcting distortion of the sensor output of about -8 [mT] or less in the negative magnetic field.
- Each of the control signals v1 to v8 changes between a high level of +5 [V] and a low level of 0 [V]. For example, when changed to low level, each switch sw1 to sw8 is closed.
- the distortion of the sensor output in the magnetic field region of about +8 [mT] or more is that when the magnetic field is about +7 [mT], the switch sw1 is closed by the low level of the control signal v1 represented by the characteristic line c.
- the resistance value of the variable resistor R4 is varied, and the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is changed to an amplification factor that cancels out the distortion in the magnetic field at that time.
- the switch sw2 When the magnetic field is about +10 [mT], the switch sw2 is controlled to be closed by turning the control signal v2 represented by the characteristic line d to a low level, and when the magnetic field is about +13 [mT], , the switch sw3 is controlled to be closed by the low level of the control signal v3 represented by the characteristic line e, and the control signal v4 represented by the characteristic line f is When the switch sw4 is controlled to be closed by the low level, the resistance value of the variable resistor R4 is varied, and the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is changed to an amplification factor that cancels out the distortion in each magnetic field.
- the switches sw5 to sw8 are controlled to close by the control signals v5 to v8 represented by the characteristic lines g to j.
- the resistance values of the variable resistors R4 are varied, and the amplification factor of the compensating amplifier circuit 4 is changed to an amplification factor that cancels out the distortion in each magnetic field.
- FIG. 4(b) is a graph showing the distortion of the sensor output after the non-linearity of the sensor output is compensated by such resistance control of the variable resistor R4 by the linearity compensation circuit 5.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the magnetic field [mT] applied to the TMR sensor 2, and the vertical axis represents the ratio [%] of the distortion component included in the output voltage VOUT output to the output terminal out of the sensor output compensation IC1.
- a characteristic line k represents the variation characteristic of the distortion component included in the output voltage VOUT with respect to the change in the magnetic field.
- the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is increased. It can be understood that the ratio of the distortion component increases upwardly to the right, thereby canceling out the decrease in distortion shown in FIG. 3(b).
- the distortion of the sensor output in the magnetic field region of about ⁇ 8 [mT] or less increases to the left with the decrease in the magnetic field as shown in FIG.
- the amplification factor of the compensating amplifier circuit 4 is lowered, so that the ratio of the distortion component decreases downward to the left, and the ratio of the distortion component decreases, as shown in FIG. 3(b). It is understood that there is an effect of canceling out the increase in strain shown in .
- the characteristic line k fluctuates up and down in a zigzag manner as shown in FIG. .
- the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is such that the connection between a plurality of resistors connected to the compensation amplifier circuit 4 as the variable resistor R4 is the linearity compensation circuit 5 is switched by controlling the plurality of switches in the , and is varied by changing the combined resistance value of the plurality of resistors.
- the switching of the switches is performed by comparing the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 3 with a plurality of preset reference voltages VREF_L1, VREF_L2, VREF_L3, . It is done when the voltage corresponding to each sensor output is reached.
- the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 becomes an amplification factor that cancels each predetermined distortion from the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 according to the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 3, and the sensor output is improved. Linearity is guaranteed.
- the distortion appearing in the sensor output with nonlinearity with respect to changes in the magnetic field is corrected by the amplification of the compensating amplifier circuit 4 that compensates the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3.
- the gain is compensated by being varied by the linearity compensating circuit 5 to an amplification factor that cancels out the distortion. Therefore, the distortion of the sensor output can be compensated without feeding back the sensor output as in the conventional nonlinearity compensation circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the response speed of the circuit is increased, and the sensor output non-linearity compensation is performed at high speed.
- an adder circuit is not required, so the circuit scale of the sensor output compensating IC1 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 in the sensor output compensation IC 1 shown in FIG.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 is composed of a plurality of comparators 61, 62, 63, ..., 6n.
- the ambient temperature detected as a voltage by the temperature sensor circuit 11 is commonly input to one input terminal of each of the comparators 61, 62, 63, . . . , 6n.
- Output predetermined reference voltages VREF_T1, VREF_T2, VREF_T3, . . . , VREF_Tn are input. These reference voltages VREF_T1, VREF_T2, VREF_T3, . is.
- the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 switches a plurality of switches constituting the variable resistor R5 according to the result of comparison between the plurality of reference voltages and the ambient temperature detected as a voltage by the temperature sensor circuit 11 to switch the variable resistor R5.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensating amplifier circuit 4 is varied so as to cancel the variation in the sensitivity of the sensor output with respect to the change in ambient temperature.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is varied by switching a plurality of switches constituting the variable resistor R5 to vary the resistance value of the variable resistor R5.
- the amplification factor (R5/R4) of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 may be varied by switching a plurality of switches forming the variable resistor R4 to vary the resistance value of the variable resistor R4.
- FIG. 6(a) is a graph showing the results of measuring the temperature characteristics of sensor output sensitivity for a plurality of TMR sensors 2.
- FIG. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the ambient temperature [°C] of the TMR sensor 2
- the vertical axis represents the variation rate [%] of the sensitivity at each ambient temperature with reference to the sensitivity of the sensor output at the ambient temperature of 25°C.
- each characteristic line indicates the sensitivity temperature characteristic of each of the plurality of TMR sensors 2 .
- the sensitivity increases linearly on the positive side as the temperature decreases.
- the sensitivity non-linearly increases in fluctuation rate toward the negative side as the temperature increases.
- FIG. 6(b) is based on the temperature characteristics of sensitivity shown in FIG. , and how much the output voltage VOUT of the sensor output compensation IC1 is varied.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the ambient temperature [°C], and the vertical axis represents the rate of change [%] of the output voltage VOUT.
- a characteristic line m represents the change in the rate of change of the output voltage VOUT with respect to the ambient temperature.
- the fluctuation rate of the output voltage VOUT linearly decreases toward the negative side and downward to the left as the ambient temperature decreases, and is shown in FIG. 6(a). , which acts to cancel the fluctuation rate of the sensitivity that increases linearly to the left. Further, in a temperature range where the ambient temperature is higher than 25° C., the fluctuation rate of the output voltage VOUT increases non-linearly upward to the positive side as the ambient temperature increases, as shown in FIG. 6(a). It acts to cancel the rate of change in sensitivity that decreases non-linearly downward to the right.
- FIG. 7(a) is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the sensitivity of the sensor output after being compensated by the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the ambient temperature [°C] of the TMR sensor 2, and the vertical axis represents the variation rate [%] of the sensitivity at each ambient temperature with reference to the sensitivity of the sensor output at the ambient temperature of 25°C.
- a characteristic line n indicates the sensitivity temperature characteristic of the sensor output compensated for by the fluctuation rate of the output voltage VOUT shown in FIG. 6(b). As shown in the graph, the fluctuation rate of the sensitivity of the sensor output after compensation falls within a small fluctuation range of +0.04[%] to -0.02[%].
- FIG. 7(b) is a graph showing the voltage characteristics of the ambient temperature used for the above sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation.
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the ambient temperature [° C.] of the sensor output compensation IC 1
- the vertical axis represents the output voltage [V] of the temperature sensor circuit 11 at each ambient temperature.
- a characteristic line o indicates the temperature characteristic of the output voltage of the temperature sensor circuit 11 .
- the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 is such that the connection between a plurality of resistors connected to the compensation amplifier circuit 4 as the variable resistor R5 is the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation. It is changed by controlling a plurality of switches of the circuit 6 and changing a combined resistance value of a plurality of resistors. In addition, the switching of the switches causes the ambient temperature detected as a voltage by the temperature sensor circuit 11 to be compared with a plurality of preset reference voltages VREF_T1, VREF_T2, VREF_T3, . It is performed when each voltage corresponding to the ambient temperature is reached.
- the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 changes from the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 to an amplification factor that cancels each predetermined variation in sensitivity caused by the ambient temperature, and the sensitivity temperature characteristic of the sensor output is improved. will be compensated.
- the variation that appears in the sensitivity of the sensor output with respect to changes in the ambient temperature is such that the amplification factor of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 that compensates the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 is Compensation is performed by varying the amplification factor that cancels out the variation by the sensitivity temperature characteristic compensation circuit 6 . Therefore, unlike the conventional temperature compensation circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2, which can only perform temperature compensation depending on the thermistor characteristics, the temperature range in which temperature compensation can be performed is not limited, and a wider range of ambient temperature fluctuations can be accommodated. Sensitivity temperature compensation of sensor output sensitivity can be performed.
- the temperature compensation characteristics of the thermistor element do not vary as in the conventional case, and it is possible to improve the accuracy of the sensitivity temperature compensation.
- the sensor output compensation circuit can be configured without using a thermistor element in the temperature compensation circuit, the sensor output compensation circuit can be implemented as an IC, and the sensor output compensation circuit can be made smaller and less expensive.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram for explaining the function of the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 in the sensor output compensation IC 1 shown in FIG.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 refers to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor circuit 11 and applies a reference voltage VREF2 to the compensating amplifier circuit 4 to cancel variations in the offset voltage of the sensor output that appear with changes in the ambient temperature. Input to the reference voltage terminal.
- the temperature variation of the offset voltage of the sensor output is shown in the graph shown in FIG. 9(a).
- the horizontal axis of the graph represents the ambient temperature [°C] of the sensor output compensating IC1
- the vertical axis represents the rate of change [%] of the offset voltage at each ambient temperature with reference to the offset voltage at the ambient temperature of 25°C.
- Each characteristic line indicates temperature characteristics of each offset voltage for the plurality of TMR sensors 2 .
- the temperature characteristics of each offset voltage linearly fluctuate with a first-order slope.
- the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 inputs the reference voltage VREF2 for canceling this variation to the reference voltage terminal, which is the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 41 in the amplifier circuit 4 for compensation.
- the offset temperature characteristic compensation circuit 7 includes a first inverting amplifier circuit 72 composed of an operational amplifier 71, a second inverting amplifier circuit 74 composed of an operational amplifier 73, a first switch 75 and a second switch 76. .
- the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 is configured by connecting a resistor R7 and a variable resistor R8 to an operational amplifier 71, and a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 71 is supplied with a reference voltage VREF21.
- the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 inverts and amplifies the ambient temperature detected as a voltage by the temperature sensor circuit 11 with an amplification factor (R8/R7) corresponding to the variation rate of the offset voltage.
- the variation rate of offset voltage corresponds to the slope of each characteristic line in the graph shown in FIG. .
- the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 is configured by connecting a resistor R9 and a variable resistor R10 to the operational amplifier 73, and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 73 is supplied with the reference voltage VREF22.
- the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 inverts and amplifies the output of the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 with an amplification factor (R10/R9) to invert its polarity.
- This amplification factor (R10/R9) is basically set to 1 by adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor R10.
- the second switch 76 is controlled to be closed when the variation of the offset voltage with respect to the ambient temperature increases as the ambient temperature increases, and the output of the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 is used as the reference voltage VREF2. 41 is input to the reference voltage terminal.
- the temperature characteristic of the offset voltage of the sensor output compensating IC1 is represented, for example, by a straight characteristic line p rising to the right in the graph shown in FIG. is output from the temperature sensor circuit 11 as the ambient temperature increases.
- the inverting amplifier circuit 72 the voltage is converted into a voltage having an upward-sloping characteristic in which the slope is the same as the variation rate of the offset voltage of the characteristic line p and the polarity of the slope is reversed.
- this voltage is converted by the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 into the reference voltage VREF2 having the downward-sloping characteristic in which the polarity of the slope is reversed.
- the compensation amplifier circuit 4 amplifies the output voltage including the offset voltage represented by the upward-sloping straight characteristic line p, which is output from the differential amplifier circuit 3, based on the reference voltage VREF2. , the variation due to the temperature characteristics of the offset voltage is cancelled.
- FIG. 9(b) is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of each offset voltage for the four TMR sensors 2 after being compensated by the offset temperature characteristics compensation circuit 7.
- FIG. The horizontal and vertical axes of the graph are the same as in FIG. 9(a).
- the graph shown in FIG. 9(b) shows a characteristic line p before compensation, and the temperature characteristic of the offset voltage of the TMR sensor 2 having this characteristic line p is shown by the dotted line after the above offset compensation.
- the slope is tilted like an arrow to compensate for the temperature characteristic with a substantially flat slope.
- the first switch 75 is controlled to be closed when the fluctuation of the offset voltage with respect to the ambient temperature decreases as the ambient temperature increases. 41 is input to the reference voltage terminal. Therefore, the temperature characteristic of the offset voltage of the TMR sensor 2 is represented, for example, by a straight characteristic line q sloping to the right in the graph shown in FIG. When the temperature sensor circuit 11 outputs a voltage that decreases with an increase in the ambient temperature and is represented by a straight characteristic line sloping to the right, the first switch 75 is controlled to be closed.
- the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 converts the reference voltage VREF2 into a reference voltage VREF2 whose gradient is the same as the fluctuation rate of the offset voltage of the characteristic line q, and whose polarity is inverted and has an upward-sloping characteristic. be done. Therefore, the compensation amplifier circuit 4 amplifies the output voltage including the offset voltage represented by the characteristic line q, which is a straight line downward to the right, output from the differential amplifier circuit 3 with reference to the reference voltage VREF2. , the variation due to the temperature characteristics of the offset voltage is cancelled, as shown in the graph of FIG. 9(b).
- the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 is switched by the second switch 76.
- the output is input to the reference voltage terminal of the compensation amplifier circuit 4 . Therefore, at the reference voltage terminal of the operational amplifier 41, the ambient temperature detected as a voltage by the temperature sensor circuit 11 is inverted and amplified by the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 with an amplification factor (R8/R7) corresponding to the fluctuation rate of the offset voltage.
- the polarity is inverted by the second inverting amplifier circuit 74, and the ambient temperature inverted signal, which decreases at the rate of change of the offset voltage as the ambient temperature increases, is input from the second inverting amplifier circuit 74 as the reference voltage VREF2. be. Therefore, the compensating amplifier circuit 4 amplifies the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 based on the ambient temperature inversion signal. will be available.
- the first switch 75 causes the output of the first inverting amplifier circuit 72 to be input to the reference voltage terminal of the operational amplifier 41. . Therefore, the reference voltage terminal of the operational amplifier 41 is inverted and amplified by the amplification factor (R8/R7) corresponding to the fluctuation rate of the offset voltage by the first inverting amplifier circuit 72, and the fluctuation of the offset voltage with the increase in the ambient temperature.
- An ambient temperature inversion signal that increases at a rate is input from the first inversion amplifier circuit 72 as the reference voltage VREF2.
- the compensation amplifier circuit 4 amplifies the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 based on the ambient temperature inversion signal, so that the sensor output in which the fluctuation of the offset voltage that appears due to the change in the ambient temperature is canceled is obtained from the compensation amplifier circuit 4.
- the offset voltage fluctuation of the sensor output that appears due to changes in the ambient temperature is By amplifying the output of the differential amplifier circuit 3 with reference to the reference voltage VREF2 input from the special compensation circuit 7 to the reference voltage terminal of the operational amplifier 41, it is canceled. Therefore, the offset voltage can be easily compensated for with high accuracy by a single compensating operation. Therefore, unlike the conventional offset adjustment circuit disclosed in Patent Document 2, which adjusts the offset of the sensor output only by adjusting the midpoint potential of the output of the differential amplifier circuit with a variable resistor, the offset voltage of the sensor output temperature compensation can be performed easily and accurately.
- each circuit constituting the sensor output compensation circuit is mounted on the same IC. Therefore, variations caused by differences in wiring between circuits constituting the sensor output compensating circuit and differences in mounting of parts constituting each circuit are reduced. Therefore, each compensation of the sensor output by the sensor output compensation IC1 is performed with high accuracy. It also allows all of the compensation functions to be implemented on the IC. Further, by monitoring the sensor output of the TMR sensor 2 to be compensated, each compensation can be performed with high accuracy for each TMR sensor 2 with a relatively simple circuit configuration. Further, compensation adjustment of each compensation circuit can be easily and selectively selected by selecting setting data to be written in the EEPROM 12 .
- the relative position of the temperature sensor circuit 11 with respect to the other circuits is always constant. Therefore, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor circuit 11 has less error from the ambient temperature of each other circuit. Further, when the temperature sensor circuit 11 is provided separately from the ICs of other circuits, the temperature sensor circuit 11 may be There is no error between the detected ambient temperature and the ambient temperature used by the IC. As a result, according to the sensor output compensation IC1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform temperature compensation of sensor sensitivity and offset voltage with high accuracy.
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Abstract
Description
検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
物理量の変化に対してセンサー出力に非直線性を持って現れる歪みを打ち消す増幅率に補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させる、センサー出力のリニアリティ補償回路と
を備えて、センサー出力補償回路を構成した。
検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる各検出電圧の差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
周囲温度を検出する温度センサー回路と、
温度センサー回路で検出される周囲温度に基づいて、周囲温度の変化に対してセンサー出力の感度に現れる変動を打ち消す増幅率に補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させるセンサー感度温度特性補償回路と
を備えて、センサー出力補償回路を構成した。
検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる各検出電圧の差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
周囲温度を検出する温度センサー回路と、
温度センサー回路で検出される周囲温度を参照して、周囲温度の変化に対して現れるセンサー出力のオフセット電圧の変動を打ち消す参照電圧を補償用増幅回路の参照電圧端子に入力させるオフセット温度特性補償回路と
を備えて、センサー出力補償回路を構成した。
α=(R3/R2)×{1+(2×R1)/R0} …(1)
ただし、R1=R1’,R2=R2’,R3=R3’であり、R0は可変抵抗である。
β=α×(R5/R4)
=(R3/R2)×{1+(2×R1)/R0}×(R5/R4) …(2)
y=-6.469e-0.7x3-1.512e-0.6x2+2.175e-0.2x+4.306e-0.3 …(3)
2…TMRセンサー
2a,2b…TMRセンサー2の一対の電源端子
2c,2d…TMRセンサー2の一対の検出信号出力端子
3…差動増幅回路
4…補償用増幅回路
5…リニアリティ補償回路
51,52,53,…,5n…コンパレータ
6…感度温特補償回路
61,62,63,…,6n…コンパレータ
7…オフセット温特補償回路
72…第1反転増幅回路
74…第2反転増幅回路
75…第1スイッチ
76…第2スイッチ
Claims (8)
- 検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる各検出電圧の差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
前記差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
前記物理量の変化に対して前記センサー出力に非直線性を持って現れる歪みを打ち消す増幅率に前記補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させる、前記センサー出力のリニアリティ補償回路と
を備えるセンサー出力補償回路。 - 前記補償用増幅回路は、接続される抵抗の抵抗値が変えられることで増幅率を変化し、
前記抵抗の抵抗値は、複数の抵抗間の接続が複数のスイッチによって切り替えられて前記複数の抵抗の合成抵抗値が変えられることによって可変され、
前記リニアリティ補償回路は、所定の各前記歪みを起こす前記物理量に応じた各前記センサー出力に相当する予め設定された複数の参照電圧と、前記差動増幅回路の出力との比較結果に応じて複数の前記スイッチを切り替えることで、前記補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセンサー出力補償回路。 - 検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる各検出電圧の差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
前記差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
周囲温度を検出する温度センサー回路と、
前記温度センサー回路で検出される前記周囲温度に基づいて、前記周囲温度の変化に対して前記センサー出力の感度に現れる変動を打ち消す増幅率に前記補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させるセンサー感度温度特性補償回路と
を備えるセンサー出力補償回路。 - 前記補償用増幅回路は、接続される抵抗の抵抗値が変えられることで増幅率を変化し、
前記抵抗の抵抗値は、複数の抵抗間の接続が複数のスイッチによって切り替えられて前記複数の抵抗の合成抵抗値が変えられることによって可変され、
前記センサー感度温度特性補償回路は、所定の各前記変動を起こす前記周囲温度に応じた各電圧に相当する予め設定された複数の参照電圧と、前記温度センサー回路によって電圧として検出される前記周囲温度との比較結果に応じて複数の前記スイッチを切り替えることで、前記補償用増幅回路の増幅率を可変させる
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のセンサー出力補償回路。 - 検出される物理量に応じて抵抗値が変化するセンサー素子がブリッジ接続されたセンサーの一対の検出信号出力端子に現れる各検出電圧の差電圧をセンサー出力として増幅する差動増幅回路と、
前記差動増幅回路の出力を補償する補償用増幅回路と、
周囲温度を検出する温度センサー回路と、
前記温度センサー回路で検出される前記周囲温度を参照して、前記周囲温度の変化に対して現れる前記センサー出力のオフセット電圧の変動を打ち消す参照電圧を前記補償用増幅回路の参照電圧端子に入力させるオフセット温度特性補償回路と
を備えるセンサー出力補償回路。 - 前記オフセット温度特性補償回路は、前記温度センサー回路によって電圧として検出される前記周囲温度を前記オフセット電圧の変動率に対応する増幅率で反転増幅する第1反転増幅回路と、前記第1反転増幅回路の出力の極性を反転する第2反転増幅回路と、前記オフセット電圧の前記周囲温度に対する変動が前記周囲温度の増加に伴って減少する変動であるときには、前記第1反転増幅回路の出力を前記補償用増幅回路の参照電圧端子に入力させる第1スイッチと、前記オフセット電圧の前記周囲温度に対する変動が前記周囲温度の増加に伴って増加する変動であるときには、前記第2反転増幅回路の出力を前記補償用増幅回路の参照電圧端子に入力させる第2スイッチとを備える
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のセンサー出力補償回路。 - 各前記回路は同じ集積回路に実装されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のセンサー出力補償回路。
- 前記センサー素子はTMR素子であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のセンサー出力補償回路。
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CN202280015906.3A CN116964464A (zh) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-10 | 传感器输出补偿电路 |
US18/240,952 US20230408604A1 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2023-08-31 | Sensor output compensation circuit |
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2022
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- 2022-03-10 JP JP2023510804A patent/JPWO2022209719A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-10 DE DE112022000919.5T patent/DE112022000919T5/de active Pending
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JPWO2022209719A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
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